997:
442:
31:
222:
75:
1007:
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410:, and solitary, although temporary groups may forage where food is plentiful. Their diet includes nuts, seeds, tree shoots, and buds, with the seeds of oak and pine being particularly favored. Like many other squirrels, they cache their food within tree cavities or loose soil, with some larders containing up to 6 kg (13 lb) of seeds.
296:
Caucasian squirrels are small tree squirrels, with a total length of 32 to 36 cm (13 to 14 in), including the 13 to 18 cm (5.1 to 7.1 in) tail, and weighing 250 to 410 g (8.8 to 14.5 oz). The color of the upper body fur ranges from greyish brown to pale grey, depending
782:
462:
region. The guides for a survey in 1993 in Israel stated that they considered the species to be nearly extinct within the area studied. Whilst the
Caucasian squirrel is threatened by poaching and deforestation, the declines recorded are not sufficient to qualify them as anything other than "Least
421:
than
Eurasian red squirrels. They commonly nest in tree hollows lined with moss and leaves, and located 5 to 14 m (16 to 46 ft) above the ground, but nests are also sometimes found under rocks or tree roots. Their alarm call is high-pitched, and said to resemble the call of the
789:
297:
on the subspecies, while that of the underparts is rusty brown to yellowish, and that of the tail, yellow brown to deep red. The claws are relatively short, compared with those of other tree squirrels, and females have either eight or ten teats.
449:
Breeding occurs throughout the year, but is more common in spring or autumn. Litters range from two to seven, with three or four being typical, and the young are fully mature by five or six months of age.
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A survey in 2008 found that the species remained abundant within Turkey, however declines are noted in population within the
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Caucasian squirrels are native to south-western Asia, where they are found from Turkey, and the islands of
303:
described the
Caucasian squirrel in 1885 as "Its color is grayish-brown above, and yellowish-brown below".
1471:
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731:"Preliminary observations on the behavior and ecology of free-living populations of the subspecies
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39:
30:
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280:. However, this work was actually published in 1788, so the true first description was made by
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in 1785. Gmelin made reference to this in the 1788 work, citing Güldenstädt as the
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506:
Yigit, N.; Kryštufek, B.; Sozen, M.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Shenbrot, G. (2017) .
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The species is traditionally said to have first been described in 1778 by
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894:
886:
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106:
1575:
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625:(3rd ed.). The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 754–818.
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A Caucasian/Anatolian squirrel from Samsun, Alaçam (sciurus anomalus).
1588:
925:
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907:
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324:
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116:
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have been recently introduced to some areas, is the only species of
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332:
622:
Mammal
Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference
1536:
356:
320:
1469:
858:
620:
417:, but frequently forage on the ground, and are considered less
352:
684:
Atlas of
Terrestrial Mammals of the Ionian and Aegean Islands
714:. Vol. 1. New York: A.J. Johnson & Co. p. 372.
567:
Koprowski, J.L.; Gavish, L.; Doumas, S.L. (August 2016).
659:. Vol. Tomus 1. impensis Georg. Emanuel. Beer. 1788
351:
The species mainly lives in forested areas dominated by
426:, and they mark their territories with urine and dung.
340:
1478:
1405:
1382:
1037:
1014:
940:
363:, up to altitudes of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft).
331:in the south. It is one of only two species of the
788:. British Petrolleum. October 2002. Archived from
729:
764:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
471:, and the Caucasian squirrel is protected by the
562:
560:
558:
556:
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550:
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531:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T20000A22245460.en
465:International Union for Conservation of Nature
870:
615:Thorington, R.W. Jr.; Hoffmann, R.S. (2005).
8:
723:
721:
610:
608:
1466:
877:
863:
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735:(golden squirrel) on Mount Hermon, Israel"
467:. Hunting of the species is banned by the
413:They live in trees, where they make their
220:
48:
29:
20:
838:
820:, in Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve, Lebanon"
676:
674:
588:
529:
619:. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
487:
1756:Taxa named by Johann Anton Güldenstädt
783:"Appendix B1 - Mammal Species Dossier"
757:
687:. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 60–61.
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
1746:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
261:temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
7:
1563:66de7f61-30af-4391-bc24-e427628e143e
814:Abi-Said, M.R.; et al. (2014).
777:
775:
1716:IUCN Red List least concern species
517:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
383:, from south-eastern Turkey to Iran
816:"Ecology of the Persian squirrel,
708:Goodrich, Samuel Griswald (1885).
14:
667:– via Biodiversity Library.
366:Three subspecies are recognised:
1005:
1000:
995:
960:Central American dwarf squirrel
323:in the southeast, and as far as
73:
752:10.1080/00212210.1993.10688720
1:
1371:Southern Amazon red squirrel
1363:Northern Amazon red squirrel
986:(Microsciurus santanderensis)
433:A Caucasian squirrel nest in
656:13th edition Systema Naturae
348:native to the wider region.
1772:
1751:Habitats Directive species
1433:Southwestern red squirrel
1394:Bangs's mountain squirrel
1067:South Yungas red squirrel
1028:(Rheithrosciurus macrotis)
970:(Microsciurus flaviventer)
469:Central Hunting Commission
1741:Mammals described in 1778
1452:
1443:(Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)
1275:Calabrian black squirrel
1099:Atlantic Forest squirrel
1075:Yellow-throated squirrel
993:
984:Santander dwarf squirrel
902:
885:Extant species of family
740:Israel Journal of Zoology
733:Sciurus anomalus syriacus
711:Johnson's Natural History
424:European green woodpecker
373:- Turkey and the Caucasus
229:Persian squirrel's range
228:
219:
198:
193:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1427:(Tamiasciurus douglasii)
1396:(Syntheosciurus brochus)
307:Distribution and habitat
301:Samuel Griswold Goodrich
282:Johann Anton Güldenstädt
1435:(Tamiasciurus fremonti)
1309:(Sciurus variegatoides)
1026:Tufted ground squirrel
976:Western dwarf squirrel
681:Masseti, Marco (2012).
590:10.1093/mspecies/sew004
270:in the 13th edition of
268:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
263:in south-western Asia.
1441:American red squirrel
1325:(Sciurus yucatanensis)
1285:(Sciurus nayaritensis)
1277:(Sciurus meridionalis)
1245:(Sciurus carolinensis)
1243:Eastern gray squirrel
1235:Mexican gray squirrel
1227:Arizona gray squirrel
1179:Western gray squirrel
1077:(Sciurus gilvigularis)
978:(Microsciurus mimulus)
968:Amazon dwarf squirrel
754:(inactive 2024-09-12).
573:(Rodentia: Sciuridae)"
524:: e.T20000A115154256.
446:
438:
342:Eurasian red squirrels
1731:Mammals of Azerbaijan
1365:(Sciurus igniventris)
1283:Mexican fox squirrel
1237:(Sciurus aureogaster)
1229:(Sciurus arizonensis)
1085:(Sciurus granatensis)
1069:(Sciurus argentinius)
962:(Microsciurus alfari)
477:EU Habitats Directive
444:
432:
1726:Mammals of West Asia
1558:Fauna Europaea (new)
1307:Variegated squirrel
1133:(Sciurus stramineus)
1115:Richmond's squirrel
1109:(Sciurus pucheranii)
1083:Red-tailed squirrel
840:10.3897/vz.64.e31471
402:Biology and behavior
397:, Israel, and Jordan
1373:(Sciurus spadiceus)
1343:Caucasian squirrel
1161:(Sciurus pyrrhinus)
1159:Junín red squirrel
1153:(Sciurus flammifer)
1131:Guayaquil squirrel
1123:Sanborn's squirrel
1117:(Sciurus richmondi)
1059:Brazilian squirrel
728:Gavish, L. (1993).
40:Conservation status
24:Caucasian squirrel
1345:(Sciurus anomalus)
1317:(Sciurus vulgaris)
1301:(Sciurus oculatus)
1299:Peters's squirrel
1267:Japanese squirrel
1253:(Sciurus colliaei)
1251:Collie's squirrel
1125:(Sciurus sanborni)
1091:Bolivian squirrel
1061:(Sciurus aestuans)
827:Vertebrate Zoology
617:"Family Sciuridae"
447:
439:
406:The squirrels are
237:Caucasian squirrel
1736:Mammals of Turkey
1703:
1702:
1472:Taxon identifiers
1463:
1462:
1425:Douglas squirrel
1323:Yucatan squirrel
1259:Deppe's squirrel
1219:Allen's squirrel
1199:Abert's squirrel
1181:(Sciurus griseus)
1101:(Sciurus ingrami)
1093:(Sciurus ignitus)
950:(Dwarf squirrels)
795:on April 28, 2012
694:978-3-11-025457-0
632:978-0-8018-8221-0
577:Mammalian Species
233:
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16:Species of rodent
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1667:NHMSYS0000377197
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1524:Sciurus_anomalus
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1510:Sciurus anomalus
1499:
1498:
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1480:Sciurus anomalus
1467:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:(Pine squirrels)
1359:
1339:
1261:(Sciurus deppei)
1221:(Sciurus alleni)
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1201:(Sciurus aberti)
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1147:
1107:Andean squirrel
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818:Sciurus anomalus
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510:Sciurus anomalus
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463:Concern" by the
381:Zagros Mountains
377:S. a. pallescens
278:Sciurus anomalus
247:Persian squirrel
242:Sciurus anomalus
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207:S. a. pallescens
181:
179:Sciurus anomalus
161:S. anomalus
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1293:(Sciurus niger)
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1151:Fiery squirrel
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1017:Rheithrosciurus
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1172:Hesperosciurus
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851:External links
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371:S. a. anomalus
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1269:(Sciurus lis)
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1408:Tamiasciurus
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1144:Hadrosciurus
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932:Sciuromorpha
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797:. Retrieved
790:the original
760:cite journal
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663:17 September
661:. Retrieved
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1584:iNaturalist
1504:Wikispecies
889:(subfamily
537:16 February
292:Description
194:Subspecies
186:Güldenstädt
1710:Categories
1356:Urosciurus
1192:Otosciurus
930:Suborder:
483:References
1354:Subgenus
1334:Subgenus
1210:Subgenus
1190:Subgenus
1170:Subgenus
1142:Subgenus
1050:Subgenus
906:Kingdom:
891:Sciurinae
887:Sciuridae
361:pistachio
259:found in
155:Species:
137:Sciuridae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1654:12400093
1602:10239179
1489:Wikidata
1456:Category
926:Rodentia
920:Mammalia
914:Chordata
912:Phylum:
908:Animalia
895:Sciurini
641:26158608
599:88672263
475:and the
437:, Turkey
419:arboreal
313:Gökçeada
133:Family:
127:Rodentia
117:Mammalia
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1721:Sciurus
1641:1001677
1576:5219670
1537:1037655
1495:Q756912
1212:Sciurus
1040:Sciurus
924:Order:
918:Class:
799:14 July
435:Suşehri
408:diurnal
391:Lebanon
346:Sciurus
337:Sciurus
256:Sciurus
249:, is a
148:Sciurus
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1680:425181
1615:632422
1550:305735
897:tribe)
691:
639:
629:
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460:Levant
359:, and
329:Jordan
325:Israel
317:Lesbos
286:author
188:, 1785
1693:86767
1628:20000
1597:IRMNG
1589:46015
1336:Tenes
823:(PDF)
793:(PDF)
786:(PDF)
595:S2CID
395:Syria
333:genus
245:) or
1675:NCBI
1623:IUCN
1610:ITIS
1571:GBIF
801:2013
766:link
689:ISBN
665:2016
637:OCLC
627:ISBN
539:2022
522:2016
415:dens
357:pine
327:and
321:Iran
315:and
235:The
1662:NBN
1649:MSW
1636:MDD
1532:EoL
1519:ADW
835:doi
748:doi
585:doi
526:doi
353:oak
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
