309:, concerns were raised by some Islanders about the way in which large holding ponds in "the back country, away from people" were circumventing the spirit of the ban on new high-capacity agricultural wells on P.E.I. A concerned group of Islanders toured an irrigation pond in Spring Valley. Elizabeth Irving, who is a fifth generation family member of the 135-family Irving group and the manager of Indian River Farms said that a study undertaken by a hydrologist contracted by Indian River Farm, suggested that farming only uses "less than one percent of the annual recharge from
172:—the potato industry employs—directly or indirectly— about 12% of the Island's workforce, and contributes over $ 1 billion annually to the P.E.I. which represents 10.8% of the province's GDP. In 2013, about 88,000 acres of potatoes were grown on P.E.I. Of the three types of potatoes harvested table potatoes, seed potatoes, and processing potatoes, about 60% of P.E.I. are "manufactured into French fries, potato chips, and many other products."
211:, the authors write that an "inventory of groundwater is necessary for efficient water resource management, especially in relation to growing groundwater demands for agricultural use. It is neither feasible nor economical to install and manage monitoring groundwater wells in a place like Prince Edward Island, which consists of 260 watersheds for efficient water management."
392:
began a three-year
Enhanced Agronomy Initiative, which is led by the Potato Board's Ryan Barrett. to "increase yields and profits." All four partners are jointly funding the Initiative, which will cost $ 180,000 a year for the three years. The growers funding is paid through a "special check-off on
233:
CBC News reported on May 14, 2018, that "French-fry giant
Cavendish Farms" had "reiterated its desire to see the end of a moratorium on new high-capacity agricultural wells" which Irving said would help P.E.I. potato farmers "stay competitive". At the Greater Charlottetown Area Chamber of Commerce's
299:
Indian River Farms, which is also owned Irving group of companies, is managed by
Elizabeth Irving, who is a fifth generation family member. Indian River Farms was established in 1992 and has a staff of about 20 to 49. Its main production is Irish potatoes. In the late 2010s, during a period of long
290:
to "purchase parcels of land totalling 2,221 acres in the
Summerside area currently owned by Brendel Farms Ltd." The Lands Protection Act "set limits on land ownership of 1,000 acres for individuals, and 3,000 acres for corporations." In response to the concerns, Mary Jean Irving said that she has
264:
In a May 2020, CBC interview, the United Potato
Growers of Canada (UPG)'s general manager, Kevin MacIsaac, said that "french fry processors are asking their growers to plant anywhere from 15 to 35 per cent fewer" potatoes in 2020, which had resulted in a surplus of "80 million pounds of unsold seed
265:
potatoes". A veteran potato farmer from
Grahams Road, P.E.I. who had farmed since the 1970s, said that he had "700,000 pounds of unsold seed potatoes in cold storage" that in a normal year would have yielded over "10 million pounds of potatoes in the fall, ready to be processed into french fries."
204:
The major source of water supplies in Prince Edward Island—both industrial and potable—is groundwater from 260 watersheds that are "relatively small and non-contiguous." In the late 2010s, the agriculture sector's demand for supplemental irrigation, has presented several challenges for "water and
192:
Prince Edward Island implemented a moratorium on deep well irrigation in 2002, to protect its ground water supply. At an
October 2015, P.E.I. Environmental Advisory Committee meeting to draft a Water Act, Leo Broderick with the Council of Canadians said that the Island needs to "legislate a ban on
304:
began to construct large holding ponds of water "seeking to improve potato yields". By 2019, Indian River Farms had seven large holding ponds near Spring Valley and were building more. Electric pumps housed in sheds feed ground water into the large ponds, some of which are constructed on "raised
268:
The province provided "$ 4.7 million to pay for shipping and storage of processed potatoes in order to have
Cavendish Farms... use up existing stocks from Island growers". The P.E.I. Potato Board said that the provincial funds meant that 100 million pounds of P.E.I. potatoes were processed which
252:
P.E.I. farm owner, Douglas
Campbell, who is District Director of the National Farmers Union, expressed concern that "family farms will disappear unless they are forced under the umbrella of the industrial sector, the processors and retailer. Farmers are often under pressure to use farm practices
260:
Campbell raised concerns that the $ 4.7 million relief fund announced by the PEI Minister of
Agriculture was largely "destined" for the Irving group of companies. When Cavendish Farms became aware that they had access to government pandemic relief funds, they told their potato producers under
200:
The Ministry of Environment provides an online—both historical and real-time—of groundwater levels (GWLs) with data from 14 groundwater level observation wells across PEI: Baltic, Bear River, Bloomfield, Caledonia, Georgetown, Knutsford, Lakeside, New Dominon, New Zealand Road, Riverdale,
183:
P.E.I.'s potato industry is the "biggest economic driver in the province". In 2017, P.E.I. had the " largest potato crop in Canada", according to Statistics Canada." "Processing potatoes into french fries and other frozen products represents up to 70 per cent of the industry."
256:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, with inter-provincial borders already closed, Cavendish Farms said that because of a surplus of potatoes, that the "P.E.I. potato producers under contract to supply" Cavendish Farms with potatoes should "sell to other markets if they can".
153:. It was established in 1980. The New Annan facility employs about 700 people. It is "one of the largest employers on Prince Edward Island. Cavendish Farms is the "largest private-sector employer on P.E.I." About 80 P.E.I. farmers grow potatoes for Cavendish Farms.
234:
annual general meeting, the company president, Robert K. Irving—who was the keynote speaker—said that without "supplemental irrigation" is needed when low rainfalls and drought-type conditions would mean below-average yields during potato growing season."
291:
been on the "Island and growing potatoes for 29 years" and her two daughters are also interested in farming. Irving said that "neither J. D. Irving group of companies, nor its subsidiary Cavendish Farms, were involved with the proposed land purchases".
205:
resource managers". Because of the uneven topography of the island and its "relatively small and non-contiguous watersheds", "pumping groundwater has ... raised concerns for groundwater sustainability." In their January 2020 article in the journal
281:
raised concerns that the spirit of the province's 1980s Lands Protection Act was not being respected as three farm corporations,—Galloway Farms Ltd., Long River Farms Ltd. and Indian River Farms Ltd.—all naming Mary Jean Irving, the daughter of
241:, reduced rainfall in many areas is predicted to increase the need for irrigation of potato crops. Potatoes require 8.4 gallons of water needed to produce 100 grams of each crop, which is quite efficient compared to corn.
349:
By 2020, the New Annan facility, which employs 700, was "one of the largest employers in the Prince Edward Island" In 2017 the company constructed a "50 million pound refrigerated storage facility."
161:
In 1980, Irving Group purchased C.M. Mclean potato and vegetable processing facility in PEI Canada and renamed it Cavendish Farms. In 2001, Cavendish Farms acquired its "first US processing plant in
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1235:
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Cavendish Farms is the 4th largest processor of frozen potato products in North America, and the "largest private-sector employer" on P.E.I. Prince Edward Island is known for its
1230:
244:
In July 2018, Cavendish Farms announced that because of a shortage of Island potatoes, they would be closing their fresh packaging facility in O’Leary and laying off 40 workers.
1051:
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berms, above ground level". All are supplied with groundwater from "multiple low-capacity wells nearby" using electric pumps, housed in sheds. In a July 4, 2019 article in
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337:. Cavendish Farms has potato processing plants in New Annan, Prince Edward Island, Lethbridge, Alberta, and Jamestown, North Dakota, and an appetizer plant in
237:
Potatoes are sensitive to soil water deficits compared to other crops such as wheat, and need frequent irrigation, especially while tubers are growing. With
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218:. In 2017, because of "limited availability of potatoes on the Island" the company imported 150 million pounds of potatoes in 2017 from New Brunswick,
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286:, and/or one or both of her two daughters, Rebecca and Elizabeth Irving, as shareholders and directors—submitted 32 applications to the
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Cavendish Farms partnered with Holland College's Culinary Institute of Canada to establish the Cavendish Culinary Creation Center.
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By 2016, yields for P.E.I. process growers were not increasing at pace with other North American regions, according to
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238:
779:"Groundwater Estimation from Major Physical Hydrology Components Using Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning"
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Yields for P.E.I. process growers were not increasing at pace with other North American regions, according to
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contract to supply, that they plan on taking "potatoes from the growers and produce marketable french fries".
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which they know are destructive. In PEI alone thousands of farm families have been pushed off the land."
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763:. Proceedings of the 57th Canadian Geotechnical Conference. Vol. 57. Quebec, QC, Canada. p. 8.
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126:
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Afzaal, Hassan; Farooque, Aitazaz A.; Abbas, Farhat; Acharya, Bishnu; Esau, Travis (January 2020).
410:
761:
Application of Numerical Modeling to Groundwater Assessment and Management in Prince Edward Island
388:. In May 2016, Cavendish Farms, its process growers, the government of PEI's Potato Board and the
841:
Piucci, Nicholas; Gotzmer, Asher; Josel, Sylvie; LaBay, Spenser; Solis, Samuel (June 4, 2015).
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338:
165:". Cavendish Farms is part of the family-owned Irving Group of Companies established in 1882.
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1101:
845:. Crop Substitution for Improved Water Efficiency. FAO Water Development and Management Unit
790:
1174:
610:"As potatoes become cattle feed, farmers wonder what the post-COVID new normal will bring"
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269:"protected $ 13 million in revenues" for the potato producers, roughly 80 Island farmers.
207:
201:
Sleepyhollow, Souris Line Road, Souris River Road, St. Charles, Summerside GST, and York.
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448:"Shortage of potatoes leads Cavendish Farms to close fresh packaging facility in O'Leary"
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93:
710:""Opening salvo" fired in P.E.I. battle over deep well irrigation vs water protection"
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879:. Letters to the Editor. Charlottetown. National Farmers Union in PEI. Archived from
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538:"Layoffs expected at Cavendish Farms on Prince Edward Island because of coronavirus"
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1169:
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842:
194:
880:
373:, Alberta in 2013 and in 2017, opened a new frozen potato processing plant there.
817:"New initiative designed to boost yields and profits for P.E.I. process growers"
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their processing contracts". The Initiative's steering committee also includes
1074:
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911:"P.E.I. government silent amid growing concern over corporate land ownership"
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569:"Cavendish Farms reiterates call to lift moratorium on high-capacity wells"
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stretches of dry weather" on the Island, potato growers in the area around
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By 2020, about 80 P.E.I. farmers grew potatoes for Cavendish Farms.
993:"PEI Potato Industry Partners Launch Enhanced Agronomy Initiative"
227:
230:, according to Ron Clow, the General Manager of Cavendish Farms.
1022:
759:
Jiang, Yefang; Somers, George; Mutch, Jamie (October 26, 2004).
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149:. It is the 4th largest processor of frozen potato products in
107:
683:"Prince Edward Island has the largest potato crop in Canada"
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is a Canadian food processing company and subsidiary of the
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Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (May 10, 2017).
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962:"P.E.I. Potato board wants to grow yields and markets"
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937:"Islanders speak out about irrigation holding ponds"
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16:Private Canadian company owned by KC Irving family
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1241:Food and drink companies based in New Brunswick
1236:Multinational companies headquartered in Canada
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1231:Food and drink companies established in 1980
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369:The company acquired a processing plant in
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737:Toolkit, Web Experience (March 21, 2016).
193:deep well irrigation to prevent long-term
18:
968:. Charlottetown, PEI. September 30, 2017
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288:Island Regulatory and Appeals Commission
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357:Cavendish Farms acquired facilities in
179:Potato industry in Prince Edward Island
1226:Canadian companies established in 1980
478:
468:
567:Ramlakhan, Krystalle (May 14, 2018).
7:
361:in 2001—its first processing plant.
302:Spring Valley, Prince Edward Island
277:In 2019, the P.E.I. chapter of the
188:Ground water (Prince Edward Island)
1251:Privately held companies of Canada
815:Walker, Angela (August 12, 2016).
14:
909:Campbell, Kerry (March 1, 2019).
871:Campbell, Douglas (May 7, 2020).
664:"Potato planting season underway"
843:"Crop Water Information: Potato"
708:Patterson, Brent (20 May 2018).
608:Campbell, Kerry (May 29, 2020).
446:News, E. I. N. (July 30, 2018).
399:Dalhousie Faculty of Agriculture
395:Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
129:and potato processing plants in
1216:Agriculture companies of Canada
935:Higgins, Brian (July 4, 2019).
873:"Where Your Money Goes Matters"
345:New Annan, Prince Edward Island
131:New Annan, Prince Edward Island
123:J. D. Irving group of companies
1117:New Brunswick Southern Railway
670:. Charlottetown. May 10, 2013.
1:
739:"View Groundwater Level Data"
638:"PEI Potato Board Governance"
514:"Our Story - Cavendish Farms"
456:O'Leary, Prince Edward Island
321:The company's head office is
145:, and an appetizer plant in
48:; 44 years ago
1272:
125:. Its headquarters are in
1211:Irving Group of Companies
1061:Irving Group of Companies
421:Irving Group of Companies
390:Department of Agriculture
714:The Council of Canadians
359:Jamestown, North Dakota
353:Jamestown, North Dakota
163:Jamestown, North Dakota
143:Jamestown, North Dakota
1127:Maine Northern Railway
1107:Kent Building Supplies
325:with sales offices in
279:National Farmers Union
1165:James Dergavel Irving
1122:Eastern Maine Railway
1112:New Brunswick Railway
883:on September 24, 2020
323:Dieppe, New Brunswick
195:groundwater depletion
127:Dieppe, New Brunswick
66:Dieppe, New Brunswick
1221:Irrigation in Canada
313:and precipitation".
273:Lands Protection Act
1144:Irving Shipbuilding
1139:Acadia Broadcasting
411:J.D. Irving Limited
386:P.E.I. Potato Board
216:P.E.I. Potato Board
21:
1246:Frozen food brands
481:has generic name (
295:Indian River Farms
1198:
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999:. August 10, 2016
796:10.3390/w12010005
401:representatives.
339:Wheatley, Ontario
248:Covid-19 pandemic
147:Wheatley, Ontario
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1102:Irving Equipment
1092:J.D. Irving Ltd.
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1190:Sarah Irving
1170:K. C. Irving
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1068:Subsidiaries
1001:. Retrieved
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966:The Guardian
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881:the original
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544:. 2020-04-14
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459:. Retrieved
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377:Partnerships
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