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414:. The Heroine's supernatural proficiency in song and dance gives occasion for the large number of musical and dance scenes, which are artfully balanced by vigorous political episodes. The theme of purgation is admirably treated as an essential part of the story's development, both in the purgation of the emperor's devotion to luxury and in the gradations by which Yang's ghost rises from its initial misery to celestial beatitude. Long as it is, the play moves smoothly and rapidly. It surprisingly combines frank political realism with metaphysics, Confucian ideals of state with Taoistic ideals of the soul, thus well-earning its place among the world's major dramas.
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that Lady Yang has sent for him and afterward commands the Taoist necromancer You Tong to seek out lady Yang's soul. Aided by the
Spinning Damsel, the Taoist reaches Penglai, where Lady Yang gives him half the gold hairpin and part of the casket to take to Xuanzong as tokens of renewed love. On the appointed date, You Tong sets up a fairy bridge to the Moon palace and sends Xuanzong alone on it to the moon. There the two lovers are blissfully reunited, match the halves of the hairpin and the casket, and thanks to the Spinning Damsel's efforts are commanded by the Jade Emperor to dwell forever as man and wife in paradise.
394:. On the way, at Mawei mail halt, his mutinous troops, blaming the Yangs for their plight, kill Yang Guozhong and demand Lady Yang's death. Helpless, Xuanzong allows her to hang herself, and she is provisionally buried there. An Lushan usurps the imperial throne, and takes over the capital. Xuanzong, grieving for Lady Yang, on reaching Sichuan places a portrait of her in a temple and worships and weeps before it. Meanwhile, moved by the plight of Lady Yang's forlorn soul, the Spinning Damsel persuades the Jade Emperor of Heaven to permit Lady Yang to become an immortal in the paradise of
331:. He belonged to the old established literary class. His wife was a musician and a woman of extensive literary education, and was the granddaughter of a prime minister under the Ming. His own attitude toward the conquerors was less than cordial. His chief play contains political overtones that were interpreted as disloyal to the Manchu regime, with the result that he was expelled from the Imperial Academy and a large number of his associates were dismissed from their government posts. he left the court in an impoverished condition, returning to his home in the south.
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Kunqu
Theater held two shows in Beijing's Chang'an Grand Theater, which was a joint production of Jiangsu Province Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre and many other units, and it also debut in Taipei in February 2004. In August 2004, the Shanghai Kun Opera Company debut an unplugged version at the Luting Concert Hall, and their new production of the play debut in the Shanghai Lyceum Theatre on May 29, 2007.
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372:, who has come to the capital to receive an appointment, witnesses from a wine house window the extravagant pomp and splendor enjoyed by the Yang family and An Lushan. A prophetic verse on the wine-house wall foretells doom. Guo is appointed a powerful military commissioner and resolves one day to repay his debt to the imperial court in deeds.
426:. Later on, the Ju He Theatre Troupe became renowned of their repertoire and they were highly successful. There were two major performances in 1704. Zhang Yunwing invited Hong Sheng to watch the performances of the play at his residence, as did Cao Yin, unfortunately, on his way home, Hong Sheng, who was drunk, fell into a river and drowned.
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In the
Republican era, the performances of the play were mainly done by professional troupes. In the early periods of the founding of the People's Republic, China, the performances of the play were based on behalf of the Zhejiang Kunqu Theatre Company and the Jiangsu Kunqu Opera Troupe. Sukun Troupe
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Imperial power is transferred to
Emperor Suzong, Xuanzong's son, who sends Guo Ziyi to quell the rebellion. Guo succeeds and the two Emperors head back to the capital. When he passes through Mawei, Xuanzong can find no trace of Lady Yang's body—only her perfume sachet. Back in the capital, he dreams
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In the 1980s, there were versions of the play made in the
Beijing Cultural Palace of Nationalities and by the Shanghai Kun Opera Company. On November 19 and 20, 2000, Shanghai Kunqu Company’s production of the play premiered in the Luwan District's Shanghai White Magnolia Theatre. In 2002, Northern
378:, the Moon Fairy, wishing to pass on the beautiful music of the Rainbow-skirt Feather-jacket Dance to mortals, summons Lady Yang's soul to her in a dream and teaches it to her. At her birthday banquet in the Palace of Eternal Life, Lady Yang later performs the beautiful dance for the emperor.
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After challenging the power of Yang
Guozhong, An Lushan is exiled from the capital by the Emperor. He stirs up a rebellion, and Guo Ziyi trains his troops to counter the imminent rising. Oblivious of this situation, Emperor Xuanzong and Lady Yang bathe together in a warm spring and on
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The ruling classes of Qing carried out policies in which evoked strong opposition to intellectuals. Hong Sheng was also highly disappointed with the imperial court. Despite the play's veiled references to the turbulent early Qing period, the Kangxi
Emperor highly praised
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play in fifty acts. The play recounts the love story of
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and his favorite consort, Yang Guifei. Though based on a large body of earlier literature and legend, it is unique in its overall form and lyric exposition.
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of
Jiangsu Province also had productions of the play in Suzhou in 1958. The Zhejiang Kunqu Opera Troupe re-finished the play in 1984 and premiered on October 2 in the Victory Theater in Hangzhou.
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The writing of the play has been praised in terms of both the sung and spoken passages. Much of the play's poetry is indebted to one of the most celebrated of
Chinese narrative poems, Bai Juyi's
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when it was performed in Beijing in 1689. However Hong was later imprisoned for attending a performance of it during a period of national mourning, but the play remained extremely popular.
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becomes Chancellor of the Right. Banished once for a fit of jealousy, she regains favor by sending the Emperor her shorn locks as a token of her love. A frontier general,
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After the finalization of the play, the Ju He Theatre Troupe of Beijing's performance of the work caused a sensation in the capital, and was even recommended by the
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When Lady Yang becomes the Emperor's favorite consort, he gives her as love tokens a gold hairpin and a casket adorned with gold-leaf flowers. Her older brother
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after being revised several times when he was 27, which became a masterpiece afterwards and was widely played. In the year of 1704, on his way back from
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as an influential Qing Dynasty playwright, Hong historicized a traditional love theme and examined how love and politics become entwined.
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in 1668 and then returned home the following year. At the age of 18, he began to write
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is acclaimed as one of China's "Four Great Classical Dramas", along with
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This story has been translated into English and published by the
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Oxford Encyclopedia of Theatre and Performance: Hong Sheng
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the Palace of Eternal Youth performances Brief History
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468:References
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573:"长生殿"
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275:沉香庭
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