128:
1084:...by means of revelations which he pretends were written by a great apostle, brings before us marvelous things which he falsely claims were shown him by angels; and he says that after the resurrection the kingdom of Christ will be set up on earth, and that the flesh dwelling in Jerusalem will again be subject to desires and pleasures. And being an enemy of the Scriptures of God, he asserts, with the purpose of deceiving men, that there is to be a period of a thousand years for marriage festivals.
205:
1691:"On the whole, then, if that is evidently more true which is earlier, if that is earlier which is from the very beginning, if that is from the beginning which has the apostles for its authors, then it will certainly be quite as evident, that that comes down from the apostles, which has been kept as a sacred deposit in the churches of the apostles,"
169:
at
Ephesus without bathing when he found out Cerinthus was inside, exclaiming, "Let us fly, lest even the bath-house fall down, because Cerinthus, the enemy of the truth, is inside!" Irenaeus also relates that John sought by proclamation of his gospel "to remove that error which by Cerinthus had been
1056:
lists only four lifestyle requirements for
Gentile converts to Christianity for the purpose of their attending synagogue, after which they would learn the law of Moses as it was preached every Shabbat (Acts 15:21). Many scholars see these four requirements set out by the Jerusalem Council as a
141:
Irenaeus writes that
Cerinthus was educated in the Gnosis of the Egyptians. According to Epiphanius, Cerinthus was the instigator of trouble against the Apostles Paul and Peter at Jerusalem, and had sent out men to Antioch commanding that gentile converts must be circumcised and keep the
880:, a little-known 2nd-century text discovered in 1895, which is roughly contemporary (c. 160–170) with the above work of Irenaeus, was written polemically against the teachings of Cerinthus, beginning with an admonition to those who might follow the teachings of Simon and Cerinthus.
998:. In portraying Christ as a spirit that came from heaven, undertook its divine task in the material world, and then returned, he anticipates the fully developed Christian Gnosticism in later decades. Irenaeus numbers Cerinthus among those Gnostics who denied that Jesus is the
107:
Cerinthus flourished during the second half of the first century, though the date of his birth and his death are unknown. None of
Cerinthus' actual writings seem to have survived. Our most detailed understanding of the man Cerinthus' teachings are from the 4th century Bishop
1695:"We have also St. John's foster churches. For although Marcion rejects his Apocalypse, the order of the bishops (thereof), when traced up to their origin, will yet rest on John as their author. In the same manner is recognised the excellent source of the other churches."
1156:
indicates that all John's foster churches (i.e., the churches of Asia Minor) when traced back to the beginning all rested on the
Apostle John as its author, and that it receives the same recognition in all the other churches. Irenaeus makes consistent remarks.
1098:, who, "refusing to accept an 'apocryphon' because of the deep and difficult sayings in the Revelation . . . say that they are not John's composition but Cernthus', and have no right to a place in the church." Caius' view was refuted by his contemporary,
900:, a 2nd-century Gnostic who was hostile to the God of the Hebrews proclaimed in the Law and prophets, Cerinthus recognized Jewish scripture and professed to follow the God of the Hebrews, though Cerinthus denied that he made the world.
1179:. In the book Cerinthus, much to the disciple John's frustration, has begun spreading his gnostic teachings to the populace, whereupon John is moved to write his counter-argument: the
112:, a few centuries after his death, though Irenaeus of Lyon (c. 135–202) briefly outlines Cerinthus' beliefs in his five books against Gnosticism. Publication of surviving fragments of
1235:
866:
1144:
by Gwynne's publication of some fragments from the work of
Hippolytus "Contra Caium" (Hermathena, VI, p. 397 sq.); from these it seems clear that Caius maintained that the
1041:
1842:
1926:
983:) and left him again at his crucifixion—never to embody the flesh. Cerinthus is also said to have taught that Jesus will be raised from the dead at the
92:
to warn the less mature in faith and doctrine about the changes
Cerinthus was making to the original gospel. According to early Christian sources, the
1936:
1777:
1286:
127:
847:
1850:
158:. According to Galatian tradition, Paul wrote his epistle to the Galatians against Cerinthus' followers who were troubling the church.
1921:
1549:
1524:
1470:
1261:
643:
860:
We do not have a fully developed understanding of
Cerinthus' teachings. The earliest surviving account of Cerinthus is that in
1680:
The fragments preserved contain Caius' objections to Rev. 8:8, 12; 9:2, 3, 15; 20:2, 3 accompanied by
Hippolytus' refutation.
161:
In Asia, early
Christian writers identify Cerinthus as an adversary of the Apostle John. According to Irenaeus, his teacher
65:, and denied that the Supreme God made the physical world. In Cerinthus' interpretation, the Christ descended upon Jesus at
1710:
1494:
1358:
1302:
1088:
It is, however, improbable that this statement is true of Cerinthus' beliefs. Caius of Rome is identified with those whom
870:, which was written about 170 AD. According to Irenæus, Cerinthus, a man educated in the wisdom of the Egyptians, claimed
309:
1011:
1931:
789:
784:
595:
979:, and taught that the Christ descended upon him in the form of a dove from the Supreme Ruler at baptism (see also
77:, he maintained that Jesus was not born of a virgin, but was a mere man, the biological son of Mary and Joseph.
988:
908:
Cerinthus taught that the visible world and heavens were not made by the supreme being, but by a lesser power (
840:
749:
155:
1254:
From the Lost Teachings of Polycarp: Identifying Irenaeus' Apostolic Presbyter and the Author of As Diognetum
889:
1659:
Panarion, "Against the sect which does not accept the gospel according to John and his Revelation", 51, 3.4
1122:), although the name written is largely illegible. A late second century Christian sect (later dubbed the
1106:(Heads Against Caius), of which only fragments preserved in a commentary of Dionysius Bar-Salibi survive.
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705:
648:
89:
1822:
1089:
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335:
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269:
151:
109:
85:
39:
935:
schools of philosophy, which dominated the learned environment of the eastern Mediterranean, see also
150:(c. 50). After these things, Epiphanius says that Cerinthus founded a school in the Roman province of
1049:
1033:
999:
948:
877:
794:
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147:
70:
1857:
Schaff's History of the Christian Church, volume II, chapter XI: THE HERESIES OF THE ANTE-NICENE AGE
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Cerinthus instructed his followers to maintain strict adherence to both Written and Oral Torah
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1520:
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893:
441:
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274:
229:
1739:
Hill, Charles E. (2000). "Cerinthus, Gnostic or Chiliast? A New Solution to an Old Problem".
1658:
1346:
The Testimony of the Beloved Disciple: Narrative, History, and Theology in the Gospel of John
1748:
1211:
1195:
1152:(Apocalypse) is attributed to John by Christians before that time; third century theologian
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All that is known about Cerinthus comes from the writing of his theological opponents.
58:
30:
1887:
943:
that followed him, Cerinthus taught that the demiurge was not evil, more like Philo's
1915:
1831:
1760:
662:
633:
1816:
1053:
912:) distinct from him. He taught that this power was ignorant of the existence of the
972:
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143:
80:
Early Christian tradition describes Cerinthus as a contemporary to and opponent of
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350:
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1140:: "Additional light has been thrown on the character of Caius's dialogue against
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and guided him in ministry and the performing of miracles, but left him at the
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892:, which the early church fathers identify as an unorthodox version of the
1073:
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919:
His use of the term demiurge (literally, craftsman) for the creator fits
909:
861:
720:
249:
162:
1789:
Storia critica delle vite degli eresiarchi del primo secolo della Chiesa
1846:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 761.
1128:) headed by Caius of Rome alleged Cerinthus was the true author of the
799:
475:
458:
412:
289:
244:
166:
50:
1709:, when expressing the correct reading of the number of the Beast; Cf.
165:, himself a student of John, told the story that John rushed out of a
1040:
established the understanding that Christians are not required to be
994:
In describing Jesus as a natural-born man, Cerinthus agreed with the
964:
264:
259:
96:
wrote his gospel specifically to refute the teachings of Cerinthus.
1693:
and after detailing the churches of Peter and Paul, he continues,
1124:
1094:
960:
944:
871:
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578:
299:
1853:
from New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (1952)
1334:
Hill (2006), pp. 29, 30 citing Irenaeus, Against Heresies, 3.11.1
1835:
1815:
367:
1907:
Gaius argument for Cerinthus' authorship of the Gospel of John
1519:. London, New York, Kobenhavn, Koln: E.J. Brill. p. 47.
1465:. Tubingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck. pp. 28, 29, 81, 134.
1808:
Critical Dictionary of Apocalyptic and Millenarian Movements
1061:. Conversely, certain Jewish Christian sects, including the
1607:
1605:
1372:
1370:
1065:, recognized Mosaic law as both practicable and necessary.
1517:
Early Egyptian Christianity: From its Origins to 451 C.E
1281:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan. pp. 536, 539.
1726:
Gwynn, John (July 1888). "Commentary on Revelation".
1485:
Against Heresies, 3.11.1. See Hill (2006), pp. 29, 30
1400:
Griggs (1990), p. 47, citing Against Heresies, 1.26.1
1080:, relates how, according to Caius of Rome, Cerinthus,
120:
demonstrate Epiphanius drew heavily from Hippolytus'
1256:. Tubingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck. pp. 28–30.
44:
154:, which at its height spread into the province of
1826:. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1806:. In James Crossley and Alastair Lockhart (eds.)
1540:Koch, Glenn A. (1990). Mills, Watson E. (ed.).
132:John and the heretic Cerinthus in the bathhouse
1791:. Venice: Francesco Pitteri. pp. 271–412.
1114:Cerinthus may be the alleged recipient of the
61:. Contrary to the Church Fathers, he used the
1770:The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis, Book I
841:
8:
1229:
1227:
1148:was a work of the Gnostic Cerinthus." The
848:
834:
177:
888:Cerinthus utilized a gospel identical to
1689:Against Marcion,4.5, Tertullian writes,
1544:. Mercer University Press. p. 225.
1421:
1409:
959:Cerinthus distinguished between the man
947:than the egotistical demiurge taught by
126:
1223:
180:
1567:
1557:
1020:for the attainment of salvation. This
1388:
1376:
1348:. Baker Publishing Group. p. 67.
122:Refutation of the Thirty-two Heresies
7:
1198:. The poem concludes with the line "
19:For the town in ancient Euboea, see
1462:From the Lost Teachings of Polycarp
1240:
971:, making him the biological son of
1741:Journal of Early Christian Studies
1670:The Catholic Encyclopedia, "Caius"
146:, prompting the convention of the
14:
1927:1st-century Christian theologians
1814:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1908).
1200:But 'twas Cerinthus that was lost
1167:John's Story: The Last Eyewitness
49:; fl. c. 50-100 CE) was an early
16:Syrian theologian and philosopher
1772:. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
1439:Epistle to Florinus (fragment 2)
644:Gnosticism and the New Testament
203:
1787:Travasa, Gaetano Maria (1752).
1647:Ecclesiastical History, 3.28.2
1542:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
1233:See, in particular, Irenaeus,
1194:, which recounts the death of
1:
1863:EarlyChurch.org.uk: Cerinthus
1279:A Survey of the New Testament
1110:Works attributed to Cerinthus
967:. He denied the supernatural
1937:Early Jewish Christian sects
1138:Catholic Encyclopedia: Caius
1028:. This view contradicts the
1012:Biblical law in Christianity
864:' refutation of Gnosticism,
1515:Griggs, C. Wilfred (1990).
1359:Against Heresies, 1.26.1, 2
1239:, Book I, III and relative
1169:, part of Christian writer
790:Neoplatonism and Gnosticism
84:, who may have written the
45:
1958:
1186:Cerinthus is mentioned in
1102:, in a lost work entitled
1009:
785:Gnosticism in modern times
18:
1459:Hill, Charles E. (2006).
1435:Against Heresies, 3.3.2-4
1344:Baukham, Richard (2007).
1252:Hill, Charles E. (2006).
1165:Cerinthus is featured in
170:disseminated among men".
57:in the view of the early
53:, who was prominent as a
34:
1922:1st-century Christianity
1768:Williams, Frank (2009).
1636:Against Heresies, 3.11.3
1625:Against heresies, 1.26.2
1613:Against Heresies, 1.26.1
1598:Against Heresies, 1.27.2
1586:Against Heresies, 1.26.2
1315:Against Heresies, 1.26.2
1303:Against Heresies, 1.26.1
1118:(codex I, text 2 of the
1022:soteriological worldview
878:The Epistula Apostolorum
750:Wisdom (personification)
1843:Encyclopædia Britannica
1449:Against Heresies, 3.3.4
1277:Gundry, Robert (2012).
1161:Cerinthus in literature
805:Theosophy (Blavatskian)
1859:section 123: Cerinthus
1753:10.1353/earl.2000.0027
1086:
1078:Ecclesiastical History
989:when all men will rise
706:Apocalyptic literature
138:
90:Second Epistle of John
1823:Catholic Encyclopedia
1192:A Death in the Desert
1104:Capita Adversus Caium
1090:Epiphanius of Salamis
1082:
969:virgin birth of Jesus
890:that of the Ebionites
773:Esoteric Christianity
639:Clementine literature
616:List of Gnostic texts
336:List of Gnostic sects
130:
118:Capita Adversus Caium
110:Epiphanius of Salamis
86:First Epistle of John
1325:1 John 2:18, 19; 4:3
1176:The Jesus Chronicles
1074:Eusebius of Caesarea
1034:Council of Jerusalem
795:Perennial philosophy
421:Christian Gnosticism
134:, 1701 engraving by
114:Hippolytus of Rome's
1424:, pp. 120–121.
1412:, pp. 117–119.
1391:, pp. 406–409.
1379:, pp. 397–418.
1120:Nag Hammadi library
1116:Apocryphon of James
937:Hellenistic Judaism
810:Western esotericism
778:Christian theosophy
726:Paul and Gnosticism
649:Mandaean scriptures
629:Nag Hammadi library
567:Chinese Manichaeism
82:John the Evangelist
73:. Similarly to the
63:Gospel of Cerinthus
1932:1st-century Romans
1900:Historia Ecclesiae
1705:Against Heresies,
1150:Book of Revelation
1146:Apocalypse of John
1134:Book of Revelation
1100:Hippolytus of Rome
733:Merkabah mysticism
711:Early Christianity
668:Cologne Mani-Codex
573:Islamic Gnosticism
561:Chinese Gnosticism
542:Persian Gnosticism
389:Samaritan Baptist
362:Judean / Israelite
139:
21:Cerinthus (Euboea)
1880:Adversus Haereses
1869:Adversus Haereses
1837:"Cerinthus"
1817:"Cerinthus"
1779:978-90-04-17017-9
1288:978-0-310-49474-4
1236:Adversus haereses
1036:(c. 50 AD), when
898:Marcion of Sinope
894:Gospel of Matthew
867:Adversus haereses
858:
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310:World of Darkness
148:Jerusalem Council
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1747:(2): 135–172.
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1181:Gospel of John
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1130:Gospel of John
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939:. Unlike true
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116:(c. 170–235)
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32:
28:
22:
1899:
1882:, Book III (
1879:
1873:Chapter XXVI
1868:
1841:
1821:
1807:
1788:
1769:
1744:
1740:
1731:
1727:
1701:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1676:
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1653:
1642:
1631:
1619:
1592:
1580:
1541:
1535:
1516:
1510:
1490:
1481:
1461:
1454:
1445:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1396:
1384:
1354:
1345:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1278:
1272:
1253:
1247:
1234:
1199:
1191:
1185:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1072:
1057:parallel to
1050:Book of Acts
1015:
1000:Logos (Word)
993:
958:
918:
907:
887:
876:
865:
859:
762:Influence on
683:Berlin Codex
431:
330:and founders
160:
140:
131:
121:
117:
106:
98:
94:Apostle John
79:
26:
25:
1804:"Cerinthus"
1568:|work=
1092:styles the
1069:Eschatology
1063:Cerinthians
1059:Noahide Law
1042:circumcised
1030:soteriology
981:Adoptionism
933:Neoplatonic
914:Supreme God
815:Rene Guenon
716:Christology
678:Bruce Codex
673:Askew Codex
553:Manichaeism
498:Basilideans
487:Alexandrian
398:Simon Magus
235:Anima mundi
225:Adam pagria
71:crucifixion
1916:Categories
1898:Eusebius,
1884:Chapter II
1878:Irenaeus,
1871:, Book I (
1867:Irenaeus,
1734:: 397–418.
1623:Irenaeus,
1611:Irenaeus,
1596:Irenaeus,
1433:Irenaeus,
1389:Gwynn 1888
1377:Gwynn 1888
1313:Irenaeus,
1301:Irenaeus,
1218:References
1171:Tim LaHaye
1154:Tertullian
1044:to attain
1024:is termed
1018:Mosaic law
1010:See also:
1006:Jewish law
991:with him.
949:Valentinus
609:Scriptures
529:Marcosians
512:Valentinus
481:Sethianism
464:Saturninus
447:Marcionism
383:Elkasaites
356:Thomasines
315:Yaldabaoth
255:Five Seals
220:Adam kasia
195:Gnosticism
152:Asia Minor
136:Jan Luyken
55:heresiarch
1851:Cerinthus
1761:170194226
1728:Hermantha
1570:ignored (
1560:cite book
1076:, in his
1046:salvation
996:Ebionites
896:. Unlike
884:Scripture
768:Carl Jung
584:Nusayrism
493:Basilides
454:Nicolaism
432:Cerinthus
402:Simonians
393:Dositheos
373:Mandaeism
351:Maghāriya
167:bathhouse
103:Biography
75:Ebionites
46:Kērinthos
40:romanized
27:Cerinthus
1942:Gnostics
1499:3.2.1, 2
1363:3.11.1-3
1206:See also
1190:'s poem
1052:chapter
1026:legalism
985:Last Day
963:and the
941:Gnostics
921:Platonic
910:Demiurge
904:Creation
721:Docetism
536:Florinus
408:Menander
270:Luminary
250:Demiurge
188:a series
186:Part of
163:Polycarp
88:and the
35:Κήρινθος
1888:Ch. III
1875:, §1-2)
1142:Proclus
872:angelic
862:Irenæus
800:Thelema
656:Codices
476:Ophites
459:Perates
442:Marcion
427:Apelles
413:Quqites
379:Elksai
290:Pleroma
245:Barbelo
174:Beliefs
156:Galatia
67:baptism
51:Gnostic
42::
1892:Ch. XI
1890:, §4;
1886:, §1;
1810:. 2021
1776:
1759:
1711:5.28.2
1707:5.30.1
1548:
1523:
1505:; 3.11
1495:1.26.1
1469:
1285:
1260:
1048:. The
973:Joseph
965:Christ
931:, and
590:Modern
524:Marcus
437:Justin
295:Sophia
285:Ogdoad
265:Kenoma
260:Gnosis
240:Archon
182:
1894:, §1)
1757:S2CID
1503:3.3.4
1125:Alogi
1095:Alogi
961:Jesus
955:Jesus
945:logos
743:Philo
623:Texts
579:Druze
506:Roman
300:Uthra
280:Monad
275:Manda
31:Greek
1774:ISBN
1572:help
1546:ISBN
1521:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1437:and
1283:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1132:and
977:Mary
975:and
548:Mani
368:Adam
230:Aeon
1749:doi
1202:."
1173:'s
144:Law
1918::
1840:.
1820:.
1755:.
1743:.
1730:.
1604:^
1564::
1562:}}
1558:{{
1501:;
1497:;
1369:^
1361:;
1226:^
1183:.
1054:15
1002:.
987:,
951:.
927:,
923:,
916:.
190:on
124:.
37:,
33::
1902:.
1782:.
1763:.
1751::
1745:8
1732:6
1574:)
1554:.
1529:.
1475:.
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1266:.
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842:t
835:v
404:)
400:(
29:(
23:.
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