706:
2753:
2214:
1104:
530:
917:
844:
898:
5825:
2319:
49:
2722:
64:
1030:
306:
2269:
936:
451:
1385:
697:, are called warm-season cereals. Cool-season cereals, especially rye, followed by barley, are hardy; they grow best in fairly cool weather, and stop growing, depending on variety, when the temperature goes above around 30 °C or 85 °F. Warm-season cereals, in contrast, require hot weather and cannot tolerate frost. Cool-season cereals can be grown in highlands in the tropics, where they sometimes deliver several crops in a single year.
397:
1349:
1226:
741:
2993:
477:, nitrogen fertilizers, and breading of new strains of seeds. These innovations focused on fending off starvation and increasing yield-per-plant, and were very successful in raising overall yields of cereal grains, but paid less attention to nutritional quality. These modern high-yield cereal crops tend to have
727:
Cool-season cereals are grown mainly in temperate zones. These cereals often have both winter varieties for autumn sowing, winter dormancy, and early summer harvesting, and spring varieties planted in spring and harvested in late summer. Winter varieties have the advantage of using water when it is
2737:
by quantity in 2021, with wheat, maize, and rice the main cereals involved. The
Americas and Europe are the largest exporters, and Asia is the largest importer. The largest exporter of maize is the US, while India is the largest exporter of rice. China is the largest importer of maize and of rice.
724:, which reduces weeds and breaks up the surface of a field. Most cereals need regular water in the early part of their life cycle. Rice is commonly grown in flooded fields, though some strains are grown on dry land. Other warm climate cereals, such as sorghum, are adapted to arid conditions.
3335:
The green revolution was a technology package comprising material components of improved high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of two staple cereals (rice or "wheat"), irrigation or controlled "water" supply and improved moisture utilization, fertilizers and pesticides and associated management
2225:
Cereals constitute the world's largest commodities by tonnage, whether measured by production or by international trade. Several major producers of cereals dominate the market. Because of the scale of the trade, some countries have become reliant on imports, thus cereals
589:
and narrow alternate leaves borne in two ranks. The lower part of each leaf encloses the stem, forming a leaf-sheath. The leaf grows from the base of the blade, an adaptation that protects the growing meristem from grazing animals. The flowers are usually
180:. Winter varieties are hardy enough to be planted in the autumn, becoming dormant in the winter, and harvested in spring or early summer; spring varieties are planted in spring and harvested in late summer. The term cereal is derived from the name of the
5183:
3668:
1371:; mechanically flattened or crimped, and kept in airtight storage until used; or stored dry with a moisture content of less than 14%. Commercially, grains are often combined with other materials and formed into feed pellets.
3234:
974:, a process of activating enzymes in the seed to cause sprouting that turns the complex starches into sugars before drying. These sugars can be extracted for industrial uses and further processing, such as for making
2280:
Cereals are the world's largest crops by tonnage of grain produced. Three cereals, maize, wheat, and rice, together accounted for 89% of all cereal production worldwide in 2012, and 43% of the global supply of
5173:
404:
In these agricultural regions, religion was often shaped by the divinity associated with the grain and harvests. In the
Mesopotamian creation myth, an era of civilization is inaugurated by the grain goddess
2752:
4551:
Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems
3678:
5528:
7301:
4144:
Astier, Marta; Odenthal, Georg; Patricio, Carmen; Orozco-Ramírez, Quetzalcoatl (2 January 2019). "Handmade tortilla production in the basins of lakes Pátzcuaro and Zirahuén, Mexico".
7629:
4277:
2474:
The primary cereal of temperate regions. It has a worldwide consumption but it is a staple food of North
America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, Brazil and much of the
705:
3196:
7333:
720:
In the tropics, warm-season cereals can be grown at any time of the year. In temperate zones, these cereals can only be grown when there is no frost. Most cereals are planted in
6403:
4438:
801:
Annual cereals die when they have come to seed, and dry up. Harvesting begins once the plants and seeds are dry enough. Harvesting in mechanized agricultural systems is by
469:
During the second half of the 20th century, there was a significant increase in the production of high-yield cereal crops worldwide, especially wheat and rice, due to the
6590:
843:
5440:
Pei, Qing; Zhang, David Dian; Xu, Jingjing (August 2014). "Price
Responses of Grain Market under Climate Change in Pre-industrial Western Europe by ARX Modelling".
5907:
2213:
916:
4735:"Intercropping of grain legumes and cereals improves the use of soil N resources and reduces the requirement for synthetic fertilizer N: A global-scale analysis"
436:
arose where cereal agriculture created a surplus, allowing for part of the harvest to be appropriated from farmers, allowing power to be concentrated in cities.
7059:
3418:
2391:
worldwide; often called corn in North
America, Australia, and New Zealand. A large portion of maize crops are grown for purposes other than human consumption.
5073:
4904:
970:, for instance, can create whole-grain or polished rice, or rice flour. Removal of the germ increases the longevity of grain in storage. Some grains can be
2946:
2318:
6600:
1103:
897:
7597:
7421:
5310:
1082:
3288:
7247:
6605:
6396:
3532:
2874:
2246:. Other disruptions, such as climate change or war related changes to supply or transportation can create further food insecurity; for example the
947:
When the cereal is ready to be distributed, it is sold to a manufacturing facility that first removes the outer layers of the grain for subsequent
7834:
4020:
2956:
3714:
5833:
5532:
2304:. Teff is grown in sub-Saharan Africa as a grass primarily for feeding horses. It is high in fiber and protein. Its flour is often used to make
9000:
7272:
3944:
2263:
529:
2243:
473:, a technological change funded by development organizations. The strategies developed by the Green Revolution, including mechanized tilling,
7389:
7049:
5883:
5864:
5699:
5459:
5398:
5352:
4880:
4581:
4393:
4311:
4121:
4092:
4059:
3774:
3766:
3740:
3673:
3457:
3071:
2964:
2917:
2858:
732:, exposure to cold for a specific period, fixed genetically. Spring crops grow when it is warmer but less rainy, so they may need irrigation.
5120:
Thomas, M.; van Vliet, T.; van der Poel, A.F.B. (1998). "Physical quality of pelleted animal feed 3. Contribution of feedstuff components".
4799:
2251:
8582:
8272:
4654:
4187:
5773:
5380:
2923:
8617:
7130:
6972:
6389:
3643:
2970:
2247:
1058:
1024:
263:
7325:
3540:
3507:
3096:
786:
762:
2239:
1388:
Whole grains as used in this bread have more of the original seed, making them more nutritious but more prone to spoilage in storage.
7293:
7187:
5936:
5804:
5225:
4931:
3988:
3637:
3318:
3124:
2289:
5376:
649:, so after sowing they are harvested just once. An exception is rice, which although usually treated as an annual can survive as a
4776:"Measures for climate change adaptation in agriculture. Opportunities for climate action in agricultural systems. CCAFS Info Note"
4442:
9015:
8437:
7140:
7007:
5641:
5598:
3791:
3558:
3322:
887:, to be sold later. Grain stores need to be constructed to protect the grain from damage by pests such as seed-eating birds and
8627:
8196:
7581:
7549:
5555:
4935:
1307:
5098:
4416:
9147:
8682:
7232:
7217:
7160:
4631:
4512:
829:; this can be used for animal bedding, mulch, and a growing medium for mushrooms. It is used in crafts such as building with
1367:. Common cereals as animal food include maize, barley, wheat, and oats. Moist grains may be treated chemically or made into
3173:
9162:
9086:
8919:
8327:
7762:
7674:
7453:
7317:
7084:
3972:
A Century of
Innovation: Twenty Engineering Achievements That Transformed Our Lives, Chapter 7, Agricultural Mechanization
1424:, cereal consumption is moderate and varied but still substantial, primarily in the form of refined and processed grains.
814:
757:
Cereal strains are bred for consistency and resilience to the local environmental conditions. The greatest constraints on
7501:
7012:
6721:
6595:
5851:
5281:
5020:
2790:
863:
If cereals are not completely dry when harvested, such as when the weather is rainy, the stored grain will be spoilt by
553:; 6 and 7 ovaries with juice scales; 8 and 9 parts of the scar; 10 fruit husks; 11–14 grains, natural size and enlarged.
5442:
Proceedings of the 4th
International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications
5418:
3994:
9131:
8181:
7541:
6659:
6514:
5846:
5824:
5747:
5713:
3277:
2217:
A grain elevator on fire in
Ukraine, 2023. The Russian invasion of Ukraine disrupted its wheat exports and the global
348:
3736:
3408:
1127:
Some of the impacts of growing cereals can be mitigated by changing production practices. Tillage can be reduced by
48:
8427:
8146:
7637:
7573:
7413:
7381:
7155:
7069:
6704:
6192:
5147:
4465:
3855:
3499:
1086:
63:
4896:
513:
of the early 21st century, but there is a tradeoff in yield-per-plant, putting pressure on resource-poor areas as
417:, "of grain", originally meaning "of Ceres". Several gods of antiquity combined agriculture and war: the Hittite
8477:
8332:
8292:
7730:
7621:
7605:
7150:
7145:
7135:
6801:
6481:
4834:
3846:
3257:
458:
1041:
cereal developed in the 21st century. Because it grows back every year, farmers no longer have to till the soil.
1029:
9055:
9030:
8909:
8407:
8297:
7706:
7222:
7037:
6880:
6564:
6519:
6215:
5248:
4948:
Wheat, in the form of bread, provides more nutrients to the world population than any other single food source.
4598:
1166:. Greenhouse gas emissions may be cut further by more efficient irrigation or by water harvesting methods like
1007:
8612:
5213:
2721:
7373:
9177:
8764:
8277:
7477:
7192:
6717:
6679:
6549:
6534:
6439:
6277:
6210:
5856:
4116:. Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 1–25.
1098:
834:
728:
plentiful, and permitting a second crop after the early harvest. They flower only in spring as they require
382:
271:
39:
32:
4543:
3353:"Elevating optimal human nutrition to a central goal of plant breeding and production of plant-based foods"
1053:
and increased runoff. Irrigation consumes large quantities of water; its extraction from lakes, rivers, or
305:
8849:
8552:
8452:
8136:
7881:
7533:
7485:
7469:
7032:
7027:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6712:
6554:
6509:
6325:
6220:
3440:
Juliano, Bienvenido O.; Tuaño, Arvin Paul P. (2019). "Gross structure and composition of the rice grain".
3281:
1183:
Some cereals such as rice require little preparation before human consumption. For example, to make plain
4109:
3103:
2884:
1416:. When processed by the removal of the bran and germ, all that remains is the starchy endosperm. In some
413:
presided over agriculture, grain crops, fertility, and motherhood; the term cereal is derived from Latin
9192:
8979:
8894:
8647:
8307:
7986:
7613:
7397:
6744:
6664:
6469:
5929:
4464:
Takken, Ingrid; Govers, Gerard; Jetten, Victor; Nachtergaele, Jeroen; Steegen, An; Poesen, Jean (2001).
418:
223:
were domesticated in West Africa. In the 20th century, cereal productivity was greatly increased by the
4016:
5037:
in consultation with and approved by
Victoria State Government Depertment of Health; Deakin University
3704:
9035:
8884:
8799:
8707:
8557:
8367:
8227:
7802:
7493:
7461:
7349:
7341:
7252:
7202:
6754:
6559:
6320:
4699:
4477:
4153:
3364:
3008:
2446:
1293:
781:
745:
490:
482:
389:
some 8,000 years ago in the
Fertile Crescent. Millets and rice were domesticated in East Asia, while
296:
5315:
9152:
9081:
8879:
8667:
8637:
8632:
8622:
8607:
8597:
8527:
8507:
8462:
8357:
8201:
8116:
7976:
7794:
7657:
7509:
6927:
6863:
6694:
6610:
6580:
6529:
6360:
6185:
6178:
6150:
4690:
4659:
4362:
2879:
2479:
2475:
1486:
with wholegrain wheat bread (as sandwiches) in several other cultures, including the Americas. For
1401:
1151:
4682:
4400:
products include malt extracts (powders and syrups), diastase, beer, whisky, ... and malt vinegar.
4327:
9106:
9096:
9010:
8934:
8869:
8819:
8677:
8382:
8237:
8011:
7517:
7365:
7227:
7197:
6977:
6967:
6749:
6544:
6370:
6365:
5901:
5477:
5465:
4789:
4358:
4217:
3980:
3885:
3709:
3226:
3040:
2524:
2430:
1585:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1299:
1280:. Wholemeal flour contains all of these; white flour is without some or all of the germ or bran.
498:
393:
and other millets were domesticated in sub-Saharan West Africa, primarily as feed for livestock.
8161:
5217:
4195:
935:
805:, a machine which drives across the field in a single pass in which it cuts the stalks and then
5769:
5178:
4863:
Vaclavik, Vickie A.; Christian, Elizabeth W. (2008). "Grains: Cereal, Flour, Rice, and Pasta".
4778:. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
2268:
1123:. The main crop has been harvested but the roots of the cover crop are still visible in autumn.
998:
developed around chemically altering the grain, to be used for other processes. In particular,
9020:
8899:
8769:
8759:
8754:
8652:
8387:
8362:
8267:
8252:
8217:
8111:
8066:
8016:
7971:
7921:
7818:
7746:
7714:
7698:
7682:
7357:
7309:
7089:
6902:
6539:
6486:
5889:
5879:
5860:
5800:
5705:
5695:
5636:
5563:
5455:
5394:
5348:
5221:
4876:
4756:
4715:
4577:
4493:
4389:
4307:
4169:
4117:
4088:
4055:
3984:
3926:
3877:
3869:
3822:
3770:
3633:
3536:
3503:
3453:
3390:
3120:
3092:
3067:
3063:
3032:
3024:
2960:
2913:
2907:
2854:
2770:
2285:
in 2009, while the production of oats and rye has drastically fallen from their 1960s levels.
1455:
1437:
1421:
1384:
1167:
1163:
991:
850:
802:
658:
410:
185:
56:
4328:"Standards of Identity for Distilled Spirits, Title 27 Code of Federal Regulations, Pt. 5.22"
3627:
2950:
1458:
of legumes with grains forms a well-balanced diet for vegetarians. Such combinations include
621:. Some other grains are colloquially called cereals, even though they are not grasses; these
9232:
9182:
9172:
9111:
9025:
8969:
8939:
8914:
8874:
8784:
8537:
8517:
8442:
8257:
8091:
8046:
8031:
8001:
7966:
7867:
7860:
7810:
7778:
7666:
7445:
7207:
6962:
6875:
6727:
6355:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6272:
6242:
5922:
5445:
5386:
5340:
5257:
5129:
4868:
4746:
4707:
4609:
4569:
4485:
4381:
4242:
4161:
4080:
4047:
3916:
3859:
3567:
3445:
3380:
3372:
3216:
3208:
3016:
2743:
2623:
2230:
or availability can have outsized impacts on countries with a food trade imbalance and thus
2105:
1450:
to obtain a balanced diet. Many legumes, however, are deficient in the essential amino acid
1433:
1364:
1334:
are brewed in Asia; a fermented rice and honey wine was made in China some 9,000 years ago.
1200:
686:
510:
470:
445:
356:
325:
255:
224:
208:
3905:"Rodent management and cereal production in Asia: Balancing food security and conservation"
2329:
The table shows the annual production of cereals in 1961, 1980, 2000, 2010, and 2019/2020.
371:, appears to have begun early, and developed independently in areas of the world including
9187:
9126:
9116:
9091:
8929:
8859:
8854:
8824:
8739:
8697:
8562:
8532:
8522:
8482:
8472:
8412:
8372:
8352:
8302:
8262:
8232:
8191:
8186:
7956:
7931:
7786:
7557:
7429:
7175:
7109:
6838:
6769:
6476:
6293:
5876:
Kent's Technology of Cereals: An Introduction for Students of Food Science and Agriculture
5489:
5262:
5243:
4075:
Erkmen, Osman; Bozoglu, T. Faruk, eds. (2016). "Spoilage of Cereals and Cereal Products".
2739:
1303:
1234:
1128:
1112:
995:
959:. In developing countries, processing may be traditional, in artisanal workshops, as with
478:
450:
275:
9101:
5837:
5334:
4972:
3903:
Singleton, Grant R; Lorica, Renee P; Htwe, Nyo Me; Stuart, Alexander M (1 October 2021).
789:
and wildlife like rodents and deer. In conventional agriculture, some farmers will apply
231:, with some countries producing large portions of the cereal supply for other countries.
7405:
5684:
Wrigley, Colin W.; Corke, Harold; Seetharaman, Koushik; Faubion, Jonathan, eds. (2016).
4703:
4481:
4157:
3368:
3012:
1085:
which contribute to global warming. Pesticide usage can cause harm to wildlife, such as
9237:
9209:
9204:
9199:
8889:
8864:
8839:
8672:
8512:
8492:
8457:
8402:
8392:
8342:
8337:
8247:
8222:
8176:
8121:
8086:
8071:
8041:
8036:
7961:
7946:
7926:
7916:
7690:
7589:
7437:
7170:
7079:
6806:
6759:
6644:
6631:
6585:
6444:
6282:
6073:
6068:
6063:
5979:
5691:
5623:
5503:
5206:
4051:
3976:
3571:
3449:
3385:
3352:
2795:
2785:
1467:
1132:
1074:
1070:
922:
880:
830:
776:
591:
586:
506:
502:
396:
352:
5588:
5133:
4711:
4489:
9226:
9157:
9060:
8959:
8844:
8809:
8794:
8662:
8642:
8602:
8592:
8577:
8547:
8542:
8497:
8422:
8347:
8312:
8171:
8141:
8101:
7936:
7911:
7722:
7054:
6997:
6639:
6501:
6491:
6464:
6449:
6416:
6350:
6315:
6160:
6096:
4842:
3864:
3837:
3413:
3314:
3230:
3044:
2426:
2309:
2231:
1687:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1208:
1155:
1116:
766:
729:
462:
310:
300:
279:
181:
4927:
4897:"The history of flour - The FlourWorld Museum Wittenburg – Flour Sacks of the World"
3889:
2738:
Many other countries trade cereals, both as exporters and as importers. Cereals are
2429:
and some other Portuguese-descended cultures, parts of Africa (even more before the
785:, is a significant limitation on a wide variety of cereals. Other pressures include
9121:
9065:
9050:
9045:
8954:
8944:
8834:
8829:
8734:
8702:
8657:
8502:
8322:
8242:
8166:
8151:
8131:
8126:
8106:
8096:
8021:
7996:
7981:
7951:
7826:
7565:
7525:
7242:
7237:
7125:
7064:
6952:
6870:
6811:
6732:
6669:
6654:
6459:
6262:
6137:
6128:
6078:
6053:
5949:
5829:
5469:
4412:
4342:
Bourbon whiskey ... Corn whiskey ... Malt whiskey ... Rye whiskey ... Wheat whiskey
3945:"Deer (Overview) Interaction with Humans - Damage to Agriculture | Wildlife Online"
3796:
3376:
2775:
2218:
1653:
1397:
1108:
1050:
956:
822:
646:
622:
486:
433:
386:
192:
173:
169:
72:
4627:
4520:
4165:
2746:, helping to mitigate the risks of changes in price for example, if harvests fail.
2569:
A group of similar cereals that form an important staple food in Asia and Africa.
4385:
4271:
1139:
crop; and other researchers are exploring perennial cool-season cereals, such as
8949:
8924:
8804:
8789:
8744:
8692:
8687:
8567:
8467:
8447:
8432:
8417:
8397:
8317:
8282:
8081:
8056:
8051:
8026:
8006:
7991:
7941:
7180:
6907:
6848:
6796:
6774:
6684:
6674:
6058:
4872:
3351:
Sands, David C.; Morris, Cindy E.; Dratz, Edward A.; Pilgeram, Alice L. (2009).
3165:
2780:
2734:
2716:
2668:
2418:
2282:
2235:
2227:
1463:
1393:
1353:
1343:
1273:
1250:
1238:
1184:
1147:
1078:
1062:
1003:
875:
869:
714:
474:
454:
376:
372:
267:
235:
228:
129:
4775:
4276:. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils. pp. 3–4.
4084:
2238:, as well as other compounding production and supply factors leading up to the
1348:
9167:
9005:
8974:
8904:
8814:
8779:
8774:
8729:
8587:
8572:
8377:
8287:
7853:
7770:
7645:
7165:
7094:
7074:
6932:
6912:
6689:
6524:
6345:
6287:
5893:
4751:
4734:
4613:
2726:
2664:
2544:
Important staple food in Asia and Africa and popular worldwide for livestock.
2442:
2434:
2173:
2139:
2037:
1845:
1451:
1262:
1188:
1150:, growing several crops in a single field at the same time. Fossil fuel-based
1120:
1066:
879:. This can be prevented by drying it artificially. It may then be stored in a
758:
599:
582:
6381:
5709:
5567:
5450:
5375:
OECD; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (6 July 2023).
4760:
4573:
4497:
4173:
3873:
3028:
541:
before flowering; 2 the same, flowering and spread, enlarged; 3 flowers with
176:, producing one crop from each planting, though rice is sometimes grown as a
8984:
8487:
8156:
8061:
7754:
7099:
6957:
6897:
6310:
6234:
6145:
6024:
6019:
5914:
5627:
5414:
3970:
2656:
2603:
2516:
2388:
2293:
1879:
1811:
1327:
1269:
1261:. Rye flour is a constituent of bread in central and northern Europe, while
1225:
1136:
1131:, such as by direct drilling of cereal seeds, or by developing and planting
1038:
987:
948:
810:
806:
790:
678:
650:
626:
618:
574:
566:
518:
329:
196:
177:
161:
110:
5736:
4835:"What's the difference between muesli and granola? A very important primer"
4719:
3930:
3881:
3394:
3036:
1446:, obliging vegetarian cultures to combine their diet of cereal grains with
825:. Leftover parts of the plant can be allowed to decompose, or collected as
17:
5685:
4542:
Mbow, C.; Rosenzweig, C.; Barioni, L. G.; Benton, T.; et al. (2019).
4042:
Walker, Pete; Thomson, A.; Maskell, D. (2020). "Straw bale construction".
1199:
may be made largely of whole cereals, especially oats, whereas commercial
8964:
7212:
7043:
6947:
6454:
6431:
6412:
6169:
5631:
4794:
3818:
3140:
2660:
2595:
2438:
2301:
2003:
1254:
1192:
1170:
that reduce the need for irrigation, and by breeding new crop varieties.
1135:
varieties so that annual tilling is not required. Rice can be grown as a
960:
940:
771:
634:
578:
538:
368:
333:
247:
3020:
2482:-based meat substitutes are important in the Far East (albeit less than
1298:
Because cereals have a high starch content, they are often used to make
9040:
7874:
7738:
6853:
6649:
6199:
6009:
5741:
5593:
4733:
Jensen, Erik Steen; Carlsson, Georg; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik (2020).
4114:
Sustainable Recovery and Reutilization of Cereal Processing By-Products
3262:
3221:
1743:
1541:
1409:
1315:
1204:
1054:
1046:
975:
971:
952:
740:
721:
694:
610:
558:
494:
390:
364:
216:
121:
85:
52:
5529:"CLIMATE CHANGE LINKED TO GLOBAL RISE IN FOOD PRICES – Climate Change"
4597:
Nabuurs, G-J.; Mrabet, R.; Abu Hatab, A.; Bustamante, M.; et al.
1494:
measured in grains is expressed as grain crude protein concentration.
8076:
7104:
6937:
6917:
6858:
6831:
6737:
6205:
5989:
5969:
5390:
5344:
3528:
3495:
2676:
2549:
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2422:
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2071:
1913:
1521:
1511:
1487:
1447:
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1368:
1319:
1258:
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1159:
1140:
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983:
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888:
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690:
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550:
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406:
360:
337:
251:
220:
204:
165:
153:
149:
98:
80:
3921:
3904:
3346:
3344:
3315:"Lessons from the green revolution: towards a new green revolution"
3212:
8749:
6922:
6892:
6821:
6816:
6267:
6106:
6101:
6088:
6038:
5984:
5974:
5174:"More Americans Are Eating Whole Grains, But Intake Still Too Low"
2720:
2684:
2672:
2652:
2454:
2366:
2267:
2212:
1619:
1546:
1516:
1471:
1383:
1347:
1246:
1242:
1224:
1220:
1102:
1028:
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934:
904:
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826:
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739:
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682:
674:
595:
570:
562:
542:
534:
528:
449:
426:
422:
395:
344:
304:
274:
which reduce the impact on soil and improve biodiversity, such as
243:
239:
200:
157:
137:
125:
102:
89:
68:
62:
47:
6942:
6887:
6843:
6764:
6014:
5999:
3819:"14th International Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference"
3197:"The Origin of the State: Land Productivity or Appropriability?"
2512:
2483:
2396:
2297:
2273:
1947:
1777:
1531:
1479:
1331:
1323:
1311:
1289:
1277:
979:
967:
884:
710:
606:
514:
321:
259:
212:
133:
76:
6385:
5918:
1045:
Cereal production has a substantial impact on the environment.
602:
or wind-pollinated, although insects occasionally play a role.
6004:
5994:
5839:
World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023
5504:"Climate Change is Likely to Devastate the Global Food Supply"
2816:
2631:
2574:
1536:
1526:
1459:
1360:
813:
the grain. In traditional agricultural systems, mostly in the
670:
666:
317:
145:
141:
106:
93:
2992:
Purugganan, Michael D.; Fuller, Dorian Q. (1 February 2009).
5277:
5244:"Effects of Dietary Protein Concentration on Lactating Cows"
4655:"A recipe for fighting climate change and feeding the world"
4681:
Glover, Jerry D.; Cox, Cindy M.; Reganold, John P. (2007).
4441:. European Food Information Council (EUFIC). Archived from
2417:
The primary cereal of tropical and some temperate regions.
951:
or other processing steps, to produce foods such as flour,
645:
All cereal crops are cultivated in a similar way. Most are
128:. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore
5797:
Agricultural Commodity Markets: A Guide to Futures Trading
2486:) and are said to resemble meat texture more than others.
2254:
that affected countries heavily dependent on wheat flour.
5735:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
5305:
2250:
disrupted Ukrainian and Russian wheat supplies causing a
7302:
An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
5099:"Feeding cereal grains to livestock: moist vs dry grain"
2387:
A staple food of people in the Americas, Africa, and of
2296:, which is grown in small amounts in North America, and
1420:, cereals constitute a majority of daily sustenance. In
332:. Cereal grains 19,000 years old have been found at the
5744:(Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics Division)
5074:"Cereals in poultry diets – Small and backyard poultry"
1442:
Some cereals are deficient in the essential amino acid
5336:
World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023
4517:
The Earth's Carrying Capacity: some literature reviews
3792:"Move over, quinoa: sorghum is the new 'wonder grain'"
2445:(a dicot tree) during the South Pacific's part of the
1146:
Fertilizer and pesticide usage may be reduced in some
7334:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
4564:
Werner, Wilfried (2009). "6. Environmental Aspects".
4380:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 560–586.
4110:"1 Introduction to cereal processing and by-products"
4044:
Nonconventional and Vernacular Construction Materials
2704:
Several varieties are grown as food crops in Africa.
2242:, created rapid inflation of grain prices during the
685:, are called cool-season cereals. Those preferring a
5874:
Rosentrater, Kurt August; Evers, Anthony D. (2018).
3256:
Kumar, Manoj; Williams, Matthias (29 January 2009).
2994:"The nature of selection during plant domestication"
966:
Most cereals can be processed in a variety of ways.
9140:
9074:
8993:
8720:
8210:
7904:
7891:
7845:
7656:
7281:
7265:
7118:
7020:
7006:
6787:
6703:
6630:
6623:
6573:
6500:
6430:
6423:
6255:
6233:
6168:
6159:
6136:
6127:
6087:
6037:
5956:
5242:Edwards, J.S.; Bartley, E.E.; Dayton, A.D. (1980).
4466:"Effects of tillage on runoff and erosion patterns"
3761:Gupta, Phool Chand; O'Toole, J. C. O'Toole (1986).
3258:"Punjab, bread basket of India, hungers for change"
3195:Mayshar, Joram; Moav, Omer; Pascali, Luigi (2022).
2324:
Production of cereals worldwide, by country in 2021
1077:of waterways. Arable farming uses large amounts of
160:. Edible grains from other plant families, such as
5306:"IDRC - International Development Research Centre"
5205:
4376:Briggs, D. E. (1978). "Some uses of barley malt".
3663:
3661:
3091:. New York: Walker & Company. pp. 27–28.
2853:(6th ed.). Thames & Hudson. p. 277.
2651:Important in cold climates. Rye grain is used for
2594:Popular worldwide as a breakfast food, such as in
2308:. It can be eaten as a warm breakfast cereal like
1207:may be highly processed and combined with sugars,
1002:can be altered to produce food additives, such as
340:, with charred remnants of wild wheat and barley.
4606:Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change
4413:"International Starch: Production of corn starch"
817:, harvesting may be by hand, using tools such as
355:as part of their cultivation regimen. The use of
5679:
5101:. Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board
5015:
5013:
4991:Kulturhistorisk leksikon for Nordisk Middelalder
4867:. New York: Springer New York. pp. 81–105.
3691:
3596:
3584:
3472:
1253:since ancient times, with foods such as Mexican
227:. This increase in production has accompanied a
5677:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5618:
5616:
4352:
4350:
2758:Main traded cereals, top import, export in 2021
4599:"7: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses"
4304:The Chemistry of Beer: The Science in the Suds
4265:
4263:
3409:"Did Quinoa Get Too Popular for Its Own Good?"
2909:Plant evolution and the origin of crop species
270:. The environmental harms can be mitigated by
7060:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
6397:
5930:
5690:(2nd ed.). Kidlington, Oxford, England:
4439:"Glucose-fructose syrup: How is it produced?"
4297:
4295:
4108:Papageorgiou, Maria; Skendi, Adriana (2018).
1359:Cereals and their related byproducts such as
1119:of maize, soybeans, and wheat accompanied by
509:have seen an increase in popularity with the
459:India's participation in the Green Revolution
8:
5828: This article incorporates text from a
3621:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
2851:Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice
254:content, enabling them to be fermented into
5339:. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2023.
5329:
5327:
5325:
4077:Food Microbiology: Principles into Practice
3969:Constable, George; Somerville, Bob (2003).
3304:Section: "The Green Revolution", pp. 17–20.
2947:International Fertilizer Development Center
939:An indigenous Mexican woman prepares maize
7901:
7017:
6627:
6427:
6404:
6390:
6382:
6165:
6133:
6046:
6034:
5962:
5937:
5923:
5915:
5906:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4745:(1). Springer Science and Business Media.
3629:Technology of Cereals, Pulses and Oilseeds
3485:
3483:
3481:
2626:of wheat and rye, grown similarly to rye.
1503:Nutritional values for some major cereals
1322:, mainly from cereal grains—most commonly
266:, and is often produced in high-intensity
250:, and other products. Cereals have a high
7598:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows
7422:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian
5449:
5311:International Development Research Centre
5261:
4750:
4628:"Neonicotinoids: risks to bees confirmed"
3920:
3863:
3384:
3220:
2288:Other cereals not included in the U.N.'s
7248:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association
5832:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0 (
5208:Prime Mover: A Natural History of Muscle
5060:
5048:
5004:
4959:
4820:
3533:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
2945:UN Industrial Development Organization,
2519:on land too poor or too cold for wheat.
2331:
1501:
1073:, and its use can lead to pollution and
605:Among the best-known cereals are maize,
351:and millet, using human-made floods and
238:, usually cooked, or they are ground to
7835:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment
5554:Lustgarten, Abrahm (16 December 2020).
5382:OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2023-2032
5300:
5298:
2957:Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2841:
2808:
2748:
2314:
2300:, an ancient grain that is a staple in
893:
839:
234:Cereals provide food eaten directly as
7273:List of vegetarian and vegan companies
5899:
5485:
5475:
3490:Clayton, W.D.; Renvoise, S.A. (1986).
3058:Henry, R.J.; Kettlewell, P.S. (1996).
2264:List of countries by cereal production
7390:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses
7050:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme
5601:from the original on 10 February 2012
4907:from the original on 27 February 2021
4833:Bilow, Rochelle (17 September 2015).
3767:International Rice Research Institute
3741:International Rice Research Institute
3717:from the original on 26 November 2020
3674:International Rice Research Institute
3492:Genera Graminum: Grasses of the world
3282:Human Development Report 2004, Punjab
753:, where it causes wheat scab (right).
501:and other quality factors. So-called
59:accompanied by a tractor and trailer.
7:
9001:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli
8583:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
5795:Atkin, Michael (2024). "6. Grains".
5556:"How Russia Wins the Climate Crisis"
5186:from the original on 2 November 2021
4938:from the original on 27 January 2019
4774:Vermeulen, S.J.; Dinesh, D. (2016).
4739:Agronomy for Sustainable Development
4683:"Future Farming: A Return to Roots?"
4302:Barth, Roger (2013). "1. Overview".
3626:Barr, Skylar; Sutton, Mason (2019).
3176:from the original on 26 October 2021
2815:1961 is the earliest year for which
1249:. Maize flour has been important in
1191:is washed and boiled. Foods such as
1107:Excellent soil structure in land in
537:. A: Plant; B ripe ear of grains; 1
5750:from the original on 6 January 2022
5716:from the original on 30 August 2022
4802:from the original on 27 August 2022
4357:Borrell, Brendan (20 August 2009).
4280:from the original on 30 August 2022
3790:Danovich, Tove (15 December 2015).
3646:from the original on 30 August 2022
2912:(3rd ed.). CABI. p. 119.
2849:Renfrew, Colin; Bahn, Paul (2012).
2337:
2248:Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022
1268:A cereal grain consists of starchy
1025:Environmental impact of agriculture
343:During the same period, farmers in
262:. Cereal farming has a substantial
215:was domesticated in East Asia, and
7326:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food
5878:(5th ed.). Duxford, England.
5421:from the original on 29 April 2011
5122:Animal Feed Science and Technology
4973:"Medieval Daily Bread Made of Rye"
4052:10.1016/b978-0-08-102704-2.00009-3
4023:from the original on 29 March 2019
3572:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1964.tb00625.x
3450:10.1016/b978-0-12-811508-4.00002-2
3421:from the original on 21 April 2021
3237:from the original on 17 April 2022
3119:. NTC Publishing. pp. 89–90.
2828:The weight given is for paddy rice
2312:with a chocolate or nutty flavor.
1229:Various cereals and their products
1065:and cause salination of aquifers.
779:. Fusarium head blight, caused by
565:. A cereal grain is botanically a
25:
7294:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
7188:North American Vegetarian Society
5776:from the original on 29 June 2015
5644:from the original on 27 July 2017
5318:from the original on 9 June 2016.
5263:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82920-1
4932:Food and Agriculture Organization
4928:"Wheat for bread and other foods"
4712:10.1038/scientificamerican0807-82
4273:Information on Industrial Alcohol
4112:. In Galanakis, Charis M. (ed.).
3836:Goswami, R.; Kistler, H. (2004).
3763:Upland Rice: A Global Perspective
3669:"The Rice Plant and How it Grows"
3556:"Insect Pollination of Grasses".
3319:Food and Agriculture Organization
2290:Food and Agriculture Organization
2244:2007–2008 world food price crisis
9016:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro
7141:Christian Vegetarian Association
5823:
4419:from the original on 15 May 2011
3997:from the original on 21 May 2019
3865:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00252.x
3559:Australian Journal of Entomology
3325:from the original on 18 May 2017
3294:from the original on 8 July 2011
3117:Who's Who in Classical Mythology
2875:"The Development of Agriculture"
2751:
2317:
2252:global food price crisis in 2022
2209:Production and trade commodities
915:
896:
842:
7550:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone
4194:. 2 August 2018. Archived from
2973:from the original on 4 May 2021
2926:from the original on 4 May 2021
2399:Production is in milled terms.
324:were gathered and eaten in the
9148:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
7494:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks
7233:Vegetarian Society (Singapore)
7218:Toronto Vegetarian Association
7161:International Vegetarian Union
5021:"Cereals and wholegrain foods"
4632:European Food Safety Authority
4046:. Elsevier. pp. 189–216.
3377:10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.07.011
1454:, which grains contain. Thus,
1059:multiple environmental effects
585:that are hollow except at the
184:of grain crops and fertility,
1:
9163:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
9087:Food for Thought (restaurant)
7675:Diet for a New America (film)
7454:The Benefits of Vegetarianism
7318:A Vindication of Natural Diet
7085:Vegan Prisoners Support Group
5172:Mundell, E.J. (9 July 2019).
5134:10.1016/S0377-8401(97)00072-2
4993:. Rosenkilde and Bagger 1982.
4490:10.1016/s0167-1987(01)00178-7
4166:10.1080/17445647.2019.1576553
3089:An Edible History of Humanity
1143:, being developed in the US.
465:in the mid-twentieth century.
385:modern barley and wheat were
7502:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook
6722:Seventh-day Adventist Church
5852:The Oxford Companion to Food
5834:license statement/permission
5282:US Department of Agriculture
4823:, pp. 642–643 Porridge.
4386:10.1007/978-94-009-5715-2_16
3692:Rosentrater & Evers 2018
3597:Rosentrater & Evers 2018
3585:Rosentrater & Evers 2018
3525:Grasses of the British Isles
3473:Rosentrater & Evers 2018
3444:. Elsevier. pp. 31–53.
3201:Journal of Political Economy
2733:Cereals are the most traded
1352:Chickens eating cereal-rich
561:family, that produce edible
557:Cereals are grasses, in the
9132:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel
7542:The Sexual Politics of Meat
6660:Environmental vegetarianism
6515:Environmental vegetarianism
5687:Encyclopedia of food grains
4873:10.1007/978-0-387-69940-0_6
4270:Jacobs, Paul Burke (1938).
4079:. Wiley. pp. 364–375.
3856:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3523:Cope, T.; Gray, A. (2009).
1498:Comparison of major cereals
749:damages many cereals, here
657:crop. Cereals adapted to a
229:growing international trade
27:Grass that has edible grain
9254:
7638:Making a Stand for Animals
7414:Fifty Years of Food Reform
7156:Hare Krishna Food for Life
7070:Vegan Awareness Foundation
5216:. 17 August 2003. p.
4962:, pp. 516–517 Mexico.
4865:Essentials of Food Science
4790:"How to cook perfect rice"
4544:"Chapter 5: Food Security"
4085:10.1002/9781119237860.ch21
4019:. University of Kentucky.
3500:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2906:Hancock, James F. (2012).
2714:
2340:(millions of metric tons)
2261:
2240:2007–2008 financial crises
1431:
1341:
1287:
1241:is the main ingredient of
1218:
1096:
1083:releasing greenhouse gases
1069:production contributes to
1022:
1014:Effects on the environment
485:deficiencies, are high in
443:
294:
124:cultivated for its edible
29:
8293:Maximilian Bircher-Benner
7731:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead
7622:The End of Animal Farming
7606:The Vegan Studies Project
7151:French Vegetarian Society
7146:European Vegetarian Union
7136:Boston Vegetarian Society
6482:Vegan organic agriculture
6303:
6049:
6033:
5965:
5214:W.W. Norton & Company
5051:, pp. 315–316 Flour.
4989:Sources: Råg. Article in
4752:10.1007/s13593-020-0607-x
4614:10.1017/9781009157926.009
4511:Sundquist, Bruce (2007).
4470:Soil and Tillage Research
3847:Molecular Plant Pathology
2819:statistics are available.
2343:
2334:
1507:
1380:Whole-grain and processed
859:Preprocessing and storage
207:were domesticated in the
9056:The Sound Lounge, London
9031:Little Pine (restaurant)
8910:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
8408:Narasinh Narayan Godbole
7582:The Bloodless Revolution
7223:Vegetarian Federal Union
7038:Food Empowerment Project
6881:List of meat substitutes
5799:. Taylor & Francis.
5772:. Whole Grains Council.
5451:10.5220/0005025208110817
5249:Journal of Dairy Science
4574:10.1002/14356007.n10_n05
4476:(1–2). Elsevier: 55–60.
4152:(1). Informa UK: 52–57.
3949:www.wildlifeonline.me.uk
3705:"Best Crops for Grazing"
3278:The Government of Punjab
2441:. Largely overridden by
1154:usage can be reduced by
1008:high-fructose corn syrup
594:, with the exception of
400:Roman harvesting machine
199:, some 8,000 years ago.
38:Not to be confused with
9178:Plant-based action plan
8920:Satchidananda Saraswati
8765:Tabitha Brown (actress)
7574:Livestock's Long Shadow
7478:Diet for a Small Planet
7382:Shelley's Vegetarianism
7193:Order of the Golden Age
6680:Replaceability argument
6550:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid
6535:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
6440:Animal-free agriculture
6278:Intermediate wheatgrass
5857:Oxford University Press
4513:"1 Irrigation overview"
4243:"Malting - an overview"
3909:Pest Management Science
3838:"Heading for disaster:
3825:. 2015. pp. 1–163.
3166:"JHOM - Bread - Hebrew"
1462:(lentils) with rice by
1099:Sustainable agriculture
1061:, such as lowering the
994:. In the 20th century,
835:straw-bale construction
533:Structure of a cereal,
40:Serial (disambiguation)
33:Cereal (disambiguation)
8553:Francis William Newman
8453:Martin Luther Holbrook
7534:Diet for a New America
7486:The Vegetarian Epicure
7374:What is Vegetarianism?
7131:Bible Christian Church
7033:Beauty Without Cruelty
7028:American Vegan Society
6510:Economic vegetarianism
6326:History of agriculture
5415:"World Food Situation"
5148:"Storing Whole Grains"
3632:. Edtech. p. 54.
3087:Standage, Tom (2009).
2730:
2598:, and livestock feed.
2277:
2222:
1389:
1356:
1230:
1211:, and other products.
1124:
1042:
944:
754:
717:
554:
466:
401:
313:
309:Threshing of grain in
113:
60:
8895:Isa Chandra Moskowitz
8648:Russell Thacher Trall
8613:Johan Lindström Saxon
8308:Lucius Duncan Bulkley
7614:Animal (De)liberation
7398:Why I Am a Vegetarian
6665:Ethics of eating meat
5078:poultry.extension.org
5025:Better Health Channel
4218:"The Malting Process"
3115:Room, Adrian (1990).
2952:The Fertilizer Manual
2724:
2715:Further information:
2338:Worldwide production
2271:
2216:
2106:Pantothenic acid (B5)
1432:Further information:
1387:
1351:
1342:Further information:
1288:Further information:
1228:
1106:
1097:Further information:
1032:
1023:Further information:
938:
743:
708:
532:
491:essential fatty acids
453:
444:Further information:
419:Sun goddess of Arinna
399:
308:
295:Further information:
272:sustainable practices
66:
51:
9036:Moosewood Restaurant
8885:Moosewood Collective
8800:Crescent Dragonwagon
8708:Kathleen Keen Zolber
8368:James Elmslie Duncan
8228:Bertrand P. Allinson
7462:Living the Good Life
7350:Fruits and Farinacea
7253:World Vegetarian Day
7203:ProVeg International
6591:Fictional characters
6321:Neolithic Revolution
6256:Emerging grain crops
5444:. pp. 811–817.
5152:Whole Grains Council
4359:"The Origin of Wine"
3840:Fusarium graminearum
3713:. 22 February 2018.
3060:Cereal Grain Quality
1418:developing countries
1402:polyunsaturated fats
1294:Ethanol fermentation
996:industrial processes
963:in Central America.
782:Fusarium graminearum
746:Fusarium graminearum
489:, and lack balanced
483:essential amino acid
479:low-quality proteins
409:. The Roman goddess
379:, and Eastern Asia.
297:Neolithic Revolution
264:environmental impact
31:For other uses, see
9153:List of vegan media
9082:Cranks (restaurant)
8880:Joanne Lee Molinaro
8850:Frances Moore Lappé
8638:William O. Stephens
8633:Ernest Lester Smith
8623:Richard H. Schwartz
8608:Henry Stephens Salt
8598:Ulma Doyle Register
8528:Harry Willis Miller
8508:Alice Garrett Marsh
8463:John Harvey Kellogg
8117:James E. McWilliams
7882:The Animals' Agenda
6864:Microbial cellulose
6839:Gelatin substitutes
6802:Chicken fillet roll
6530:Lacto vegetarianism
6361:Genetic engineering
5836:). Text taken from
5630:(17 October 2013).
5007:, p. 682 Rice.
4901:flour-art-museum.de
4704:2007SciAm.297b..82G
4691:Scientific American
4660:The Washington Post
4523:on 17 February 2012
4482:2001STilR..61...55T
4363:Scientific American
4222:Brewing With Briess
4158:2019JMaps..15...52A
3417:. 5 November 2018.
3369:2009PlnSc.177..377S
3021:10.1038/nature07895
3013:2009Natur.457..843P
2880:National Geographic
2791:Post-harvest losses
2476:Greater Middle East
2292:statistics include
1504:
1422:developed countries
1365:fed to farm animals
1265:is common in Asia.
1152:nitrogen fertilizer
992:directly as a sugar
961:tortilla production
925:on a farm in Israel
849:A small-scale rice
511:"organic" movements
383:Cereals that became
172:. Most cereals are
9107:New Riverside Cafe
9097:Lentil as Anything
9075:Former restaurants
9011:Crossroads Kitchen
8935:Alicia Silverstone
8870:Hetty Lui McKinnon
8820:Carol Lee Flinders
8678:Severin Wielobycki
8383:Charles W. Forward
8238:Charles R. Attwood
8012:Caldwell Esselstyn
7518:Moosewood Cookbook
7366:The Ethics of Diet
7228:Vegetarian Society
7198:ProVeg Deutschland
6371:Crop wild relative
6366:Selective breeding
6193:A. hypochondriacus
5849:(2014). "Mexico".
5560:The New York Times
5535:on 18 October 2022
5278:"FoodData Central"
4977:Medieval Histories
4634:. 28 February 2018
3981:Joseph Henry Press
3737:"Water Management"
3710:Successful Farming
3681:on 6 January 2009.
3064:Chapman & Hall
2731:
2431:Columbian exchange
2278:
2223:
1502:
1428:Amino acid balance
1396:, cereals provide
1390:
1357:
1300:industrial alcohol
1231:
1179:Direct consumption
1125:
1043:
976:industrial alcohol
945:
755:
718:
577:is fused with the
555:
517:are replaced with
507:heirloom varieties
467:
402:
314:
114:
61:
9220:
9219:
9021:Greens Restaurant
8900:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
8770:Suzy Amis Cameron
8760:Edward Espe Brown
8755:Martha Brotherton
8716:
8715:
8653:Frederick Towgood
8618:James Scholefield
8558:R. E. O'Callaghan
8388:Michael Allen Fox
8363:Daniel Dombrowski
8268:George Bedborough
8253:Horace A. Barrows
8218:Phyllis B. Acosta
8112:John A. McDougall
8067:Avery Yale Kamila
8017:Gary L. Francione
7972:T. Colin Campbell
7922:Suzanne M. Babich
7819:The Game Changers
7763:Live and Let Live
7747:Forks Over Knives
7707:Peaceable Kingdom
7699:Post Punk Kitchen
7683:A Cow at My Table
7630:Vegetable Kingdom
7358:The Pleasure Boat
7342:Nature's Own Book
7310:Vegetable Cookery
7261:
7260:
7090:The Vegan Society
6903:Nutritional yeast
6783:
6782:
6619:
6618:
6540:Ovo vegetarianism
6487:Vegan school meal
6379:
6378:
6251:
6250:
6229:
6228:
6211:Pitseed goosefoot
6151:Tartary buckwheat
6123:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6115:
6114:
5885:978-0-08-100532-3
5866:978-0-19-967733-7
5701:978-0-12-394786-4
5637:Our World in Data
5461:978-989-758-038-3
5400:978-92-64-61933-3
5354:978-92-5-138262-2
5027:. 6 December 2023
4979:. 15 January 2017
4882:978-0-387-69939-4
4583:978-3-527-30385-4
4395:978-94-009-5717-6
4313:978-1-118-67497-0
4123:978-0-08-102162-0
4094:978-1-119-23776-1
4061:978-0-08-102704-2
3915:(10): 4249–4261.
3823:Aarhus University
3776:978-971-10-4172-4
3599:, pp. 68–69.
3459:978-0-12-811508-4
3073:978-9-4009-1513-8
3007:(7231): 843–848.
2966:978-0-7923-5032-3
2919:978-1-84593-801-7
2860:978-0-500-28976-1
2771:Food price crisis
2744:commodity markets
2740:traded as futures
2708:
2707:
2425:, other parts of
2206:
2205:
1438:Protein combining
1330:such as Japanese
1215:Flour-based foods
1201:breakfast cereals
1168:contour trenching
949:milling for flour
851:combine harvester
803:combine harvester
659:temperate climate
609:, wheat, barley,
357:soil conditioners
328:during the early
57:combine harvester
16:(Redirected from
9245:
9193:Planetary health
9183:Sustainable diet
9173:Plant-based diet
9112:Nix (restaurant)
9026:Hiltl Restaurant
8970:Umberto Veronesi
8940:Hannah Sunderani
8915:Mathew Pritchard
8875:Tracye McQuirter
8785:Chloe Coscarelli
8723:cookbook authors
8668:Emil Weilshäuser
8538:Reuben D. Mussey
8518:William Metcalfe
8443:Philippe Hecquet
8358:Daniël de Clercq
8258:Geoffrey Barstow
8202:Sophie Zaïkowska
8092:Thomas Lepeltier
8047:A. Breeze Harper
8002:George Dornbusch
7967:Jodey Castricano
7902:
7868:Vegetarian Times
7811:Eating You Alive
7779:PlantPure Nation
7667:The Animals Film
7510:Laurel's Kitchen
7446:A Fleshless Diet
7208:ProVeg Nederland
7018:
6963:Vegetarian bacon
6876:Meat alternative
6628:
6428:
6406:
6399:
6392:
6383:
6356:Green Revolution
6341:Tell Abu Hureyra
6336:Fertile Crescent
6331:Natufian culture
6273:Indian ricegrass
6166:
6134:
6047:
6042:
6035:
5963:
5939:
5932:
5925:
5916:
5911:
5905:
5897:
5870:
5855:(3rd ed.).
5827:
5811:
5810:
5792:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5766:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5755:
5732:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5721:
5681:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5620:
5611:
5610:
5608:
5606:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5551:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5540:
5531:. Archived from
5525:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5487:
5483:
5481:
5473:
5453:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5411:
5405:
5404:
5391:10.1787/19991142
5372:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5345:10.4060/cc8166en
5331:
5320:
5319:
5302:
5293:
5292:
5290:
5288:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5239:
5233:
5231:
5211:
5202:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5191:
5169:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5144:
5138:
5137:
5117:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5070:
5064:
5058:
5052:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5034:
5032:
5017:
5008:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4986:
4984:
4969:
4963:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4945:
4943:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4830:
4824:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4754:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4687:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4650:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4603:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4548:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4519:. Archived from
4508:
4502:
4501:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4354:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4337:
4332:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4299:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4267:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4198:on 2 August 2018
4192:Rice Association
4184:
4178:
4177:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4039:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3924:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3867:
3842:on cereal crops"
3833:
3827:
3826:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3677:. Archived from
3665:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3623:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3487:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3348:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3286:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3224:
3207:(4): 1091–1144.
3192:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3112:
3106:
3102:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3055:
3049:
3048:
2998:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2955:(3rd ed.).
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2887:on 14 April 2016
2883:. Archived from
2871:
2865:
2864:
2846:
2829:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2755:
2332:
2321:
2276:, Ethiopia, 2007
1508:Per 45g serving
1505:
1490:, the amount of
1434:Complete protein
1310:. For instance,
1304:alcoholic drinks
919:
900:
846:
687:tropical climate
471:Green Revolution
446:Green Revolution
421:, the Canaanite
326:Fertile Crescent
256:alcoholic drinks
225:Green Revolution
209:Fertile Crescent
55:a cereal with a
43:
36:
21:
9253:
9252:
9248:
9247:
9246:
9244:
9243:
9242:
9223:
9222:
9221:
9216:
9136:
9127:The Hollow Reed
9117:Penny Cafeteria
9092:InSpiral Lounge
9070:
8989:
8930:Miyoko Schinner
8860:Linda McCartney
8855:Deborah Madison
8825:Alexis Gauthier
8740:Carleigh Bodrug
8722:
8712:
8698:Jon Wynne-Tyson
8683:Howard Williams
8563:Josiah Oldfield
8533:J. Howard Moore
8523:Eli Peck Miller
8483:W. R. C. Latson
8473:Daniel H. Kress
8413:Jeremiah Hacker
8373:Eknath Easwaran
8353:Lenna F. Cooper
8303:Ernest Bonnejoy
8263:Sidney H. Beard
8233:Thomas Allinson
8206:
8192:Corey Lee Wrenn
8187:Kim A. Williams
7957:Will Bulsiewicz
7932:Neal D. Barnard
7897:
7895:
7893:
7887:
7841:
7787:What the Health
7658:Films and shows
7652:
7558:The China Study
7430:The Meat Fetish
7285:
7283:
7277:
7257:
7176:Meatless Monday
7114:
7110:World Vegan Day
7010:
7002:
6973:Vegetarian mark
6789:
6779:
6699:
6615:
6569:
6496:
6419:
6410:
6380:
6375:
6299:
6294:Oryza coarctata
6247:
6225:
6155:
6111:
6083:
6040:
6029:
5952:
5943:
5898:
5886:
5873:
5867:
5845:
5820:
5815:
5814:
5807:
5794:
5793:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5770:"Types of Oats"
5768:
5767:
5763:
5753:
5751:
5734:
5733:
5729:
5719:
5717:
5702:
5683:
5682:
5657:
5647:
5645:
5624:Ritchie, Hannah
5622:
5621:
5614:
5604:
5602:
5587:
5586:
5582:
5572:
5570:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5538:
5536:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5512:
5510:
5502:
5501:
5497:
5484:
5474:
5462:
5439:
5438:
5434:
5424:
5422:
5413:
5412:
5408:
5401:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5333:
5332:
5323:
5304:
5303:
5296:
5286:
5284:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5228:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5189:
5187:
5171:
5170:
5166:
5156:
5154:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5082:
5080:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5059:
5055:
5047:
5043:
5030:
5028:
5019:
5018:
5011:
5003:
4999:
4982:
4980:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4958:
4954:
4941:
4939:
4925:
4924:
4920:
4910:
4908:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4883:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4847:
4845:
4832:
4831:
4827:
4819:
4815:
4805:
4803:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4685:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4665:
4663:
4653:Kaplan, Sarah.
4652:
4651:
4647:
4637:
4635:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4608:. p. 750.
4601:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4584:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4546:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4526:
4524:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4396:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4356:
4355:
4348:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4314:
4301:
4300:
4293:
4283:
4281:
4269:
4268:
4261:
4251:
4249:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4226:
4224:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4201:
4199:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4146:Journal of Maps
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4095:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4062:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4026:
4024:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4000:
3998:
3991:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3922:10.1002/ps.6462
3902:
3901:
3897:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3802:
3800:
3789:
3788:
3784:
3777:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3745:
3743:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3720:
3718:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3694:, pp. 3–4.
3690:
3686:
3667:
3666:
3659:
3649:
3647:
3640:
3625:
3624:
3603:
3595:
3591:
3587:, pp. 2–3.
3583:
3579:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3510:
3489:
3488:
3479:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3422:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3328:
3326:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3284:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3127:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3066:. p. 155.
3057:
3056:
3052:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2976:
2974:
2967:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2920:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2890:
2888:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2861:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2766:
2759:
2756:
2719:
2713:
2325:
2322:
2266:
2260:
2211:
2174:Folic acid (B9)
2140:Pyridoxine (B6)
2038:Riboflavin (B2)
1500:
1488:feeding animals
1482:with rice, and
1476:maize tortillas
1440:
1430:
1382:
1377:
1346:
1340:
1318:and fermenting
1314:is produced by
1296:
1286:
1237:to make flour.
1233:Cereals can be
1223:
1217:
1181:
1176:
1129:no-till farming
1113:no-till farming
1101:
1095:
1027:
1021:
1016:
968:Rice processing
933:
926:
923:Grain elevators
920:
911:
901:
861:
854:
847:
799:
777:powdery mildews
738:
703:
643:
617:, oat, rye and
581:. Grasses have
527:
461:helped resolve
448:
442:
316:Wheat, barley,
303:
293:
288:
276:no-till farming
132:. They include
96:
83:
44:
37:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9251:
9249:
9241:
9240:
9235:
9225:
9224:
9218:
9217:
9215:
9214:
9213:
9212:
9210:Pollotarianism
9207:
9205:Pescetarianism
9200:Flexitarianism
9197:
9196:
9195:
9190:
9180:
9175:
9170:
9165:
9160:
9155:
9150:
9144:
9142:
9138:
9137:
9135:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9099:
9094:
9089:
9084:
9078:
9076:
9072:
9071:
9069:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8997:
8995:
8991:
8990:
8988:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8890:Charity Morgan
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8865:Mary McCartney
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8840:Madhur Jaffrey
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8726:
8724:
8718:
8717:
8714:
8713:
8711:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8673:Ellen G. White
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8620:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8520:
8515:
8513:Elmer McCollum
8510:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8493:Susan M. Levin
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8460:
8458:Isaac Jennings
8455:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8438:William Harvey
8435:
8430:
8428:Alexander Haig
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8403:Mahatma Gandhi
8400:
8395:
8393:Peter Foxcroft
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8343:Antonio Cocchi
8340:
8338:Henry S. Clubb
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8248:Eduard Baltzer
8245:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8223:William Alcott
8220:
8214:
8212:
8208:
8207:
8205:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8177:Sunaura Taylor
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8122:Vesanto Melina
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8087:Maxwell G. Lee
8084:
8079:
8074:
8072:Michael Klaper
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8042:Michael Greger
8039:
8037:Lewis Gompertz
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7962:Georges Butaud
7959:
7954:
7949:
7947:Yves Bonnardel
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7927:Martin Balluch
7924:
7919:
7917:Carol J. Adams
7914:
7908:
7906:
7899:
7889:
7888:
7886:
7885:
7878:
7871:
7864:
7857:
7849:
7847:
7843:
7842:
7840:
7839:
7831:
7823:
7815:
7807:
7799:
7791:
7783:
7775:
7767:
7759:
7751:
7743:
7735:
7727:
7719:
7711:
7703:
7695:
7691:Meet Your Meat
7687:
7679:
7671:
7662:
7660:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7650:
7642:
7634:
7626:
7618:
7610:
7602:
7594:
7590:Eating Animals
7586:
7578:
7570:
7562:
7554:
7546:
7538:
7530:
7522:
7514:
7506:
7498:
7490:
7482:
7474:
7466:
7458:
7450:
7442:
7438:The New Ethics
7434:
7426:
7418:
7410:
7402:
7394:
7386:
7378:
7370:
7362:
7354:
7346:
7338:
7330:
7322:
7314:
7306:
7298:
7289:
7287:
7279:
7278:
7276:
7275:
7269:
7267:
7263:
7262:
7259:
7258:
7256:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7184:
7183:
7178:
7171:Meat-free days
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7122:
7120:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7080:Vegan Outreach
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7024:
7022:
7015:
7004:
7003:
7001:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6884:
6883:
6873:
6868:
6867:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6836:
6835:
6834:
6829:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6807:Coconut burger
6804:
6799:
6793:
6791:
6785:
6784:
6781:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6760:Pythagoreanism
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6735:
6725:
6715:
6709:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6698:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6645:Animal welfare
6642:
6636:
6634:
6625:
6621:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6577:
6575:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6506:
6504:
6498:
6497:
6495:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6473:
6472:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6445:Black veganism
6442:
6436:
6434:
6425:
6421:
6420:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6401:
6394:
6386:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6290:
6285:
6283:Kangaroo grass
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6259:
6257:
6253:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6245:
6239:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6196:
6189:
6182:
6174:
6172:
6163:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6153:
6148:
6142:
6140:
6131:
6125:
6124:
6121:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6093:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6050:
6044:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5966:
5960:
5954:
5953:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5934:
5927:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5884:
5871:
5865:
5847:Davidson, Alan
5843:
5819:
5816:
5813:
5812:
5805:
5787:
5761:
5727:
5700:
5692:Academic Press
5655:
5612:
5580:
5546:
5520:
5495:
5486:|journal=
5460:
5432:
5406:
5399:
5367:
5353:
5321:
5294:
5269:
5234:
5226:
5197:
5164:
5139:
5128:(1–2): 59–78.
5112:
5090:
5065:
5063:, p. 701.
5053:
5041:
5009:
4997:
4964:
4952:
4918:
4888:
4881:
4855:
4825:
4813:
4781:
4766:
4725:
4673:
4645:
4619:
4589:
4582:
4556:
4553:. p. 454.
4534:
4503:
4456:
4445:on 17 May 2017
4430:
4404:
4394:
4368:
4346:
4319:
4312:
4291:
4259:
4247:Science Direct
4234:
4209:
4179:
4136:
4122:
4100:
4093:
4067:
4060:
4034:
4017:"Cereal Straw"
4008:
3989:
3977:Washington, DC
3961:
3936:
3895:
3828:
3810:
3782:
3775:
3753:
3728:
3696:
3684:
3657:
3638:
3601:
3589:
3577:
3548:
3542:978-0901158420
3541:
3515:
3509:978-1900347754
3508:
3477:
3465:
3458:
3432:
3400:
3363:(5): 377–389.
3340:
3306:
3269:
3248:
3213:10.1086/718372
3187:
3157:
3132:
3125:
3107:
3098:978-1782391654
3097:
3079:
3072:
3050:
2984:
2965:
2959:. p. 46.
2937:
2918:
2898:
2866:
2859:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2821:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2786:Lists of foods
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2750:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2259:
2256:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1499:
1496:
1429:
1426:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1363:are routinely
1339:
1336:
1285:
1282:
1219:Main article:
1216:
1213:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1133:perennial crop
1094:
1091:
1075:eutrophication
1071:global warming
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
932:
929:
928:
927:
921:
914:
912:
902:
895:
881:grain elevator
867:fungi such as
860:
857:
856:
855:
848:
841:
798:
795:
793:or pesticides
763:plant diseases
737:
734:
709:Newly planted
702:
699:
653:, producing a
642:
639:
592:hermaphroditic
526:
523:
503:ancient grains
463:food shortages
441:
438:
425:and the Roman
292:
289:
287:
284:
242:and made into
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9250:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9228:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9202:
9201:
9198:
9194:
9191:
9189:
9186:
9185:
9184:
9181:
9179:
9176:
9174:
9171:
9169:
9166:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9158:Juice fasting
9156:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9139:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9118:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9105:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9079:
9077:
9073:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9061:Veggie Galaxy
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8998:
8996:
8992:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8960:Lauren Toyota
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8845:Mollie Katzen
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8810:Rip Esselstyn
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8795:Sue Donaldson
8793:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8727:
8725:
8719:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8643:Alan Stoddard
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8628:James Simpson
8626:
8624:
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8603:Rollo Russell
8601:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8593:James Rachels
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8578:Cyril V. Pink
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8548:Scott Nearing
8546:
8544:
8543:Helen Nearing
8541:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8519:
8516:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8498:Andrew Linzey
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8478:William Lambe
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8423:Walter Hadwen
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8348:Edwin Collier
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8333:George Cheyne
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8313:J. L. Buttner
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8281:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8215:
8213:
8209:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8182:Richard Twine
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8172:David Sztybel
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8142:David Olivier
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8032:Valéry Giroux
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7937:David Benatar
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7912:Elisa Aaltola
7910:
7909:
7907:
7903:
7900:
7890:
7884:
7883:
7879:
7877:
7876:
7872:
7870:
7869:
7865:
7863:
7862:
7858:
7856:
7855:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7844:
7837:
7836:
7832:
7829:
7828:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7816:
7813:
7812:
7808:
7805:
7804:
7800:
7797:
7796:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7784:
7781:
7780:
7776:
7773:
7772:
7768:
7765:
7764:
7760:
7757:
7756:
7752:
7749:
7748:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7723:A Sacred Duty
7720:
7717:
7716:
7712:
7709:
7708:
7704:
7701:
7700:
7696:
7693:
7692:
7688:
7685:
7684:
7680:
7677:
7676:
7672:
7669:
7668:
7664:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7655:
7648:
7647:
7643:
7640:
7639:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7627:
7624:
7623:
7619:
7616:
7615:
7611:
7608:
7607:
7603:
7600:
7599:
7595:
7592:
7591:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7579:
7576:
7575:
7571:
7568:
7567:
7563:
7560:
7559:
7555:
7552:
7551:
7547:
7544:
7543:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7531:
7528:
7527:
7523:
7520:
7519:
7515:
7512:
7511:
7507:
7504:
7503:
7499:
7496:
7495:
7491:
7488:
7487:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7475:
7472:
7471:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7459:
7456:
7455:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7443:
7440:
7439:
7435:
7432:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7423:
7419:
7416:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7406:Figs or Pigs?
7403:
7400:
7399:
7395:
7392:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7379:
7376:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7367:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7355:
7352:
7351:
7347:
7344:
7343:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7331:
7328:
7327:
7323:
7320:
7319:
7315:
7312:
7311:
7307:
7304:
7303:
7299:
7297:(3rd century)
7296:
7295:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7280:
7274:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7264:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7055:Our Hen House
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7045:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7025:
7023:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7009:
7005:
6999:
6998:Veggie burger
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6841:
6840:
6837:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6824:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6786:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6729:
6726:
6723:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6706:
6702:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6640:Animal rights
6638:
6637:
6635:
6633:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6601:Organizations
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6578:
6576:
6572:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6502:Vegetarianism
6499:
6493:
6492:Vegan studies
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6466:
6465:Straight edge
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6450:Fruitarianism
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6433:
6429:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6417:vegetarianism
6414:
6407:
6402:
6400:
6395:
6393:
6388:
6387:
6384:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6351:Domestication
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6316:Founder crops
6314:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6302:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6260:
6258:
6254:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6188:
6187:
6183:
6181:
6180:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6171:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6161:Amaranthaceae
6158:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6139:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6129:Pseudocereals
6126:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6090:
6086:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6036:
6032:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5950:pseudocereals
5947:
5940:
5935:
5933:
5928:
5926:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5909:
5903:
5895:
5891:
5887:
5881:
5877:
5872:
5868:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5826:
5822:
5821:
5817:
5808:
5806:9781003845379
5802:
5798:
5791:
5788:
5775:
5771:
5765:
5762:
5749:
5745:
5743:
5738:
5731:
5728:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5697:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5680:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5633:
5632:"Crop Yields"
5629:
5625:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5590:
5584:
5581:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5550:
5547:
5534:
5530:
5524:
5521:
5509:
5505:
5499:
5496:
5491:
5479:
5471:
5467:
5463:
5457:
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5443:
5436:
5433:
5420:
5416:
5410:
5407:
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5384:
5383:
5378:
5371:
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5356:
5350:
5346:
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5338:
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5330:
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5307:
5301:
5299:
5295:
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5279:
5273:
5270:
5264:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5238:
5235:
5229:
5227:9780393247312
5223:
5219:
5215:
5210:
5209:
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5198:
5185:
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5143:
5140:
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5131:
5127:
5123:
5116:
5113:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5066:
5062:
5061:Davidson 2014
5057:
5054:
5050:
5049:Davidson 2014
5045:
5042:
5038:
5026:
5022:
5016:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5005:Davidson 2014
5001:
4998:
4994:
4992:
4978:
4974:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4960:Davidson 2014
4956:
4953:
4949:
4937:
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4919:
4906:
4902:
4898:
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4859:
4856:
4844:
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4826:
4822:
4821:Davidson 2014
4817:
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4415:. Starch.dk.
4414:
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3420:
3416:
3415:
3414:HowStuffWorks
3410:
3404:
3401:
3396:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3357:Plant Science
3354:
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3198:
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3175:
3171:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3146:
3142:
3141:"cereal (n.)"
3136:
3133:
3128:
3126:0-8442-5469-X
3122:
3118:
3111:
3108:
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3100:
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2703:
2700:
2697:
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2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2675:, and animal
2674:
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2444:
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2436:
2432:
2428:
2427:Latin America
2424:
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2398:
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2265:
2257:
2255:
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2249:
2245:
2241:
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2233:
2232:food security
2229:
2220:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2195:
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2186:
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2180:
2177:
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2167:
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2039:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:Thiamine (B1)
2002:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
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1946:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
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1535:
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1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1492:crude protein
1489:
1485:
1484:peanut butter
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1464:South Indians
1461:
1457:
1456:a combination
1453:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1398:carbohydrates
1395:
1386:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1335:
1333:
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1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
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1301:
1295:
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1283:
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1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
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1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1222:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:cereals with
1157:
1156:intercropping
1153:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1117:crop rotation
1114:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
942:
937:
930:
924:
918:
913:
910:
906:
899:
894:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
877:
872:
871:
866:
858:
852:
845:
840:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
823:grain cradles
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
796:
794:
792:
788:
784:
783:
778:
774:
773:
768:
765:, especially
764:
760:
752:
748:
747:
742:
735:
733:
731:
730:vernalization
725:
723:
716:
712:
707:
700:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
640:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:pseudocereals
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
598:, and mainly
597:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
524:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:carbohydrates
484:
480:
476:
472:
464:
460:
456:
452:
447:
439:
437:
435:
434:civilizations
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
398:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
312:
311:ancient Egypt
307:
302:
301:Domestication
298:
290:
285:
283:
281:
280:intercropping
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:Cereals were
189:
187:
183:
182:Roman goddess
179:
175:
171:
170:pseudocereals
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
112:
108:
104:
100:
95:
91:
87:
82:
78:
74:
70:
65:
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
34:
19:
9122:Pink Peacock
9102:Minerva Café
9066:Veggie Grill
9051:Souley Vegan
9046:Slutty Vegan
8980:Alan Wakeman
8955:Haile Thomas
8945:Bryant Terry
8835:Richa Hingle
8830:Dick Gregory
8735:Mayim Bialik
8703:Tzachi Zamir
8658:Sidney Trist
8503:Clair Linzey
8323:Job Caudwell
8298:George Black
8243:William Axon
8197:Laura Wright
8167:Peter Singer
8162:Jérôme Segal
8152:Emelia Quinn
8147:David Pearce
8132:David Nibert
8127:Gemma Newman
8107:Reed Mangels
8097:Howard Lyman
8022:Joel Fuhrman
7997:Alan Desmond
7982:Brenda Davis
7952:Will Bonsall
7880:
7873:
7866:
7859:
7852:
7833:
7827:Maa Ka Doodh
7825:
7817:
7809:
7801:
7793:
7785:
7777:
7769:
7761:
7753:
7745:
7737:
7729:
7721:
7713:
7705:
7697:
7689:
7681:
7673:
7665:
7644:
7636:
7628:
7620:
7612:
7604:
7596:
7588:
7580:
7572:
7566:Skinny Bitch
7564:
7556:
7548:
7540:
7532:
7526:Fit for Life
7524:
7516:
7508:
7500:
7492:
7484:
7476:
7468:
7460:
7452:
7444:
7436:
7428:
7420:
7412:
7404:
7396:
7388:
7380:
7372:
7364:
7356:
7348:
7340:
7332:
7324:
7316:
7308:
7300:
7292:
7243:Viva! Health
7238:Veggie Pride
7126:Alcott House
7065:Plamil Foods
7042:
6983:Sausage roll
6859:Konjac jelly
6826:
6812:Coconut milk
6718:Christianity
6670:Meat paradox
6655:Deep ecology
6460:Raw veganism
6424:Perspectives
6292:
6263:Canary grass
6198:
6191:
6184:
6177:
6138:Polygonaceae
5985:Maize (Corn)
5957:
5945:
5875:
5850:
5842:, FAO, FAO.
5838:
5830:free content
5796:
5790:
5778:. Retrieved
5764:
5752:. Retrieved
5740:
5730:
5718:. Retrieved
5686:
5646:. Retrieved
5635:
5603:. Retrieved
5592:
5583:
5571:. Retrieved
5559:
5549:
5537:. Retrieved
5533:the original
5523:
5511:. Retrieved
5507:
5498:
5441:
5435:
5423:. Retrieved
5409:
5381:
5377:"3. Cereals"
5370:
5358:. Retrieved
5335:
5309:
5285:. Retrieved
5272:
5253:
5247:
5237:
5207:
5200:
5188:. Retrieved
5177:
5167:
5155:. Retrieved
5151:
5142:
5125:
5121:
5115:
5103:. Retrieved
5093:
5081:. Retrieved
5077:
5068:
5056:
5044:
5036:
5029:. Retrieved
5024:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4981:. Retrieved
4976:
4967:
4955:
4947:
4940:. Retrieved
4926:Peña, R. J.
4921:
4909:. Retrieved
4900:
4891:
4864:
4858:
4846:. Retrieved
4838:
4828:
4816:
4804:. Retrieved
4793:
4784:
4769:
4742:
4738:
4728:
4698:(2): 82–89.
4695:
4689:
4676:
4664:. Retrieved
4658:
4648:
4636:. Retrieved
4622:
4605:
4592:
4565:
4559:
4550:
4537:
4525:. Retrieved
4521:the original
4516:
4506:
4473:
4469:
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4443:the original
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4407:
4399:
4377:
4371:
4341:
4334:. Retrieved
4322:
4303:
4282:. Retrieved
4272:
4250:. Retrieved
4246:
4237:
4225:. Retrieved
4221:
4212:
4200:. Retrieved
4196:the original
4191:
4182:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4127:. Retrieved
4113:
4103:
4076:
4070:
4043:
4037:
4025:. Retrieved
4011:
3999:. Retrieved
3971:
3964:
3952:. Retrieved
3948:
3939:
3912:
3908:
3898:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3831:
3813:
3801:. Retrieved
3797:The Guardian
3795:
3785:
3762:
3756:
3744:. Retrieved
3731:
3719:. Retrieved
3708:
3699:
3687:
3679:the original
3672:
3648:. Retrieved
3628:
3592:
3580:
3566:: 74. 1964.
3563:
3557:
3551:
3524:
3518:
3491:
3475:, p. 5.
3468:
3441:
3435:
3423:. Retrieved
3412:
3403:
3360:
3356:
3334:
3327:. Retrieved
3309:
3296:. Retrieved
3272:
3261:
3251:
3239:. Retrieved
3204:
3200:
3190:
3178:. Retrieved
3170:www.jhom.com
3169:
3160:
3148:. Retrieved
3144:
3135:
3116:
3110:
3088:
3082:
3059:
3053:
3004:
3000:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2951:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2908:
2901:
2889:. Retrieved
2885:the original
2878:
2869:
2850:
2844:
2824:
2811:
2776:Food quality
2732:
2480:Wheat gluten
2447:Austronesian
2339:
2328:
2287:
2279:
2224:
2219:cereal trade
1654:Carbohydrate
1441:
1394:whole grains
1391:
1358:
1308:fermentation
1297:
1267:
1232:
1182:
1164:fix nitrogen
1148:polycultures
1145:
1126:
1109:South Dakota
1051:soil erosion
1049:can lead to
1044:
965:
957:pearl barley
946:
874:
868:
862:
815:Global South
800:
787:pest insects
780:
770:
769:(mostly the
756:
744:
726:
722:tilled soils
719:
644:
604:
600:anemophilous
556:
468:
431:
414:
403:
387:domesticated
381:
359:, including
342:
315:
268:monocultures
236:whole grains
233:
193:domesticated
190:
130:staple foods
117:
115:
73:pearl millet
45:
8994:Restaurants
8950:Anna Thomas
8925:Derek Sarno
8805:Rose Elliot
8790:Yamuna Devi
8745:Gypsy Boots
8693:W. A. Sibly
8688:Frank Wokes
8568:Dean Ornish
8468:Norman Kerr
8448:Brian Hines
8433:Edward Hare
8418:John Haddon
8398:Greta Gaard
8328:James Clark
8318:Paul Carton
8283:Ragnar Berg
8278:Robert Bell
8273:Ernest Bell
8137:Jack Norris
8082:Renan Larue
8057:Melanie Joy
8052:Oscar Horta
8027:Kristi Funk
8007:Mylan Engel
7992:Jan Deckers
7987:Garth Davis
7977:Robert Cook
7942:Steven Best
7894:activists,
7892:Academics,
7702:(2003–2005)
7470:Ten Talents
7181:Friday Fast
6908:Plant cream
6849:Carrageenan
6797:Agave syrup
6685:Sentientism
6675:Nonviolence
6611:Vegan media
6606:Restaurants
6581:Vegetarians
6555:Ecofeminism
6186:A. cruentus
6179:A. caudatus
5980:Job's tears
5360:13 December
5157:10 February
5083:10 February
4839:Bon Appétit
4666:19 November
4566:Fertilizers
4188:"Varieties"
3858:: 515–525.
3222:10230/57736
2977:10 February
2930:10 February
2781:Food safety
2735:commodities
2717:Grain trade
2449:expansion.
2433:), most of
2421:in most of
2419:Staple food
2283:food energy
2236:Speculation
2072:Niacin (B3)
1344:Animal feed
1338:Animal feed
1251:Mesoamerica
1239:Wheat flour
1189:milled rice
1185:cooked rice
1121:cover crops
1093:Mitigations
1079:fossil fuel
1063:water table
1033:Harvesting
1004:corn starch
876:Penicillium
870:Aspergillus
715:paddy field
641:Cultivation
475:monoculture
455:Rice fields
377:Nile Valley
373:Mesopotamia
18:Cereal crop
9227:Categories
9188:Low-carbon
9168:Vegaphobia
9006:Cinnaholic
8975:Nisha Vora
8905:Gaz Oakley
8815:Toni Fiore
8780:Pinky Cole
8775:Hannah Che
8730:Nava Atlas
8588:Rod Preece
8573:Felix Ortt
8378:T. Forster
8288:Rynn Berry
8211:Vegetarian
8102:Al-Ma'arri
7898:physicians
7854:Naked Food
7771:Cowspiracy
7715:Earthlings
7646:Meat Atlas
7166:Jewish Veg
7119:Vegetarian
7095:Veganmania
7075:Vegan flag
6958:Vegetables
6933:Soy yogurt
6913:Plant milk
6695:Tirukkuṟaḷ
6690:Speciesism
6565:By country
6525:Orthopathy
6346:Tell Aswad
6288:Nipa grass
6041:(Triticum)
5894:1004672994
5628:Roser, Max
5589:"ProdSTAT"
5287:8 February
5256:(2): 243.
5105:5 February
5031:8 February
4983:8 February
4843:Condé Nast
4527:8 February
4449:9 February
4336:17 October
4252:9 February
4227:9 February
4202:9 February
4129:9 February
4027:9 February
3954:8 February
3746:4 November
3287:(Report).
3150:5 February
3145:Etymonline
2836:References
2729:ship, 2006
2727:bulk grain
2665:crispbread
2511:Grown for
2443:breadfruit
2435:South Asia
2272:Threshing
2262:See also:
2258:Production
1846:Phosphorus
1452:methionine
1328:Rice wines
1263:rice flour
1067:Fertilizer
990:, or sold
931:Processing
797:Harvesting
791:fungicides
775:spp.) and
689:, such as
661:, such as
573:where the
519:cash crops
515:food crops
457:in India.
53:Harvesting
8985:Joe Yonan
8721:Chefs and
8488:Elmer Lee
8157:Tom Regan
8062:Joel Kahn
7896:authors,
7846:Magazines
7755:Vegucated
7266:Companies
7100:Veganuary
6898:Mock duck
6790:and drink
6765:Rastafari
6705:Religious
6596:Festivals
6560:Nutrition
6477:Nutrition
6311:Triticeae
6235:Lamiaceae
6146:Buckwheat
6025:Wild rice
6020:Triticale
5902:cite book
5754:30 August
5737:"FAOSTAT"
5720:30 August
5710:939553708
5648:30 August
5568:0362-4331
5488:ignored (
5478:cite book
5179:HealthDay
4942:30 August
4911:30 August
4806:27 August
4761:1774-0746
4568:. Wiley.
4498:0167-1987
4306:. Wiley.
4284:29 August
4174:1744-5647
4001:30 August
3874:1464-6722
3650:30 August
3425:25 August
3231:244818703
3180:27 August
3045:205216444
3029:0028-0836
2742:on world
2604:Triticale
2517:livestock
2389:livestock
2294:wild rice
1880:Potassium
1812:Magnesium
1375:Nutrition
1270:endosperm
1255:tortillas
1057:may have
1039:perennial
988:rice wine
941:tortillas
679:triticale
651:perennial
627:buckwheat
619:triticale
575:seed coat
567:caryopsis
349:farm rice
347:began to
330:Neolithic
197:Neolithic
178:perennial
162:buckwheat
111:triticale
97:(bottom)
84:(middle)
8965:Jeeca Uy
8663:Valluvar
7803:Dominion
7649:(annual)
7286:journals
7284:reports,
7213:Swissveg
7044:Go Vegan
6948:Tofurkey
6728:Hinduism
6713:Buddhism
6470:Hardline
6432:Veganism
6413:Veganism
6307:See also
6170:Amaranth
6074:Norin 10
6069:Red Fife
6064:Khorasan
5774:Archived
5748:Archived
5714:Archived
5642:Archived
5599:Archived
5425:24 April
5419:Archived
5385:. OECD.
5316:Archived
5184:Archived
4936:Archived
4905:Archived
4800:Archived
4795:BBC Food
4720:17894176
4417:Archived
4278:Archived
4021:Archived
3995:Archived
3931:33949075
3890:11548015
3882:20565626
3715:Archived
3644:Archived
3419:Archived
3395:20467463
3323:Archived
3298:9 August
3289:Archived
3280:(2004).
3241:17 April
3235:Archived
3174:Archived
3037:19212403
2971:Archived
2949:(1998).
2924:Archived
2891:22 April
2764:See also
2669:whiskeys
2596:porridge
2439:Far East
2437:and the
2361:2019/20
2302:Ethiopia
1468:Bengalis
1414:minerals
1410:vitamins
1326:barley.
1203:such as
1193:porridge
1115:using a
1055:aquifers
903:Peeling
853:in Japan
807:threshes
772:Puccinia
701:Planting
635:amaranth
625:include
579:pericarp
539:spikelet
499:minerals
495:vitamins
432:Complex
415:cerealis
363:, fish,
336:site in
334:Ohalo II
258:such as
248:porridge
71:: (top)
9233:Cereals
9141:Related
9041:Purezza
7875:VegNews
7795:Carnage
7739:Planeat
6978:Sausage
6968:Hot dog
6854:Gulaman
6832:legumes
6827:cereals
6770:Sikhism
6755:Judaism
6750:Jainism
6733:Sattvic
6650:Carnism
6632:Secular
6545:Cuisine
6520:History
6455:History
6216:Cañihua
6200:Celosia
6097:Einkorn
6010:Sorghum
5990:Millets
5958:Cereals
5946:Cereals
5818:Sources
5780:25 June
5742:FAOSTAT
5594:FAOSTAT
5573:2 April
5539:2 April
5513:2 April
5470:8045747
5417:. FAO.
4700:Bibcode
4638:23 June
4478:Bibcode
4423:12 June
4154:Bibcode
3803:31 July
3721:18 June
3386:2866137
3365:Bibcode
3336:skills.
3263:Reuters
3009:Bibcode
2671:, some
2667:, some
2525:Sorghum
2513:malting
2369:(corn)
2228:pricing
1744:Calcium
1586:Protein
1553:Energy
1448:legumes
1406:protein
1316:brewing
1284:Alcohol
1259:tamales
1205:granola
1160:legumes
1087:to bees
1047:Tillage
1019:Impacts
953:oatmeal
889:rodents
819:scythes
811:winnows
695:sorghum
611:sorghum
559:Poaceae
547:stamens
525:Biology
481:, with
391:sorghum
365:compost
291:Origins
286:History
217:sorghum
195:in the
174:annuals
86:sorghum
67:Cereal
8077:Aph Ko
7838:(2024)
7830:(2023)
7822:(2018)
7814:(2018)
7806:(2018)
7798:(2017)
7790:(2017)
7782:(2015)
7774:(2014)
7766:(2013)
7758:(2011)
7750:(2011)
7742:(2010)
7734:(2010)
7726:(2007)
7718:(2005)
7710:(2004)
7694:(2002)
7686:(1998)
7678:(1991)
7670:(1981)
7641:(2022)
7633:(2020)
7625:(2018)
7617:(2016)
7609:(2015)
7601:(2009)
7593:(2009)
7585:(2006)
7577:(2006)
7569:(2005)
7561:(2005)
7553:(1997)
7545:(1990)
7537:(1987)
7529:(1985)
7521:(1977)
7513:(1976)
7505:(1975)
7497:(1973)
7489:(1972)
7481:(1971)
7473:(1968)
7465:(1954)
7457:(1927)
7449:(1910)
7441:(1907)
7433:(1904)
7425:(1903)
7417:(1898)
7409:(1896)
7401:(1895)
7393:(1892)
7385:(1891)
7377:(1886)
7369:(1883)
7361:(1845)
7353:(1845)
7345:(1835)
7337:(1824)
7329:(1814)
7321:(1813)
7313:(1812)
7305:(1802)
7282:Books,
7105:Veganz
7013:events
7008:Groups
6953:Cheese
6938:Tempeh
6928:Seitan
6918:Quinoa
6871:Jambon
6822:Grains
6817:Fruits
6775:Taoism
6738:Ahimsa
6624:Ethics
6586:Vegans
6221:Djulis
6206:Quinoa
6079:Winter
6039:Wheat
5970:Barley
5892:
5882:
5863:
5803:
5708:
5698:
5605:9 July
5566:
5468:
5458:
5397:
5351:
5224:
5190:31 May
4879:
4848:6 June
4759:
4718:
4580:
4496:
4392:
4378:Barley
4310:
4172:
4120:
4091:
4058:
3987:
3929:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3773:
3636:
3539:
3529:London
3506:
3496:London
3456:
3393:
3383:
3329:5 June
3229:
3123:
3095:
3070:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3001:Nature
2963:
2916:
2857:
2677:fodder
2673:vodkas
2624:Hybrid
2550:Millet
2492:Barley
2423:Brazil
2384:1,148
2344:Notes
2335:Grain
2310:farina
2306:injera
1914:Sodium
1542:Sorgh.
1522:Millet
1512:Barley
1444:lysine
1412:, and
1369:silage
1324:malted
1320:starch
1276:, and
1235:ground
1197:muesli
1187:, raw
1162:which
1141:kernza
1137:ratoon
1035:kernza
984:whisky
972:malted
943:, 2013
909:Zambia
736:Growth
691:millet
681:, and
663:barley
655:ratoon
647:annual
633:, and
631:quinoa
615:millet
563:grains
551:pollen
543:glumes
440:Modern
407:Ashnan
375:, the
361:manure
338:Israel
320:, and
252:starch
221:millet
205:barley
168:, are
166:quinoa
156:, and
154:millet
150:barley
118:cereal
99:millet
81:barley
69:grains
9238:Crops
8750:BOSH!
7905:Vegan
7861:Satya
7021:Vegan
6923:Quorn
6893:Mochi
6745:Islam
6574:Lists
6268:Drinn
6107:Spelt
6102:Emmer
6089:Farro
6059:Durum
6054:Bread
5975:Fonio
5466:S2CID
4686:(PDF)
4602:(PDF)
4547:(PDF)
4331:(PDF)
3886:S2CID
3854:(6).
3292:(PDF)
3285:(PDF)
3227:S2CID
3104:(pdf)
3041:S2CID
2997:(PDF)
2803:Notes
2796:Pulse
2711:Trade
2698:0.56
2695:0.31
2692:0.15
2689:0.18
2685:Fonio
2657:bread
2653:flour
2611:0.17
2455:Wheat
2367:Maize
2358:2010
2355:2000
2352:1980
2349:1961
2156:0.05
2066:0.05
2063:0.04
2060:0.11
2057:0.04
2054:0.06
2051:0.13
2048:0.09
2045:0.13
2032:0.19
2029:0.15
2026:0.14
2023:0.24
2020:0.34
2017:0.19
2014:0.17
2011:0.29
1688:Fibre
1620:Lipid
1556:kcal
1547:Wheat
1517:Maize
1474:with
1472:beans
1247:pasta
1243:bread
1221:Flour
1111:with
1000:maize
986:, or
955:, or
905:maize
865:mould
827:straw
767:rusts
759:yield
751:wheat
713:in a
683:wheat
675:spelt
596:maize
587:nodes
583:stems
571:fruit
535:wheat
427:Janus
423:Lahmu
411:Ceres
369:ashes
353:fires
345:China
244:bread
240:flour
201:Wheat
186:Ceres
158:maize
138:wheat
126:grain
122:grass
120:is a
103:wheat
90:maize
7011:and
6993:Wine
6988:Beer
6943:Tofu
6888:Miso
6844:Agar
6788:Food
6415:and
6243:Chia
6015:Teff
6000:Rice
5995:Oats
5948:and
5908:link
5890:OCLC
5880:ISBN
5861:ISBN
5801:ISBN
5782:2015
5756:2022
5722:2022
5706:OCLC
5696:ISBN
5650:2022
5607:2020
5575:2022
5564:ISSN
5541:2022
5515:2022
5508:Time
5490:help
5456:ISBN
5427:2011
5395:ISBN
5362:2023
5349:ISBN
5289:2024
5222:ISBN
5192:2021
5159:2024
5107:2024
5085:2024
5033:2024
4985:2024
4944:2022
4913:2022
4877:ISBN
4850:2022
4808:2022
4757:ISSN
4716:PMID
4668:2021
4640:2023
4578:ISBN
4529:2024
4494:ISSN
4451:2024
4425:2011
4390:ISBN
4338:2008
4308:ISBN
4286:2022
4254:2024
4229:2024
4204:2024
4170:ISSN
4131:2024
4118:ISBN
4089:ISBN
4056:ISBN
4029:2024
4003:2022
3985:ISBN
3956:2024
3927:PMID
3878:PMID
3870:ISSN
3805:2018
3771:ISBN
3748:2023
3723:2020
3652:2022
3634:ISBN
3537:ISBN
3504:ISBN
3454:ISBN
3442:Rice
3427:2019
3391:PMID
3331:2017
3300:2011
3243:2022
3182:2022
3152:2024
3121:ISBN
3093:ISBN
3068:ISBN
3033:PMID
3025:ISSN
2979:2021
2961:ISBN
2932:2021
2914:ISBN
2893:2013
2855:ISBN
2661:beer
2575:Oats
2515:and
2508:159
2505:123
2502:133
2499:157
2484:tofu
2471:768
2468:641
2465:585
2462:440
2459:222
2414:755
2411:697
2408:599
2405:397
2402:285
2397:Rice
2381:852
2378:592
2375:397
2372:205
2298:teff
2274:teff
2178:mcg
2168:0.2
2165:0.2
2162:0.1
2159:0.2
2153:0.2
2150:0.1
2147:0.1
2134:0.4
2131:0.2
2128:0.7
2125:0.7
2122:0.6
2119:0.4
2116:0.2
2113:0.1
2100:3.0
2097:1.7
2094:1.9
2091:2.9
2088:0.4
2085:2.1
2082:1.6
1976:1.9
1973:0.7
1970:1.2
1967:1.0
1964:1.8
1961:0.8
1958:0.8
1955:1.2
1948:Zinc
1908:194
1905:163
1902:230
1899:112
1896:193
1890:129
1887:203
1874:229
1871:130
1868:149
1865:140
1862:235
1859:128
1856:108
1853:119
1806:1.6
1803:1.5
1800:1.2
1797:0.6
1794:2.1
1791:1.3
1788:1.5
1785:1.6
1778:Iron
1716:4.8
1713:3.0
1710:6.8
1707:1.6
1704:4.8
1701:3.8
1698:3.3
1695:7.8
1648:1.1
1645:1.6
1642:0.7
1639:1.4
1636:3.1
1633:1.9
1630:1.6
1614:6.1
1611:4.8
1608:4.6
1605:3.4
1602:7.6
1599:5.0
1596:3.6
1593:5.6
1580:153
1577:148
1574:152
1571:165
1568:175
1565:170
1562:163
1559:159
1532:Rice
1527:Oats
1480:tofu
1466:and
1436:and
1354:feed
1332:sake
1312:beer
1302:and
1292:and
1290:Beer
1278:bran
1274:germ
1257:and
1245:and
1209:oils
1195:and
1174:Uses
1037:, a
1006:and
980:beer
885:silo
873:and
821:and
809:and
761:are
711:rice
693:and
667:oats
607:rice
569:, a
545:; 4
505:and
367:and
322:oats
299:and
278:and
260:beer
219:and
213:rice
203:and
164:and
146:oats
134:rice
94:oats
77:rice
6005:Rye
5446:doi
5387:doi
5341:doi
5258:doi
5218:301
5130:doi
4869:doi
4747:doi
4708:doi
4696:297
4610:doi
4570:doi
4486:doi
4382:doi
4162:doi
4081:doi
4048:doi
3917:doi
3860:doi
3568:doi
3446:doi
3381:PMC
3373:doi
3361:177
3217:hdl
3209:doi
3205:130
3017:doi
3005:457
2817:FAO
2648:13
2645:12
2642:20
2639:25
2636:35
2632:Rye
2617:14
2591:23
2588:20
2585:26
2582:41
2579:50
2566:28
2563:33
2560:28
2557:25
2554:26
2541:58
2538:60
2535:56
2532:57
2529:41
2496:72
2202:19
2196:17
2193:10
2190:25
2187:38
2184:11
2144:mg
2110:mg
2076:mg
2042:mg
2008:mg
1952:mg
1924:16
1918:mg
1893:88
1884:mg
1850:mg
1840:65
1837:74
1834:50
1831:52
1828:80
1825:51
1822:57
1819:60
1816:mg
1782:mg
1772:15
1766:11
1760:24
1751:15
1748:mg
1682:32
1679:32
1676:34
1673:31
1670:30
1667:31
1664:35
1661:33
1537:Rye
1460:dal
1392:As
1361:hay
1306:by
907:in
883:or
833:or
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671:rye
318:rye
142:rye
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