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316 survivors was completed four days (100 hours) later. Because of Navy protocol regarding secret missions, the ship was not reported "overdue". Rescue came only after survivors were spotted by pilot
Lieutenant Wilber (Chuck) Gwinn and co-pilot Lieutenant Warren Colwell on a routine patrol flight. Of those who did abandon ship, most casualties were due to injuries sustained aboard the ship, dehydration, exhaustion, drinking salt water and shark attacks. The seas had been moderate, but visibility was not good.
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About 300 of the 1,196 men on board either died in the initial attack or were trapped belowdecks and drowned when compartments were sealed to prevent sinking. The remainder of the crew, about 900 men, abandoned ship. Some were left floating in the water, many without lifeboats, until the rescue of
688:
He was found on his back porch by his gardener. Though a note was not left, McVay was known by those close to him to have suffered from loneliness, particularly after losing his wife to cancer in 1961. McVay also struggled throughout his life from the impact of vitriolic letters and phone calls he
575:
later convened. McVay was charged with failing to zigzag and failure to order abandon ship in a timely manner. He was convicted on the former. Knowledge of
Japanese submarines in the area was withheld from the court and from McVay, prior to sailing. The court sentenced McVay to lose 100 numbers in
685:, which it was not. There is another myth, that he was holding in his hand a toy sailor he had received as a boy for a good luck charm. This is also untrue, as police reports obtained by the Legacy Organization do not mention this nor show any other objects in the pictures aside from his pistol.
540:
McVay was wounded but survived, and was among those rescued. He repeatedly asked the Navy why it took four days to rescue his men but never received an answer. The Navy long claimed that SOS messages were never received because the ship was operating under a policy of radio silence; declassified
591:
due to being in such a good position to do so. American submarine experts testified that "zigzagging" was a technique of negligible value in eluding enemy submarines. Hashimoto also testified to this effect. Despite that testimony, the court held McVay responsible for failing to zigzag.
620:
was attacked and sunk in the area by
Japanese submarines, yet McVay was never informed of this event, and several others, in part due to issues of classified intelligence. McVay was warned of the potential presence of Japanese subs, but not of the actual confirmed activity.
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636:
for the Navy. The conviction effectively ended McVay's career as he lost seniority, although the sentence was overturned by
Secretary James Forrestal owing to McVay's bravery prior to the sinking, and McVay was finally promoted to
541:
records show that three SOS messages were received separately. None were acted upon because one commander was drunk, another thought it was a
Japanese ruse, and the third had given orders not to be disturbed.
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under the command of McVay's father when King and other officers snuck some women aboard a ship. Admiral McVay had a letter of reprimand placed in King's record for that. "Now," he raged, "King's used to
1793:
England, Gordon R. (July 11, 2001), Memorandum for the Chief of Naval
Operations from the Secretary of the Navy. Subject: Addition to the Military Personnel Record of Rear Admiral Charles B. McVay, III,
727:
Survivors
Organization, said: "Captain McVay's court-martial was simply to divert attention from the terrible loss of life caused by procedural mistakes which never alerted anyone that we were missing."
1923:
1046:
was released. It is an in-depth film where the survivors tell the story of what happened and they speak about the aftermath of the tragic event. In 2019, PBS released a 90-minute documentary titled
677:. He used a Colt pistol, an Officer's Model Target 38 Special. It was manufactured in 1906 and was not issued to the US Navy despite what the name could lead some to believe, according to the
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Hashimoto, the
Japanese submarine commander, was on record as describing visibility at the time as fair, which is corroborated by the fact that he was able to target and sink
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immediately took a fifteen degree list, capsized and sank within 12 minutes. Of the crew of 1,195 men, 879 men died, becoming one of the greatest US Navy disasters ever.
1487:
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603:, but his request was denied because the priority for destroyers at the time was escorting transports to Okinawa and picking up aircrew downed in B-29 raids on Japan.
735:, Hunter Scott, was instrumental in raising awareness of the miscarriage of justice carried out at the captain's court-martial. As part of a school project for the
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on the 31st, as scheduled, no report was made that she was overdue. This omission was officially recorded later as "due to a misunderstanding of the
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survivors organized, and many spent years attempting to clear their skipper's name. Many people, from McVay's sons
Charles McVay IV (1925–2012) and
31:
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his temporary rank of
Captain and 100 numbers in his permanent rank of Commander. However, in 1946, at the behest of Admiral Nimitz who had become
1458:
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on March 31. The strike inflicted heavy casualties, including eight dead, and penetrated the ship's hull. McVay returned the ship safely to
1918:
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648:, author Richard F. Newcomb posits a motive for Admiral King's ordering McVay's court-martial. According to Captain McVay III's father,
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aged 70 years. Following years of efforts by some survivors and others to clear his name, McVay was posthumously exonerated by the
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for losing a ship sunk by an act of war, despite the fact that he was on a top secret mission maintaining radio silence.
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1840:, collection guide for an "artificially-created" collection of materials regarding the history of the heavy cruiser USS
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passed a Sense of Congress resolution that McVay's record should reflect that "he is exonerated for the loss of the USS
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sinking and reviewed 800 documents. His testimony before the U.S. Congress brought national attention to the situation.
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in the first place. He also testified that zigzagging would not have made a difference, as he would have still sunk
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which was lost in action in 1945, resulting in a significant loss of life. Of all captains in the history of the
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twice. The first removed over forty feet of her bow, the second hit the starboard side below the bridge.
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1279:""For the Good of the Navy" by Maier, Timothy W. – Insight on the News, Vol. 16, Issue 21, June 5, 2000"
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723:, to members of Congress, long believed McVay was unfairly convicted. Paul Murphy, president of the USS
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Although many ships, including most destroyers, were equipped with submarine detection equipment, the
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held some responsibility for placing the ship in harm's way. McVay requested a destroyer escort for
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1249:"'We knew the ship was doomed': USS Indianapolis survivor recalls four days in shark-filled sea"
1406:
Leadership Embodied: The Secrets To Success Of The Most Effective Navy And Marine Corps Leaders
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when he retired from the navy in 1949, although he apparently never got over his treatment.
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periodically received from grief-stricken relatives of dead crewmen who served aboard
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580:, Secretary of the Navy Forrestal remitted McVay's sentence and restored him to duty.
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McVay talks to war correspondents in Guam about the sinking of his ship in August 1945
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McVay's ship, but not McVay himself, is mentioned in the 1975 blockbuster movie
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anti-aircraft guns shot down seven enemy planes before the ship was struck by a
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in November 1944, McVay was chairman of the Joint Intelligence Committee of the
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On November 6, 1968, McVay died by suicide by shooting himself at his home in
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also seemed to exonerate McVay. After years of mental health problems, McVay
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In 1978, the events surrounding McVay's court-martial were dramatized in
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An additional point of controversy is evidence that the admirals in the
1780:
Stout, David (July 14, 2001) "Captain, Once a Scapegoat, Is Absolved."
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478:. After delivery, the ship was en route to report for further duty off
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overturned Nimitz's decision and recommended a court-martial, which
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by playwright John B. Ferzacca. The 1991 made-for-television movie
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Although about 380 ships of the U.S. Navy were lost in combat in
610:
was not. On July 24, 1945, just six days prior to the sinking of
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program, the young man interviewed nearly 150 survivors of the
632:
for the loss of his ship. It was speculated that he had been a
731:
Over fifty years after the incident, a 12-year-old student in
1220:"Researchers Announce Wreckage from USS Indianapolis Located"
1853:
Mission of the Shark: The Saga of the U.S.S. Indianapolis
1759:. USS Indianapolis Survivors Organization. Archived from
1623:. USS Indianapolis Survivors Organization. Archived from
1021:
Mission of the Shark: The Saga of the U.S.S. Indianapolis
1171:. Naval History and Heritage Command. October 11, 2016.
1671:
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died five days before the exoneration (on 25 October).
681:. Commonly this pistol has been referred to as McVay's
466:
received orders to carry parts and nuclear material to
1924:
United States Navy personnel who were court-martialed
1304:
Capt. William J. Toti, USN (Retired) (30 July 2014).
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306:officer and the commanding officer of the cruiser
1028:during her last voyage (with McVay portrayed by
1894:American military personnel who died by suicide
1678:"A duel for the glory of captain's exoneration"
1712:"Newspaper article". Detroit News. 1998-04-23.
932:European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
524:(29.1 km/h). When the ship did not reach
1643:
1641:
8:
1889:United States Navy personnel of World War II
1829:(CA 35), Heavy cruiser of the Portland class
1145:and the Extraordinary Story of Its Survivors
1011:is portrayed as a survivor of the incident.
302:(August 31, 1898 – November 6, 1968) was an
1112:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
560:disagreed and instead issued the captain a
499:. Hashimoto launched six torpedoes and hit
16:WWII United States Navy officer (1898–1968)
1861:
385:, and served as Commander-in-Chief of the
29:
18:
1360:sinking: 'You could see sharks circling'"
1757:"Seeking Justice: A Victory in Congress"
1723:Kakesako, Gregg K. (November 10, 1997).
1510:"Captain, Once a Scapegoat, Is Absolved"
1106:This article incorporates text from the
1083:List of U.S. Navy losses in World War II
416:' highest intelligence unit. Earlier in
1497:– via Google News Archive Search.
1124:
392:Charles III was a 1920 graduate of the
257: 1936; died 1961)
1333:. USS Indianapolis.org. Archived from
1198:(1st ed.). Simon & Schuster.
1141:In Harm's Way: The Sinking of the USS
1088:United States military veteran suicide
1565:
1563:
1024:depicts the ordeal of the men of the
351:Charles Butler McVay III was born in
7:
1929:Military personnel from Pennsylvania
1194:Vincent, Lynn; Vladic, Sara (2018).
679:USS Indianapolis Legacy Organization
435:in the spring of 1945, during which
326:Japanese commander who sank his ship
1445:LCdr. C. R. Woodward, USMC (1988).
1049:USS Indianapolis: The Final Chapter
765:In May 2001, Secretary of the Navy
628:, McVay was the only captain to be
424:for displaying courage under fire.
1914:United States Naval Academy alumni
1909:Suicides by firearm in Connecticut
1737:from the original on March 5, 2016
1725:"Navy 'scapegoat' may be absolved"
1694:from the original on March 4, 2016
1676:Frankston, Janet (June 20, 2006).
363:(1868–1949), commanded the tender
317:, he is the only one subjected to
14:
1899:People from Ephrata, Pennsylvania
1175:from the original on June 3, 2021
476:dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1306:"The Legacy of USS Indianapolis"
1099:
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1035:USS Indianapolis: Men of Courage
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1520:from the original on 2017-08-23
1490:from the original on 2020-02-27
1461:from the original on 2008-12-12
1427:from the original on 2014-07-03
1370:from the original on 2018-04-18
1312:from the original on 2015-11-28
1259:from the original on 2018-07-17
1230:from the original on 2018-08-20
773:, former commanding officer of
427:McVay led the ship through the
274:
254:
227:
973:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
893:American Defense Service Medal
1:
1904:Recipients of the Silver Star
1508:Stout, David (14 July 2001).
1115:. The entry can be found
1538:Newcomb, Richard F. (2001).
1044:USS Indianapolis: The Legacy
1007:, in which the character of
758:also signed the resolution.
650:Admiral Charles B. McVay Jr.
334:106th United States Congress
1919:United States Navy officers
1390:US Warships of World War II
400:. Before taking command of
394:United States Naval Academy
355:, on August 31, 1898, to a
1945:
1846:Indiana Historical Society
1403:Thomas, Joseph J. (2005).
1169:"Charles Butler McVay III"
989:World War II Victory Medal
548:recommended that McVay be
520:had been steaming at 15.7
1038:(with McVay portrayed by
1032:), as does the 2016 film
858:World War I Victory Medal
709:James “Kimo” Wilder McVay
578:Chief of Naval Operations
369:during the cruise of the
28:
1649:"USS Indianapolis CA-35"
846:Navy Expeditionary Medal
652:, "'King never forgot a
485:Early on July 30, 1945,
406:Combined Chiefs of Staff
361:Charles Butler McVay Jr.
300:Charles Butler McVay III
217:Elizabeth “Kinau” Wilder
104:United States of America
44:Charles Butler McVay III
1683:The Honolulu Advertiser
909:American Campaign Medal
675:Litchfield, Connecticut
293:Charles Butler McVay IV
79:Litchfield, Connecticut
1730:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
1451:—Tragedy Amid Triumph"
1139:Stanton, Doug (2003).
834:Navy Unit Commendation
785:Awards and decorations
748:United States Congress
711:(1927-2001) to author
530:Movement Report System
474:which were soon to be
433:bombardment of Okinawa
201:Navy Unit Commendation
1838:Collection, 1898–1991
1825:Allied Warships: USS
1411:Naval Institute Press
1388:Silverstone, Paul H.
1078:W. Graham Claytor Jr.
1016:The Failure to ZigZag
746:In October 2000, the
715:, who chronicled the
570:Secretary of the Navy
420:, he was awarded the
353:Ephrata, Pennsylvania
343:on October 30, 2000.
324:The testimony of the
122:Years of service
62:Ephrata, Pennsylvania
1627:on February 26, 2000
1285:on February 27, 2020
1224:www.history.navy.mil
737:National History Day
497:Mochitsura Hashimoto
489:was attacked by the
429:invasion of Iwo Jima
389:in the early 1930s.
373:(1907–1909), was an
359:family. His father,
347:Education and career
230: 1924;
23:Charles B. McVay III
1601:on February 4, 2009
1392:. pp. 394–408.
870:China Service Medal
760:Commander Hashimoto
656:". King had been a
562:letter of reprimand
398:Annapolis, Maryland
178:Sinking of the USS
1782:The New York Times
1514:The New York Times
1455:globalsecurity.org
1277:Maier, Timothy W.
997:In popular culture
975:with three bronze
733:Pensacola, Florida
597:United States Navy
470:to be used in the
379:United States Navy
315:United States Navy
168:Battle of Iwo Jima
116:United States Navy
1546:. HarperCollins.
1480:"The Argus-Press"
1042:). Also in 2016,
994:
993:
767:Gordon R. England
756:President Clinton
462:Later that year,
371:Great White Fleet
330:took his own life
297:
296:
290:Kimo Wilder McVay
173:Battle of Okinawa
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546:Court of Inquiry
495:under Commander
410:Washington, D.C.
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573:James Forrestal
550:court-martialed
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1827:Indianapolis
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1820:Indianapolis
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1809:Indianapolis
1808:
1789:
1781:
1776:
1765:. Retrieved
1761:the original
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1728:
1718:
1707:
1696:. Retrieved
1681:
1657:. Retrieved
1653:the original
1629:. Retrieved
1625:the original
1615:
1603:. Retrieved
1599:the original
1589:
1578:. Retrieved
1574:
1542:Abandon Ship
1541:
1533:
1522:. Retrieved
1513:
1503:
1492:. Retrieved
1483:
1474:
1463:. Retrieved
1454:
1449:Indianapolis
1448:
1447:"The U.S.S.
1440:
1429:. Retrieved
1405:
1398:
1389:
1383:
1372:. Retrieved
1363:
1358:Indianapolis
1357:
1350:
1339:. Retrieved
1335:the original
1325:
1314:. Retrieved
1299:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:the original
1272:
1261:. Retrieved
1252:
1243:
1232:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1196:Indianapolis
1195:
1189:
1177:. Retrieved
1163:
1144:
1143:Indianapolis
1140:
1114:
1105:
1047:
1043:
1040:Nicolas Cage
1033:
1026:Indianapolis
1025:
1019:
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1002:
1000:
936:service star
897:service star
822:Purple Heart
777:Indianapolis
776:
771:William Toti
764:
752:Indianapolis
751:
745:
741:Indianapolis
740:
730:
725:Indianapolis
724:
721:Fatal Voyage
720:
719:incident in
717:Indianapolis
716:
704:Indianapolis
703:
700:
691:Indianapolis
690:
687:
672:
646:Abandon Ship
645:
644:In his book
643:
639:rear admiral
626:World War II
623:
616:
612:Indianapolis
611:
608:Indianapolis
607:
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601:Indianapolis
600:
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589:Indianapolis
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585:Indianapolis
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554:Indianapolis
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543:
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518:Indianapolis
517:
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505:Indianapolis
504:
501:Indianapolis
500:
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487:Indianapolis
486:
484:
472:atomic bombs
464:Indianapolis
463:
461:
457:Indianapolis
456:
437:Indianapolis
436:
426:
418:World War II
402:Indianapolis
401:
391:
365:
350:
341:Bill Clinton
323:
310:Indianapolis
309:
299:
298:
267:Vivian Brown
197:Purple Heart
180:Indianapolis
179:
163:World War II
159:Battles/wars
151:Indianapolis
150:
139:Rear Admiral
74:(1968-11-06)
1884:1968 deaths
1879:1898 births
1816:Photographs
1621:"Main page"
1030:Stacy Keach
810:Bronze Star
798:Silver Star
713:Dan Kurzman
697:Exoneration
566:Ernest King
536:Controversy
455:Sinking of
445:Mare Island
431:, then the
422:Silver Star
383:World War I
193:Silver Star
1873:Categories
1767:2007-10-22
1698:2023-10-03
1659:2010-10-01
1631:2007-10-22
1580:2023-02-03
1571:"Research"
1524:2017-08-25
1494:2016-09-20
1465:2008-12-21
1431:2016-09-20
1374:2018-06-20
1341:2009-06-03
1316:2015-10-20
1289:August 20,
1263:2018-07-17
1234:2018-07-17
1154:0805073663
1094:References
564:. Admiral
556:, Admiral
449:California
100:Allegiance
55:1898-08-31
41:Birth name
775:USS
702:USS
617:Underhill
338:President
308:USS
207:Spouse(s)
149:USS
125:1920–1949
92:Louisiana
1735:Archived
1692:Archived
1518:Archived
1488:Archived
1459:Archived
1425:Archived
1368:Archived
1364:BBC News
1310:Archived
1257:Archived
1228:Archived
1179:June 29,
1173:Archived
1056:See also
665:at me."
663:get back
634:fall guy
441:kamikaze
286:Children
145:Commands
110:Service/
94:, U.S.A.
81:, U.S.A.
64:, U.S.A.
1741:May 31,
1605:June 3,
669:Suicide
480:Okinawa
381:during
377:in the
375:admiral
366:Yankton
279:
271:
259:
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654:grudge
468:Tinian
414:Allies
412:, the
189:Awards
112:branch
1356:"USS
1009:Quint
526:Leyte
522:knots
273:(
269:
253:(
249:
226:(
222:
1858:IMDb
1834:USS
1807:USS
1794:USN.
1743:2017
1607:2009
1575:indy
1548:ISBN
1415:ISBN
1291:2017
1200:ISBN
1181:2021
1149:ISBN
1117:here
1004:Jaws
492:I-58
357:Navy
336:and
232:div.
130:Rank
69:Died
49:Born
1856:at
1818:of
754:."
532:".
447:in
408:in
396:at
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1127:^
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53:(
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