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848:, 4 feet (1.2 m) wide by 150 feet (46 m) deep, that suddenly opened beneath his feet in his grandmother’s backyard, but saved himself by grabbing onto a tree root. His cousin, 14-year-old Eric Wolfgang, pulled Domboski out of the hole to safety. The plume of hot steam billowing from the hole was tested and found to contain a lethal level of
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546:; this gave the town its first name, Bull's Head. In 1842, Centralia's land was bought by the Locust Mountain Coal and Iron Company. Alexander Rae, a mining engineer, moved his family in and began planning a village, laying out streets and lots for development. Rae named the town Centreville, but in 1865 changed it to Centralia because the
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or reclaimed by nature. At a casual glance, the area now appears to be a field with many paved streets running through it. Some areas are being filled with new-growth forest. The remaining church in the borough, St. Mary's, holds weekly services on Sunday. It has not yet been directly affected by the
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continued mining in several idle mines, using techniques such as what was called "pillar-robbing," where miners would extract coal from coal pillars left in mines to support their roofs. This caused the collapse of many idle mines, further complicating the prevention of the mine fire in 1962. Efforts
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garage. By the early 2010s, the building had fallen into disrepair, but new siding was installed in 2012. The building hosts the annual
Centralia Cleanup Day, when volunteers collect illegally dumped trash in the area. Although past cleanup days avoided fire-impacted areas, the 2018 cleanup included
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living together, one had a female householder with no partner present, and three (30%) were non-families. Three of the households were made up of individuals, and one had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10, and the average family size was 2.57.
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The only indications of the fire, which underlies some 400 acres (160 ha) spreading along four fronts, are low round metal steam vents in the south of the borough. Several signs warn of underground fire, unstable ground, and dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. Additional smoke and steam can be
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Another theory proposes that the Bast
Colliery fire of 1932 was never fully extinguished, and that fire reached the landfill area by 1962; however, a miner named Frank Jurgill Sr. disputes that theory. Jurgill claims he operated a bootleg mine with his brother near the landfill from 1960 to 1962. If
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According to numbers of federal census records, the town of
Centralia reached its maximum population of 2,761 in 1890. At its peak, the town had seven churches, five hotels, 27 saloons, two theaters, a bank, a post office, and 14 general and grocery stores. Thirty-seven years later the production of
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Despite the inferno below them and the gases that seep into their basements, some
Centralians do not want to leave their homes and remain convinced that it's all a plot by coal companies to drive them off valuable land since the borough owns mineral rights to the coal below. (Other rumored villains
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Residents John
Comarnisky and John Lokitis, Jr., were evicted in May and July 2009, respectively. In May 2009, the remaining residents mounted another legal effort to reverse the 1992 eminent domain claim. In 2010, only five homes remained as state officials tried to vacate the remaining residents
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The current route was formerly a detour around the damaged portion during the repairs and became a permanent route in 1993; mounds of dirt were placed at both ends of the former route, effectively blocking the road. Pedestrian traffic is still possible due to a small opening about two feet wide at
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noted that borough council minutes from June 4, 1962, referred to two fires at the dump and that five firefighters had submitted bills for "fighting the fire at the landfill area." The borough, by law, was responsible for installing a fire-resistant clay barrier between each layer of the landfill,
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living together, one (20%) had a female householder with no spouse present, and two (40%) were non-families. One of those non-family households was an individual, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.0 persons, and the average family
994:
In
February 2012, the Commonwealth Court ruled that a declaration of taking could not be re-opened or set aside on the basis that the purpose for the condemnation no longer exists; seven people, including the borough council president, had filed suit claiming the condemnation was no longer needed
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On May 27, 1962, the firefighters, as they had in the past, set the dump on fire and let it burn for some time. Unlike in previous years, however, the fire was not fully extinguished. An unsealed opening in the pit allowed the fire to enter the labyrinth of abandoned coal mines beneath
Centralia.
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priest to call
Centralia home, cursed the land in retaliation for being assaulted by three members of the Maguires in 1869. McDermott said that there would be a day when St. Ignatius Roman Catholic Church would be the only structure remaining in Centralia. Many of the Molly Maguires' leaders were
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In 1979, locals became aware of the scale of the problem when a gas-station owner, then-mayor John
Coddington, inserted a dipstick into one of his underground tanks to check the fuel level. When he withdrew it, it seemed hot. He lowered a thermometer into the tank on a string and was shocked to
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in 2002. State and local officials reached an agreement with the then seven remaining residents on
October 29, 2013, allowing them to remain in Centralia until their deaths, after which the rights to their houses will be taken through eminent domain. As of 2020, only five residents remain.
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In the borough the population was spread out, with one resident under the age of 18, one from 18 to 24, four from 25 to 44, seven from 45 to 64, and eight who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 62 years. There were ten females and 11 males with one male under the age of 18.
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The first two mines in Centralia opened in 1856, the Locust Run Mine and the Coal Ridge Mine. Afterward came the Hazeldell Colliery Mine in 1860, the Centralia Mine in 1862, and the Continental Mine in 1863. The Continental was located on Stephen Girard's former estate. Branching from the
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also took place during the violence, as Centralia was a hotbed of Molly Maguires activity during the 1860s to organize a mineworkers union in order to improve wages and working conditions. A legend among locals in Centralia tells that Father Daniel Ignatius McDermott, the first
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along each of two opposite sides of the house. The house had formerly been supported by a row of adjacent buildings. Another house with similar buttresses was visible from the northern side of the cemetery, just north of the burning, partially subsumed hillside.
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allocated more than $ 42 million for relocation efforts. Nearly all of the residents accepted the government's buyout offers. More than 1,000 people moved out of the town and 500 structures were demolished. By 1990, the census recorded 63 remaining residents.
999:. In October 2013, the remaining residents settled their lawsuit, receiving $ 218,000 in compensation for the value of their homes, along with $ 131,500 to settle additional claims, and the right to stay in their homes for the rest of their lives.
1006:, the property's current owners made the decision to cover over the graffiti on the highway section of old Route 61. Several mounds of dirt were laid over the area, thus ending a decades-long fascination with the desolate stretch of road.
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the north side of the road. The underground fire is still burning and in 2006, it was reported that it is expected to do so for another 250 years. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania did not renew the relocation contract at the end of 2005.
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buried in 1966 a couple of years earlier than planned after someone had attempted to unearth and steal the capsule in May 2014. The capsule was not scheduled to be opened until 2016 (50 years after it was buried). Items found in the
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The same individuals have a suit pending in U.S. Middle District Court that alleges the condemnation was part of the commonwealth's plot to obtain mineral rights to the anthracite coal they claim are worth hundreds of millions of
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There were no residents under the age of 18, one aged 25–29, one aged 50–54, one aged 55–59, four aged 60–64, two aged 70–74, and one aged 80–84. The median age was 62.5 years, and there were five females and five males in total.
796:, concluded that it started with an attempt to clean up the town landfill. In May 1962, the Centralia Borough Council hired five members of the volunteer fire company to clean up the town landfill, located in an abandoned
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In 1950, Centralia Council acquired the rights to all anthracite coal beneath Centralia through a state law passed in 1949 that enabled the transaction. That year, the federal census counted 1,986 residents in Centralia.
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was 42 inhabitants per square mile (16/km) (down 52%). There were six housing units (down 62.5%) at an average density of 0.4 units per square mile (.015 units/km). The racial makeup of the borough was 100%
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was 87.5 inhabitants per square mile (33.8/km). There were 16 housing units at an average density of 66.7 inhabitants per square mile (25.8/km). The racial makeup of the borough was 100%
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Although there was physical, visible evidence of the fire, residents of Centralia were bitterly divided over the question of whether or not the fire posed a direct threat to the town. In
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By contrast, other sources claim that the fire had started the previous day, when a trash hauler dumped hot ash or coal discarded from coal burners into the open trash pit. The author of
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Steve Kroll-Smith and Steve Couch identified at least six community groups, each organized around varying interpretations of the amount and kind of risk posed by the fire. In 1983, the
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anthracite coal had reached its peak in Pennsylvania. In the following years, production declined, as many young miners from Centralia enlisted in the military when the US entered
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but fell behind schedule, leaving the barrier incomplete. This allowed the hot coals to penetrate the coal seam underneath the pit and start the subsequent subterranean fire.
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houses: brick buttresses were added to support the shared wall after removal of the attached house; an unbuttressed side of a similar house on an otherwise deserted street
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the Bast Colliery fire had not been extinguished, the brothers would likely have been overcome or killed by the noxious gases via many interconnected tunnels in the area.
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1054:, when there are no longer any residents, the borough legally ceases to exist. At that point, the mineral rights, which are owned by the Borough of Centralia, would
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This theory is based on the municipality laws of the state. According to state law, when the municipality can no longer form a functioning municipal government,
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were largely overlooked before the construction of the Mine Run Railroad in 1854. In 1832, Johnathan Faust opened the Bull's Head Tavern in what was called
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fire. The town's four cemeteries—including one on the hilltop which has smoke rising around and out of it—are maintained in good condition.
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on all property in the borough, condemning all the buildings within. A subsequent legal effort by residents to overturn the action failed. In 2002, the
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beneath the borough. Residents have asserted its value to be in the hundreds of millions of dollars, although the exact amount of coal is not known.
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Statewide attention to the fire began to increase, culminating on February 14, 1981, when a 12-year-old resident named Todd Domboski fell into a
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hanged in 1877, ending their crimes. Legends say that a number of descendants of the Molly Maguires still lived in Centralia up until the 1980s.
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and demolish what was left of the town. In March 2011, a federal judge refused to issue an injunction that would have stopped the condemnation.
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overhead satellite-view imagery copyright-dated 2023 shows the former Graffiti Highway almost entirely buried under hundreds of access-denial
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The borough council still had regular meetings as of 2011. It was reported that the town's highest bill at the meeting reported on came from
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of 2010 there were ten people (down 52% since 2000), five households (down 50%), and three families (down 57%) residing in the borough. The
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Rail service ended in 1966. Centralia operated its own school district, including elementary schools and a high school. There were also two
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The last remaining house on Locust Avenue was demolished in September 2007. It was notable for a period for the five chimney-like support
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discontinued Centralia's ZIP code, 17927. Only 16 homes were still standing by 2006, which was reduced to eleven by 2009 when Governor
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was constructed to Centralia in 1865; it enabled transport and expansion of Centralia's coal sales to markets in eastern Pennsylvania.
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2018:
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Drone photo of the former "Graffiti Highway" near Centralia in 2019, before it was mostly buried by several hundred access-denial
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Volunteers planted 250 apple trees around Centralia to restore the town's ecosystem and wildlife habitats in April 2021.
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in a section that indicated that Centralia is the only municipality within the Commonwealth that owned its mineral rights.
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2543:"Centralia Time Capsule to be Opened in 2016 [see Update: The Centennial Vault time capsule was opened in 2014]"
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continued in Centralia until the 1960s, when most of the companies shut down. Bootleg mining continued until 1982, and
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1973:
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There were ten households, out of which one (10%) had children under the age of 18 living with them, five (50%) were
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The median income for a household in the borough was $ 23,750, and the median income for a family was $ 28,750. The
523:, acquired a third of Centralia's valley land. When he declared bankruptcy in 1798, the land was surrendered to the
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2610:"Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: Pennsylvania: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013"
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descent, with the town once having both a Ukrainian Greek Catholic church (built 1911, still standing) and a
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are still active in the area. An underground mine about three miles to the west employs about 40 people.
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A small part of the Centralia mine fire as it appeared after being exposed during an excavation in 1969
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504:), settlers surveyed and explored the land. A large portion of the Reading Road was developed later as
2875:"Reminder: Apple trees, butterflies to be introduced in Centralia, Pennsylvania's abandoned coal town"
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Few homes remain standing in Centralia. Most of the abandoned buildings have been demolished by the
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agents in 1749 for £500. In 1770, during the construction of the Reading Road, which stretched from
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Centralia has been used as a model for many different fictional ghost towns and manifestations of
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because the underground fire had moved and the air quality in the borough was the same as that in
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began the formal eviction of the remaining Centralia residents. Only five homes remained by 2010.
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film adaptation. It is, however, a common misconception that the town was an inspiration for the
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2771:"Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010: 2010 Demographic Profile Data"
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of 2000, there were 21 people, ten households, and seven families residing in the borough. The
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Several current and former Centralia residents believe the state's eminent domain claim was a
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3004:"伊藤暢達/Masahiro Ito on Twitter: "There is no town where inspired the design of SH town.… ""
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Analysts disagree about the specific cause of the Centralia fire. David Dekok, author of
695:. Three men were eventually convicted of his death and were hanged in the county seat of
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industry. Alexander Rae, the town's founder, was murdered in his buggy by members of the
527:. A Philadelphia based sea captain, trader and banker who had been born in France, named
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resulted in the Lehigh Valley Coal Company closing five of its Centralia-local mines.
455:, is the least-populated municipality in Pennsylvania. It is completely surrounded by
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2403:"Few remain as 1962 Pa. coal town fire still burns," Yahoo News, February 5, 2010
447:. Its population declined from 1,000 in 1980 to five residents in 2020 because a
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2927:"Assumption of BVM (Centralia) – Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Philadelphia"
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Centralia was incorporated as a borough in 1866. Its principal employer was the
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554:. The Mine Run Railroad was built in 1854 to transport coal out of the valley.
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tribes in what is now Columbia County sold the land that makes up Centralia to
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Of the five households, none had children under the age of 18. Two (40%) were
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Toxic gas and smoke rising from the ground above the underground fire in 2006
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2579:"A Town with a Hot Problem Decides Not to Move Mountains but to Move Itself"
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Unseen Danger: A Tragedy of People, Government, and the Centralia Mine Fire
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Unseen Danger; A Tragedy of People, Government, and the Centralia Mine Fire
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3692:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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has been burning beneath the borough since 1962. Centralia, part of the
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2674:
Enter 'Centralia borough, Pennsylvania' to search under Community Facts
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1474:
The Centralia Municipal Building still stands, along with its attached
898:, a short distance to the south, and required it also to be abandoned.
838:
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discover that the temperature of the gasoline in the tank was 172
592: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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in 1992 and condemned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Centralia's
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Cemetery just outside the borough limits. This had been done prior to
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2420:"Court denies Centralia property owners looking to keep their homes"
2356:"Minding a legacy of faith: In an empty town, a shrine still shines"
765:. By 1980, it had 1,012 residents. Another 500 or 600 lived nearby.
3102:
The Real Disaster Is Above Ground: A Mine Fire and Social Conflict
2849:"Help Cleanup Centralia! 5th Annual Cleanup Day: October 20, 2018"
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have variously included anonymous Arabs and large energy cartels.)
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for the borough was $ 16,083. All of the population was below the
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in previous years, when the landfill was in a different location.
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Upon his death, Womer became the last official mayor of Centralia.
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Tour The Pennsylvania Ghost Town That's Been Burning For 50 Years
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Fire Underground: The Ongoing Tragedy of the Centralia Mine Fire
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Fire Underground: The Ongoing Tragedy of the Centralia Mine Fire
2010:
Fire Underground: The Ongoing Tragedy of the Centralia Mine Fire
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A sizeable minority of the population historically have been of
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Fire Underground: The Ongoing Tragedy of the Centralia Mine Fire
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to seal off the abandoned mines ran into the collapsed areas.
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1574:
researched Centralia while working on the screenplay for the
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Municipalities of the Anthracite Coal Region of Pennsylvania
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2216:"Centralia, Pa.: How an underground coal fire erased a town"
1014:
The town's residents and former residents decided to open a
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1999 photo showing the abandoned highway and its replacement
3129:
Catastrophe: A Guide to World's Worst Industrial Disasters
2902:"This church has survived a fire that started back in 1962"
2691:"Saints Peter & Paul Church and Cemetery, Centralia PA"
2507:"Centralia's 'Graffiti Highway' is finally getting erased"
3183:
Fifty years of fire in the abandoned US town of Centralia
2823:"Reminder: Centralia Cleanup Day on September 24th, 2016"
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on October 17, 1868, during a trip between Centralia and
508:, the main highway east into and south out of Centralia.
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The Centralia mine fire extended beneath the village of
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areas around the landfill and the abandoned section of
63:
Abandoned section of Railroad Avenue in Centralia, 2016
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The Day the Earth Caved in: An American Mining Tragedy
2128:
The Day the Earth Caved In: An American Mining Tragedy
1944:"Agreement Reached With Remaining Centralia Residents"
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Slow Burn: A Photodocument of Centralia, Pennsylvania
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Centralia: ghost town church stronger than the fire
2481:"Pa. residents living above mine fire free to stay"
2299:"Few Remain as 1962 Pa. Coal Town Fire Still Burns"
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2185:"How an Underground Fire Destroyed an Entire Town"
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1463:, there were five people residing in the borough.
991:at $ 92 and the town's budget was "in the black."
852:. At the time of the sinkhole collapse, U.S. Rep.
757:Centralia area showing conditions before mine fire
2384:"A modern day Ghost Town, Centralia Pennsylvania"
1733:"Carl Womer, Centralia Pennsylvania's Last Mayor"
1521:blocks entry to the abandoned section of Route 61
462:All real estate in the borough was claimed under
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3100:Kroll-Smith, J. Stephen, and Couch, Stephen.
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2773:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from
2616:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from
8:
3752:Environmental disasters in the United States
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1937:
1935:
1915:"The Smallest Town in Each of the 50 States"
1888:"City and Town Population Totals: 2020—2021"
1466:One resident (20%) was under the age of 18.
1002:In April 2020, amidst the early part of the
306:0.00 sq mi (0.00 km) 0%
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860:were visiting the town to assess the area.
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3074:, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986,
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3737:Boroughs in Columbia County, Pennsylvania
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2268:"The church that thrives in a ghost town"
2241:"Dozen Families Must Flee Mine Fire Area"
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1845:
964:seen coming from an abandoned portion of
652:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Ghost town in Pennsylvania, United States
2521:"Centralia PA Time Capsule Opened Early"
2450:"'Regular borough council' in Centralia"
1809:United States Department of the Interior
1027:signed by the men of Centralia in 1966.
957:Columbia County Redevelopment Authority
702:Several other murders and incidents of
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2354:Holmes, Kristin E. (October 21, 2008).
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2479:Rubinkam, Michael (October 31, 2013).
2297:Rubinkam, Michael (February 5, 2010).
1367:church (built 1916, demolished 1986).
1089:
32:Borough in Pennsylvania, United States
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1996:
1994:
1503:Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
1483:, since nicknamed Graffiti Highway.
396:
355:
330:
322:
301:
293:
285:
268:
255:
237:
214:
202:
7:
3777:Populated places established in 1841
3732:Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area
3006:. September 12, 2019. Archived from
590:adding citations to reliable sources
453:Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area
3782:1841 establishments in Pennsylvania
2689:PA, Centralia (December 19, 2014).
1942:Ratchford, Dan (October 30, 2013).
1913:Rivero, Nicolas (August 25, 2017).
1800:Geographic Names Information System
298:0.24 sq mi (0.62 km)
290:0.24 sq mi (0.62 km)
3757:Environmental disaster ghost towns
3260:Municipalities and communities of
2640:"Census of Population and Housing"
2487:from the original on March 5, 2016
2418:Beauge, John (February 23, 2012).
1079:
865:The Real Disaster is Above Ground,
25:
2977:Davidson, Paul (April 11, 2006).
2951:Eby, Margaret (October 3, 2011).
2797:"Centralia PA Municipal Building"
2563:This is stated in Joan Quigley's
2448:Wheary, Rob (February 13, 2011).
2099:"Abandoned Mines in Pennsylvania"
1954:from the original on May 29, 2016
133:
97:
3169:
3038:University of Pennsylvania Press
2035:"The Murder of Alexander W. Rea"
1773:"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"
1709:University of Pennsylvania Press
935:
926:
566:
132:
125:
96:
89:
69:
57:
2900:Amos, Owen (January 24, 2018).
2328:Currie, Tyler (April 2, 2003).
2266:Amos, Owen (January 25, 2018).
1805:United States Geological Survey
1631:(Northwest Territories, Canada)
875:In 1992, Pennsylvania governor
577:needs additional citations for
443:, United States. It is part of
2577:Walter, Greg (June 22, 1981).
2247:. February 17, 1981. p. 3
1761:. Dean W. Kriner Funeral Home.
1:
3263:Columbia County, Pennsylvania
3131:, Alpha Editions, July 2015,
2664:. United States Census Bureau
2642:. United States Census Bureau
2220:The Christian Science Monitor
2183:Morton, Ella (June 4, 2014).
2103:Maiello, Brungo & Maiello
2007:DeKok, David (October 2009).
1830:. United States Census Bureau
1775:. United States Census Bureau
1547:. Prominent examples include
550:already had a Centreville in
500:to Fort Augusta (present-day
441:Columbia County, Pennsylvania
149:Show map of the United States
146:Centralia (the United States)
77:Columbia County, Pennsylvania
3106:University Press of Kentucky
3089:, Arcadia Publishing, 2004,
3087:Images of America: Centralia
2013:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1680:Wittenoom, Western Australia
1608:(New South Wales, Australia)
1060:Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
902:Condemnation and abandonment
274:
3747:Ghost towns in Pennsylvania
2745:United States Census Bureau
2720:United States Census Bureau
1856:Krajick, Kevin (May 2005).
1759:"Obituary of Carl T. Womer"
678:Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad
521:Declaration of Independence
335:20.833/sq mi (8.08/km)
3798:
3762:Destroyed populated places
3742:Coal towns in Pennsylvania
3215:November 24, 2017, at the
2565:The Day the Earth Caved In
2495:– via Yahoo Finance.
2157:The Day the Earth Caved In
2132:. New York: Random House.
2072:The Day the Earth Caved In
1624:New Straitsville mine fire
817:The Day the Earth Caved In
772:
763:Catholic parochial schools
314:1,467 ft (447 m)
3697:
3309:
3274:
1348:
1335:
1320:
1305:
1290:
1275:
1260:
1245:
1230:
1215:
1200:
1185:
1170:
1155:
1140:
1125:
1110:
1095:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1075:
725:Wall Street Crash of 1929
601:"Centralia, Pennsylvania"
525:Bank of the United States
445:Northeastern Pennsylvania
417:
158:
110:Location of Centralia in
83:
75:Location of Centralia in
68:
56:
47:
3767:Persistent natural fires
1828:"Census - Table Results"
470:was discontinued by the
116:Show map of Pennsylvania
3176:Centralia, Pennsylvania
2055:and successor edition,
1651:Niagara Falls, New York
1614:(Derweze, Turkmenistan)
1447:size was 2.33 persons.
519:and a signatory of the
39:Centralia, Pennsylvania
3316:
2979:"Silent Hill Round Up"
2153:Quigley, Joan (2007).
2124:Quigley, Joan (2007).
2068:Quigley, Joan (2007).
1795:"Borough of Centralia"
1540:
1529:
1522:
1423:
989:PPL Electric Utilities
919:
911:
784:
758:
674:Lehigh Valley Railroad
668:
544:Roaring Creek Township
251:(Borough of Centralia)
3315:
3178:at Wikimedia Commons
3010:on September 12, 2019
2741:"U.S. Census website"
2716:"U.S. Census website"
2662:"U.S. Census website"
2454:Pottsville Republican
1974:"Explore Census Data"
1703:DeKok, David (1986).
1675:Times Beach, Missouri
1535:
1528:
1516:
1421:
1071:Historical population
966:Pennsylvania Route 61
917:
909:
782:
756:
699:, on March 25, 1878.
667:
358: • Summer (
178:40.80333°N 76.34167°W
3710:United States portal
3641:Wilburton Number Two
3636:Wilburton Number One
2829:. September 21, 2016
2803:. September 16, 2014
2777:on February 12, 2020
2614:Population Estimates
2483:. Associated Press.
2309:on November 29, 2012
2303:ABC News (Australia)
1862:Smithsonian Magazine
586:improve this article
535:coal in the region.
332: • Density
3703:Pennsylvania portal
3661:Mifflin Cross Roads
2545:. September 5, 2014
1739:. November 25, 2014
1602:(Saarland, Germany)
1072:
885:U.S. Postal Service
775:Centralia mine fire
538:The Centralia coal
382:(discontinued 2002)
270: • Mayor
183:40.80333; -76.34167
174: /
3317:
3085:Johnson, Deryl B.
2953:"American Inferno"
2155:"Chapter Notes to
2105:. February 9, 2007
2039:library.bloomu.edu
1894:. US Census Bureau
1858:"Fire in the hole"
1612:Darvaza gas crater
1541:
1530:
1523:
1509:In popular culture
1499:Ukrainian Catholic
1432:population density
1424:
1381:population density
1070:
920:
912:
785:
759:
669:
457:Conyngham Township
324: • Total
303: • Water
287: • Total
3719:
3718:
3209:The Town That Was
3174:Media related to
3158:978-1-4000-6180-8
3137:978-9-3855-0517-1
3122:978-0-8131-1667-9
3095:978-0-7385-3629-3
2931:ukrarcheparchy.us
2855:. August 21, 2018
2620:on March 10, 2015
2523:. October 5, 2014
2373:, January 3, 2006
2245:York Daily Record
2214:O'Carroll, Eoin.
2139:978-1-4000-6180-8
1718:978-0-595-09270-3
1422:Centralia in 2010
1404:per capita income
1353:
1352:
1004:COVID-19 pandemic
828:Immediate effects
662:
661:
654:
636:
552:Schuylkill County
517:Revolutionary War
426:
425:
295: • Land
16:(Redirected from
3789:
3711:
3704:
3314:
3286:
3279:
3269:
3264:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3231:
3197:Business Insider
3189:, August 8, 2012
3173:
3108:, January 1990,
3059:, October 2009,
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2853:centralitapa.org
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2827:centralitapa.org
2819:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2801:centralitapa.org
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2767:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2574:
2568:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2509:. April 6, 2020.
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2460:on July 19, 2011
2456:. Archived from
2445:
2439:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2424:The Patriot-News
2415:
2404:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2380:
2374:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2330:"Zip Code 00000"
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2305:. Archived from
2294:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2211:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2163:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2131:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2078:
2065:
2059:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2004:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1884:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1853:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1824:
1813:
1812:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1707:. Philadelphia:
1700:
1661:Picher, Oklahoma
1656:Namie, Fukushima
1642:Involuntary park
1606:Burning Mountain
1559:David Wellington
1554:Strange Highways
1365:Russian Orthodox
1091:
1086:
1081:
1073:
939:
930:
657:
650:
646:
643:
637:
635:
594:
570:
562:
548:U.S. Post Office
515:, a hero of the
392:
383:
363:
276:
252:
249:
247:
234:
233:(as Bull's Head)
189:
188:
186:
185:
184:
179:
175:
172:
171:
170:
167:
150:
136:
135:
129:
117:
100:
99:
93:
73:
61:
35:
21:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3702:
3693:
3683:
3665:
3652:
3645:
3510:
3377:
3318:
3312:
3307:
3289:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3227:
3217:Wayback Machine
3167:
3142:Quigley, Joan.
3070:Jacobs, Renee.
3029:
3027:Further reading
3024:
3023:
3013:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2961:
2959:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2881:. April 5, 2021
2879:phillyvoice.com
2873:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2806:
2804:
2795:
2794:
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2780:
2778:
2769:
2768:
2759:
2749:
2747:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2724:
2722:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2699:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2667:
2665:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2589:
2587:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2407:
2402:
2398:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2334:Washington Post
2327:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2296:
2295:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2050:
2046:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2021:
2006:
2005:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1978:data.census.gov
1972:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1886:
1885:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1816:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1600:Brennender Berg
1595:Coal seam fires
1590:
1511:
1472:
1470:Public services
1457:
1444:married couples
1416:
1392:married couples
1373:
1084:
1068:
1045:anthracite coal
1033:
1012:
953:
952:
951:
950:
942:
941:
940:
932:
931:
904:
858:Dick Thornburgh
850:carbon monoxide
830:
790:
777:
771:
748:open-pit mining
685:anthracite coal
658:
647:
641:
638:
595:
593:
583:
571:
560:
490:Native American
486:
481:
393:
386:
384:
381:
357:
250:
245:
243:
232:
182:
180:
176:
173:
168:
165:
163:
161:
160:
154:
153:
152:
151:
148:
147:
144:
143:
142:
141:
137:
120:
119:
118:
115:
114:
108:
107:
106:
105:
101:
79:
64:
52:
43:
40:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3795:
3793:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3724:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3706:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3675:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3651:Unincorporated
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3520:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3471:Mount Pleasant
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3328:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3234:
3225:
3224:
3219:, a 70-minute
3205:
3200:
3199:, May 27, 2012
3190:
3166:
3165:External links
3163:
3162:
3161:
3140:
3127:Pitta, Terra.
3125:
3098:
3083:
3068:
3051:DeKok, David.
3049:
3032:DeKok, David.
3028:
3025:
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2090:
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2019:
1990:
1965:
1931:
1905:
1874:
1841:
1814:
1786:
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1724:
1717:
1711:. p. 17.
1691:
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1639:
1637:Arkwright Town
1634:
1633:
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1626:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1510:
1507:
1471:
1468:
1461:census of 2020
1456:
1453:
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1372:
1369:
1351:
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1108:
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1099:
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1087:
1082:
1077:
1067:
1064:
1041:mineral rights
1032:
1031:Mineral rights
1029:
1011:
1008:
944:
943:
934:
933:
925:
924:
923:
922:
921:
903:
900:
881:eminent domain
854:James Nelligan
829:
826:
798:strip-mine pit
789:
786:
773:Main article:
770:
767:
729:Bootleg miners
709:Roman Catholic
689:Molly Maguires
660:
659:
574:
572:
565:
559:
556:
529:Stephen Girard
485:
482:
480:
477:
472:Postal Service
464:eminent domain
449:coal mine fire
424:
423:
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312:
308:
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304:
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296:
292:
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288:
284:
283:
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2358:. Philly.com.
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2053:Unseen Danger
2051:David Dekok,
2048:
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2022:
2020:9780762758241
2016:
2012:
2011:
2003:
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1991:
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1629:Smoking Hills
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1570:Screenwriter
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869:U.S. Congress
866:
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856:and Governor
855:
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606:
603: –
602:
598:
597:Find sources:
591:
587:
581:
580:
575:This section
573:
569:
564:
563:
558:Mining begins
557:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
513:Robert Morris
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
484:Early history
483:
478:
476:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
419:
418:
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412:
410:
403:
400:
391:2002–present)
390:
378:
376:
368:
365:
361:
351:
350:Eastern (EST)
347:
344:
342:
334:
326:
313:
305:
297:
289:
272:
259:
241:
230:
223:
220:
218:
211:
208:
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199:United States
198:
196:
187:
159:Coordinates:
128:
113:
92:
78:
72:
60:
51:
46:
36:
30:
19:
18:Centralia, PA
3606:Mifflinville
3570:Jamison City
3560:Foundryville
3501:South Centre
3476:North Centre
3357:
3282:
3226:
3208:
3168:
3150:Random House
3143:
3128:
3101:
3086:
3071:
3057:Globe Pequot
3052:
3033:
3012:. Retrieved
3008:the original
2998:
2986:. Retrieved
2982:
2972:
2960:. Retrieved
2957:Paris Review
2956:
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2930:
2921:
2911:February 11,
2909:. Retrieved
2905:
2895:
2883:. Retrieved
2878:
2869:
2857:. Retrieved
2852:
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2826:
2817:
2805:. Retrieved
2800:
2791:
2779:. Retrieved
2775:the original
2748:. Retrieved
2735:
2723:. Retrieved
2710:
2698:. Retrieved
2695:Centralia PA
2694:
2673:
2666:. Retrieved
2656:
2646:December 11,
2644:. Retrieved
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2618:the original
2613:
2604:
2595:
2590:December 25,
2588:. Retrieved
2582:
2572:
2564:
2559:
2547:. Retrieved
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2515:
2501:
2489:. Retrieved
2474:
2462:. Retrieved
2458:the original
2453:
2443:
2434:
2427:. Retrieved
2423:
2399:
2387:. Retrieved
2378:
2368:
2364:
2349:
2339:December 19,
2337:. Retrieved
2333:
2323:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:the original
2275:. Retrieved
2271:
2261:
2249:. Retrieved
2244:
2235:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:
2194:. Retrieved
2188:
2178:
2166:. Retrieved
2156:
2148:
2127:
2119:
2109:December 15,
2107:. Retrieved
2102:
2093:
2081:. Retrieved
2071:
2063:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2009:
1983:February 17,
1981:. Retrieved
1977:
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1947:
1922:. Retrieved
1919:Mental Floss
1918:
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
1891:
1865:. Retrieved
1861:
1832:. Retrieved
1798:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1767:
1753:
1743:December 14,
1741:. Retrieved
1737:Centralia PA
1736:
1727:
1704:
1582:whole series
1575:
1569:
1564:Vampire Zero
1562:
1553:
1542:
1501:church, the
1496:
1476:fire station
1473:
1465:
1458:
1449:
1441:
1425:
1408:poverty line
1401:
1397:
1389:
1374:
1354:
1066:Demographics
1051:
1049:
1039:to gain the
1034:
1016:time capsule
1013:
1010:Time capsule
1001:
993:
986:
982:
974:
970:
962:
954:
893:
874:
864:
862:
843:
831:
822:
816:
814:
810:
806:Memorial Day
800:next to the
793:
791:
760:
738:
734:
722:
714:
701:
693:Mount Carmel
682:
670:
648:
639:
629:
622:
615:
608:
596:
584:Please help
579:verification
576:
537:
510:
488:Many of the
487:
461:
428:
427:
273:Carl Womer (
239:Incorporated
210:Pennsylvania
112:Pennsylvania
29:
3679:Byrnesville
3585:Lightstreet
3550:Eyers Grove
3401:Briar Creek
3368:Orangeville
3348:Briar Creek
3278:County seat
2936:January 15,
2885:October 28,
2725:January 31,
2700:January 15,
2668:January 31,
2491:November 3,
2389:October 10,
2313:February 6,
2277:January 25,
2164:. p. 8
2079:. p. 8
1958:November 3,
1834:February 5,
1779:October 12,
1577:Silent Hill
1572:Roger Avary
1549:Dean Koontz
1497:The town's
1485:Google Maps
1481:PA Route 61
1455:2020 census
1414:2010 census
1371:2000 census
1336:2021 (est.)
896:Byrnesville
837:(77.8
802:Odd Fellows
740:Coal mining
718:World War I
181: /
42:Bull's Head
3726:Categories
3671:Ghost town
3595:Locustdale
3590:Lime Ridge
3575:Jerseytown
3373:Stillwater
3303:Bloomsburg
3285:Bloomsburg
3014:January 7,
1892:Census.gov
1687:References
1647:Love Canal
1459:As of the
1426:As of the
1375:As of the
1021:footlocker
977:buttresses
945:Separated
889:Ed Rendell
697:Bloomsburg
612:newspapers
533:anthracite
437:ghost town
319:Population
265:Government
257:Founded by
169:76°20′30″W
166:40°48′12″N
3688:Footnotes
3653:community
3616:Rohrsburg
3601:Mainville
3580:Jonestown
3555:Fernville
3539:Elk Grove
3506:Sugarloaf
3431:Greenwood
3416:Conyngham
3411:Cleveland
3406:Catawissa
3383:Townships
3363:Millville
3358:Centralia
3353:Catawissa
2781:April 16,
2549:March 14,
2527:March 14,
2464:April 24,
2429:March 12,
2225:August 5,
2196:August 2,
2168:March 13,
2083:March 13,
1357:Ukrainian
997:Lancaster
877:Bob Casey
769:Mine fire
511:In 1793,
435:and near-
429:Centralia
409:FIPS code
398:Area code
341:Time zone
311:Elevation
140:Centralia
104:Centralia
3626:Slabtown
3534:Buckhorn
3426:Franklin
3324:Boroughs
3213:Archived
3187:BBC News
3152:, 2007,
2906:BBC News
2485:Archived
2436:dollars.
2272:BBC News
2251:July 16,
1952:Archived
1924:June 25,
1898:July 30,
1867:July 27,
1588:See also
1349:Sources:
1025:bloomers
879:invoked
846:sinkhole
788:Triggers
642:May 2017
540:deposits
506:Route 61
494:colonial
468:ZIP Code
413:42-12312
375:ZIP Code
222:Columbia
3611:Numidia
3529:Aristes
3524:Almedia
3466:Montour
3461:Mifflin
3451:Madison
3441:Jackson
3436:Hemlock
3343:Berwick
3332:Ashland
2859:June 5,
2833:June 5,
2807:June 5,
2750:May 14,
2624:May 20,
1948:WNEP 16
1670:Ukraine
1666:Pripyat
1620:(India)
1361:Russian
1058:to the
1043:to the
626:scholar
502:Sunbury
498:Reading
479:History
433:borough
389:Ashland
244: (
228:Settled
195:Country
50:Borough
3631:Waller
3621:Rupert
3481:Orange
3446:Locust
3396:Benton
3391:Beaver
3338:Benton
3156:
3135:
3120:
3112:
3093:
3078:
3063:
3044:
2988:May 3,
2962:May 3,
2584:People
2136:
2017:
1715:
1618:Jharia
1428:census
1377:census
1344:−20.0%
1331:−50.0%
1316:−52.4%
1301:−66.7%
1286:−93.8%
1271:−12.7%
1256:−18.8%
1241:−27.7%
1226:−18.9%
1151:−25.8%
1076:Census
1056:revert
947:duplex
676:, the
628:
621:
614:
607:
599:
385:17921
380:17927
217:County
3496:Scott
3223:video
2190:Slate
2162:(DOC)
2077:(www)
1538:berms
1489:berms
1437:white
1385:white
1266:1,017
1251:1,165
1236:1,435
1221:1,986
1206:2,449
1191:2,446
1181:−3.8%
1176:2,336
1166:18.6%
1161:2,429
1146:2,048
1136:46.4%
1131:2,761
1121:40.5%
1116:1,886
1101:1,342
744:strip
704:arson
633:JSTOR
619:books
431:is a
369:(EDT)
367:UTC-4
346:UTC-5
277:2014)
231:1841
205:State
3565:Iola
3545:Espy
3516:CDPs
3486:Pine
3456:Main
3295:Town
3154:ISBN
3133:ISBN
3118:ISBN
3110:ISBN
3091:ISBN
3076:ISBN
3061:ISBN
3042:ISBN
3016:2024
2990:2013
2964:2013
2938:2023
2913:2018
2887:2021
2861:2019
2835:2019
2809:2019
2783:2013
2752:2011
2727:2008
2702:2023
2670:2008
2648:2013
2626:2015
2592:2008
2551:2016
2529:2016
2493:2016
2466:2012
2431:2012
2391:2007
2341:2009
2315:2010
2279:2018
2253:2021
2227:2013
2198:2014
2170:2012
2134:ISBN
2111:2015
2085:2020
2015:ISBN
1985:2024
1960:2016
1926:2018
1900:2022
1869:2009
1836:2022
1781:2022
1745:2015
1713:ISBN
1557:and
1545:Hell
1519:berm
1322:2020
1307:2010
1292:2000
1277:1990
1262:1980
1247:1970
1232:1960
1217:1950
1211:0.1%
1202:1940
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