31:
1263:
1762:
1774:
149:
to receptors on T cells. The most important of these APCs are highly specialized dendritic cells; conceivably operating solely to ingest and present antigens. Activated effector T cells can be placed into three functioning classes, detecting
807:. Recently, there have been a large amount of NKp46 cells that express certain master s that allow them to be designated as a distinct lineage of natural killer cells termed ILC1s. ILC1s are characterized by the ability to produce
480:
Common innate lymphoid progenitors may then be differentiated into a natural killer progenitor (NKp) or a common helper like innate lymphoid progenitor (CHILp). NKp cells may then be induced to differentiate into
1747:
2842:
1812:
1174:
38:(outer three) surrounding a cancer cell. Lytic granules (red) are secreted at the contact site, killing the target. Cytotoxic T cells are powerful agents of cellular immunity.
2401:
3321:
2835:
1805:
1192:
2319:
1932:
2828:
3404:
3399:
3000:
1252:
3355:
2394:
1798:
1219:
3177:
1428:
473:(CLp) which then differentiates to become the common innate lymphoid progenitor (CILp) and the t-cell progenitor (Tp) through the process of
2387:
703:
1 cells are also characterized by the expression of chemokine receptors which allow their movement to sites of inflammation. The main
3394:
3172:
516:
T-cell progenitors may differentiate into naĂŻve CD8 cells or naĂŻve CD4 cells. NaĂŻve CD8 cells may then further differentiate into T
3031:
2733:
142:
3167:
984:
3213:
3075:
1737:
1459:
592:
1, and group 1 ILCS activate macrophages, converting them to potent effector cells. It provides defense against intracellular
3070:
2728:
1742:
3293:
2671:
1586:
1353:
3481:
3350:
2202:
2010:
684:
1013:
3252:
3055:
1576:
1212:
3283:
2961:
2557:
1433:
621:
470:
214:
3476:
3313:
3136:
1247:
3227:
2996:
2982:
2264:
1778:
1603:
1282:
1242:
126:
278:
that influence the function of other cells involved in adaptive immune responses and innate immune responses.
3491:
3100:
2863:
2737:
2495:
2366:
2285:
2154:
1499:
1277:
291:
1052:
1050:
1048:
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1042:
1040:
1038:
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30:
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1378:
1358:
1205:
246:
198:
3466:
2706:
2562:
2540:
1098:
1096:
1094:
205:
and cell-mediated components. Some cell-mediated components of the innate immune system include myeloid
3456:
3451:
3389:
3384:
3368:
3278:
3208:
3065:
2977:
2723:
2656:
2567:
2491:
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613:
438:
307:
194:
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2149:
2124:
1581:
1564:
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804:
704:
482:
264:
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3416:
3298:
3288:
3182:
3080:
3060:
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2603:
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962:
905:
843:
617:
3108:
1187:
3118:
3113:
2913:
2902:
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2159:
1716:
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1136:
1080:
954:
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889:
672:
362:
159:
3446:
3162:
3096:
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3008:
2949:
2876:
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2771:
2711:
2683:
2678:
2646:
2633:
2623:
2236:
2139:
1954:
1646:
1613:
1368:
1157:
1126:
1116:
1070:
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936:
881:
837:
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764:
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740:
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708:
668:
643:
577:
404:
389:
358:
330:
230:
202:
86:
62:
35:
2820:
89:, for which the protective function of immunization could be found in the humor (cell-free
3303:
3273:
3157:
3085:
2939:
2892:
2666:
2185:
1974:
1906:
1479:
1474:
1464:
748:
576:
Type 1 immunity makes use of the type 1 subset for each of these cell types. By secreting
490:
445:
134:
50:
868:
Ross
Russell, Amy L; Dryden, Matthew S; Pinto, Ashwin A; Lovett, Joanna K (2018-10-03).
271:
of cytotoxic granules (for natural killer cells) and phagocytosis (for macrophages); and
3187:
3141:
2934:
2693:
2638:
2579:
2499:
2472:
2251:
2231:
2180:
2024:
1969:
1949:
1944:
1866:
1830:
1651:
1628:
1534:
1529:
1469:
1454:
1418:
1303:
1131:
1104:
949:
924:
768:
680:
565:
545:
533:
521:
494:
486:
397:
381:
1262:
3435:
3362:
2954:
2661:
2550:
2331:
2241:
1886:
1549:
1504:
1413:
1228:
869:
832:
820:
720:
561:
553:
529:
510:
502:
474:
377:
373:
346:
175:
167:
114:
106:
966:
909:
885:
3257:
3047:
2929:
2918:
2628:
2613:
2608:
2545:
2443:
2356:
2290:
2259:
2119:
1984:
1876:
1839:
1822:
1701:
1686:
1598:
1539:
1438:
1408:
1317:
609:
605:
94:
90:
624:
all being implicated in type 1 immunity. Type 1 immunity consists of these cells:
1790:
2944:
2924:
2908:
2033:
1916:
1691:
1681:
1676:
1175:
functions%20in%20steady-state%20homeostasis%20and%20during%20immune%20challenge.
329:, turning them into potent effector cells. This is achieved by the secretion of
326:
290:
and microbes that infect non-phagocytic cells. It is most effective in removing
130:
82:
1163:
1075:
1058:
101:, for which the protective function of immunization was associated with cells.
2751:
2504:
2410:
2144:
2134:
2114:
2106:
2068:
2051:
2041:
1979:
1871:
1618:
1571:
1494:
1403:
1121:
287:
260:
187:
1193:
Cell-mediated immunity: How T cells recognize and respond to foreign antigens
893:
17:
2809:
2514:
2351:
2197:
2129:
2080:
2046:
1911:
1891:
1881:
1169:
299:
268:
234:
206:
163:
110:
66:
58:
1140:
1084:
958:
901:
1059:"The 3 major types of innate and adaptive cell-mediated effector immunity"
823:
in response to cytokine stimulation but have low or no cytotoxic ability.
779:
activation is required for both interferon gamma and cytolytic potential.
2799:
2584:
2572:
2530:
2484:
2448:
2324:
2218:
2097:
2085:
2061:
2056:
1844:
1721:
1623:
597:
593:
322:
318:
283:
275:
238:
229:
T-cell mediated immunity or T-cell immunity: activating antigen-specific
155:
54:
1171:
The 3 major types of innate and adaptive cell-mediated effector immunity
1105:"Innate lymphocytes—lineage, localization and timing of differentiation"
2867:
2804:
2618:
2467:
2438:
2226:
2073:
1661:
1554:
1332:
1327:
601:
314:
210:
183:
151:
146:
138:
118:
70:
1177:
Innate lymphocytes-lineage, localization and timing of differentiation
940:
3236:
2776:
2764:
2509:
2460:
2314:
2190:
1854:
1706:
1298:
816:
736:
732:
664:
303:
250:
122:
1166:
Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and
Disease. 5th edition.
85:
medicine system, the immune system was imagined into two branches:
3203:
2871:
2269:
1608:
800:
784:
776:
728:
688:
396:
17) were also discovered which are named after their secretion of
295:
267:
action: enabling the destruction of pathogens via recognition and
254:
242:
29:
1322:
1197:
780:
747:
secreted by these cells seems to be important in downregulating
712:
660:
506:
498:
457:
451:
2824:
2383:
1794:
1201:
1312:
1308:
812:
581:
334:
102:
1748:
List of largest biomedical companies by market capitalization
306:, and intracellular bacteria. It also plays a major role in
174:, which primarily function to activate macrophages, and 3)
117:, which are immature T cells that have yet to encounter an
727:
1 cells to sites of infection by releasing the chemokines
1057:
Annunziato, F; Romagnani, C; Romagnani, S (March 2015).
141:
in some circumstances, load antigenic peptides onto the
57:. Rather, cell-mediated immunity is the activation of
646:
producing group 1 ILCs(ILC1 and
Natural killer cells)
441:, they may be classified into three main categories
3377:
3343:
3334:
3312:
3266:
3245:
3226:
3196:
3150:
3135:
3094:
3046:
3039:
3025:
2995:
2970:
2885:
2862:
2792:
2750:
2692:
2593:
2523:
2431:
2424:
2344:
2304:
2278:
2250:
2217:
2170:
2105:
2096:
2032:
2023:
2003:
1931:
1853:
1838:
1829:
1730:
1637:
1517:
1447:
1396:
1387:
1346:
1291:
1270:
1235:
489:. CHILp cells may be induced to differentiate into
540:17 cells. NaĂŻve CD4 cells may differentiate into T
469:All type 1 cells begin their development from the
667:that the signature cytokines for these cells are
3322:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
923:Romo, MR; PĂ©rez-MartĂnez, D; Ferrer, CC (2016).
787:are the main chemokine receptors for this cell.
524:exposure, can induce the differentiation into T
349:may be differentiated into two main categories:
282:Cell-mediated immunity is directed primarily at
27:Immune response that does not involve antibodies
1063:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
675:. The main cytokine for differentiation into T
2836:
2395:
1806:
1213:
925:"Innate immunity in vertebrates: an overview"
294:, but also participates in defending against
241:of foreign antigen on their surface, such as
225:Cellular immunity protects the body through:
8:
1103:Kansler, Emily R.; Li, Ming O. (July 2019).
803:and were originally thought to only include
434:17 were discovered that also secrete IL-17.
154:antigens originating from various types of
3340:
3242:
3147:
3043:
3022:
2882:
2843:
2829:
2821:
2428:
2402:
2388:
2380:
2102:
2029:
1937:
1859:
1850:
1835:
1813:
1799:
1791:
1393:
1220:
1206:
1198:
978:
976:
274:Stimulating cells to secrete a variety of
145:(MHC) of the cell, in turn presenting the
1130:
1120:
1074:
1007:
1005:
948:
313:Type 1 immunity is directed primarily at
1253:Competitions and prizes in biotechnology
870:"Lyme disease: diagnosis and management"
182:, which primarily function to stimulate
121:, are converted into activated effector
53:that does not rely on the production of
3356:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
2320:Megakaryocyte–erythroid progenitor cell
855:
34:Immunofluorescence micrograph of three
863:
861:
859:
679:1 cells is IL-12 which is produced by
162:, which kill infected target cells by
3178:Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
795:Groups 1 ILCs are defined to include
536:can induce the differentiation into T
109:provide protection against different
7:
1773:
799:expressing the transcription factor
1164:Chapter 8:T Cell-Mediated Immunity
1109:Cellular & Molecular Immunology
325:and is responsible for activating
25:
3395:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
683:in response to the activation of
3032:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
1772:
1761:
1760:
1261:
771:promote differentiation toward T
460:which secrete type 17 cytokines.
430:cells, a third category called T
143:major histocompatibility complex
3214:Subacute bacterial endocarditis
3076:Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
1738:Index of biotechnology articles
886:10.1136/practneurol-2018-001998
454:which secrete type 2 cytokines,
448:which secrete type 1 cytokines,
2729:Immunoglobulin class switching
1743:List of biotechnology articles
1188:Cell-Mediated Immunity. Murphy
1018:British Society for Immunology
989:British Society for Immunology
763:These cells generally produce
1:
3294:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
1587:Genetically modified organism
1354:Biotechnology industrial park
685:pattern recognition receptors
604:. It is also responsible for
65:, and the release of various
3351:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
2011:Extramedullary hematopoiesis
840:(vs. cell-mediated immunity)
407:may also be categorized as:
245:-infected cells, cells with
166:without using cytokines, 2)
129:(APCs). These APCs, such as
3417:Systemic autoimmune disease
3253:Allergic contact dermatitis
3173:Hypersensitivity vasculitis
3056:Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
1577:Environmental biotechnology
751:in the epithelial barrier.
215:intraepithelial lymphocytes
158:: The first class being 1)
3513:
2923:common allergies include:
2558:Polyclonal B cell response
1076:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.001
659:It has been found in both
622:inflammatory bowel disease
471:common lymphoid progenitor
2177:Antigen-presenting cells
1965:
1940:
1902:
1862:
1756:
1259:
1248:Timeline of biotechnology
1160:(Encyclopædia Britannica)
1122:10.1038/s41423-019-0211-7
237:in body cells displaying
209:, innate lymphoid cells (
193:In another ideology, the
81:In the late 19th century
3168:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
2983:Eosinophilic esophagitis
2265:Nucleated red blood cell
1821:Myeloid blood cells and
1604:Microbial biodegradation
1283:Industrial biotechnology
1243:History of biotechnology
635:CD8 cytotoxic T cells (T
388:A third category called
233:that are able to induce
127:antigen-presenting cells
3284:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
3071:Guillain–Barré syndrome
2367:Hematopoietic stem cell
2286:Leukocyte extravasation
2155:Foreign-body giant cell
1278:Colors of biotechnology
767:. Interferon gamma and
63:cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
3385:Autoimmune adrenalitis
2672:Tolerance in pregnancy
2414:adaptive immune system
1672:Biomedical engineering
1379:Pharmaceutical company
1359:Biotechnology products
1158:Cell-mediated immunity
985:"Natural Killer Cells"
612:with diseases such as
372:2 cells which produce
357:1 cells which produce
247:intracellular bacteria
199:adaptive immune system
47:cell-mediated immunity
39:
2707:Somatic hypermutation
2541:Polyclonal antibodies
2536:Monoclonal antibodies
723:are able to recruit T
83:Hippocratic tradition
33:
3390:Autoimmune hepatitis
3369:Transplant rejection
3279:Giant cell arteritis
3209:Rheumatoid arthritis
3066:Goodpasture syndrome
2978:Autoimmune urticaria
2724:Junctional diversity
2492:Antigen presentation
2362:Hematopoietic system
2150:Langhans giant cells
1697:Chemical engineering
1560:Reproductive cloning
1424:Hybridoma technology
1374:Human Genome Project
805:natural killer cells
693:transcription factor
614:rheumatoid arthritis
483:natural killer cells
465:Development of cells
308:transplant rejection
292:virus-infected cells
195:innate immune system
3482:Infectious diseases
2856:autoimmune diseases
2719:V(D)J recombination
2702:Affinity maturation
2454:Antigenic variation
2125:Alveolar macrophage
1582:Genetic engineering
1565:Therapeutic cloning
1545:Bionic architecture
1525:Animal cell culture
1292:Biological concepts
983:Eissmann, Philipp.
874:Practical Neurology
707:on these cells are
705:chemokine receptors
265:natural killer cell
201:each comprise both
125:after encountering
61:, antigen-specific
3299:Reactive arthritis
3289:Multiple sclerosis
3183:Reactive arthritis
3081:Pemphigus vulgaris
3061:Bullous pemphigoid
2962:Penicillin allergy
2898:Allergic urticaria
2296:Intrinsic immunity
2160:Touton giant cells
1638:Interdisciplinary
1592:Molecular genetics
1338:Selective breeding
618:multiple sclerosis
426:Similarly to CD4 T
69:in response to an
40:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3330:
3329:
3222:
3221:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3119:Pernicious anemia
3114:Myasthenia gravis
2991:
2990:
2914:Atopic dermatitis
2903:Allergic rhinitis
2818:
2817:
2746:
2745:
2496:professional APCs
2377:
2376:
2340:
2339:
2213:
2212:
2140:Epithelioid cells
2019:
2018:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1927:
1926:
1788:
1787:
1717:Nanobiotechnology
1712:Molecular biology
1513:
1512:
1364:Biotechnology law
941:10.1111/imm.12597
691:is a distinctive
673:lymphotoxin alpha
405:cytotoxic T-cells
390:T helper 17 cells
363:lymphotoxin alpha
253:cells displaying
231:cytotoxic T cells
160:Cytotoxic T cells
99:cellular immunity
43:Cellular immunity
36:cytotoxic T cells
16:(Redirected from
3504:
3477:Lymphatic system
3412:Sjögren syndrome
3341:
3243:
3148:
3044:
3023:
2883:
2852:Hypersensitivity
2845:
2838:
2831:
2822:
2712:Clonal selection
2684:Immune privilege
2679:Immunodeficiency
2634:Cross-reactivity
2624:Hypersensitivity
2429:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2381:
2311:Precursor cells
2237:Promegakaryocyte
2103:
2030:
1955:Promegakaryocyte
1938:
1860:
1851:
1836:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1792:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1763:
1614:Pharmacogenomics
1394:
1388:Basic techniques
1369:Green Revolution
1347:General concepts
1265:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1199:
1145:
1144:
1134:
1124:
1100:
1089:
1088:
1078:
1054:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
980:
971:
970:
952:
920:
914:
913:
865:
838:Humoral immunity
809:interferon gamma
765:interferon gamma
745:interferon gamma
743:. Additionally,
741:interferon gamma
717:Epithelial cells
669:interferon gamma
644:interferon gamma
578:interferon gamma
359:interferon gamma
331:interferon gamma
286:that survive in
87:humoral immunity
45:, also known as
21:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3421:
3373:
3336:
3326:
3308:
3304:Type 1 diabetes
3274:Coeliac disease
3262:
3234:
3218:
3192:
3158:Arthus reaction
3139:
3123:
3109:Graves' disease
3090:
3086:Rheumatic fever
3035:
3003:
2987:
2966:
2893:Allergic asthma
2874:
2858:
2849:
2819:
2814:
2788:
2742:
2688:
2667:Clonal deletion
2595:
2589:
2519:
2420:
2408:
2378:
2373:
2336:
2300:
2279:Immune response
2274:
2252:Red blood cells
2246:
2209:
2186:Langerhans cell
2181:Dendritic cells
2166:
2092:
2015:
1991:
1975:Proerythroblast
1961:
1923:
1907:Monocytopoiesis
1898:
1842:
1825:
1819:
1789:
1784:
1752:
1726:
1667:Biopharmacology
1639:
1633:
1509:
1480:Electrophoresis
1475:Kidney dialysis
1465:Crystallization
1443:
1389:
1383:
1342:
1287:
1266:
1257:
1231:
1226:
1184:
1182:Further reading
1154:
1149:
1148:
1102:
1101:
1092:
1056:
1055:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1012:Saldana, José.
1011:
1010:
1003:
993:
991:
982:
981:
974:
922:
921:
917:
867:
866:
857:
852:
829:
774:
758:
749:tight junctions
739:in response to
726:
702:
698:
681:dendritic cells
678:
654:
638:
631:
591:
587:
574:
572:Type 1 immunity
559:
551:
543:
539:
527:
519:
467:
433:
429:
421:
414:
395:
371:
356:
343:
223:
186:into producing
179:
171:
135:dendritic cells
79:
51:immune response
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3510:
3508:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3492:Cell signaling
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3434:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3347:
3345:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3240:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3188:Serum sickness
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3145:
3142:Immune complex
3133:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3103:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3029:
3027:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3011:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2860:
2859:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2698:
2696:
2694:Immunogenetics
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2642:
2641:
2639:Co-stimulation
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2599:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2580:Immune complex
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2500:Dendritic cell
2488:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2478:Conformational
2475:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2435:
2433:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Megakaryoblast
2229:
2223:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2027:
2025:Myeloid tissue
2021:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1970:Erythropoiesis
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1950:Megakaryoblast
1945:Thrombopoiesis
1941:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1867:Granulopoiesis
1863:
1857:
1848:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1770:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1657:Bioengineering
1654:
1652:Bioelectronics
1649:
1643:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1629:Tissue culture
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1535:Bioinformatics
1532:
1530:Biofabrication
1527:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1470:Chromatography
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Centrifugation
1451:
1449:
1448:Chemical field
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1419:Flow cytometry
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1306:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1115:(7): 627–633.
1090:
1030:
1001:
972:
935:(2): 125–139.
915:
880:(6): 455–464.
854:
853:
851:
848:
847:
846:
841:
835:
828:
825:
772:
756:
724:
700:
696:
676:
652:
648:
647:
640:
636:
633:
629:
589:
585:
573:
570:
557:
549:
541:
537:
525:
517:
466:
463:
462:
461:
455:
449:
431:
427:
424:
423:
419:
416:
412:
398:Interleukin 17
393:
386:
385:
369:
366:
354:
347:T-helper cells
342:
339:
280:
279:
272:
258:
222:
219:
177:
169:
107:helper T cells
78:
75:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3509:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Immune system
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3363:Latex allergy
3361:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3333:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3233:
3232:cell-mediated
3229:
3225:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:Farmer's lung
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3138:
3134:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2839:
2834:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Clonal anergy
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2551:Microantibody
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2382:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2333:
2332:Myelomonocyte
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2242:Megakaryocyte
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Kupffer cells
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1887:Metamyelocyte
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:Hematopoiesis
1828:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:Cell immunity
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1505:Sedimentation
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Cultured meat
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:Biology field
1395:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:Biotechnology
1223:
1218:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1069:(3): 626–35.
1068:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1019:
1015:
1014:"Macrophages"
1008:
1006:
1002:
990:
986:
979:
977:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
919:
916:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
864:
862:
860:
856:
849:
845:
842:
839:
836:
834:
833:Immune system
831:
830:
826:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
793:
792:
788:
786:
782:
778:
770:
766:
761:
760:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
722:
721:keratinocytes
718:
714:
710:
706:
694:
690:
686:
682:
674:
670:
666:
662:
657:
656:
645:
641:
634:
627:
626:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
583:
579:
571:
569:
567:
563:
556:exposure or T
555:
547:
544:1 cells upon
535:
531:
523:
520:1 cells upon
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
478:
476:
475:lymphopoiesis
472:
464:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
443:
442:
440:
435:
417:
410:
409:
408:
406:
401:
399:
391:
383:
379:
375:
367:
364:
360:
352:
351:
350:
348:
340:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
277:
273:
270:
266:
262:
259:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:
226:
220:
218:
216:
212:
208:
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115:Naive T cells
112:
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74:
72:
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56:
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32:
19:
18:Cell immunity
3467:Cell biology
3258:Mantoux test
3231:
2919:Food allergy
2759:
2629:Inflammation
2614:Alloimmunity
2609:Autoimmunity
2594:Immunity vs.
2546:Autoantibody
2444:Superantigen
2291:Phagocytosis
2260:Reticulocyte
2034:Granulocytes
1985:Reticulocyte
1877:Promyelocyte
1840:Myelopoiesis
1777:
1765:
1702:Microbiology
1687:Biochemicals
1599:Gene therapy
1540:Biosynthesis
1518:Applications
1439:Spectroscopy
1409:Cell culture
1318:Fermentation
1152:Bibliography
1112:
1108:
1066:
1062:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:
992:. Retrieved
988:
932:
928:
918:
877:
873:
794:
791:Group 1 ILCs
790:
789:
762:
754:
753:
658:
650:
649:
610:autoimmunity
606:inflammation
575:
528:2 cells and
515:
479:
468:
436:
425:
402:
387:
344:
312:
281:
224:
192:
98:
91:bodily fluid
80:
46:
42:
41:
3457:Macrophages
3452:Human cells
2909:Anaphylaxis
2905:(Hay fever)
2752:Lymphocytes
2411:Lymphocytic
2145:giant cells
2135:Osteoclasts
2115:Histiocytes
2107:Macrophages
1917:Promonocyte
1692:Biorobotics
1682:Biomimetics
1677:Biomedicine
548:exposure, T
437:As for the
327:macrophages
131:macrophages
3462:Phagocytes
3442:Immunology
3436:Categories
3378:Autoimmune
3267:Autoimmune
3197:Autoimmune
3040:Autoimmune
2971:Autoimmune
2793:Substances
2657:Peripheral
2645:Inaction:
2524:Antibodies
2505:Macrophage
2418:complement
2069:Eosinophil
2052:Neutrophil
2042:Myeloblast
1980:Normoblast
1872:Myeloblast
1647:Bioeconomy
1619:Stem cells
1572:Embryology
1495:Filtration
1485:Extraction
1404:Bioreactor
1023:8 November
994:8 November
929:Immunology
850:References
699:1 cells. T
568:exposure.
300:protozoans
288:phagocytes
261:Macrophage
207:phagocytes
188:antibodies
59:phagocytes
55:antibodies
3497:Cytokines
3487:Apoptosis
3048:Cytotoxic
2810:Cytolysin
2800:Cytokines
2647:Tolerance
2596:tolerance
2515:Immunogen
2352:Phagocyte
2219:Platelets
2198:Monoblast
2130:Microglia
2098:Monocytes
2081:Mast cell
2047:Band cell
1912:Monoblast
1892:Band cell
1882:Myelocyte
1490:Fed Batch
1390:and tools
894:1474-7758
775:1 cells.
513:as well.
509:cells by
501:cells by
493:cells by
276:cytokines
269:secretion
257:antigens;
235:apoptosis
164:apoptosis
111:pathogens
105:cells or
67:cytokines
3337:multiple
3335:Unknown/
3137:Type III
3101:receptor
2950:Tree nut
2760:Cellular
2604:Immunity
2602:Action:
2585:Paratope
2573:Idiotype
2563:Allotype
2531:Antibody
2485:Mimotope
2449:Allergen
2432:Antigens
2425:Lymphoid
2325:CFU-GEMM
2086:CFU-Mast
2062:CFU-Baso
2057:Basophil
1845:CFU-GEMM
1767:Category
1722:Virology
1624:Telomere
1271:Branches
1141:30804475
1085:25528359
967:35251844
959:26878338
910:52915054
902:30282764
844:Immunity
827:See also
598:protozoa
594:bacteria
560:17 upon
422:2 cells.
415:1 cells,
341:Overview
323:protozoa
319:bacteria
284:microbes
239:epitopes
221:Synopsis
211:NK cells
197:and the
156:pathogen
49:, is an
3447:T cells
3344:Foreign
3246:Foreign
3237:T cells
3228:Type IV
3151:Foreign
3026:Foreign
2997:Type II
2940:Seafood
2886:Foreign
2868:allergy
2805:Opsonin
2784:NK cell
2772:Humoral
2652:Central
2619:Allergy
2568:Isotype
2468:Epitope
2439:Antigen
2227:CFU-Meg
2074:CFU-Eos
2004:General
1779:Commons
1662:Biology
1555:Cloning
1333:Protein
1328:Plasmid
1236:History
1132:6804950
950:4863567
759:1 Cells
655:1 Cells
632:1 cells
602:viruses
552:2 upon
497:, into
315:viruses
304:cancers
203:humoral
184:B cells
180:2 cells
172:1 cells
152:peptide
147:peptide
139:B cells
123:T cells
119:antigen
77:History
71:antigen
3365:(I+IV)
3097:Type V
2935:Peanut
2864:Type I
2777:B cell
2765:T cell
2510:B cell
2473:Linear
2461:Hapten
2357:Plasma
2315:CFU-GM
2191:CFU-DL
1855:CFU-GM
1823:plasma
1707:Mining
1640:fields
1299:Allele
1139:
1129:
1083:
965:
957:
947:
908:
900:
892:
817:GM-CSF
737:CXCL11
733:CXCL10
709:CXCR3A
665:humans
642:T-Bet
628:CD4+ T
620:, and
600:, and
380:, and
321:, and
251:cancer
249:, and
213:) and
137:, and
97:) and
3204:Lupus
2955:Wheat
2872:atopy
2345:Other
2305:Other
2270:CFU-E
2171:Other
1731:Lists
1609:Omics
963:S2CID
906:S2CID
801:T-bet
785:CXCR3
777:T-bet
769:IL-12
755:CD8 T
729:CXCL9
689:T-bet
651:CD4 T
566:IL-23
546:IL-12
534:IL-23
522:IL-12
495:IL-15
487:IL-15
382:IL-13
296:fungi
255:tumor
243:virus
95:serum
3405:APS2
3400:APS1
3314:GVHD
3001:ADCC
2930:Milk
2854:and
2416:and
1460:CSTR
1429:HPLC
1323:Gene
1304:Cell
1137:PMID
1081:PMID
1025:2018
996:2018
955:PMID
898:PMID
890:ISSN
821:IL-2
819:and
797:ILCs
783:and
781:CCR5
735:and
719:and
713:CCR5
711:and
695:of T
671:and
663:and
661:mice
608:and
588:1, T
580:and
562:IL-1
554:IL-4
530:IL-1
511:IL-7
507:ILC3
503:IL-7
499:ILC2
491:ILC1
458:ILC3
452:ILC2
446:ILC1
439:ILCs
403:CD8
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374:IL-4
361:and
345:CD4
333:and
263:and
3014:IgM
3009:IgG
2945:Soy
2925:Egg
2877:IgE
2738:HLA
2734:MHC
2203:MPS
1933:MEP
1500:PFR
1434:NMR
1313:RNA
1309:DNA
1127:PMC
1117:doi
1071:doi
1067:135
945:PMC
937:doi
933:148
882:doi
813:TNF
584:, T
582:TNF
564:or
532:or
505:or
485:by
335:TNF
103:CD4
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