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French
Protestantism, fights with the Catholic Church, and the development of ideas of liberty and freedom". ICOMOS considered that this element was not of universal significance, but of national significance only as sites elsewhere in Europe also testify to the persecution of Protestants and the impact thereof on national history. In 2009, ICOMOS also requested that France justify the boundary of the property and provide a basis for managing and sustaining the site's agro-pastoral traditions. When France resubmitted its nomination file, focus was laid on the historic aspect of pastoralism and its impact to the site's cultural development, while reference to the site's testament to historical events, Criterion (vi), was dropped. The site successfully inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2011.
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Ages reinforced the agro-pastoral systems, and they are still present in the area today. Between the 16th and 18th centuries, Cévennes became renowned for its chestnut, sheep, and silk production, which led to a boom in population and the building of large farmhouses. However, a combination of silkworm disease and the
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to allow for sheep and cattle pastures. Between the 12th and 14th centuries monastic orders took control of the area, putting stronger irrigation systems and a road system in place. The founding of these religious orders and development of nearby cities in the surrounding plains throughout the Middle
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recommending deferring inscription. France framed
Criterion (v) for the site as being the "last bastion of the agropastoral system in Western Europe" while ICOMOS considered this to not be the case. Criterion (vi) was framed as the site "keeps alive the memory of episodes related to the diffusion of
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in the area during the Middle Ages are still operational today, including roof cisterns, ponds, and granaries. The road system developed in the 12th century for the droving of sheep and cattle is likewise still used by farmers. In total, there are 300 kilometers of the medieval droving roads within
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abbeys in the early Middle Ages, divert runoff from the higher mountains into a system of conduits and underground channels which then irrigate stone terraces at each farm. This irrigation method is still in use today. In addition, the agricultural advances made by the
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The world heritage site encompasses many of the structures vital for the continued pastoralism in the area. The irrigation systems, developed and controlled first by
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531:"'Les Causses et les Cévennes paysage Culturel de l'agro-pastoralisme méditerranéen: Candidature à l'inscription sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO'"
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The site was originally added to France's
Tentative List in 2002 and was considered for inscription by the Committee at its 30th session in
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In the relatively open landscape of the
Causses, low stone buildings are used for housing sheep during the winter, called
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retain numerous testimonies of this evolution of pastoralism over 3000 years. During the
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evolved over time to reflect all types of
Mediterranean agro-pastoral systems, including
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Les
Causses et Les Cévennes, paysage culturel de l'agro-pastoralisme méditerranéen
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578:"The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape"
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The
Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape
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Florac and the Cévennes
National Park seen from Causse Méjean
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began an emigration from the region towards larger cities.
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380:. Loire Valley World Heritage. 5 June 2009
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450:Causses and Cévennes (France): No 1153rev
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16:UNESCO World Heritage Site in France
514:33COM 8B.3, Decision: 33 COM 8B.32"
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496:Evaluation of Cultural Properties
474:Evaluation of Cultural Properties
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498:WHC-06/30.COM/INF.8B.1, pg. 100.
332:Inscription history and criteria
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452:(Report). ICOMOS. 10 March 2011
121:312,425 ha (772,020 acres)
113:302,319 ha (747,050 acres)
801:World Heritage Sites in France
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344:under criteria (v) and (vi).
239:with over three millennia of
583:"The Criteria for Selection"
553:. World Heritage Convention.
551:"The Criteria for Selection"
536:. World Heritage Convention.
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417:. World Heritage Convention
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83:Cultural: (iii), (v)
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747:World Heritage in Danger
354:World Heritage Committee
476:WHC-06/30.COM/INF.8B.1"
356:at its 35th session in
762:By year of inscription
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675:Northern and Central
623:World Heritage Sites
169:44.22028°N 3.47306°E
133:.causses-et-cevennes
20:Causses and Cévennes
512:Report on Decisions
233:World Heritage Site
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752:Former sites
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454:. Retrieved
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382:. Retrieved
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272:transhumance
264:transhumance
260:silvopasture
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574:(in French)
456:27 November
421:27 November
326:les Jasses
313:Benedictine
268:Mont Lozère
172: /
147:Coordinates
101:2011 (35th
98:Inscription
795:Categories
757:By country
384:11 October
364:References
321:the site.
292:Bronze Age
157:44°13′13″N
680:Southeast
655:Caribbean
641:Americas
630:Locations
342:Lithuania
243:history.
160:3°28′23″E
88:Reference
710:Southern
705:Northern
685:Southern
296:clearcut
288:Cévennes
286:and the
256:Cévennes
79:Criteria
63:Location
55:Cévennes
53:and the
816:Hérault
806:Aveyron
740:Related
722:Oceania
715:Western
700:Eastern
696:Europe
690:Western
670:Eastern
338:Vilnius
284:Causses
278:History
252:Causses
228:) is a
126:Website
103:Session
92:1153rev
51:Causses
821:Lozère
637:Africa
346:ICOMOS
237:France
230:UNESCO
222:French
72:France
666:Asia
619:Lists
534:(PDF)
517:(PDF)
479:(PDF)
358:Paris
811:Gard
458:2021
423:2021
386:2013
282:The
254:and
110:Area
49:The
621:of
137:/en
135:.fr
131:www
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
