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put in a claim for $ 6,000. Fearing that he might not get his money, the creditor obtained a judgment that resulted in a public sale of most of the
Clinton family possessions. Enough money was realized from the sale of the property to satisfy the judgment, but nothing was left to help the Clinton family through the difficult years ahead. The governor received the grandest of state funerals, but when it was all over, the family had no place to bury him. His widow was completely without funds to purchase a suitable grave site. As a result, Clinton's remains were placed in the family vault of Dr. Samuel Stringer (1735β1817), an old friend and fellow Mason from Albany, in the old Swan Street Cemetery.
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911:. Morgan, who threatened to publish an exposΓ© of the rituals of Freemasonry, disappeared and was apparently kidnapped and supposedly murdered by Masons. Clinton issued three proclamations, each increasing the reward for information and conviction of the perpetrators until it reached $ 2,000. Clinton's proclamations had no effect, however, and the Masonic fraternity underwent a period of severe decline in many regions of the United States because of criticism set off by the scandal.
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Kyle Jenks read
Clinton's 1815 canal manifesto on the steps of Federal Hall in lower Manhattan. In December 2017, the Museum of the City of New York completed a renovation of a statue of Clinton, along with one of Alexander Hamilton, located on the museum's exterior. Also that year, a book featuring descendants of DeWitt Clinton exploring ruins of the original canal, titled
825:
865:, voted in the New York State legislature for his removal from the Canal Commission, which caused such a wave of indignation among the electorate that he was nominated for governor by the People's Party and was re-elected governor, defeating the official candidate of the Democratic-Republican Party, his fellow Canal Commissioner
1151:
DeWitt
Clinton became a focus of public attention related to the Erie Canal's bicentennial, which began in 2017 (the 200th anniversary of the original canal's groundbreaking) and will continue through 2025 (the 200th anniversary of the canal's opening). In a New York City event on July 4, 2017, actor
980:
began: "The efforts of Gov. Clinton to advance the best interest of the State over which he presides are very generally acknowledged both by his constituents and the public abroad. His exertions in favor of the great canal have identified his name with that noble enterprise, and he will be remembered
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on
February 11, 1828, he left his family in poor financial condition. While he was a fine administrator in government, he had handled his own financial affairs rather poorly. As a result, the Clinton family was badly in debt and had no means of support after the governor's death. One creditor alone
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The Grand Lodge of New York has established the DeWitt
Clinton Award, which recognizes distinguished or outstanding community service by non-Masonic organizations or individuals whose actions exemplify a shared concern for the well-being of Mankind and a belief in the worldwide brotherhood of Man.
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to celebrate the first connection of waters from the East with waters from the West. The canal was an immense success, carrying huge numbers of passengers and a huge amount of freight traffic. The cost of moving freight between
Buffalo and Albany fell from $ 100 to $ 10 per ton, and the state was
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Sixteen years later, enough money was collected to provide a suitable burial. On June 21, 1844, a newspaper in Albany printed this small announcement: "The remains of DeWitt
Clinton, which had been deposited in the cemetery in Swan Street, were removed to New York for interment under a monument
856:
of 1821 shortened the gubernatorial term to two years and moved the beginning of the term from July 1 to
January 1, which cut off the last six months of his three-year term. The gubernatorial election was also moved from April to November, but Clinton was not renominated by his party to run for
848:
organization, which fiercely hated
Clinton, had printed ballots with Porter's name on them and distributed them among the Tammany followers in New York City. On July 1, 1817, Clinton took office as governor of New York. He was re-elected in 1820, defeating Vice President Tompkins in a narrow
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able to quickly recoup the funds that it had spent on the project by collecting tolls along the canal. The completion of the canal brought about a significant shift in public opinion about
Clinton: he was now hailed for having completed the canal.
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That change in public opinion was reflected in the newspapers of the time. They had previously been filled with harsh criticisms of Clinton and the canal, but now celebrated his accomplishment. For example, an article in the
807:
but was chosen as the party's vice presidential nominee instead. In 1812, after George Clinton's death, the elder Clinton's supporters gravitated towards DeWitt Clinton. Clinton ran for president as a candidate both for the
1718:
Institution of the Society of the Cincinnati: Formed by the Officers of the American Army of the Revolution, 1783, with Extracts, from the Proceedings of Its General Meetings and from the Transactions of the New York State
900:. Clinton was essential in establishing the Grand Encampment of Knights Templar in the United States and served as its first, second, and third grand master from 1816 to 1828. He retained the title until his death in 1828.
629:
improvements could transform American life, drive economic growth, and encourage political participation. He heavily influenced the development of infrastructure both in New York State and in the United States as a whole.
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Clinton's accomplishments as a leader in civic and state affairs included improving the New York public school system, encouraging steam navigation, and modifying the laws governing criminals and debtors. The 1831
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960:. Many thought the project to be impracticable, and opponents mocked it as "Clinton's Folly" and "DeWitt's Ditch". But in 1817, he persuaded the legislature to appropriate $ 7 million for its construction.
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to Madison's 128. It was the strongest showing of any Federalist candidate for the U.S. presidency since 1800, and a change in the votes of one or two states would have given Clinton the victory.
1129:, New York was for several decades after his death known as Clintonville, but reverted to its traditional name; however, the governor is memorialized by Clintonville Street, a major local road.
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and fared significantly better than the previous two Federalist-supported tickets. After the presidential election, Clinton continued to be affiliated with the Democratic-Republican Party.
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in succession to his brother, Lieutenant Alexander Clinton, who was an original member of the society. In that same year, he was elected as a member to the
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An engraved portrait of Clinton appeared on the Legal Tender (United States Note) issue of 1880 in the $ 1,000.00 denomination. An illustrated example is
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1033:. With her, he had ten children, and four sons and three daughters had survived at the time of her death in 1818. Among his children with Franklin was
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and for a small group of antiwar Democratic-Republicans. In the close election of 1812, Clinton was defeated by President Madison. Clinton received 89
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in 1798 before briefly serving as a U.S. Senator. Returning to New York, Clinton served three terms as the appointed Mayor of New York City and the
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while he was a student there; Clinton was in the first class to graduate under the school's new name.) He was the brother of U.S. Representative
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as well as from a group of Democratic-Republicans who were dissatisfied with Madison. Though Madison won re-election, Clinton carried most of the
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1794:(1818). "Flora Americae Septentrionalis, or a systematic arrangement and description of the plants of North America by Frederick Pursh".
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along the canal to Buffalo. After riding from the mouth of Lake Erie to New York City, he emptied two casks of water from Lake Erie into
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In 1926 the DeWitt Clinton Professorship of American History was established at Columbia University; the first to hold the chair was
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Siry, Steven Edwin (1985). "The Sectional Politics of "Practical Republicanism": De Witt Clinton's Presidential Bid, 1810-1812".
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On May 8, 1819, Clinton married Catharine Jones, the daughter of a New York physician, Thomas Jones and his wife, Margaret (nΓ©e
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CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common names, Scientific names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology
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from 1817 to 1822 and from 1825 to 1828, and presided over the construction of the Erie Canal. Clinton believed that
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in 1804 and was its president, and he was a leader in launching the Erie Canal. He also helped to reorganize the
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Clinton was married twice. On February 13, 1796, he married Maria Franklin, daughter of the prominent New York
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raceβDeWitt Clinton received 47,447 votes, as opposed to Tompkins's 45,900βand served until December 31, 1822.
772:
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941:. He was among its first members, who were appointed in 1810 and planned and surveyed the route to be taken.
686:, who was then governor of New York. Soon afterwards he became a member of the Democratic-Republican Party.
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from 1814 to 1828. He was Grand Master of the Grand Encampment of the United States from 1818 to 1828.
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He served as mayor of New York from 1803 to 1807, 1808 to 1810, and 1811 to 1815. He organized the
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1767:"DeWitt Clinton Professor of American History - WikiCU, the Columbia University wiki encyclopedia"
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Morgan, William G. (1969). "The Origin and Development of the Congressional Nominating Caucus".
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March 2, 2019 was the 250th anniversary, or semiquincentennial, of DeWitt Clinton's birth. The
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while its benefits are experienced" It ended, "Yield credit to Clinton, and hail him by name".
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Print showing Clinton mingling the waters of Lake Erie and the Atlantic, in a ceremony in 1826
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in 1814 and was its vice president from 1821 to 1828. In 1816, he was elected a fellow of the
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666:(now known as Princeton University) before transferring to King's College (which was renamed
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1981:
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598:, DeWitt Clinton was his uncle's secretary before launching his own political career. As a
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2116:
1664:
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1052:). Catharine's sister, Mary (nΓ©e Jones) Gelston, was the wife of Deacon Maltby Gelston of
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in 1801β1802 and 1806β1807. The New York State legislature elected him to fill New York's
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707:(representing its Southern District) in 1798β1802 and 1806β1811 He was a delegate to the
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When the canal was finished in 1825, Clinton opened it and traveled in the packet boat
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1531:"Celebrating more than 100 years of the Freemasonry: famous Freemasons in the history"
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Knowles, Charles, "History of the Bank for Savings in the City of New York," 1936.
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His portrait appears on many tobacco tax stamps of the late 1800s to early 1900s.
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in 1808 and served as its president between 1813 and 1817. He was a regent of the
563:(March 2, 1769 – February 11, 1828) was an American politician and
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579:. In the last capacity, he was largely responsible for the construction of the
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re-election in November 1822. Even so, he kept his post as president of the
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1869:
The Birth of Empire: DeWitt Clinton and the American Experience, 1769-1828
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1113:$ 1,000 Legal Tender note, Series 1880, Fr.187k, depicting DeWitt Clinton
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As governor, Clinton was largely responsible for the construction of the
638:
Clinton was born on March 2, 1769, the second son born to Major-General
6075:
1993:
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State. In the 1812 presidential election, Clinton won support from the
5572:
Unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States
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to become lieutenant governor until the end of the term in June 1813.
6540:(*) elected but declined; (**) elected but died before taking office
1165:
at the Erie Canal Museum in Syracuse and the Buffalo Maritime Center.
1022:
1985:
5083:
1841:"What You Should Know about the Alcohol & Tobacco Tax Division"
884:. He was initiated in the "Holland" Lodge No. 16 (now No 8), NY on
642:
and his wife Mary De Witt (1737β1795), who was a descendant of the
583:. Clinton was a major candidate for the American presidency in the
2003:
DeWitt Clinton and Amos Eaton: Geology and Power in Early New York
1948:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1108:
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922:
823:
34:. For the American intelligence officer who worked in Russia, see
6604:
Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States
1926:. Oxford History of the United States. Oxford University Press.
1514:
and served as Eminent Grand Commander of New York Commandery of
889:
869:. He served another two terms until his sudden death in office.
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What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815β1848
594:
A nephew of two-term U.S. vice president and New York governor
1696:. J. F. Trow & son, printers and bookbinders. p. 1067
1693:
The History of the Descendants of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass
1353:
840:
in which he was the only candidate; 1,479 votes were cast for
1314:. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. pp. 348β349.
952:
to support construction of a canal from the eastern shore of
1067:
In 1813, Clinton became a hereditary member of the New York
799:
Clinton's uncle, George Clinton, had attempted to challenge
755:
from 1808 to 1825. Clinton was also elected a member of the
6679:
Candidates in the 1820 United States presidential election
6674:
Candidates in the 1812 United States presidential election
6599:
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
779:. In a special election, Clinton defeated the Federalist
1402:
Members and Officers of the American Antiquarian Society
1488:
1486:
1484:
1087:
created by the family." Clinton was reinterred at the
861:. In April 1824, most of his political opponents, the
6624:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2053:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
5513:
5468:
5423:
5386:
5325:
5316:
5269:
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4985:
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4881:
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4602:
4456:
4445:
4425:
4406:
4387:
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4351:
4323:
4312:
3744:
3417:
2701:
2491:
542:
523:
512:
460:
443:
433:
416:
389:
384:
370:
358:
335:
325:
312:
302:
284:
274:
262:
241:
229:
206:
194:
175:
165:
152:
140:
117:
105:
91:
72:
45:
6609:Democratic-Republican Party United States senators
1891:
1535:Mathawan Lodge No 192 F.A. & A.M., New Jersey
1441:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1894:De Witt Clinton and the Rise of the People's Men
836:, who had been elected vice president, he won a
654:(which today is a hamlet in the western part of
1078:When Clinton died suddenly of heart failure in
937:From 1810 to 1824, Clinton was a member of the
1209:in 1818, was named in honor of DeWitt Clinton.
6200:
5556:
5099:
4527:
4280:
3387:
2865:
2469:
1158:, was published by journalist Kenneth Silber.
662:Academy and began his college studies at the
8:
6684:United States senators from New York (state)
1967:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
995:The Bank for Savings in the City of New-York
354:February 9, 1802 β November 4, 1803
87:January 1, 1825 β February 11, 1828
6644:Members of the American Antiquarian Society
1205:, a genus of flowering plants described by
1025:merchant Walter Franklin and descendant of
6207:
6193:
6185:
6169:
6159:
5579:
5563:
5549:
5541:
5322:
5106:
5092:
5084:
4823:
4534:
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4453:
4384:
4320:
4287:
4273:
4265:
3394:
3380:
3372:
2872:
2858:
2850:
2476:
2462:
2454:
2075:
1667:"10 Moments That Made American Business,"
1404:. Worcester: American Antiquarian Society.
674:, the half-brother of U.S. Representative
53:
42:
1632:. Grand Lodge of New York. Archived from
1606:Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon
1580:Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon
1229:Clinton's name was almost always spelled
1125:was named in his honor. The community of
6634:Lieutenant governors of New York (state)
4301:1812 United States presidential election
1275:The Life and Writings of De Witt Clinton
854:New York State Constitutional Convention
719:seat, which had been left vacant by the
709:New York State Constitutional Convention
6654:New York (state) Democratic-Republicans
2885:June 12, 1665 – December 31, 1897
1890:Hanyan, Craig; Hanyan, Mary L. (1996).
1420:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1415:"Book of Members, 1780β2010: Chapter C"
1245:
1222:
1105:List of places named for DeWitt Clinton
682:. He became the secretary to his uncle
484: 1796; died 1818)
136:July 1, 1817 β January 1, 1823
6649:Members of the New York State Assembly
948:. He was persuaded by Canal proponent
844:against Clinton's 43,310, because the
731:; next, he was appointed the mayor of
6569:American politicians of Dutch descent
1168:Following his New York Governorship,
1139:Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
761:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
2485:United States senators from New York
2096:U.S. Senator (Class 3) from New York
1813:Quattrocchi, Umberto (May 3, 2012).
1690:Dwight, Benjamin Woodbridge (1874).
695:New York Legislature and U.S. Senate
1898:. McGill-Queen's University Press.
1504:from the original on April 25, 2016
1477:from the original on June 22, 2003.
753:University of the State of New York
6689:Columbia College (New York) alumni
6579:American people of the War of 1812
6574:American people of English descent
2005:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
1796:Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev
1541:from the original on May 10, 2008.
1355:The Encyclopedia of New York State
1311:The Encyclopedia of New York State
1278:. New York: Baker & Scribner.
1172:became a popular given name - see
1064:. Catharine outlived her husband.
25:
6669:People from New Windsor, New York
2883:from inception to consolidation (
1062:Collector of the Port of New York
828:Gubernatorial portrait of Clinton
749:American Academy of the Fine Arts
6168:
6158:
6149:
6148:
3735:
3360:
2692:
1941:
1857:BobbΓ©, Dorothie de Bear (1962).
775:left a vacancy in the office of
711:in 1801. He was a member of the
546:
6664:New York (state) state senators
5148:Presidency of George Washington
5056:Benjamin Williams Crowninshield
2222:Lieutenant Governor of New York
2022:The Crimsoned Hills of Onondaga
1141:'s "American Currency Exhibit".
892:, and, in 1806, he was elected
777:lieutenant governor of New York
767:Lieutenant Governor of New York
608:lieutenant governor of New York
575:, and as the seventh and ninth
501:
481:
286:Lieutenant Governor of New York
27:American politician (1769-1828)
6589:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
4579:Presidency of Thomas Jefferson
2316:President of the United States
2071:DeWitt genealogy, at Mr. Jumbo
2048:"DeWitt Clinton (id: C000525)"
1792:Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel
1186:Both the town and township of
1163:milestone was marked by events
1073:American Philosophical Society
838:special gubernatorial election
602:, Clinton won election to the
30:For the steam locomotive, see
1:
6629:Governors of New York (state)
4255:indicate acting officeholders
1974:Journal of the Early Republic
1602:"The Morgan affair aftermath"
1308:Eisenstadt, Peter R. (2005).
1272:Campbell, William W. (1849).
6659:New York (state) Federalists
852:During his second term, the
757:American Antiquarian Society
699:Clinton was a member of the
6154:All presidential candidates
4584:Presidency of James Madison
4543:Democratic-Republican Party
4315:Democratic-Republican Party
2305:Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
2001:Spanagel, David I. (2014).
1872:. Oxford University Press.
1819:. CRC Press. p. 1023.
1576:"Cumming's notes on Morgan"
745:New-York Historical Society
32:DeWitt Clinton (locomotive)
6710:
6594:Clinton family of New York
4589:Presidency of James Monroe
1102:
1039:mayor of Buffalo, New York
930:
616:Northeastern United States
604:New York State legislature
29:
6222:
6144:
5582:
5578:
5121:
4554:Anti-Administration Party
4549:
4487:
4448:Straight-Federalist Party
4248:
3733:
3358:
2892:
2690:
2442:
2431:
2423:
2418:
2402:
2383:
2375:
2365:
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2338:
2328:
2309:
2301:
2296:
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2259:
2250:
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2228:
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2209:
2199:
2190:
2182:
2172:
2163:
2155:
2145:
2136:
2128:
2123:
2113:
2093:
2085:
2078:
1255:"Little Short of Madness"
1069:Society of the Cincinnati
832:After the resignation of
554:
380:
347:
291:
251:
218:
183:
129:
80:
68:
52:
6619:Erie Canal Commissioners
6216:Erie Canal Commissioners
5155:Presidency of John Adams
4474:William Richardson Davie
2297:Party political offices
2046:United States Congress.
2020:De Villo, Sloan (2008).
1627:"Masonic Service Awards"
1574:Cummings, William Leon.
1197:is also named after him.
989:Together with financier
652:Little Britain, New York
621:Clinton was governor of
587:, challenging incumbent
6639:Mayors of New York City
2881:Mayors of New York City
2436:Grand Lodge of New York
1964:Encyclopædia Britannica
1715:Schuyler, John (1886).
1663:April 20, 2008, at the
1048:) Jones (a daughter of
898:Grand Lodge of New York
713:Council of Appointments
701:New York State Assembly
6584:American Presbyterians
6174:Third-party candidates
5800:Winfield Scott Hancock
5690:William Henry Harrison
5007:Caesar Augustus Rodney
4569:Jeffersonian democracy
2193:Mayor of New York City
2166:Mayor of New York City
2139:Mayor of New York City
1722:. Society. p. 177
1671:, February/March 2007.
1183:is named for Clinton.
1114:
1035:George William Clinton
1018:
978:New Hampshire Sentinel
928:
829:
803:for the presidency in
771:In 1811, the death of
739:Mayor of New York City
573:mayor of New York City
178:Mayor of New York City
5290:Jonathan Trumbull Jr.
4772:Joseph Bradley Varnum
2386:Democratic-Republican
2349:Democratic-Republican
1866:Cornog, Evan (1998).
1155:In DeWitt's Footsteps
1146:Evarts Boutell Greene
1112:
1103:Further information:
1008:
939:Erie Canal Commission
926:
905:William Morgan Affair
859:Erie Canal Commission
827:
795:Presidential campaign
705:New York State Senate
664:College of New Jersey
600:Democratic-Republican
569:United States senator
438:Democratic-Republican
337:United States Senator
5878:Charles Evans Hughes
5282:Frederick Muhlenberg
4760:Frederick Muhlenberg
4574:Era of Good Feelings
4492:Other 1812 elections
3407:lieutenant governors
2390:Governor of New York
2353:Governor of New York
2280:Governor of New York
2253:Governor of New York
1746:search.amphilsoc.org
1742:"APS Member History"
1639:on September 5, 2011
1600:Brownback, David P.
1555:. Knightstemplar.org
1498:freemasonrytoday.com
1400:Dunbar, B. (1987).
1233:during his lifetime.
1190:are named after him.
1056:, and the mother of
1017:, Brooklyn, New York
1009:Clinton Memorial by
820:Governor of New York
703:in 1798, and of the
678:, and the cousin of
577:governor of New York
528:Princeton University
176:47th, 49th and 51st
75:Governor of New York
36:DeWitt Clinton Poole
5868:William Howard Taft
5760:George B. McClellan
5652:William H. Crawford
5608:Charles C. Pinckney
4964:William H. Crawford
4958:Alexander J. Dallas
4915:William H. Crawford
4903:Alexander J. Dallas
2434:Grand Master of the
2061:Political Graveyard
1918:Howe, Daniel Walker
1358:, pp. 348β349.
1298:Howe (2007), p. 241
1188:Clinton, New Jersey
1089:Green-Wood Cemetery
1041:from 1842 to 1843.
1015:Green-Wood Cemetery
532:Columbia University
98:James Tallmadge Jr.
5750:Stephen A. Douglas
5405:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
5397:Alexander Hamilton
5141:First Party System
5068:Samuel L. Southard
4946:John Armstrong Jr.
4897:George W. Campbell
4564:First Party System
2446:Daniel D. Tompkins
2342:Daniel D. Tompkins
2124:Political offices
2102:Served alongside:
2089:John Armstrong Jr.
1658:John Steele Gordon
1553:"Past Ge Officers"
1471:freemasonry.bcy.ca
1253:Burrows, Edwin G.
1115:
1019:
929:
842:Peter Buell Porter
834:Daniel D. Tompkins
830:
725:John Armstrong Jr.
672:George Clinton Jr.
376:John Armstrong Jr.
365:John Armstrong Jr.
307:Daniel D. Tompkins
73:7th & 9th
6546:
6545:
6182:
6181:
6140:
6139:
6056:George H. W. Bush
5830:Benjamin Harrison
5700:Hugh Lawson White
5680:John Quincy Adams
5538:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5524:Benjamin Stoddert
5442:Timothy Pickering
5352:Timothy Pickering
5306:Theodore Sedgwick
5081:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5001:John Breckinridge
4872:John Quincy Adams
4802:Philip P. Barbour
4509:
4508:
4483:
4482:
4441:
4440:
4372:
4371:
4262:
4261:
3764:J. Van Rensselaer
3759:S. Van Rensselaer
3369:
3368:
2847:
2846:
2452:
2451:
2443:Succeeded by
2403:Succeeded by
2366:Succeeded by
2329:Succeeded by
2290:Nathaniel Pitcher
2287:Succeeded by
2260:Succeeded by
2247:
2229:Succeeded by
2200:Succeeded by
2173:Succeeded by
2146:Succeeded by
2132:Edward Livingston
2114:Succeeded by
2105:Gouverneur Morris
2100:1802β1803
2066:Bio at Erie Canal
2024:. Cambria Press.
1933:978-0-19-507894-7
1861:. I. J. Friedman.
1826:978-1-4200-8044-5
1669:American Heritage
1321:978-0-8156-0808-0
1259:American Heritage
1050:Edward Livingston
1011:Henry Kirke Brown
650:. He was born in
567:. He served as a
558:
557:
518:George W. Clinton
420:February 11, 1828
269:Edward Livingston
124:Nathaniel Pitcher
101:Nathaniel Pitcher
16:(Redirected from
6701:
6209:
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5840:William J. Bryan
5820:Grover Cleveland
5790:Samuel J. Tilden
5710:Martin Van Buren
5588:Thomas Jefferson
5580:
5565:
5558:
5551:
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5527:
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5498:
5490:
5487:William Bradford
5482:
5470:Attorney General
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5115:Federalist Party
5108:
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5094:
5085:
4995:Levi Lincoln Sr.
4987:Attorney General
4842:Levi Lincoln Sr.
4836:Thomas Jefferson
4824:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4513:
4472:Vice President:
4454:
4426:Other candidates
4414:Vice President:
4385:
4379:Federalist Party
4352:Other candidates
4340:Vice President:
4321:
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4275:
4266:
3739:
3738:
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3057:J. Van Cortlandt
3042:J. Van Cortlandt
2977:S. Van Cortlandt
2942:S. Van Cortlandt
2874:
2867:
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2851:
2696:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2455:
2424:Preceded by
2419:Masonic offices
2413:
2406:Martin Van Buren
2376:Preceded by
2339:Preceded by
2321:
2302:Preceded by
2270:Preceded by
2245:
2239:Preceded by
2210:Preceded by
2183:Preceded by
2156:Preceded by
2129:Preceded by
2109:Theodorus Bailey
2086:Preceded by
2076:
2057:
2035:
2016:
1997:
1968:
1959:Clinton, De Witt
1947:
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1494:"DeWitt Clinton"
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1467:"DeWitt Clinton"
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1368:"DeWitt Clinton"
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1195:Clinton, Indiana
1193:The township of
1181:DeWitt, Michigan
1037:, who served as
810:Federalist Party
676:James G. Clinton
668:Columbia College
585:election of 1812
550:
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427:Albany, New York
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6116:Hillary Clinton
6046:Michael Dukakis
6006:George McGovern
5996:Hubert Humphrey
5986:Barry Goldwater
5962:Adlai Stevenson
5948:Thomas E. Dewey
5938:Wendell Willkie
5858:Alton B. Parker
5810:James G. Blaine
5770:Horatio Seymour
5740:John C. FrΓ©mont
5574:
5569:
5539:
5530:
5522:
5509:
5501:
5493:
5485:
5479:Edmund Randolph
5477:
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5344:Edmund Randolph
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5298:Jonathan Dayton
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5134:American School
5132:
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5013:William Pinkney
4981:
4976:John C. Calhoun
4920:
4891:Albert Gallatin
4877:
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4766:Nathaniel Macon
4751:
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4605:
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4559:Anti-Federalism
4545:
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4416:Jared Ingersoll
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2379:Joseph C. Yates
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2159:Marinus Willett
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2117:Marinus Willett
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1986:10.2307/3123061
1971:
1957:, ed. (1911). "
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797:
789:Marinus Willett
769:
741:
697:
692:
636:
530:
508:
507:
504: 1819)
499:
495:
494:Catharine Jones
487:
479:
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444:Other political
434:Political party
425:
421:
411:British America
401:
395:
393:
371:
359:
353:
348:
339:
326:
319:
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280:Marinus Willett
275:
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230:
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195:
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171:Joseph C. Yates
166:
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118:
112:Joseph C. Yates
106:
100:
86:
81:
64:
61:Rembrandt Peale
48:
39:
28:
23:
22:
18:Catharine Jones
15:
12:
11:
5:
6707:
6705:
6697:
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6694:De Witt family
6691:
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6257:Van Rensselaer
6254:
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6036:Walter Mondale
6033:
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5983:
5973:
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5945:
5935:
5925:
5918:Herbert Hoover
5915:
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5895:
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5837:
5827:
5817:
5807:
5797:
5787:
5780:Horace Greeley
5777:
5767:
5757:
5747:
5737:
5730:Winfield Scott
5727:
5717:
5707:
5697:
5687:
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5659:
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5642:Andrew Jackson
5639:
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5622:DeWitt Clinton
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4397:DeWitt Clinton
4391:
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4364:George Clinton
4361:
4359:DeWitt Clinton
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2186:Jacob Radcliff
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2176:Jacob Radcliff
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2040:External links
2038:
2037:
2036:
2031:978-1604975031
2030:
2017:
2012:978-1421411040
2011:
1998:
1980:(4): 441β462.
1969:
1955:Chisholm, Hugh
1938:
1932:
1914:
1905:978-0773514348
1904:
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1135:on the website
1121:DeWitt Clinton
1100:
1097:
1002:
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986:
983:
931:Main article:
920:
917:
877:Clinton was a
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765:
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729:Washington, DC
696:
693:
691:
688:
684:George Clinton
680:Simeon De Witt
658:. He attended
648:De Witt family
635:
632:
627:infrastructure
596:George Clinton
561:DeWitt Clinton
556:
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516:10, including
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471:Maria Franklin
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5976:Richard Nixon
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5458:Samuel Dexter
5455:
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5450:James McHenry
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5426:
5422:
5414:
5413:Samuel Dexter
5410:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5368:John Marshall
5365:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5315:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5274:
5268:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5216:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5171:
5169:
5163:
5156:
5152:
5149:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5131:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5109:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5095:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5050:William Jones
5048:
5045:
5044:Paul Hamilton
5042:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4984:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4970:George Graham
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4909:William Jones
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4848:James Madison
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
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4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
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4767:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4747:
4741:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4664:
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4654:
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4649:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4594:Tertium quids
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
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4544:
4537:
4532:
4530:
4525:
4523:
4518:
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4502:
4499:
4497:
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4490:
4489:
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4476:
4475:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4434:
4433:John Marshall
4431:
4430:
4428:
4424:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4333:James Madison
4329:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4290:
4285:
4283:
4278:
4276:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4254:
4251:
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4241:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4223:
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4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4195:
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4110:
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3988:
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3852:
3851:E. Livingston
3849:
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3846:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3821:
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3819:P. Livingston
3816:
3814:
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3754:Van Cortlandt
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3007:J. de Peyster
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2992:A. de Peyster
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2203:John Ferguson
2195:
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2039:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1950:public domain
1939:
1935:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1913:
1907:
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1896:
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1879:9780195119497
1875:
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1854:
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1842:
1836:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1818:
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1809:
1806:
1802:(3): 170β176.
1801:
1797:
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1787:
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1762:
1759:
1747:
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1381:"MemberListC"
1376:
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1285:9780795010972
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1199:
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1192:
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1174:DeWitt (name)
1171:
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1164:
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1076:
1074:
1070:
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1058:David Gelston
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1001:Personal life
1000:
998:
996:
992:
984:
982:
979:
973:
970:
966:
961:
959:
956:to the upper
955:
951:
947:
942:
940:
934:
925:
918:
916:
912:
910:
906:
903:In 1826, the
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
880:
872:
870:
868:
864:
860:
855:
850:
847:
843:
839:
835:
826:
819:
817:
815:
811:
806:
802:
801:James Madison
794:
792:
790:
786:
782:
781:Nicholas Fish
778:
774:
766:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
738:
736:
734:
733:New York City
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
694:
689:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:James Clinton
633:
631:
628:
624:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
590:
589:James Madison
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
553:
549:
545:
541:
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533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
515:
511:
489:
488:
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463:
459:
455:
451:
448:
442:
439:
436:
432:
428:
419:
415:
412:
408:
404:
400:March 2, 1769
392:
388:
383:
379:
375:
369:
366:
363:
357:
351:
346:
343:
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317:
311:
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279:
273:
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267:
261:
255:
250:
246:
240:
237:
234:
228:
222:
217:
214:
213:John Ferguson
211:
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164:
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84:
79:
76:
71:
67:
62:
56:
51:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6539:
6251:
6126:Donald Trump
6026:Jimmy Carter
5888:James M. Cox
5621:
5503:Richard Rush
5376:Richard Rush
5318:U.S. Cabinet
5240:
5166:Presidential
5038:Robert Smith
5019:William Wirt
4952:James Monroe
4860:James Monroe
4854:Robert Smith
4819:U.S. Cabinet
4604:Presidential
4491:
4471:
4463:
4446:
4413:
4396:
4394:
4377:
4358:
4339:
4330:
4313:
4305:1816 →
4297:← 1808
4252:
4232:
4220:
4198:
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4184:
4177:
4150:
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4104:
4082:
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3790:
3780:
3773:
3662:F. Roosevelt
3627:J. Alden Dix
3602:T. Roosevelt
3557:J. Adams Dix
3466:
3456:
3449:
3146:
3136:
3126:
2962:Van Steenwyk
2912:Van Steenwyk
2723:
2432:
2427:Jacob Morton
2388:nominee for
2384:
2351:nominee for
2347:
2314:nominee for
2310:
2278:
2251:
2220:
2191:
2164:
2137:
2103:
2094:
2051:
2021:
2002:
1977:
1973:
1962:
1922:
1893:
1868:
1858:
1835:
1815:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1770:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1745:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1717:
1710:
1698:. Retrieved
1692:
1685:
1676:
1668:
1653:
1641:. Retrieved
1634:the original
1621:
1611:February 18,
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1595:
1585:February 18,
1583:. Retrieved
1579:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1547:
1534:
1525:
1513:
1506:. Retrieved
1497:
1470:
1461:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1424:September 7,
1422:. Retrieved
1409:
1401:
1396:
1384:. Retrieved
1375:
1363:
1354:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1274:
1267:
1258:
1248:
1230:
1225:
1212:
1200:
1179:The City of
1169:
1154:
1120:
1116:
1095:, New York.
1085:
1077:
1066:
1043:
1020:
988:
985:Philanthropy
977:
974:
965:Seneca Chief
964:
962:
958:Hudson River
950:Jesse Hawley
943:
936:
913:
907:occurred in
902:
894:Grand Master
876:
867:Samuel Young
851:
831:
798:
785:Tammany Hall
770:
742:
698:
637:
620:
593:
560:
559:
446:affiliations
422:(1828-02-11)
372:Succeeded by
349:
327:Succeeded by
318:John Tayler
293:
276:Succeeded by
253:
243:Succeeded by
220:
208:Succeeded by
185:
167:Succeeded by
158:John Tayler
131:
119:Succeeded by
82:
59:Portrait by
40:
6564:1828 deaths
6559:1769 births
6106:Mitt Romney
6096:John McCain
6016:Gerald Ford
5526:(1798β1801)
5505:(1814β1817)
5497:(1795β1801)
5495:Charles Lee
5489:(1794β1795)
5481:(1789β1794)
5460:(1800β1801)
5452:(1796β1800)
5436:(1789β1795)
5407:(1795β1801)
5399:(1789β1795)
5370:(1800β1801)
5360:Charles Lee
5354:(1795β1800)
5346:(1794β1795)
5338:(1789β1790)
5308:(1799β1801)
5300:(1795β1799)
5292:(1791β1793)
5284:(1789β1791)
5226:C. Pinckney
5211:C. Pinckney
5200:C. Pinckney
5185:T. Pinckney
5070:(1823β1825)
5064:(1819β1823)
5058:(1815β1818)
5052:(1813β1814)
5046:(1809β1813)
5040:(1801β1809)
5021:(1817β1825)
5015:(1811β1814)
5009:(1807β1811)
5003:(1805β1806)
4997:(1801β1805)
4978:(1817β1825)
4972:(1816β1817)
4966:(1815β1816)
4954:(1814β1815)
4948:(1813β1814)
4942:(1809β1813)
4936:(1801β1809)
4917:(1816β1825)
4905:(1814β1816)
4893:(1801β1814)
4874:(1817β1825)
4866:John Graham
4862:(1811β1817)
4856:(1809β1811)
4850:(1801β1809)
4838:(1790β1794)
4810:(1823β1825)
4804:(1821β1823)
4798:(1820β1821)
4792:(1815β1820)
4786:(1814β1815)
4780:(1811β1814)
4774:(1807β1811)
4768:(1801β1807)
4762:(1793β1795)
4464:President:
4395:President:
4336:(incumbent)
4331:President:
3913:Floyd-Jones
3687:Rockefeller
3197:C. Lawrence
2987:J. Lawrence
2927:J. Lawrence
2242:John Tayler
2232:John Tayler
2213:John Tayler
2080:U.S. Senate
1643:November 6,
1508:October 24,
1054:Southampton
1013:, 1855, at
991:Thomas Eddy
886:September 3
873:Freemasonry
773:John Broome
721:resignation
717:U.S. Senate
656:New Windsor
612:Federalists
360:Preceded by
331:John Tayler
314:Preceded by
264:Preceded by
231:Preceded by
196:Preceded by
154:Preceded by
147:John Tayler
107:Preceded by
6614:Erie Canal
6553:Categories
6262:Livingston
6164:Presidents
6086:John Kerry
5928:Alf Landon
5720:Lewis Cass
5662:Henry Clay
5632:Rufus King
5598:John Adams
5434:Henry Knox
5271:U.S. House
4808:Henry Clay
4790:Henry Clay
4778:Henry Clay
4750:U.S. House
4466:Rufus King
3938:Dorsheimer
3745:Lieutenant
3467:D. Clinton
3457:D. Clinton
3435:G. Clinton
3425:G. Clinton
3252:Westervelt
3132:M. Willett
3122:Livingston
2907:T. Willett
2897:T. Willett
2724:D. Clinton
2684:Gillibrand
2679:H. Clinton
2440:1806β1819
2411:Democratic
2332:Rufus King
2312:Federalist
2284:1825β1828
2257:1817β1822
2226:1811β1813
2197:1811β1815
2170:1808β1810
2143:1803β1807
1726:August 28,
1700:August 28,
1241:References
1207:Rafinesque
1127:Whitestone
1123:locomotive
1046:Livingston
1027:John Bowne
946:Erie Canal
933:Erie Canal
919:Erie Canal
787:candidate
646:patrician
634:Early life
581:Erie Canal
565:naturalist
450:Federalist
396:1769-03-02
142:Lieutenant
93:Lieutenant
6433:Gardinier
5245:Ingersoll
4644:Jefferson
4631:Jefferson
4618:Jefferson
4163:McCaughey
4031:Schoeneck
3888:Patterson
3866:Dickinson
3808:Tallmadge
3747:governors
3577:Cleveland
3477:Van Buren
3418:Governors
3403:Governors
3297:Havemeyer
3247:Kingsland
3237:Havemeyer
3222:Havemeyer
3097:Cruger Jr
3087:S. Bayard
3052:Johnstone
3047:Heathcote
3017:De Reimer
2972:N. Bayard
2967:Minvielle
2809:Wadsworth
2729:Armstrong
2719:Armstrong
2574:Dickinson
2569:Tallmadge
2559:Van Buren
2539:Armstrong
1202:Clintonia
954:Lake Erie
882:Freemason
879:York Rite
863:Bucktails
571:, as the
543:Signature
524:Education
350:In office
298:1811β1813
294:In office
258:1803β1807
254:In office
225:1808β1810
221:In office
190:1811β1815
186:In office
132:In office
83:In office
6480:Alberger
6443:Sherrill
6428:Fitzhugh
6393:J Hudson
6353:Boughton
6348:Hamilton
6338:D Hudson
6317:Redfield
6277:Ellicott
6066:Bob Dole
5908:Al Smith
5388:Treasury
5336:John Jay
5273:speakers
4883:Treasury
4752:speakers
4727:Crawford
4700:Tompkins
4687:Tompkins
4388:Endorsee
4324:Nominees
4228:Benjamin
4173:Paterson
4152:Anderson
4146:DelBello
4141:M. Cuomo
4130:Anderson
3975:Woodruff
3954:McCarthy
3933:Robinson
3923:Woodford
3908:Campbell
3871:Gardiner
3838:Stebbins
3722:A. Cuomo
3717:Paterson
3702:M. Cuomo
3682:Harriman
3567:Robinson
3445:Tompkins
3411:New York
3242:Woodhull
3182:Paulding
3172:Paulding
3157:Radcliff
3152:Ferguson
3142:Radcliff
3032:Peartree
2952:Rombouts
2947:Delavall
2937:De Mayer
2917:Delavall
2902:Delavall
2779:Conkling
2714:Laurance
2674:Moynihan
2639:Copeland
2629:O'Gorman
2544:Mitchill
2509:Schuyler
2499:Schuyler
2320:Endorsed
1920:(2007).
1776:July 25,
1751:April 2,
1661:Archived
1559:July 25,
1539:Archived
1502:Archived
1475:Archived
1386:July 25,
1370:, WikiCU
1093:Brooklyn
783:and the
660:Kingston
623:New York
513:Children
407:New York
342:New York
320:(acting)
303:Governor
160:(acting)
6530:Walrath
6520:Jackson
6510:Barkley
6505:Chapman
6458:Skinner
6453:Gardner
6438:Whallon
6418:Follett
6383:Bissell
6358:Whitney
6333:Ruggles
6312:Hoffman
6297:Seymour
6252:Clinton
6237:De Witt
6076:Al Gore
5241:Clinton
5168:tickets
4740:Sanford
4722:Calhoun
4718:Jackson
4713:Calhoun
4670:Madison
4661:Clinton
4657:Madison
4648:Clinton
4606:tickets
4457:Nominee
4407:Nominee
4253:Italics
4240:Delgado
4206:Ravitch
4168:Donohue
4158:Lundine
4136:Krupsak
4113:Mahoney
4090:Wallace
4078:Poletti
4063:Corning
3997:Chanler
3980:Higgins
3965:Sheehan
3943:Hoskins
3898:Raymond
3861:Bradish
3813:Pitcher
3781:Clinton
3712:Spitzer
3672:Poletti
3642:Whitman
3612:Higgins
3572:Cornell
3552:Hoffman
3542:Seymour
3522:Seymour
3472:Pitcher
3307:Wickham
3282:Hoffman
3277:Gunther
3262:Tiemann
3147:Clinton
3137:Clinton
3127:Clinton
3107:Mathews
3092:Holland
3077:Richard
3072:Lurting
3062:Walters
3012:Provost
3002:Merritt
2982:Delanoy
2932:Dervall
2839:Schumer
2834:D'Amato
2744:Sanford
2739:R. King
2709:R. King
2702:Class 3
2669:Buckley
2664:Goodell
2659:Kennedy
2654:Keating
2614:Hiscock
2584:P. King
2554:Sanford
2492:Class 1
1994:3123061
1952::
1851:Sources
1719:Society
1231:De Witt
909:Batavia
896:of the
846:Tammany
506:
498:
486:
478:
474:
461:Spouses
6525:Thayer
6515:Stroud
6500:Bascom
6475:Wright
6464:Barnes
6448:Jaycox
6423:Mather
6398:Clowes
6378:Little
6368:Hooker
6343:Dexter
6323:Bowman
6282:Holley
6272:Cooper
6267:Fulton
6247:Porter
6227:Morris
5444:(1795)
5415:(1801)
5378:(1817)
5362:(1800)
5260:Howard
4960:(1815)
4911:(1816)
4899:(1814)
4868:(1817)
4844:(1801)
4696:Monroe
4683:Monroe
4501:Senate
4216:Hochul
4200:Espada
4186:Skelos
4124:Wilson
4119:DeLuca
4095:Hanley
4084:Hanley
4068:Lehman
4058:Lowman
4036:Walker
4025:Wagner
4014:Conway
3991:Raines
3970:Saxton
3918:Alvord
3903:Selden
3893:Church
3877:Lester
3845:Oliver
3832:Throop
3798:Tayler
3786:Tayler
3775:Tayler
3769:Broome
3727:Hochul
3707:Pataki
3692:Wilson
3667:Lehman
3652:Miller
3632:Sulzer
3617:Hughes
3592:Morton
3587:Flower
3562:Tilden
3547:Fenton
3537:Morgan
3502:Wright
3492:Seward
3482:Throop
3451:Tayler
3352:Strong
3347:Gilroy
3337:Hewitt
3317:Cooper
3272:Opdyke
3227:Mickle
3217:Harper
3212:Morris
3207:Varian
3162:Colden
3117:Varick
3082:Cruger
3067:Jansen
3037:Wilson
3027:French
2997:Lodwik
2922:Nicoll
2829:Javits
2824:Lehman
2819:Dulles
2814:Wagner
2789:Evarts
2784:Lapham
2774:Harris
2769:Seward
2759:Foster
2754:Wright
2634:Calder
2619:Murphy
2609:Miller
2599:Kernan
2594:Fenton
2589:Morgan
2564:Dudley
2549:German
2534:Bailey
2529:Morris
2524:Watson
2514:Hobart
2246:Acting
2216:Acting
2028:
2009:
1992:
1946:
1930:
1912:online
1902:
1885:online
1876:
1823:
1453:985965
1451:
1318:
1282:
1170:DeWitt
1099:Legacy
1080:Albany
1023:Quaker
690:Career
429:, U.S.
63:(1823)
6535:Ogden
6470:Bruce
6408:Hinds
6403:Beach
6388:Jones
6363:Clark
6328:Baker
6307:Earll
6302:Bouck
6287:Young
6232:North
5327:State
5196:Adams
5181:Adams
4828:State
4731:Macon
4709:Adams
4674:Gerry
4496:House
4211:Duffy
4193:Smith
4179:Bruno
4106:Wicks
4100:Moore
4019:Glynn
4002:White
3985:Bruce
3960:Jones
3928:Beach
3856:Tracy
3826:Dayan
3792:Swift
3697:Carey
3677:Dewey
3657:Smith
3647:Smith
3637:Glynn
3622:White
3607:Odell
3597:Black
3527:Clark
3507:Young
3497:Bouck
3487:Marcy
3462:Yates
3440:Lewis
3342:Grant
3332:Grace
3327:Edson
3322:Grace
3302:Vance
3287:Coman
3232:Brady
3202:Clark
3187:Bowne
3167:Allen
3112:Duane
3102:Hicks
3022:Noell
2799:Platt
2749:Marcy
2734:Smith
2624:Depew
2604:Platt
2519:North
1990:JSTOR
1637:(PDF)
1630:(PDF)
1449:JSTOR
1418:(PDF)
1217:Notes
644:Dutch
500:(
496:
480:(
476:
340:from
6490:Hayt
6485:Dorn
6413:Cook
6373:Enos
6292:Hart
6242:Eddy
6130:2020
6120:2016
6110:2012
6100:2008
6090:2004
6080:2000
6070:1996
6060:1992
6050:1988
6040:1984
6030:1980
6020:1976
6010:1972
6000:1968
5990:1964
5980:1960
5970:1956
5966:1952
5956:1948
5952:1944
5942:1940
5932:1936
5922:1932
5912:1928
5902:1924
5892:1920
5882:1916
5872:1912
5862:1904
5852:1908
5848:1900
5844:1896
5834:1892
5824:1888
5814:1884
5804:1880
5794:1876
5784:1872
5774:1868
5764:1864
5754:1860
5744:1856
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5704:1836
5694:1836
5684:1828
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5670:1832
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5646:1824
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5626:1812
5616:1808
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5602:1800
5592:1796
5515:Navy
5256:King
5252:1816
5237:1812
5230:King
5222:1808
5215:King
5207:1804
5192:1800
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5030:Navy
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4692:1820
4679:1816
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4653:1808
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4627:1800
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2649:Ives
2644:Mead
2579:Fish
2504:Burr
2399:1826
2395:1824
2362:1820
2358:1817
2325:1812
2026:ISBN
2007:ISBN
1928:ISBN
1900:ISBN
1874:ISBN
1821:ISBN
1778:2018
1753:2021
1728:2020
1702:2020
1645:2011
1613:2020
1587:2020
1561:2013
1510:2018
1426:2016
1388:2018
1316:ISBN
1280:ISBN
1029:and
890:1790
805:1808
454:1812
417:Died
390:Born
6495:Fay
6466:)**
5425:War
4926:War
3430:Jay
3409:of
3312:Ely
3192:Lee
2764:Dix
1982:doi
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