Knowledge (XXG)

Celo Community

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1579: 53: 314:, organizing cottage industries, and working for the settlement itself. Members also work off of the community. At times the work of the community has benefited the wider area. In 1962 Celo Community members Elizabeth and Ernest Morgan founded the Arthur Morgan School, a Quaker boarding school for students in 7th-9th grades. Physicians at Celo once ran a clinic open to people from outside the community and offering medical services for relatively low prices. 60: 368:
confined there about Celo, and invited them to move to the community when the war ended. This group proved a receptive audience, and when the war ended several families moved to the community. Celo had a stable population by 1948. In that year, Camp Celo, a Quaker summer camp, was established by Doug
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In these early years, Celo was populated mostly with Quakers and pacifists, a legacy left by Morgan's recruitment in the conscientious objector camps. Early growth was constant, but slowed during the 1950s due to conflicts with ex-members. By the 1960s however, national movements of communal living,
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In 1959, the community restated its goals. Among these were “to pay allegiance to our common humanity overshadowing religious, racial, economic or political differences.” Members are expected to work “at a calling that will provide simple but adequate living…to raise some of their own food and in
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system, by which members may own personal homes, but the land itself (including the land under those homes) is owned by the community. Land is never sold to members, but is assigned for periods of time on the condition that members live harmoniously with the land and their neighbors. Money is
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explained the cooperative element of Celo by employing a metaphor, which he named “human uranium.” Morgan explained that although a cubic yard of granite contains enough uranium to blow up a mountain, the particles have no effect when separated. Only when brought together, in what is called a
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Intentional Communities: 1959 Yearbook of the Fellowship of Intentional Communities (Yellow Springs, Ohio: Fellowship of Intentional Communities, 1959), 28. Quoted in Miller, Timothy. The Quest for Utopia in Twentieth Century America. Volume I: 1900-1960. Syracuse University Press: 1998. pp
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The Community accepts new members by consensus. A vote is held at regular meetings of the community. New admits must receive an affirmative vote with no more than fifteen percent of those present and voting dissenting. Members may also vote to dismiss members from the community.
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During the first few years, Celo experienced frequent turnover of residents and difficulty in recruitment of members as the community struggled to establish a clear identity and direction. During this time, Celo also suffered from attacks for its opposition to World War II.
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In 2021, Celo was home to 79 adult members. The community has a slow membership process, and has a waiting list of families hoping to be admitted. Families who are unable to live at Celo due to a long waiting list have begun settling on the community's periphery.
1460: 334:, to suggest one. Morgan suggested he underwrite the founding of an intentional community. Regnery's beliefs seemed, at first glance, to clash with Morgan's vision for a communal settlement: he was a conservative and mild anti-Semite who opposed the 270:
The Celo Community Constitution states as its overriding purpose “to provide an opportunity for its members to enjoy a life that includes personal expression, neighborly friendship and cooperation, and appreciative care of the natural environment.”
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occasionally lent to community members for the purpose of improving land. In the words of the Celo Community Constitution, this system is meant to “encourage personal enterprise among members by making land and money available” for productive use.
397:, abbreviated "Cfb" on climate maps. The highest temperature recorded in Celo was 97 °F (36.1 °C) on June 25–26, 1952 and June 28, 1952, while the lowest temperature recorded was −16 °F (−26.7 °C) on January 21, 1985. 275:
doing so to conserve rather than deplete the land.” The community also stated as a central goal “to rear our children in a wholesome environment where they can become acquainted with nature and be stimulated by intellectual freedom.”
258:. The community does not require its members to accept any religion or ideology, but is based on ideals of cooperation between residents and care for the natural environment. However, its membership is predominantly 1747: 1517: 1732: 345:
Morgan, Regnery, and Morgan's son, Griscom Morgan, chose the land that would become Celo. A board of directors was formed, including among its members Morgan, Regnery, and
342:. However, his belief in the virtue of self-reliant rural farmers overrode all of these characteristics, and he agreed. With his philanthropy, Celo was on its way. 1742: 1737: 1425:
Lockyer, Joshua. Seeing Like a Commons: Eighty Years of Intentional Community Building and Commons Stewardship in Celo, North Carolina. Lexington Press: 2021.
52: 1510: 1604: 294:, a cooperative retail crafts store, and Cabin Fever University, a program for sharing knowledge and skills as well as for organizing social events. 1503: 1238: 1752: 1324:
Miller, Timothy. The Quest for Utopia in Twentieth Century America. Volume I: 1900-1960. Syracuse University Press: 1998. pp 157–158
1267: 287:,” can they exercise power. Morgan saw people in the same way: when brought together with common goals and ideals they have great power. 350: 214: 1495: 390: 1204: 1624: 1702: 1527: 235: 116: 81: 1259: 1654: 1639: 1614: 1568: 1549: 1679: 1634: 374: 255: 1673: 259: 1629: 1599: 361: 1609: 365: 223: 1649: 1644: 339: 1709: 331: 279: 247: 164: 310:
The Community does not provide jobs for its residents. Members have worked on the community running
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Historically and today, cooperation has been at the forefront of the community's mission. Founder
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Code of Regulations of Celo Community, Inc., Article 3 (“Members”). Reprinted in Hicks, 221.
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with its own rules of taxation and land tenure that runs its internal government by
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Climate data for Celo, North Carolina, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present
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Experimental Americans: Celo and Utopian community in the twentieth century
1693:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties 335: 1402:"Summer Camp Fund: At Camp Celo, kids can enjoy old-fashioned summers" 1490: 1367: 1560: 262:. Celo has 40 families living on its 1,200 acres (4.9 km). 1499: 1278:
Celo Community Constitution, preamble. Reprinted in Hicks, 226.
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camps in an attempt to recruit community members. He told the
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was looking for a social project to fund. He asked a friend,
1577: 377:, and radicalism led the population to flourish once again. 1748:
Unincorporated communities in Yancey County, North Carolina
1485: 1461:"U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Celo 2 S, NC" 206: 290:
Examples of Celo's cooperative element include a food
215: 197: 203: 1688: 1664: 1588: 1559: 194: 175: 170: 160: 142: 132: 122: 112: 32: 1252: 1250: 1463:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 369:and Ruby Moody on a holding of community land. 246:of Celo and Hamrick. It was founded in 1937 by 1511: 360:In the midst of World War II, Morgan visited 8: 1733:Intentional communities in the United States 59: 1439:"NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Greenville" 1518: 1504: 1496: 1433: 1431: 400: 29: 1320: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1233:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1224: 1222: 1220: 1216: 326:In 1936, wealthy Chicago industrialist 169: 141: 76: 45: 1333:Celo Community Constitution, preamble. 1743:1937 establishments in North Carolina 174: 159: 131: 121: 111: 7: 1738:Populated places established in 1937 1268:Fellowship for Intentional Community 27:Communal settlement in Yancey County 1186:Source 2: National Weather Service 1526:Municipalities and communities of 1257:Website of Intentional Communities 351:American Friends Service Committee 222:) is a communal settlement in the 25: 179:1.9 sq mi (4.9 km) 1344:"History | Arthur Morgan School" 230:, United States, located in the 190: 58: 51: 1205:List of intentional communities 1: 1529:Yancey County, North Carolina 1298:The History of Celo Community 1017:Average snowfall inches (cm) 391:Köppen Climate Classification 349:, executive secretary of the 1491:Arthur Morgan School Website 302:The community is based on a 186:Celo Community, Incorporated 1753:Quakerism in North Carolina 1087:Average precipitation days 733:Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 593:Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 148:; 87 years ago 1769: 1441:. National Weather Service 1185: 1180: 403: 1698: 1575: 1540: 1229:Hicks, George L. (2001). 1133: 1086: 1016: 942: 872: 802: 732: 662: 592: 522: 452: 447: 444: 441: 438: 435: 432: 429: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 77: 46: 39: 366:conscientious objectors 362:Civilian Public Service 1582: 1406:The Charlotte Observer 1372:arthurmorganschool.org 1348:arthurmorganschool.org 1704:North Carolina portal 1581: 803:Mean minimum °F (°C) 523:Mean maximum °F (°C) 340:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1711:United States portal 1400:Bolling, Christina. 453:Record high °F (°C) 393:system, Celo has an 248:Arthur Ernest Morgan 244:unincorporated areas 165:Arthur Ernest Morgan 66:Celo Community, Inc. 34:Celo Community, Inc. 18:Celo, North Carolina 1266:, A Project of the 1134:Average snowy days 873:Record low °F (°C) 663:Daily mean °F (°C) 238:, in the South Toe 93: /  41:Communal settlement 1583: 1262:2013-07-06 at the 328:William H. Regnery 176: • Total 1720: 1719: 1486:Camp Celo Website 1300:by Ernest Morgan. 1240:978-0-252-02661-4 1190: 1189: 389:According to the 266:Mission and goals 224:Western mountains 183: 182: 16:(Redirected from 1760: 1712: 1705: 1580: 1552: 1545: 1535: 1530: 1520: 1513: 1506: 1497: 1473: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1457: 1451: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1435: 1426: 1423: 1417: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1397: 1391: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1379: 1378: 1364: 1358: 1357: 1355: 1354: 1340: 1334: 1331: 1325: 1322: 1301: 1295: 1289: 1285: 1279: 1276: 1270: 1254: 1245: 1244: 1226: 1137: 1090: 401: 375:back-to-the-land 347:Clarence Pickett 218: 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 202: 199: 196: 156: 154: 149: 108: 107: 105: 104: 103: 98: 94: 91: 90: 89: 86: 62: 61: 55: 30: 21: 1768: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1761: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1710: 1703: 1694: 1684: 1660: 1591: 1584: 1578: 1573: 1555: 1550: 1543: 1536: 1533: 1528: 1524: 1482: 1477: 1476: 1466: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1454: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1436: 1429: 1424: 1420: 1410: 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Retrieved 1455: 1443:. Retrieved 1421: 1409:. Retrieved 1405: 1395: 1386: 1375:. Retrieved 1371: 1362: 1351:. Retrieved 1347: 1338: 1329: 1293: 1283: 1274: 1230: 947:inches (mm) 388: 379: 371: 359: 355: 344: 325: 316: 309: 301: 289: 277: 273: 269: 250:. Celo is a 242:between the 185: 184: 1666:Ghost towns 1655:Wolf Laurel 1592:communities 1544:County seat 1089:(≥ 0.01 in) 143:Established 100: / 1727:Categories 1640:Ramseytown 1615:Cane River 1605:Bent Creek 1569:Burnsville 1551:Burnsville 1377:2017-02-19 1353:2017-02-19 1211:References 1136:(≥ 0.1 in) 304:land trust 298:Operations 252:land trust 234:valley of 161:Founded by 1689:Footnotes 1680:Lost Cove 1635:Micaville 1467:April 13, 1445:April 13, 1200:Camp Celo 312:Camp Celo 256:consensus 1674:Boonford 1411:14 April 1260:Archived 1194:See also 1082:(32.61) 1012:(1,636) 943:Average 868:(−16.3) 863:(−11.8) 813:(−11.9) 808:(−14.9) 336:New Deal 240:Township 1630:Higgins 1600:Bee Log 1072:(0.51) 858:(−7.8) 853:(−3.1) 838:(10.9) 823:(−3.1) 818:(−8.4) 793:(−3.4) 788:(−0.8) 778:(11.2) 773:(14.6) 768:(15.2) 763:(13.1) 748:(−0.1) 743:(−3.3) 738:(−5.2) 728:(11.2) 713:(11.6) 708:(17.0) 703:(20.1) 698:(20.7) 693:(18.8) 688:(15.4) 683:(11.3) 658:(17.5) 648:(13.2) 643:(18.2) 638:(22.8) 633:(25.6) 628:(26.3) 623:(24.6) 618:(21.7) 613:(18.4) 608:(13.2) 588:(31.8) 583:(19.4) 578:(22.5) 573:(26.1) 568:(29.0) 563:(30.5) 558:(31.1) 553:(30.4) 548:(29.1) 543:(27.7) 538:(24.5) 533:(19.6) 528:(18.8) 385:Climate 322:History 260:Quakers 151: ( 133:Country 88:82°11′W 85:35°50′N 1610:Busick 1237:  1129:124.7 1077:(5.6) 1067:(0.0) 1062:(0.0) 1057:(0.0) 1052:(0.0) 1047:(0.0) 1042:(0.0) 1037:(1.3) 1032:(8.4) 1027:(5.8) 1007:(120) 1002:(115) 997:(109) 992:(152) 987:(143) 982:(147) 977:(147) 972:(150) 967:(152) 962:(134) 957:(118) 952:(149) 938:(−27) 933:(−26) 928:(−18) 923:(−13) 893:(−12) 888:(−22) 883:(−23) 878:(−27) 848:(3.9) 843:(9.7) 833:(7.1) 828:(1.6) 798:(5.0) 783:(4.9) 758:(9.1) 753:(4.2) 723:(2.8) 718:(6.2) 678:(6.6) 673:(3.0) 668:(1.0) 653:(9.1) 603:(9.3) 598:(7.2) 409:Month 113:County 1650:Swiss 1645:Sioux 1114:12.5 1111:12.3 1108:12.8 1105:11.5 1102:10.6 1099:11.1 1022:(11) 1010:64.34 918:(−3) 903:(−2) 898:(−7) 518:(36) 513:(25) 508:(27) 503:(31) 498:(34) 493:(35) 488:(35) 483:(36) 478:(33) 473:(32) 468:(30) 463:(27) 458:(27) 448:Year 292:co-op 123:State 1620:Celo 1561:Town 1469:2023 1447:2023 1413:2016 1288:157. 1235:ISBN 1176:5.3 1173:1.3 1170:0.2 1167:0.0 1164:0.0 1161:0.0 1158:0.0 1155:0.0 1152:0.0 1149:0.2 1146:0.7 1143:1.2 1140:1.7 1126:9.9 1123:8.3 1120:7.0 1117:9.5 1096:9.5 1093:9.7 1080:12.7 1005:4.71 1000:4.52 995:4.29 990:6.00 985:5.62 980:5.77 975:5.77 970:5.90 965:5.98 960:5.27 955:4.64 950:5.87 913:(0) 908:(0) 861:10.7 856:17.9 851:26.4 846:39.0 841:49.4 836:51.7 831:44.8 826:34.8 821:26.5 816:16.9 811:10.5 796:40.9 791:25.9 786:30.6 781:40.9 776:52.1 771:58.3 766:59.3 761:55.5 756:48.4 751:39.6 746:31.8 741:26.0 736:22.7 726:52.2 721:37.1 716:43.2 711:52.8 706:62.6 701:68.1 696:69.3 691:65.9 686:59.7 681:52.4 676:43.8 671:37.4 666:33.8 656:63.4 651:48.3 646:55.8 641:64.7 636:73.1 631:78.0 626:79.4 621:76.3 616:71.0 611:65.1 606:55.8 601:48.7 596:44.9 586:89.3 581:66.9 576:72.5 571:79.0 566:84.2 561:86.9 556:88.0 551:86.8 546:84.4 541:81.9 536:76.1 531:67.2 526:65.8 445:Dec 442:Nov 439:Oct 436:Sep 433:Aug 430:Jul 427:Jun 424:May 421:Apr 418:Mar 415:Feb 412:Jan 338:and 219:-loh 171:Area 153:1937 146:1937 1075:2.2 1070:0.2 1065:0.0 1060:0.0 1055:0.0 1050:0.0 1045:0.0 1040:0.0 1035:0.5 1030:3.3 1025:2.3 1020:4.2 936:−16 931:−14 876:−16 866:2.7 806:5.2 226:of 217:SEE 1729:: 1547:: 1532:, 1430:^ 1404:. 1370:. 1346:. 1305:^ 1249:^ 1219:^ 926:−1 916:27 911:32 906:32 901:29 896:19 891:11 886:−7 881:−9 516:97 511:77 506:80 501:88 496:94 491:95 486:95 481:97 476:91 471:89 466:86 461:81 456:80 353:. 207:oʊ 201:iː 1676:‡ 1657:‡ 1519:e 1512:t 1505:v 1471:. 1449:. 1415:. 1380:. 1356:. 1243:. 921:9 283:“ 210:/ 204:l 198:s 195:ˈ 192:/ 188:( 155:) 20:)

Index

Celo, North Carolina
Celo Community, Inc. is located in North Carolina
35°50′N 82°11′W / 35.83°N 82.18°W / 35.83; -82.18
Yancey County
North Carolina
United States
Arthur Ernest Morgan
/ˈsl/
SEE-loh
Western mountains
North Carolina
South Toe River
Yancey County
Township
unincorporated areas
Arthur Ernest Morgan
land trust
consensus
Quakers
Arthur Morgan
critical mass
co-op
land trust
Camp Celo
William H. Regnery
Arthur Morgan
New Deal
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Clarence Pickett
American Friends Service Committee

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