1859:, which is similar to mood assessment as response to beeping watch, the met/met form confers double the subjective mental sensation of well-being from a wide variety of daily events. The ability to experience reward increased with the number of Met alleles. Also, the effect of different genotype was greater for events that were felt as more pleasant. The effect size of genotypic moderation was quite large: Subjects with the Val/Val genotype generated almost similar amounts of subjective well-being from a 'very pleasant event' as Met/Met subjects did from a 'bit pleasant event'. Genetic variation with functional impact on cortical dopamine tone has a strong influence on reward experience in the flow of daily life. In one study participants with the met/met phenotype described an increase of positive affect twice as high in amplitude as participants with the Val/Val phenotype following very pleasant or pleasant events.
347:
324:
221:
246:
42:
598:
1491:
612:
605:
353:
252:
1976:
6747:
1559:. Two isoforms of COMT are produced: the soluble short form (S-COMT) and the membrane bound long form (MB-COMT). As the regulation of catecholamines is impaired in a number of medical conditions, several pharmaceutical drugs target COMT to alter its activity and therefore the availability of catecholamines. COMT was first discovered by the
1615:, save levodopa from COMT and prolong the action of levodopa. Entacapone is a widely used adjunct drug of levodopa therapy. When given with an inhibitor of dopa decarboxylase (carbidopa or benserazide), levodopa is optimally saved. This "triple therapy" is becoming a standard in the treatment of
3869:
Two of the nitrocatechols, entacapone ... and tolcapone ... have been demonstrated to reduce the dose of L-DOPA required and also cause improvement in clinical symptoms, although tolcapone emerged to be more efficacious due to its greater bioavailability and a longer half-life when compared to
1796:
in the brain, resulting in a 40% decrease (rather than 75% decrease) in functional enzyme activity. The lower rates of catabolism for the Met allele results in higher synaptic dopamine levels following neurotransmitter release, ultimately increasing dopaminergic stimulation of the postsynaptic
1716:.). Controversy exists about the predominance and orientation of membrane bound COMT in the CNS, that is, whether this COMT process is active intracellularly in postsynaptic neurons and glia, or oriented outward on the membrane, acting extracellularly on synaptic and extrasynaptic dopamine.
68:
1823:
is one of the genetic factors that may predispose someone to developing schizophrenia later in life. A more recent study cast doubt on the proposed connection between this gene and any alleged casual effect of cannabis on schizophrenia development.
1839:
subjects. It is increasingly recognised that allelic variation at the COMT gene are also relevant for emotional processing, as they seem to influence the interaction between prefrontal and limbic regions. Research conducted at the
1719:
Soluble COMT can also be found extracellularly, although extracellular COMT plays a less significant role in the CNS than it does peripherally. Despite its importance in neurons, COMT is actually primarily expressed in the liver.
1873:(TMD) does not appear to be a classic genetic disorder, however variations in the gene that codes for COMT have been suggested to be responsible for inheritance of a predisposition to develop TMD during life.
3465:
3558:
3381:
Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Cannon M, McClay J, Murray R, Harrington H, et al. (May 2005). "Moderation of the effect of adolescent-onset cannabis use on adult psychosis by a functional polymorphism in the
2955:
Glatt SJ, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT (March 2003). "Association between a functional catechol O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism and schizophrenia: meta-analysis of case-control and family-based studies".
1844:, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London has demonstrated an effect of COMT both in patients with bipolar disorder and in their relatives, but these findings have not been replicated so far.
4226:
1797:
neuron. Given the preferential role of COMT in prefrontal dopamine degradation, the ValMet polymorphism is thought to exert its effects on cognition by modulating dopamine signaling in the
5325:
2912:
Okochi T, Ikeda M, Kishi T, Kawashima K, Kinoshita Y, Kitajima T, et al. (May 2009). "Meta-analysis of association between genetic variants in COMT and schizophrenia: an update".
4645:
4219:
360:
259:
6777:
4846:
2714:
It has been a matter of debate whether in neural cells of the CNS the enzymatic domain of MB-COMT is oriented toward the cytoplasmic or the extracellular compartment.
1454:
3473:
2128:
5318:
4800:
1473:
4701:
4212:
3886:
Trendelenburg U (1991). "The interaction of transport mechanisms and intracellular enzymes in metabolizing systems". In
Riederer P, Moussa Youdim MB (eds.).
4864:
4770:
4965:
980:
182:
961:
5311:
4744:
1862:
One review found that those with Val/Val tended to be more extroverted, more novelty-seeking, and less neurotic than those with the Met/Met allele
3277:
Diamond A, Briand L, Fossella J, Gehlbach L (January 2004). "Genetic and neurochemical modulation of prefrontal cognitive functions in children".
2660:
The cellular distribution of MB-COMT in cortical neurons remains unclear and the orientation of MB-COMT on the cellular membrane is controversial.
6716:
6154:
4975:
4691:
4364:
3320:
6767:
4638:
3907:
2738:
2598:
2376:
2112:
2083:
2056:
2038:
4929:
1832:
3234:
Robinson S, Goddard L, Dritschel B, Wisley M, Howlin P (December 2009). "Executive functions in children with autism spectrum disorders".
346:
65:
6720:
6465:
5355:
5001:
4721:
4717:
4541:
4507:
4493:
4350:
3991:-methyltransferase gene Val/Met functional polymorphism and risk of schizophrenia: a large-scale association study plus meta-analysis".
3044:-methyltransferase gene Val/Met functional polymorphism and risk of schizophrenia: a large-scale association study plus meta-analysis".
1870:
3563:-methyltransferase genotype on neural correlates of sad facial affect processing in patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives"
1700:
In the brain, COMT-dependent dopamine degradation is of particular importance in brain regions with low expression of the presynaptic
1228:
1235:
323:
5034:
3870:
entacapone. However, tolcapone is clinically restricted owing to its increased hepatotoxicity and other related digestive disorders.
1793:
1605:(SAM). Any compound having a catechol structure, like catecholestrogens and catechol-containing flavonoids, are substrates of COMT.
4885:
4631:
4502:
1815:
Comparable effects on similar cognitive tasks, the frontal lobes, and the neurotransmitter dopamine have also all been linked to
1792:
Val variant metabolizes dopamine at up to four times the rate of its methionine counterpart. However, in vivo the Met variant is
1466:
5542:
5520:
4960:
4841:
2025:
2004:
6724:
6435:
6256:
5555:
4950:
4945:
4869:
4749:
1828:
1769:
1679:
1393:
245:
220:
5190:
2392:
Scheggia D, Sannino S, Scattoni ML, Papaleo F (May 2012). "COMT as a drug target for cognitive functions and dysfunctions".
2021:
1417:
2764:"Low dopamine function in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: should genotyping signify early diagnosis in children?"
6576:
6204:
4726:
4686:
4384:
4299:
6737:
2000:
6696:
4955:
4795:
4458:
3890:. Proceedings of the 4th International Amine Oxidases Workshop, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany, July 7–10, 1990.
162:
6546:
6084:
4970:
2140:
1900:
359:
258:
6265:
6260:
5945:
5573:
5533:
5511:
5334:
4247:
3925:
Zhu BT (October 2002). "On the mechanism of homocysteine pathophysiology and pathogenesis: a unifying hypothesis".
1856:
1709:
1689:
1683:
5175:
3751:
Cairns BE (May 2010). "Pathophysiology of TMD pain--basic mechanisms and their implications for pharmacotherapy".
3089:"Differential expression of human COMT alleles in brain and lymphoblasts detected by RT-coupled 5' nuclease assay"
3001:"Lack of association of the COMT (Val158/108 Met) gene and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of case-control studies"
5971:
5449:
5291:
5278:
5265:
5252:
5239:
5226:
5213:
4989:
4904:
4814:
4780:
4696:
4667:
4579:
4359:
352:
251:
5185:
3499:"The effect of rs1076560 (DRD2) and rs4680 (COMT) on tardive dyskinesia and cognition in schizophrenia subjects"
5139:
5082:
4833:
4658:
4177:
4071:"The catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene as a candidate for psychiatric phenotypes: evidence and lessons"
1812:, such as set shifting, response inhibition, abstract thought, and the acquisition of rules or task structure.
1514:
1411:
1304:
1025:
170:
2674:"Membrane-Bound Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase in Cortical Neurons and Glial Cells is Intracellularly Oriented"
3659:"The catechol-O-methyl transferase Val158Met polymorphism and experience of reward in the flow of daily life"
6508:
5087:
4438:
4419:
4279:
1398:
1006:
6666:
3191:-methyltransferase (COMT) genotypes and working memory: associations with differing cognitive operations".
6782:
6712:
6708:
6704:
6551:
6385:
6364:
5488:
4890:
4488:
3613:"The effects of gender and COMT Val158Met polymorphism on fearful facial affect recognition: a fMRI study"
1932:
1753:
1616:
6269:
5546:
5524:
5108:
5027:
4790:
4607:
4533:
4173:
3431:"Genotype effects of CHRNA7, CNR1 and COMT in schizophrenia: interactions with tobacco and cannabis use"
1693:
1602:
1478:
234:
6596:
5180:
1760:
find no association between the risk of schizophrenia and a number of polymorphisms, including ValMet.
1386:
41:
6700:
6011:
6001:
4785:
4603:
4345:
4117:
3657:
Wichers M, Aguilera M, Kenis G, Krabbendam L, Myin-Germeys I, Jacobs N, et al. (December 2008).
2249:
1701:
1321:
3332:
149:
6139:
5863:
5144:
4754:
4399:
4394:
3140:-methyltransferase (COMT): effects on mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity in postmortem human brain"
2283:
Ruottinen HM, Rinne UK (November 1998). "COMT inhibition in the treatment of
Parkinson's disease".
1958:
1852:
1316:
1207:
1203:
1182:
1174:
1170:
1136:
1132:
1111:
1103:
1099:
6330:
5927:
5922:
3187:
Bruder GE, Keilp JG, Xu H, Shikhman M, Schori E, Gorman JM, Gilliam TC (December 2005). "catechol-
2240:
Axelrod J (August 1957). "O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols in vitro and in vivo".
1851:
effect on emotional processing. Furthermore, the polymorphism has been shown to affect ratings of
1414:
6315:
6296:
6292:
6278:
6274:
6044:
5845:
5497:
5077:
4057:
4016:
3593:
3557:
Lelli-Chiesa G, Kempton MJ, Jogia J, Tatarelli R, Girardi P, Powell J, et al. (April 2011).
3536:
3411:
3363:
3302:
3259:
3216:
3116:
3069:
2981:
2937:
2487:"COMT val158met moderation of dopaminergic drug effects on cognitive function: a critical review"
2345:
2308:
1809:
1745:
1338:
194:
6184:
4623:
3611:
Kempton MJ, Haldane M, Jogia J, Christodoulou T, Powell J, Collier D, et al. (April 2009).
2672:
Schott BH, Frischknecht R, Debska-Vielhaber G, John N, Behnisch G, Düzel E, et al. (2010).
1211:
1178:
1166:
1140:
1107:
1095:
6621:
6189:
3429:
Zammit S, Spurlock G, Williams H, Norton N, Williams N, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ (November 2007).
6772:
6481:
6455:
6425:
6233:
6224:
6194:
5785:
5564:
5560:
5469:
4856:
4671:
4389:
4184:
4145:
4092:
4049:
4008:
3975:
3942:
3913:
3903:
3860:
3821:
3768:
3733:
3680:
3634:
3585:
3528:
3452:
3403:
3294:
3251:
3208:
3169:
3108:
3061:
3022:
2973:
2929:
2894:
2845:
2793:
2744:
2734:
2705:
2651:
2594:
2565:
2516:
2462:
2409:
2372:
2337:
2300:
2265:
2222:
2183:
2108:
2100:
2079:
1741:
1737:
1713:
1705:
1655:
1646:
1405:
142:
58:
2584:
2364:
17:
6320:
6305:
6301:
6287:
6283:
6049:
5765:
5681:
5340:
5123:
5118:
5092:
5020:
4239:
4135:
4125:
4082:
4041:
4000:
3967:
3934:
3895:
3852:
3811:
3803:
3760:
3723:
3715:
3670:
3624:
3577:
3518:
3510:
3442:
3395:
3355:
3286:
3243:
3200:
3159:
3151:
3100:
3053:
3012:
2965:
2921:
2884:
2876:
2835:
2827:
2783:
2775:
2695:
2685:
2641:
2631:
2555:
2547:
2506:
2498:
2452:
2444:
2401:
2329:
2292:
2257:
2214:
2175:
2162:
Grossman MH, Emanuel BS, Budarf ML (April 1992). "Chromosomal mapping of the human catechol-
1582:
1541:
597:
439:
370:
314:
269:
4106:"Genetic triple dissociation reveals multiple roles for dopamine in reinforcement learning"
6646:
6611:
6242:
5701:
5538:
5170:
5154:
5067:
4908:
4545:
4304:
2320:
Goetz CG (May 1998). "Influence of COMT inhibition on levodopa pharmacology and therapy".
1756:. COMT has been studied as a potential gene in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia; however
1665:
1611:, a precursor of catecholamines, is an important substrate of COMT. COMT inhibitors, like
1374:
611:
604:
414:
190:
4204:
4121:
3839:
Jatana N, Apoorva N, Malik S, Sharma A, Latha N (January 2013). "Inhibitors of catechol-
3523:
3498:
2253:
1490:
1350:
6751:
6238:
6170:
6104:
6054:
5960:
5791:
5529:
5408:
5208:
5149:
4599:
4140:
4105:
3987:
Fan JB, Zhang CS, Gu NF, Li XW, Sun WW, Wang HY, et al. (January 2005). "catechol-
3816:
3787:
3728:
3704:-methyltransferase (COMT) gene in personality and related psychopathological disorders"
3699:
3164:
3135:
3134:
Chen J, Lipska BK, Halim N, Ma QD, Matsumoto M, Melhem S, et al. (November 2004).
3040:
Fan JB, Zhang CS, Gu NF, Li XW, Sun WW, Wang HY, et al. (January 2005). "catechol-
2889:
2864:
2840:
2815:
2788:
2763:
2700:
2673:
2646:
2615:
2560:
2535:
2511:
2486:
2457:
2428:
1936:
1912:
1841:
1749:
1661:
1633:
1594:
1563:
1537:
1449:
1309:
3856:
1429:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
6761:
6541:
5987:
5651:
5631:
5596:
5404:
5113:
5072:
4818:
4560:
4415:
4193:
3807:
3764:
3597:
3540:
3386:-methyltransferase gene: longitudinal evidence of a gene X environment interaction".
3367:
2179:
1953:
1836:
1816:
1757:
1579:
1525:
1424:
640:
4061:
4020:
3415:
3263:
3220:
3120:
3073:
2985:
2941:
2349:
2312:
1975:
6566:
6345:
6251:
6129:
6064:
5816:
5796:
5691:
5686:
5676:
5601:
5516:
5062:
4736:
4525:
4045:
4004:
3399:
3306:
3204:
3057:
2614:
Chen J, Song J, Yuan P, Tian Q, Ji Y, Ren-Patterson R, et al. (October 2011).
1798:
1674:
432:
211:
5303:
3359:
2433:-methyltransferase polymorphisms and some implications for cognitive therapeutics"
174:
4157:
Greenberg, Gary (November 7, 2018). "What If the
Placebo Effect Isn't a Trick?".
3514:
2925:
2333:
2261:
198:
6606:
6524:
6247:
6174:
6059:
5955:
5806:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5621:
5611:
5507:
5439:
5392:
5286:
5221:
5057:
4654:
4326:
3899:
3247:
3087:
Zhu G, Lipsky RH, Xu K, Ali S, Hyde T, Kleinman J, et al. (December 2004).
2061:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
2043:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1670:
1590:
1533:
1433:
6746:
4110:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3719:
3290:
2969:
2448:
2405:
515:
6676:
6626:
6561:
6556:
6420:
6401:
6335:
6325:
6134:
6119:
6114:
6069:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5855:
5850:
5826:
5821:
5811:
5755:
5745:
5740:
5720:
5671:
5666:
5646:
5626:
5616:
5606:
5591:
5459:
5429:
5425:
5413:
5337:
4472:
3971:
3629:
3612:
3581:
3497:
Punchaichira TJ, Kukshal P, Bhatia T, Deshpande SN, Thelma BK (October 2020).
3447:
3430:
3104:
1928:
1916:
1848:
1781:
1612:
1560:
331:
228:
178:
2814:
Porcelli S, Drago A, Fabbri C, Gibiino S, Calati R, Serretti A (March 2011).
2779:
2748:
2690:
6662:
6631:
6616:
6592:
6531:
6499:
6485:
6451:
6374:
6370:
6350:
6340:
6144:
5898:
5801:
5781:
5773:
5696:
5661:
5656:
5641:
5636:
5569:
5454:
5444:
5399:
5387:
5260:
5234:
4914:
4480:
4476:
4260:
4256:
4130:
2636:
1924:
1920:
1805:
1733:
925:
575:
453:
398:
385:
297:
284:
186:
4149:
4096:
4053:
4012:
3979:
3946:
3864:
3825:
3772:
3737:
3684:
3675:
3658:
3638:
3589:
3532:
3456:
3407:
3298:
3255:
3212:
3173:
3112:
3065:
3026:
2977:
2933:
2898:
2849:
2797:
2709:
2655:
2569:
2520:
2466:
2413:
2269:
2226:
4104:
Frank MJ, Moustafa AA, Haughey HM, Curran T, Hutchison KE (October 2007).
4087:
4070:
3917:
3017:
3000:
2880:
2620:-methyltransferase in cortical neurons: implications for drug development"
2341:
2304:
2187:
1275:
1270:
6415:
6220:
6124:
6100:
6074:
6027:
5991:
5951:
5893:
5760:
5586:
5551:
5420:
5378:
4521:
4322:
4318:
2218:
1948:
1789:
1642:
1608:
1586:
1545:
1529:
1259:
1070:
1051:
3938:
2551:
2536:"Diversity of Dopaminergic Neural Circuits in Response to Drug Exposure"
2502:
6636:
5868:
5777:
5769:
4993:
4556:
4198:
4188:
2831:
2296:
1517:
1381:
1362:
1037:
992:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
6031:
5371:
5273:
5043:
4823:
4775:
4235:
1895:
1785:
1777:
1626:
1598:
1521:
1461:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1243:
947:
3955:
3088:
1732:. The gene is associated with allelic variants. The best-studied is
3155:
6405:
6229:
5750:
5383:
5247:
4032:-methyltransferase, cognition, and psychosis: ValMet and beyond".
2616:"Orientation and cellular distribution of membrane-bound catechol-
2590:-Methyltransferase and the Clinical Applications of its Inhibitors
1651:
910:
906:
4537:
4028:
Tunbridge EM, Harrison PJ, Weinberger DR (July 2006). "Catechol-
3843:-methyltransferase in the treatment of neurological disorders".
1939:
and related digestive disorders restricts the use of tolcapone.
1885:
1556:
1369:
166:
5307:
5016:
4627:
4208:
620:
6155:
3466:"Cannabis and smoking gene links to schizophrenia 'unfounded'"
2762:
Gold MS, Blum K, Oscar-Berman M, Braverman ER (January 2014).
3792:-methyltransferase and its inhibitors in Parkinson's disease"
3786:
Bonifácio MJ, Palma PN, Almeida L, Soares-da-Silva P (2007).
2074:
Flower R, Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM (2007). "Figure 11-4".
4183:
Overview of all the structural information available in the
2107:. Student consult (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.
2099:
Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G (2011).
6466:
5356:
1831:
rs4680 was found to be associated with depressed factor of
5012:
2427:
Diaz-Asper CM, Weinberger DR, Goldberg TE (January 2006).
1578:-methyltransferase is involved in the inactivation of the
2865:"Genetics of psychosis in Alzheimer's disease: a review"
2139:. Mayo Clinic: Mayo Medical Laboratories. Archived from
422:
791:
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
6436:
3136:"Functional analysis of genetic variation in catechol-
6735:
6577:
6205:
2999:
Munafò MR, Bowes L, Clark TG, Flint J (August 2005).
2733:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health.
1931:. All except nitecapone are used in the treatment of
1708:(In the PFC, dopamine is also removed by presynaptic
886:
positive regulation of homocysteine metabolic process
587:
3845:
Central
Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
3617:
1819:. It has been proposed that an inherited variant of
6645:
6575:
6507:
6498:
6464:
6434:
6384:
6363:
6203:
6153:
6085:
6083:
6010:
5970:
5944:
5468:
5354:
5347:
5199:
5163:
5132:
5101:
5050:
4988:
4938:
4922:
4903:
4878:
4855:
4832:
4813:
4763:
4735:
4710:
4679:
4666:
4588:
4568:
4555:
4520:
4471:
4447:
4427:
4414:
4373:
4334:
4317:
4288:
4268:
4255:
4246:
1772:(a common normal variant) of the gene for catechol-
1744:that have been studied, e.g., for association with
1472:
1460:
1448:
1443:
1423:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1298:
1289:
1196:
1159:
1125:
1088:
2365:"Chapter 5: Neurotransmitters and their receptors"
2078:(6th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
2017:
2015:
2013:
1996:
1994:
1992:
5972:
826:negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process
369:
268:
4847:3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase
2809:
2807:
1752:medications, and psychosis risk associated with
1601:group to the catecholamine, which is donated by
6509:
3888:Amine Oxidases and Their Impact on Neurobiology
3652:
3650:
3648:
3552:
3550:
2480:
2478:
2476:
6386:
6160:Tooltip Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
5489:
4069:Craddock N, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC (May 2006).
2166:-methyltransferase gene to 22q11.1----q11.2".
2022:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000326
1622:Specific reactions catalyzed by COMT include:
816:catechol-containing compound metabolic process
5319:
5028:
4801:Cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase
4639:
4220:
3708:CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
3698:Montag C, Jurkiewicz M, Reuter M (May 2012).
3321:"Daniel R. Weinberger to Give Milder Lecture"
2816:"Pharmacogenetics of antidepressant response"
2394:CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
2205:-methyltransferase and Parkinson's disease".
1552:-methyltransferase protein is encoded by the
876:negative regulation of renal sodium excretion
786:multicellular organismal reproductive process
8:
6012:
4702:Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
4197:(Human Catechol O-methyltransferase) at the
3892:Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementum
2724:
2722:
1544:, and various drugs and substances having a
6471:Tooltip Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase
5361:Tooltip Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
4865:Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
4771:Phosphatidyl ethanolamine methyltransferase
2001:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000093010
1498:-methyltransferase is shown in green boxes.
6504:
6381:
5967:
5498:
5479:
5351:
5326:
5312:
5304:
5035:
5021:
5013:
4966:3-hydroxymethylcephem carbamoyltransferase
4919:
4829:
4676:
4646:
4632:
4624:
4565:
4424:
4331:
4265:
4252:
4227:
4213:
4205:
1804:The gene variant has been shown to affect
1440:
921:
636:
410:
309:
206:
76:
5470:
4176:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
4139:
4129:
4086:
3815:
3727:
3674:
3628:
3522:
3446:
3163:
3016:
2888:
2839:
2787:
2699:
2689:
2645:
2635:
2559:
2510:
2456:
2201:Tai CH, Wu RM (February 2002). "catechol-
811:cellular response to phosphate starvation
153:, HEL-S-98n, catechol-O-methyltransferase
2820:Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience
1847:The COMT ValMet polymorphism also has a
1489:
801:regulation of sensory perception of pain
770:intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
6778:O-methylated natural phenols metabolism
6742:
6647:
3331:(20): 3. 7 October 2005. Archived from
2371:. Oxford University Press. p. 75.
1988:
1971:
6441:Tooltip Serotonin N-acetyl transferase
4976:N-acetylornithine carbamoyltransferase
4745:Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase
4692:Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
4365:Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
3559:"The impact of the Val158Met catechol-
1835:(PANSS) and efficiency of emotion in
1728:The COMT protein is coded by the gene
1286:
31:
6582:Tooltip Histamine N-methyltransferase
6210:Tooltip Catechol-O-methyl transferase
3954:Oroszi G, Goldman D (December 2004).
2863:DeMichele-Sweet MA, Sweet RA (2010).
1494:Norepinephrine degradation. Catechol-
679:catechol O-methyltransferase activity
374:
335:
330:
273:
232:
227:
7:
4930:methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase
2729:Golan DE, Tashjian AH (2011-12-15).
1855:. When 621 women were measured with
1842:Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis
1833:Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
694:orcinol O-methyltransferase activity
6090:Tooltip Dopamine beta-monooxygenase
5002:Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
4722:Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase
4718:5-hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase
4508:Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase
2624:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2534:Juarez B, Han MH (September 2016).
1871:Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
1866:Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
796:response to organic cyclic compound
689:L-dopa O-methyltransferase activity
3956:"Alcoholism: genes and mechanisms"
3279:The American Journal of Psychiatry
3144:American Journal of Human Genetics
2958:The American Journal of Psychiatry
1784:mutation at position 158 (ValMet)
1193:
1156:
1122:
1085:
1061:
1042:
1016:
997:
971:
952:
846:neurotransmitter catabolic process
592:
510:
448:
427:
25:
5977:Tooltip Phenylalanine hydroxylase
3857:10.2174/1871524913666140109113341
3435:The British Journal of Psychiatry
6745:
4886:Glutamate formimidoyltransferase
4503:Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
3808:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2007.00020.x
3765:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2010.02074.x
3464:Davenport L (16 November 2007).
1974:
1888:that codes for this enzyme. The
1776:-methyltransferase results in a
610:
603:
596:
358:
351:
345:
322:
257:
250:
244:
219:
40:
6514:Tooltip Histidine decarboxylase
4961:Putrescine carbamoyltransferase
4842:Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
3894:. Vol. 32. pp. 3–18.
1548:structure. In humans, catechol-
891:catecholamine catabolic process
841:catecholamine metabolic process
6391:Tooltip Tryptophan hydroxylase
6171:Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
6105:Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
5530:Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
5494:Tooltip Aldehyde dehydrogenase
4951:Ornithine carbamoyltransferase
4946:Aspartate carbamoyltransferase
4870:Inosine monophosphate synthase
4750:Homocysteine methyltransferase
4046:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.024
4005:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.018
3753:Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
3400:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.026
3205:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.010
3058:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.018
2869:Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
2593:. Academic Press. p. 34.
2105:Rang & Dale's Pharmacology
2076:Rang & Dale's pharmacology
1829:single-nucleotide polymorphism
1770:single-nucleotide polymorphism
1680:Dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol
851:response to lipopolysaccharide
715:integral component of membrane
621:More reference expression data
576:More reference expression data
1:
6717:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
6697:Receptor/signaling modulators
4727:Catechol-O-methyl transferase
4687:Histamine N-methyltransferase
4385:Catechol-O-methyl transferase
4300:Histamine N-methyltransferase
3360:10.1126/science.302.5653.2039
343:
242:
18:Catechol-O-methyl transferase
6768:Genes on human chromosome 22
6017:Tooltip Tyrosine hydroxylase
4956:Oxamate carbamoyltransferase
4796:Thiopurine methyltransferase
4459:4-aminobutyrate transaminase
4174:Catechol+O-Methyltransferase
3927:Histology and Histopathology
3515:10.1097/YPG.0000000000000258
2926:10.1016/j.schres.2009.02.019
2491:The Pharmacogenomics Journal
2334:10.1212/WNL.50.5_Suppl_5.S26
2262:10.1126/science.126.3270.400
2180:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90316-K
2133:-Methyltransferase Genotype"
1857:experience sample monitoring
659:O-methyltransferase activity
6677:Pimagedine (aminoguanidine)
6547:Alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine
4971:Lysine carbamoyltransferase
4657:: one carbon transferases (
3900:10.1007/978-3-7091-9113-2_1
3248:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.007
2485:Schacht JP (October 2016).
2137:mayomedicallaboratories.com
1710:norepinephrine transporters
1597:). The enzyme introduces a
1528:(neurotransmitters such as
468:stromal cell of endometrium
6799:
6721:Monoamine releasing agents
5487:Substrates→Products (with
3720:10.2174/187152712800672382
3700:"The role of the catechol-
3291:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.125
2970:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.3.469
2731:Principles of pharmacology
2586:Basic Aspects of Catechol-
2449:10.1016/j.nurx.2005.12.010
2406:10.2174/187152712800672481
2369:The Central Nervous System
1690:3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid
1684:methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol
881:dopamine catabolic process
861:dopamine metabolic process
806:estrogen metabolic process
684:methyltransferase activity
6689:
5835:
5710:
5482:
5475:Tooltip Monoamine oxidase
5191:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
4781:Histone methyltransferase
4697:Amine N-methyltransferase
4580:Choline acetyltransferase
4498:-amino acid decarboxylase
4360:Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
4355:-amino acid decarboxylase
3972:10.1517/14622416.5.8.1037
3630:10.1017/S1461145708009395
3582:10.1017/S0033291710001431
3448:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.036129
3354:(5653): 2039–2045. 2003.
3105:10.1007/s00213-004-1938-z
2603:– via Google books.
2129:"Test ID: COMT: Catechol-
2057:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
2039:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1884:is the name given to the
1808:tasks broadly related to
1439:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1258:
1242:
1223:
1200:
1163:
1152:
1129:
1092:
1081:
1068:
1064:
1049:
1045:
1036:
1023:
1019:
1004:
1000:
991:
978:
974:
959:
955:
946:
931:
924:
920:
904:
639:
635:
618:
595:
586:
573:
522:
513:
460:
451:
421:
413:
409:
392:
379:
342:
321:
312:
308:
291:
278:
241:
218:
209:
205:
160:
157:
147:
140:
135:
84:
79:
62:
57:
52:
48:
39:
34:
6175:Epinephrine (adrenaline)
5508:Epinephrine (adrenaline)
5083:Diffusion-limited enzyme
4834:Hydroxymethyltransferase
4178:Medical Subject Headings
2780:10.3810/pgm.2014.01.2735
2691:10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00142
2583:Nissinen E, ed. (2010).
1236:Chr 16: 18.23 – 18.25 Mb
1229:Chr 22: 19.94 – 19.97 Mb
6652:Tooltip Diamine oxidase
4439:Glutamate decarboxylase
4280:Histidine decarboxylase
4159:New York Times Magazine
4131:10.1073/pnas.0706111104
3663:Neuropsychopharmacology
2678:Frontiers in Psychiatry
2637:10.1074/jbc.M111.262790
2540:Neuropsychopharmacology
2291:(11 Suppl 3): P25–P34.
1894:in the name stands for
6552:Histidine methyl ester
4891:Aminomethyltransferase
4489:Tryptophan hydroxylase
3676:10.1038/sj.npp.1301520
3570:Psychological Medicine
2914:Schizophrenia Research
2328:(5 Suppl 5): S26–S30.
1712:(NET) and degraded by
1499:
6725:Monoamine neurotoxins
6667:Imidazole acetic acid
5176:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
5109:Allosteric regulation
4791:DNA methyltransferase
4608:Butyrylcholinesterase
4534:Nitric oxide synthase
4088:10.1038/sj.mp.4001808
4034:Biological Psychiatry
3993:Biological Psychiatry
3388:Biological Psychiatry
3193:Biological Psychiatry
3046:Biological Psychiatry
3018:10.1038/sj.mp.4001664
2881:10.3233/JAD-2010-1274
2768:Postgraduate Medicine
2143:on September 18, 2008
1853:subjective well-being
1694:vanillylmandelic acid
1603:S-adenosyl methionine
1493:
831:developmental process
765:extracellular exosome
730:postsynaptic membrane
674:magnesium ion binding
376:16 A3|16 11.4 cM
337:Chromosome 16 (mouse)
235:Chromosome 22 (human)
6660:Substrates→Products:
6590:Substrates→Products:
6522:Substrates→Products:
6479:Substrates→Products:
6449:Substrates→Products:
6399:Substrates→Products:
6218:Substrates→Products:
6168:Substrates→Products:
6098:Substrates→Products:
6025:Substrates→Products:
6002:3,4-Dihydroxystyrene
5985:Substrates→Products:
5369:Substrates→Products:
5186:Lineweaver–Burk plot
4786:Thymidylate synthase
4604:Acetylcholinesterase
4346:Tyrosine hydroxylase
4075:Molecular Psychiatry
3503:Psychiatric Genetics
3005:Molecular Psychiatry
2318:
2285:Journal of Neurology
1702:dopamine transporter
1520:) is one of several
896:response to estrogen
654:transferase activity
558:striatum of neuraxis
526:white adipose tissue
464:right adrenal cortex
80:List of PDB id codes
53:Available structures
6140:Phenopicolinic acid
5864:Desmethylselegiline
4755:Methionine synthase
4122:2007PNAS..10416311F
4116:(41): 16311–16316.
3939:10.14670/HH-17.1283
3236:Brain and Cognition
2630:(40): 34752–34760.
2552:10.1038/npp.2016.32
2503:10.1038/tpj.2016.43
2254:1957Sci...126..400A
2207:Acta Medica Okayama
1933:Parkinson's disease
1764:ValMet polymorphism
1754:Alzheimer's disease
1704:(DAT), such as the
1617:Parkinson's disease
500:mucosa of esophagus
492:right lobe of liver
480:left adrenal cortex
6316:2-Hydroxyestradiol
6297:4-Methoxyestradiol
6293:4-Hydroxyestradiol
6279:2-Methoxyestradiol
6275:2-Hydroxyestradiol
6045:2-Hydroxyestradiol
5145:Enzyme superfamily
5078:Enzyme promiscuity
3476:on 5 November 2012
3346:"The Runners-Up".
3093:Psychopharmacology
2832:10.1503/jpn.100059
2297:10.1007/PL00007743
2219:10.18926/AMO/31725
1962:-methyltransferase
1810:executive function
1746:personality traits
1724:Genetics in humans
1507:-methyltransferase
1500:
1294:-methyltransferase
1026:ENSMUSG00000000326
779:Biological process
703:Cellular component
647:Molecular function
472:left adrenal gland
6733:
6732:
6728:
6685:
6684:
6597:N-Methylhistamine
6527:
6494:
6493:
6482:N-Acetylserotonin
6456:N-Acetylserotonin
6426:Telotristat ethyl
6421:Fenclonine (PCPA)
6378:
6359:
6358:
6234:Homovanillic acid
6225:3-Methoxytyramine
6034:
5964:
5940:
5939:
5936:
5935:
5917:
5858:
5786:tetrahydroharmine
5766:Harmala alkaloids
5561:3-Methoxytyramine
5416:
5395:
5374:
5301:
5300:
5010:
5009:
4984:
4983:
4899:
4898:
4857:Formyltransferase
4809:
4808:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4516:
4515:
4497:
4467:
4466:
4410:
4409:
4390:Monoamine oxidase
4354:
4313:
4312:
4240:neurotransmission
3909:978-3-211-82239-5
3669:(13): 3030–3036.
3394:(10): 1117–1127.
2740:978-1-60831-270-2
2600:978-0-12-381327-5
2546:(10): 2424–2446.
2378:978-0-19-022896-5
2363:Brodal P (2016).
2248:(3270): 400–401.
2114:978-0-7020-4504-2
2085:978-0-443-06911-6
1968:Additional images
1827:A non-synonymous
1714:monoamine oxidase
1706:prefrontal cortex
1656:homovanillic acid
1647:3-methoxytyramine
1629:
1583:neurotransmitters
1542:catecholestrogens
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1387:metabolic pathway
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1254:
1253:
1219:
1218:
1190:
1189:
1148:
1147:
1119:
1118:
1077:
1076:
1058:
1057:
1032:
1031:
1013:
1012:
987:
986:
968:
967:
916:
915:
871:short-term memory
664:metal ion binding
631:
630:
627:
626:
582:
581:
569:
568:
507:
506:
488:mucosa of pharynx
405:
404:
304:
303:
131:
130:
127:
126:
63:Ortholog search:
16:(Redirected from
6790:
6750:
6749:
6741:
6691:
6653:
6649:
6583:
6579:
6525:
6515:
6511:
6505:
6472:
6468:
6442:
6438:
6392:
6388:
6382:
6368:
6321:2-Hydroxyestrone
6306:4-Methoxyestrone
6302:4-Hydroxyestrone
6288:2-Methoxyestrone
6284:2-Hydroxyestrone
6211:
6207:
6161:
6157:
6091:
6087:
6050:2-Hydroxyestrone
6035:-DOPA (levodopa)
6032:
6018:
6014:
5978:
5974:
5968:
5949:
5915:
5856:
5843:MAO-B selective:
5718:MAO-A-selective:
5682:Phenoxypropazine
5504:
5500:
5495:
5491:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5414:
5393:
5375:-DOPA (levodopa)
5372:
5362:
5358:
5352:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5305:
5181:Hanes–Woolf plot
5124:Enzyme activator
5119:Enzyme inhibitor
5093:Enzyme catalysis
5037:
5030:
5023:
5014:
4920:
4830:
4677:
4648:
4641:
4634:
4625:
4593:
4573:
4566:
4495:
4452:
4432:
4425:
4378:
4352:
4339:
4332:
4293:
4273:
4266:
4253:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4206:
4162:
4153:
4143:
4133:
4100:
4090:
4065:
4024:
3983:
3966:(8): 1037–1048.
3960:Pharmacogenomics
3950:
3933:(4): 1283–1291.
3921:
3873:
3872:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3819:
3796:CNS Drug Reviews
3783:
3777:
3776:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3731:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3678:
3654:
3643:
3642:
3632:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3567:
3554:
3545:
3544:
3526:
3494:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3472:. Archived from
3460:
3450:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3167:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3099:(1–2): 178–184.
3084:
3078:
3077:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3020:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2920:(1–3): 140–148.
2909:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2811:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2726:
2717:
2716:
2703:
2693:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2649:
2639:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2514:
2482:
2471:
2470:
2460:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2316:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2035:
2029:
2019:
2008:
1998:
1978:
1788:. In vitro, the
1627:
1441:
1287:
1267:
1266:
1238:
1231:
1214:
1194:
1185:
1157:
1153:RefSeq (protein)
1143:
1123:
1114:
1086:
1062:
1043:
1017:
998:
972:
953:
922:
866:response to pain
821:female pregnancy
637:
623:
614:
607:
600:
593:
578:
518:
516:Top expressed in
511:
456:
454:Top expressed in
449:
428:
411:
401:
388:
377:
362:
355:
349:
338:
326:
310:
300:
287:
276:
261:
254:
248:
237:
223:
207:
201:
199:COMT - orthologs
152:
145:
122:
77:
71:
50:
49:
44:
32:
29:Class of enzymes
21:
6798:
6797:
6793:
6792:
6791:
6789:
6788:
6787:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6744:
6736:
6734:
6729:
6681:
6651:
6641:
6612:Diphenhydramine
6581:
6571:
6513:
6490:
6470:
6460:
6440:
6430:
6390:
6367:
6355:
6243:Normetanephrine
6209:
6199:
6159:
6149:
6089:
6079:
6016:
6006:
5976:
5959:
5948:
5946:Phenethylamines
5932:
5831:
5706:
5702:Tranylcypromine
5539:Normetanephrine
5502:
5493:
5474:
5464:
5360:
5343:
5332:
5302:
5297:
5209:Oxidoreductases
5195:
5171:Enzyme kinetics
5159:
5155:List of enzymes
5128:
5097:
5068:Catalytic triad
5046:
5041:
5011:
5006:
4980:
4934:
4912:
4895:
4874:
4851:
4822:
4805:
4759:
4731:
4706:
4662:
4652:
4622:
4613:
4589:
4584:
4569:
4551:
4512:
4463:
4448:
4443:
4428:
4406:
4374:
4369:
4335:
4309:
4305:Diamine oxidase
4289:
4284:
4269:
4242:
4233:
4170:
4165:
4156:
4103:
4068:
4027:
3986:
3953:
3924:
3910:
3885:
3881:
3879:Further reading
3876:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3656:
3655:
3646:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3565:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3479:
3477:
3463:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3335:on 22 May 2015.
3319:
3318:
3314:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3199:(11): 901–907.
3186:
3185:
3181:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3039:
3038:
3034:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2813:
2812:
2805:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2741:
2728:
2727:
2720:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2484:
2483:
2474:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2319:
2317:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2086:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2020:
2011:
1999:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1970:
1945:
1913:COMT inhibitors
1910:
1908:COMT inhibitors
1879:
1868:
1766:
1726:
1666:normetanephrine
1572:
1276:View/Edit Mouse
1271:View/Edit Human
1234:
1227:
1224:Location (UCSC)
1210:
1206:
1202:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1007:ENSG00000093010
900:
774:
745:dendritic spine
740:plasma membrane
698:
669:protein binding
619:
609:
608:
602:
601:
574:
565:
560:
556:
552:
550:urinary bladder
548:
544:
540:
536:
534:proximal tubule
532:
528:
514:
503:
498:
496:corpus callosum
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
452:
396:
383:
375:
365:
364:
363:
356:
336:
313:Gene location (
295:
282:
274:
264:
263:
262:
255:
233:
210:Gene location (
161:
148:
141:
86:
64:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6796:
6794:
6786:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6760:
6759:
6755:
6754:
6731:
6730:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6679:
6670:
6669:
6656:
6654:
6643:
6642:
6640:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6600:
6599:
6586:
6584:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6535:
6534:
6518:
6516:
6502:
6496:
6495:
6492:
6491:
6489:
6488:
6475:
6473:
6462:
6461:
6459:
6458:
6445:
6443:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6409:
6408:
6395:
6393:
6379:
6361:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6309:
6308:
6299:
6290:
6281:
6272:
6263:
6254:
6245:
6239:Norepinephrine
6236:
6227:
6214:
6212:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6178:
6177:
6164:
6162:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6108:
6107:
6094:
6092:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6055:3-Iodotyrosine
6052:
6047:
6038:
6037:
6021:
6019:
6008:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5995:
5994:
5981:
5979:
5965:
5961:norepinephrine
5942:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5853:
5848:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5792:Methylene blue
5789:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5751:CX157 (Tyrima)
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:Non-selective:
5577:
5576:
5567:
5558:
5549:
5536:
5527:
5514:
5483:
5477:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5433:
5432:
5423:
5411:
5409:Phenethylamine
5402:
5390:
5381:
5365:
5363:
5349:
5345:
5344:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5308:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5282:
5269:
5256:
5243:
5230:
5217:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5136:
5134:
5133:Classification
5130:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5040:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5017:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4998:
4996:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4942:
4940:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4926:
4924:
4917:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4861:
4859:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4849:
4844:
4838:
4836:
4827:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4664:
4663:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4600:Cholinesterase
4596:
4594:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4576:
4574:
4563:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4530:
4528:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4491:
4485:
4483:
4469:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4435:
4433:
4422:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4397:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4329:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4276:
4274:
4263:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4181:
4169:
4168:External links
4166:
4164:
4163:
4154:
4101:
4081:(5): 446–458.
4066:
4040:(2): 141–151.
4025:
3999:(2): 139–144.
3984:
3951:
3922:
3908:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3851:(3): 166–194.
3831:
3802:(3): 352–379.
3778:
3759:(6): 391–410.
3743:
3714:(3): 236–250.
3690:
3644:
3623:(3): 371–381.
3603:
3576:(4): 779–788.
3546:
3509:(5): 125–135.
3489:
3487:
3486:
3441:(5): 402–407.
3421:
3373:
3338:
3312:
3285:(1): 125–132.
3269:
3242:(3): 362–368.
3226:
3179:
3156:10.1086/425589
3150:(5): 807–821.
3126:
3079:
3052:(2): 139–144.
3032:
3011:(8): 765–770.
2991:
2964:(3): 469–476.
2947:
2904:
2875:(3): 761–780.
2855:
2803:
2774:(1): 153–177.
2754:
2739:
2718:
2664:
2606:
2599:
2575:
2526:
2497:(5): 430–438.
2472:
2419:
2400:(3): 209–221.
2384:
2377:
2355:
2275:
2232:
2193:
2174:(4): 822–825.
2154:
2120:
2113:
2091:
2084:
2066:
2048:
2030:
2009:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1941:
1937:liver toxicity
1909:
1906:
1878:
1875:
1867:
1864:
1765:
1762:
1750:antidepressant
1748:, response to
1725:
1722:
1698:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1668:
1662:Norepinephrine
1659:
1649:
1640:
1595:norepinephrine
1571:
1568:
1564:Julius Axelrod
1538:norepinephrine
1526:catecholamines
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1127:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1002:
1001:
995:
989:
988:
985:
984:
976:
975:
969:
966:
965:
957:
956:
950:
944:
943:
938:
933:
929:
928:
918:
917:
914:
913:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
782:
780:
776:
775:
773:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
704:
700:
699:
697:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
650:
648:
644:
643:
633:
632:
629:
628:
625:
624:
616:
615:
590:
584:
583:
580:
579:
571:
570:
567:
566:
564:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
520:
519:
508:
505:
504:
502:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:olfactory bulb
473:
469:
465:
461:
458:
457:
445:
444:
436:
425:
419:
418:
415:RNA expression
407:
406:
403:
402:
394:
390:
389:
381:
378:
373:
367:
366:
357:
350:
344:
340:
339:
334:
328:
327:
319:
318:
306:
305:
302:
301:
293:
289:
288:
280:
277:
272:
266:
265:
256:
249:
243:
239:
238:
231:
225:
224:
216:
215:
203:
202:
159:
155:
154:
146:
138:
137:
133:
132:
129:
128:
125:
124:
82:
81:
73:
72:
61:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6795:
6784:
6783:O-methylation
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6739:
6727:
6726:
6722:
6718:
6714:
6713:Serotonergics
6710:
6709:Melatonergics
6706:
6705:Dopaminergics
6702:
6698:
6695:
6688:
6678:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6668:
6664:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6650:
6644:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6598:
6594:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6533:
6529:
6523:
6520:
6519:
6517:
6512:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6487:
6483:
6480:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6469:
6463:
6457:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6439:
6433:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6411:
6410:
6407:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6389:
6383:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6366:
6362:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6307:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6222:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6208:
6202:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6176:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6158:
6152:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6109:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6088:
6082:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6015:
6009:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5993:
5989:
5988:Phenylalanine
5986:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5975:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5957:
5953:
5947:
5943:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5834:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5652:Metfendrazine
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5632:Isocarboxazid
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5597:Echinopsidine
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5575:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5522:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5501:
5492:
5485:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5473:
5467:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5418:
5412:
5410:
5406:
5405:Phenylalanine
5403:
5401:
5397:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5376:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5359:
5353:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5322:
5317:
5315:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5293:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5280:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5267:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5249:
5244:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5218:
5215:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5198:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5162:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5150:Enzyme family
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5114:Cooperativity
5112:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5073:Oxyanion hole
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5038:
5033:
5031:
5026:
5024:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4877:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4826:- and Related
4825:
4820:
4819:Hydroxymethyl
4816:
4812:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4649:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4561:Acetylcholine
4558:
4554:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4230:
4225:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4167:
4160:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3835:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3791:
3782:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3703:
3694:
3691:
3686:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3607:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3564:
3562:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3493:
3490:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3377:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3342:
3339:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3183:
3180:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3130:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3083:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2992:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2951:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2859:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2826:(2): 87–113.
2825:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2732:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2443:(1): 97–105.
2442:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2423:
2420:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2359:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2124:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2101:"Figure 14.4"
2095:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1954:Schizophrenia
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1837:schizophrenia
1834:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1817:schizophrenia
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1799:frontal lobes
1795:
1794:overexpressed
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:A functional
1763:
1761:
1759:
1758:meta-analyses
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1736:. Others are
1735:
1731:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1632:(levodopa) →
1631:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:catecholamine
1577:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1524:that degrade
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1497:
1492:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:Gene Ontology
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1363:NiceZyme view
1361:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1082:RefSeq (mRNA)
1080:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
990:
983:
982:
977:
973:
970:
964:
963:
958:
954:
951:
949:
945:
942:
939:
937:
934:
930:
927:
923:
919:
912:
908:
903:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
783:
781:
778:
777:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
760:mitochondrion
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
705:
702:
701:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
651:
649:
646:
645:
642:
641:Gene ontology
638:
634:
622:
617:
613:
606:
599:
594:
591:
589:
585:
577:
572:
561:
557:
553:
549:
546:adrenal gland
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
524:
521:
517:
512:
509:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
462:
459:
455:
450:
447:
446:
443:
441:
437:
435:
434:
430:
429:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
400:
395:
391:
387:
382:
372:
368:
361:
354:
348:
341:
333:
329:
325:
320:
316:
311:
307:
299:
294:
290:
286:
281:
271:
267:
260:
253:
247:
240:
236:
230:
226:
222:
217:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
156:
151:
144:
139:
134:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
83:
78:
75:
74:
70:
67:
60:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
6693:
6692:
6673:
6659:
6603:
6589:
6567:Tritoqualine
6538:
6521:
6478:
6448:
6412:
6398:
6346:Quinalizarin
6331:Neluxicapone
6312:
6252:Metanephrine
6217:
6181:
6167:
6130:Fusaric acid
6111:
6097:
6065:Bulbocapnine
6041:
6024:
5998:
5984:
5928:Tisolagiline
5923:Sembragiline
5914:Selegiline (
5842:
5839:
5817:Sercloremine
5797:Metralindole
5717:
5714:
5692:Procarbazine
5687:Pivhydrazine
5677:Pheniprazine
5602:Furazolidone
5583:
5580:
5517:Metanephrine
5486:
5436:
5368:
5348:Non-specific
5287:Translocases
5284:
5271:
5258:
5245:
5232:
5222:Transferases
5219:
5206:
5063:Binding site
4737:Homocysteine
4590:
4570:
4449:
4429:
4375:
4336:
4290:
4270:
4238:involved in
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3662:
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3606:
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3569:
3560:
3506:
3502:
3492:
3478:. Retrieved
3474:the original
3469:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3351:
3347:
3341:
3333:the original
3328:
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2235:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2147:November 16,
2145:. Retrieved
2141:the original
2136:
2130:
2123:
2104:
2094:
2075:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2033:
1959:
1911:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1877:Nomenclature
1869:
1861:
1846:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1803:
1773:
1767:
1729:
1727:
1718:
1699:
1675:metanephrine
1635:
1621:
1607:
1575:
1573:
1553:
1549:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1351:BRENDA entry
1291:
1208:NP_001104533
1204:NP_001104532
1201:
1183:NP_001349757
1175:NP_001128634
1171:NP_001128633
1164:
1137:NM_001111063
1133:NM_001111062
1130:
1112:NM_001362828
1104:NM_001135162
1100:NM_001135161
1093:
1069:
1050:
1024:
1005:
979:
960:
940:
935:
542:human kidney
530:right kidney
438:
431:
158:External IDs
85:
26:
6701:Adrenergics
6674:Inhibitors:
6607:Amodiaquine
6604:Inhibitors:
6539:Inhibitors:
6413:Inhibitors:
6365:Tryptamines
6313:Inhibitors:
6248:Epinephrine
6182:Inhibitors:
6112:Inhibitors:
6060:Aquayamycin
6042:Inhibitors:
5999:Inhibitors:
5956:epinephrine
5846:Adarigiline
5840:Inhibitors:
5807:Moclobemide
5736:Brofaromine
5731:Befloxatone
5726:Bazinaprine
5715:Inhibitors:
5622:Iproclozide
5612:Hydralazine
5581:Inhibitors:
5503:Tooltip ALR
5440:Benserazide
5437:Inhibitors:
5058:Active site
4655:Transferase
4591:catabolism:
4450:catabolism:
4376:catabolism:
4327:epinephrine
4291:catabolism:
3470:MedWireNews
1849:pleiotropic
1671:Epinephrine
1638:-methyldopa
1591:epinephrine
1534:epinephrine
1339:IntEnz view
1299:Identifiers
856:methylation
397:18,245,602
384:18,225,636
296:19,969,975
283:19,941,371
136:Identifiers
6762:Categories
6627:Quinacrine
6562:Naringenin
6557:Meciadanol
6528:-Histidine
6402:Tryptophan
6336:Nitecapone
6326:Entacapone
6185:CGS-19281A
6135:Nepicastat
6120:Disulfiram
6115:Bupicomide
6070:Metirosine
5918:-Deprenyl)
5909:Safinamide
5904:Rasagiline
5889:Mofegiline
5884:Milacemide
5879:Lazabemide
5874:Ladostigil
5851:Almoxatone
5827:Toloxatone
5822:Tetrindole
5812:Pirlindole
5756:Eprobemide
5746:Clorgiline
5741:Cimoxatone
5721:Amiflamine
5672:Phenelzine
5667:Paraxazone
5647:Mebanazine
5627:Iproniazid
5617:Indantadol
5607:Guineesine
5592:Caroxazone
5460:Methyldopa
5430:Tryptamine
5426:Tryptophan
5396:-Histidine
5341:modulators
5338:metabolism
5261:Isomerases
5235:Hydrolases
5102:Regulation
4571:anabolism:
4473:tryptophan
4430:anabolism:
4337:anabolism:
4271:anabolism:
3788:"catechol-
3325:NIH Record
2429:"catechol-
2213:(1): 1–6.
2028:, May 2017
2007:, May 2017
1984:References
1935:. Risk of
1929:nitecapone
1917:entacapone
1898:, not for
1790:homozygous
1782:methionine
1682:(DOPEG) →
1613:entacapone
1561:biochemist
1408:structures
1375:KEGG entry
1322:9012-25-3
484:C1 segment
442:(ortholog)
179:HomoloGene
6694:See also:
6663:Histamine
6632:SKF-91488
6622:Metoprine
6617:Harmaline
6593:Histamine
6532:Histamine
6500:Histamine
6486:Melatonin
6452:Serotonin
6375:melatonin
6371:serotonin
6351:Tolcapone
6341:Opicapone
6190:SKF-64139
6145:Tropolone
5899:Pargyline
5859:-Deprenyl
5802:Minaprine
5782:norharman
5774:harmaline
5697:Safrazine
5662:Octamoxin
5657:Nialamide
5642:Linezolid
5637:Isoniazid
5570:Serotonin
5455:Genistein
5445:Carbidopa
5417:-Tyrosine
5400:Histamine
5388:Serotonin
5335:Monoamine
5140:EC number
4939:Carbamoyl
4915:Carbamoyl
4494:Aromatic
4481:melatonin
4477:serotonin
4416:glutamate
4351:Aromatic
4261:histamine
4257:histidine
4248:monoamine
3598:206251638
3541:221718209
3382:catechol-
3368:220088635
2749:705260923
2322:Neurology
1925:opicapone
1921:tolcapone
1806:cognitive
1692:(DOMA) →
1574:Catechol-
1566:in 1957.
1503:Catechol-
1328:Databases
1290:catechol-
1212:NP_031770
1179:NP_009294
1167:NP_000745
1141:NM_007744
1108:NM_007310
1096:NM_000754
926:Orthologs
720:cell body
710:cytoplasm
187:GeneCards
6773:EC 2.1.1
6542:Catechin
6416:AGN-2979
6221:Dopamine
6195:SKF-7698
6125:Dopastin
6101:Dopamine
6075:Oudenone
6028:Tyrosine
5992:Tyrosine
5952:dopamine
5894:Nicotine
5761:Esuprone
5587:Benmoxin
5552:Dopamine
5421:Tyramine
5379:Dopamine
5164:Kinetics
5088:Cofactor
5051:Activity
4522:arginine
4323:dopamine
4319:tyrosine
4150:17913879
4097:16505837
4062:45705154
4054:16476412
4021:23416733
4013:15652872
3980:15584875
3947:12371153
3865:24450388
3826:17894650
3773:20337865
3738:22483293
3685:17687265
3639:18796186
3590:20667170
3533:32931693
3524:10111058
3457:17978319
3416:39405111
3408:15866551
3299:14702260
3264:14587250
3256:19628325
3221:17902043
3213:16043133
3174:15457404
3121:33013401
3113:15290009
3074:23416733
3066:15652872
3027:15824744
2986:25352000
2978:12611827
2942:22875066
2934:19329282
2899:20157235
2850:21172166
2798:24393762
2710:21423451
2656:21846718
2570:26934955
2521:27241058
2467:16490416
2414:22483296
2350:32448444
2313:26793445
2270:13467217
2227:11873938
2168:Genomics
2024:–
2003:–
1949:Dopamine
1943:See also
1915:include
1742:rs165599
1738:rs737865
1643:Dopamine
1609:Levodopa
1587:dopamine
1570:Function
1546:catechol
1530:dopamine
1479:proteins
1467:articles
1455:articles
1412:RCSB PDB
1260:Wikidata
905:Sources:
836:learning
755:dendrite
735:membrane
562:duodenum
275:22q11.21
6752:Biology
6637:Tacrine
5869:Ethanol
5770:harmine
5768:(e.g.,
5274:Ligases
5044:Enzymes
4994:Amidine
4923:Carboxy
4909:Carboxy
4672:Methyl-
4557:choline
4236:Enzymes
4199:PDBe-KB
4189:UniProt
4141:2042203
4118:Bibcode
3918:2089098
3817:6494163
3729:4345409
3348:Science
3307:2341627
3165:1182110
2890:2942073
2841:3044192
2789:4074363
2701:3059651
2684:: 142.
2647:3186432
2561:4987841
2512:5028240
2458:3593358
2437:NeuroRx
2342:9591519
2305:9808337
2250:Bibcode
2242:Science
2188:1572656
2026:Ensembl
2005:Ensembl
1686:(MOPEG)
1654:→ HVA (
1522:enzymes
1518:2.1.1.6
1434:QuickGO
1399:profile
1382:MetaCyc
1317:CAS no.
1310:2.1.1.6
1038:UniProt
993:Ensembl
932:Species
911:QuickGO
725:cytosol
417:pattern
143:Aliases
6738:Portal
5778:harman
5574:5-HIAA
5248:Lyases
4824:Formyl
4776:DNMT3B
4194:P21964
4180:(MeSH)
4148:
4138:
4095:
4060:
4052:
4019:
4011:
3978:
3945:
3916:
3906:
3863:
3824:
3814:
3771:
3736:
3726:
3683:
3637:
3596:
3588:
3539:
3531:
3521:
3480:5 July
3455:
3414:
3406:
3366:
3305:
3297:
3262:
3254:
3219:
3211:
3172:
3162:
3119:
3111:
3072:
3064:
3025:
2984:
2976:
2940:
2932:
2897:
2887:
2848:
2838:
2796:
2786:
2747:
2737:
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2654:
2644:
2597:
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2558:
2519:
2509:
2465:
2455:
2412:
2375:
2348:
2340:
2311:
2303:
2268:
2225:
2186:
2111:
2082:
1927:, and
1896:oxygen
1786:rs4680
1778:valine
1734:ValMet
1599:methyl
1593:, and
1536:, and
1462:PubMed
1444:Search
1430:AmiGO
1418:PDBsum
1358:ExPASy
1346:BRENDA
1334:IntEnz
1305:EC no.
1246:search
1244:PubMed
1071:O88587
1052:P21964
948:Entrez
588:BioGPS
167:116790
6437:AANAT
6406:5-HTP
6261:MOPEG
6257:DOPEG
6230:DOPAC
5556:DOPAC
5384:5-HTP
5200:Types
4990:2.1.4
4905:2.1.3
4879:Other
4815:2.1.2
4764:Other
4668:2.1.1
4058:S2CID
4017:S2CID
3594:S2CID
3566:(PDF)
3537:S2CID
3412:S2CID
3364:S2CID
3303:S2CID
3260:S2CID
3217:S2CID
3117:S2CID
3070:S2CID
2982:S2CID
2938:S2CID
2346:S2CID
2309:S2CID
1901:ortho
1696:(VMA)
1652:DOPAC
1630:-DOPA
1394:PRIAM
981:12846
941:Mouse
936:Human
907:Amigo
554:heart
538:liver
440:Mouse
433:Human
380:Start
315:Mouse
279:Start
212:Human
183:30982
175:88470
6578:HNMT
6467:ASMT
6266:DOMA
6206:COMT
6156:PNMT
5543:MHPG
5534:DHMA
5521:MHPG
5512:DHMA
5490:ALDH
5450:DFMD
5357:AAAD
5292:list
5285:EC7
5279:list
5272:EC6
5266:list
5259:EC5
5253:list
5246:EC4
5240:list
5233:EC3
5227:list
5220:EC2
5214:list
5207:EC1
4913:and
4661:2.1)
4546:NOS3
4542:NOS2
4538:NOS1
4420:GABA
4187:for
4146:PMID
4093:PMID
4050:PMID
4009:PMID
3976:PMID
3943:PMID
3914:PMID
3904:ISBN
3861:PMID
3822:PMID
3769:PMID
3734:PMID
3681:PMID
3635:PMID
3586:PMID
3529:PMID
3482:2010
3453:PMID
3404:PMID
3329:LVII
3295:PMID
3252:PMID
3209:PMID
3170:PMID
3109:PMID
3062:PMID
3023:PMID
2974:PMID
2930:PMID
2895:PMID
2846:PMID
2794:PMID
2745:OCLC
2735:ISBN
2706:PMID
2652:PMID
2595:ISBN
2566:PMID
2517:PMID
2463:PMID
2410:PMID
2373:ISBN
2338:PMID
2301:PMID
2266:PMID
2223:PMID
2184:PMID
2149:2016
2109:ISBN
2080:ISBN
1886:gene
1882:COMT
1821:COMT
1740:and
1730:COMT
1557:gene
1554:COMT
1511:COMT
1474:NCBI
1415:PDBe
1370:KEGG
962:1312
750:axon
423:Bgee
371:Band
332:Chr.
270:Band
229:Chr.
191:COMT
163:OMIM
150:COMT
120:4XUD
116:4XUC
112:4PYK
108:4PYJ
104:4PYI
100:3BWY
96:3BWM
92:3A7E
88:4XUE
69:RCSB
66:PDBe
35:COMT
6648:DAO
6510:HDC
6387:TPH
6270:VMA
6086:DBH
5973:PAH
5565:HVA
5547:VMA
5525:VMA
5499:ALR
5471:MAO
4185:PDB
4136:PMC
4126:doi
4114:104
4083:doi
4042:doi
4001:doi
3968:doi
3935:doi
3896:doi
3853:doi
3812:PMC
3804:doi
3761:doi
3724:PMC
3716:doi
3671:doi
3625:doi
3578:doi
3519:PMC
3511:doi
3443:doi
3439:191
3396:doi
3356:doi
3352:302
3287:doi
3283:161
3244:doi
3201:doi
3160:PMC
3152:doi
3101:doi
3097:177
3054:doi
3013:doi
2966:doi
2962:160
2922:doi
2918:110
2885:PMC
2877:doi
2836:PMC
2828:doi
2784:PMC
2776:doi
2772:126
2696:PMC
2686:doi
2642:PMC
2632:doi
2628:286
2556:PMC
2548:doi
2507:PMC
2499:doi
2453:PMC
2445:doi
2402:doi
2330:doi
2293:doi
2289:245
2258:doi
2246:126
2215:doi
2176:doi
1780:to
1540:),
1450:PMC
1406:PDB
393:End
292:End
195:OMA
171:MGI
59:PDB
6764::
6723:•
6719:•
6715:•
6711:•
6707:•
6703:•
6699:•
6373:,
6013:TH
5954:,
5784:,
5780:,
5776:,
5772:,
5505:):
4992::
4907::
4821:-,
4817::
4711:O-
4680:N-
4670::
4659:EC
4606:,
4544:,
4540:,
4526:NO
4259:→
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4144:.
4134:.
4124:.
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4091:.
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3931:17
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