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481:. Her song "We don't want to lose you, but we think you ought to go", encouraging young men to join the army, was a particular hit. The revue dispensed with spectacular décor and a huge cast in favour of a more intimate style with modest staging – one critic commented that Cochran had spared no economy in mounting the show. At the first night the revue was part of a triple bill, but the other two parts were soon dropped, and
428:, had his other papers extolling the play, and it became a success. The biographer Samuel Heppner writes that the piece then played to full houses, "turning away disappointed members of the public in their thousands". Ellis comments that subsequently "the eulogies Cochran received from the Northcliffe press were offset by his more critical reception by other popular newspapers".
255:, who thought he would never be a good actor (and told him so) but foresaw a managerial career for him, and appointed him as his private secretary at a salary ten dollars higher than he had enjoyed as an actor. After a disagreement with Mansfield, Cochran set up an acting school in New York in partnership with the actor E. J. Henley (brother of the poet
837:, which at the author's insistence played for a limited three-month season. It sold out within a week and was still playing to packed houses when it closed, despite, in Coward's words, "the gratifying knowledge that we could have run on for another six ". Coward and Cochran next collaborated with the spectacular family epic
354:– also failed and in 1903 he was declared bankrupt. Hackenschmidt came to his rescue, paying off his debts for him. In 1905 Cochran married Evelyn Alice Dade, the daughter of a captain in the merchant navy. The marriage was lifelong and devoted, despite occasional infidelities on Cochran's part; they had no children.
990:
for which he found very hot baths a relief. One day in
January 1951 he misjudged the temperature of the water and was badly scalded, dying in hospital a week later on 31 January. When the news of his death was announced, the BBC interrupted a broadcast to transmit a 25-minute tribute to him. He was
591:
Even now I meet people who find it hard to understand my reasons for entering upon boxing promotion at a time when I was so active with the theatre, but the explanation is a perfectly simple one. I am – and I pride myself on it – a showman, and it is part of a showman’s business to sense the public
596:
was the official home of the sport, but it was comparatively small, and it needed no particular foresight to see that, with its limitations of space, it would soon find it impossible to stage championship contests for the gigantic stakes which were beginning to be asked for by the boxers and their
397:
set in the Middle Ages, and that
Olympia should be converted to look like a cathedral for the purpose. Reinhardt gave him a letter of introduction to Vollmöller who prepared a scenario. Cochran accepted it and worked in close collaboration with Reinhardt, the designer
435:'s "Wonder Zoo and Big Circus" in 1913. A London newspaper reported in January 1914 that the show "has broken all records for Olympia. Gigantic as the place is, it is difficult to find room for all who wish to see what a first-class circus is really like".
98:
After beginning his career as an actor in the US in 1891, Cochran became a manager and press agent for theatrical and other entertainments. He returned to
England in 1899 managing entertainers and eventually was producing theatre, sporting events,
33:
287:
comments that this was one of the earliest instances of
Cochran's ability to star an actor in the right vehicle. He was reconciled with Mansfield and returned to the US as his manager, organising his nationwide tour of
2247:
464:
described as "something like a theatrical 'boom' as the prevailing mood, of troops and public alike, called for gaiety, lightness, and colour to offset the grim business in hand". Cochran turned to the genre of
95:(1947). He also promoted a range of other entertainments, including professional boxing, tennis, wrestling, circus and a zoo. He published four volumes of memoirs about his life and work.
232:. Cochran determined to pursue a stage career in New York. After briefly working as a clerk in Brighton, he absconded with some of his employer's money and sailed to the US in 1891.
683:. The later shows were lavishly and expensively mounted: expenditure outran receipts. Hoping to recoup his losses Cochran put on a season of American plays in 1923, including
2257:
469:, hitherto little seen in Britain, and had a conspicuous box-office success in October 1914 with what the biographer James Ross Moore calls a "bare-bones" production,
2262:
865:
724:(1925) at the London Pavilion (the first show to feature "Mr Cochran's Young Ladies"). The show, with sketches by Coward and musical numbers by Coward and
150:
Cochran was twice bankrupt – some of his productions were unsustainably lavish and expensive – but by the end of his career he had been honoured with a
859:
in 1934. After that, Coward ended the professional relationship, feeling that
Cochran benefited disproportionately from their collaboration, although
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in New York with Henley in the title role. Later in that year
Cochran returned to London, working as a journalist. Seeing a production of
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623:
In the first years of the next decade
Cochran presented a string of revues and a wide range of other theatrical productions, including
2237:
2122:
1999:
2148:
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908:. This was the last of his successes for several years: there followed what Ellis calls "the lean years". His London production of
741:, which ran for 316 performances in the West End and 157 performances on Broadway. Away from revue, Cochran produced Coward's 1929
1227:
751:
403:
247:, but was otherwise so unsuccessful that he was forced to take what work he could get, ranging from selling fountain-pens at the
248:
237:
175:, Sussex, the fourth of the nine children of James Elphinstone Cochran, a tea and cigar importer, and his wife, Matilda Arnold
995:
on 3 February. A bust of
Cochran was placed in the foyer of the Adelphi Theatre and a memorial panel to him was unveiled in
1784:
710:
Quickly discharged from bankruptcy, "penniless but ebullient" in Ellis's phrase, Cochran wrote his first book of memoirs,
376:
860:
855:
455:
1096:
Cochran later became disillusioned with the corruption of professional boxing and in 1927 he turned to tennis, signing
251:
to serving as assistant to the
Anglican chaplain at New York harbour. Eventually, he was employed by the actor-manager
2252:
786:
720:
328:
in 1904 against Ahmed
Madrali, the "Terrible Turk". His first theatrical venture in London production, a farce called
1057:
After returning to England he strove to make amends by sending his former employer first-night tickets for his shows.
996:
280:
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comments that Coward's subsequent musical shows "never prospered as had those which enjoyed Cochran's magic touch".
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489:. The revue appealed to the public and the show ran for more than 500 performances. Another musical comedy was
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Revues had long been popular in France, but despite efforts by nineteenth-century English writers such as
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in the title role, he was convinced that Mansfield should play the part in New York. Cochran's biographer
458:, one of the West End's smaller theatres, with a capacity of 490 seats. The outbreak of war brought what
2017:
2013:
2009:
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Cochran produced nothing notable, but in 1946 he successfully renewed his collaboration with Herbert in
406:. The play opened at Olympia on 23 December 1911. Initially, box-office takings were disappointing, but
179:
Walton, the daughter of a merchant navy officer. In December 1879, at the age of seven, the boy saw the
2078:
1509:; Mander and Mitchenson (1971), p. 3; and Kennedy, Joyce, Michael Kennedy, and Tim Rutherford-Johnson.
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265:
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they did not become popular with British audiences until the first quarter of the twentieth century.
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699:, which did not repeat in the West End the success they had enjoyed in the US, and a spectacular
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61:
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714:(1925). With the proceeds and financial backing from supporters, he began his association with
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failed to attract the crowds. In September 1924 Cochran was made bankrupt for the second time.
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59:, hitherto unfamiliar, in Britain. Apart from revue, his major theatrical successes included
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After several more revues and musical comedies, Cochran produced two sociological plays by
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975:(1947), which ran for 886 performances, the longest run of any of Cochran's shows. He was
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393:. The original idea came from Cochran, who suggested to Reinhardt that he should stage a
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728:, ran for 229 performances after which a revised version was presented. Cochran managed
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Ring up the Curtain – Being a Pageant of English Entertainment Covering Half a Century
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Cochran restored his finances with other ventures, from roller-skating to circuses at
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17:
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as a theatrical agent. Gradually he gained success in management, representing
43:(25 September 1872 – 31 January 1951), professionally known as
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1922:
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560:, and starring Delysia, which ran for a year. Cochran was now, according to
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1902:
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Spread a Little Happiness: The First Hundred Years of the British Musical
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32:
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for 405 performances from October 1931. Their last revue together was
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for 697 performances. In between the Coward shows Cochran presented a
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taste, and, if he can, to forestall its demands. ... At that time the
958:. Ellis writes that "a trip to America proved financially abortive".
564:"a power in the entertainment world". In 1919 he took control of the
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began in 1932 with the lavish production, directed by Reinhardt, of
807:
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356:
194:. This experience inspired a lifelong passion for the theatre. At
56:
31:
1801:, 8 February 1951, p. 13; and "Farewell to Sir Charles Cochran",
918:
in 1935 ran for 261 performances, while his Broadway transfer of
898:
in the title role. In the following year Cochran staged Porter's
336:
in 1902, was a failure. His second attempt, at the same theatre,
576:, where he promoted many high-profile boxing matches, including
1973:
The Architecture of Pleasure: British Amusement Parks 1900–1939
1915:
The Cochran Story: A Biography of Sir Charles Blake Cochran, Kt
1169:; Delysia and Coward (who was in Jamaica) sent floral tributes.
206:
in a play written by Beardsley. With Beardsley, Cochran saw a
2137:
The London Stage, 1910–1919: a calendar of plays and players
1120:
of the United Kingdom. It was not a great financial success.
643:
ballet company at the Pavilion (1921), and a 1923 season of
416:
wrote of his astonishment "that so wonderful a spectacle as
103:
and revues. As a theatrical producer he was responsible for
2248:
People educated at Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School
790:(1929) which also went to Broadway, and Rodgers and Hart's
202:; they shared an enthusiasm for acting and appeared at the
2115:
We'll Have Manhattan: The Early Work of Rodgers & Hart
1897:(fourteenth ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons.
300:
Cochran returned to London in 1899 and set up business in
235:
He secured engagements in small roles in adaptations of
853:
in 1932, and their final collaboration was on Coward's
477:
and music by Edward Jones, starred Cochran's discovery
2064:(fourth ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons.
127:
as well as a wide range of plays by writers including
431:
The next attraction Cochran presented at Olympia was
379:
and Olympia. His greatest success of those years was
2077:
Parker, John; Freda Gaye; Ian Herbert, eds. (1978).
2037:
Mander, Raymond; Joe Mitchenson (2000) . Barry Day;
735:
Cochran and Coward worked together again in 1928 on
1484:
485:was expanded to a full evening, with only a brief
259:) and began producing serious drama in 1897, with
499:, where he had signed a 21-year lease, starring
495:(1916), which Cochran produced at London's new
2096:Short, Ernest; Arthur Compton-Rickett (1938).
420:" was drawing so few people, after which the
198:between 1883 and 1888 he shared a study with
8:
1994:. London: The Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum.
1992:Suzanne Lenglen: Tennis Idol of the Twenties
525:
515:
65:in 1911, noted for its spectacular staging,
1531:Charlot, (Eugene) André Maurice (1882–1956)
1079:The piece was adapted from a French revue,
1015:C.B.C.'s Review of Revues and Other Matters
866:The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2197:
1396:The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News
872:Cochran's association and friendship with
2045:(second ed.). London: Oberon Books.
1129:Among the mourners at the cremation were
999:(known as "the actors' church") in 1953.
979:in 1948 and appointed a chevalier of the
544:, which ran for 817 performances. At the
171:Cochran was born on 25 September 1872 in
2258:English expatriates in the United States
1694:
1692:
1628:, vol. 33, no. 199, p. 48 (8 March 1918)
1357:
1355:
1353:
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1349:
1347:
1266:"Cochran, Sir Charles Blake (1872–1951)"
1223:"Cochran, Sir Charles Blake (1872–1951)"
454:In May 1914 Cochran took a lease of the
196:Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School
1535:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1270:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1182:
1050:
27:English theatrical producer (1872–1951)
2263:English theatre managers and producers
1821:The Complete Lyrics of P. G. Wodehouse
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986:In his later years Cochran had severe
936:, failed at the box-office as did the
679:(1923), featuring the American singer
55:, known for popularising the genre of
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1686:Mander and Mitchenson (2000), p. 171
1668:Mander and Mitchenson (2000), p. 139
1505:participating institution membership
1565:Mander and Mitchenson (1971), p. 29
969:, with music by Ellis, followed by
828:In 1930 Cochran produced Coward's
25:
1553:Short and Compton-Rickett, p. 256
1324:Graves, p. 14; and Heppner, p. 32
1272:, Oxford University Press, 2005.
1231:, Oxford University Press, 1971.
556:and Edouard Mathe, with words by
324:, the last of whom he matched at
1723:Coward, p. 312; and "Theatres",
1517:, Oxford University Press, 2013
1228:Dictionary of National Biography
522:The Three Daughters of M. Dupont
1646:Little, pp. 110–115 and 211–212
601:Bankruptcy, recovery and Coward
238:Around the World in Eighty Days
2206:How Wireless Helps the Theatre
2043:Theatrical Companion to Coward
1956:. London: Sinclair-Stevenson.
1515:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
1118:professional head-to-head tour
627:'s last London season, at the
548:in 1918 he produced the revue
1:
2268:Professional tennis promoters
2169:. London: Thames and Hudson.
1655:"Mr C. B. Cochran Bankrupt",
1040:Notes, references and sources
527:Les Trois Filles de M. Dupont
383:'s spectacular production of
1541:UK public library membership
1276:UK public library membership
1235:UK public library membership
639:at the Prince's (1921), the
348:of the former's articles in
2117:. Oxford University Press.
2100:. London: Herbert Jenkins.
1855:Cochran, Charles B (1945).
1842:Cochran, Charles B (1925).
1637:Cochran (1845), pp. 264–265
473:. This show, with words by
2284:
2195:Internet Broadway Database
2083:. Detroit: Gale Research.
2080:Who Was Who in the Theatre
2060:Parker, John, ed. (1922).
2019:Revue: A Story in Pictures
1782:"BBC cut in for Cochran",
1398:, 15 November 1902, p. 396
880:, Herbert's adaptation of
657:London, Paris and New York
609:"Dance Little Lady", from
2238:English male stage actors
2165:Morley, Sheridan (1987).
2113:Symonds, Dominic (2015).
1893:Gaye, Freda, ed. (1967).
1727:, 18 December 1930, p. 12
1659:, 12 September 1924, p. 5
1606:, 24 November 1916, p. 11
1492:Oxford English Dictionary
993:Golders Green Crematorium
41:Sir Charles Blake Cochran
2062:Who's Who in the Theatre
2022:. London: Peter Davies.
1971:Kane, Josephine (2016).
1954:Noël Coward, A Biography
1930:Heppner, Samuel (1969).
1895:Who's Who in the Theatre
1805:, 3 February 1951, p. 11
1580:, 27 December 1914, p. 4
1341:, 29 December 1897, p. 4
997:St Paul's, Covent Garden
924:(1935) managed only 96.
712:The Secrets of a Showman
619:menaced by masked chorus
296:First London productions
281:Benoît-Constant Coquelin
111:productions of shows by
1797:"Sir Charles Cochran",
1788:, 1 February 1951, p. 1
1519:(subscription required)
1497:Oxford University Press
1465:, 10 January 1914, p. 2
1367:, 1 February 1951, p. 8
1361:"Sir Charles Cochran",
932:'s last play, starring
651:in the evenings at the
588:. Cochran later wrote:
188:Theatre Royal, Brighton
1917:. London: W.H. Allen.
1848:Henry Holt and Company
1764:. Retrieved 8 May 2024
1657:London Daily Chronicle
1602:"A Cosy New Theatre",
1461:"The Olympia Circus",
1425:Cochran (1845), p. 288
1315:Heppner, pp. 26 and 30
1288:Cochran (1845), p. 164
1189:Cochran (1845), p. 128
1021:I Had Almost Forgotten
825:
673:Mayfair and Montmartre
659:(1920), with music by
655:. The revues included
620:
594:National Sporting Club
578:Bombardier Billy Wells
526:
516:
451:
368:
216:in July 1890 given by
37:
1990:Little, Alan (2007).
1975:. London: Routledge.
1874:Coward, Noël (1986).
1593:; and Wearing, p. 622
1574:"Dramatis Personae",
811:
677:Dover Street to Dixie
669:The League of Notions
608:
446:
404:Engelbert Humperdinck
371:Between 1903 and the
360:
35:
18:Charles Blake Cochran
2139:. Lanham, Maryland:
1844:Secrets of a Showman
1474:Parker, p. 1164–1165
1009:Secrets of a Showman
631:(1921), a season by
534:, London, he put on
322:George Hackenschmidt
266:John Gabriel Borkman
249:Chicago World's Fair
1878:. London: Methuen.
1827:: Scarecrow Press.
1819:Day, Barry (2004).
1529:Moore, James Ross.
1495:(Online ed.).
1463:Shoreditch Observer
1394:"Royalty Theatre",
732:from 1926 to 1938.
584:and Beckett versus
530:). In 1917, at the
497:St Martin's Theatre
340:– an adaptation by
154:in Britain and the
2253:People from Sussex
2214:, 30 November 1923
2208:", by Cochran, in
2191:Charles B. Cochran
1934:. London: Frewin.
1736:Hoare, pp. 253–254
1677:Symonds, Chapter 5
1626:The Play Pictorial
1297:Heppner, pp. 17–18
856:Conversation Piece
826:
738:This Year of Grace
621:
612:This Year of Grace
586:Georges Carpentier
536:Bruce Bairnsfather
452:
369:
290:Cyrano de Bergerac
276:Cyrano de Bergerac
74:This Year of Grace
49:Charles B. Cochran
38:
2176:978-0-500-01398-4
2052:978-1-84002-054-0
2029:978-0-43-209076-3
1982:978-1-13-826956-9
1963:978-1-4081-0675-4
1941:978-0-09-095410-0
1885:978-0-41-360660-0
1745:Barry, pp 407–414
1539:(subscription or
1503:(Subscription or
1452:Graves, pp. 44–46
1333:Fouquier, Henry.
1274:(subscription or
1233:(subscription or
1116:for a seven-stop
934:Elisabeth Bergner
906:Gertrude Lawrence
830:comedy of manners
823:Gertrude Lawrence
787:Wake up and Dream
765:The Silver Tassie
730:Royal Albert Hall
721:On With the Dance
572:theatres and the
532:Oxford Music Hall
402:and the composer
387:'s wordless play
320:and the wrestler
253:Richard Mansfield
204:Brighton Pavilion
184:Sinbad the Sailor
51:, was an English
16:(Redirected from
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2243:Knights Bachelor
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1861:. London: Dent.
1858:Showman Looks On
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1825:Lanham, Maryland
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1033:Showman Looks On
1027:Cock-a-Doodle-Do
981:Legion of Honour
963:Second World War
665:Fun of the Fayre
647:at matinées and
629:Prince's Theatre
529:
519:
426:Lord Northcliffe
330:Sporting Simpson
224:company, led by
200:Aubrey Beardsley
156:Legion of Honour
21:
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2159:Further reading
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2141:Scarecrow Press
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2039:Sheridan Morley
2036:
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2010:Mander, Raymond
2008:
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1911:Graves, Charles
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972:Bless the Bride
942:Home and Beauty
921:Escape Me Never
892:Adelphi Theatre
887:La belle Hélène
850:Words and Music
843:, which ran at
806:
798:Jessie Matthews
750:, which ran at
718:with the revue
661:Herman Darewski
625:Sarah Bernhardt
617:Jessie Matthews
603:
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574:Holborn Stadium
558:Arthur Wimperis
554:Herman Darewski
541:The Better 'Ole
441:
385:Karl Vollmöller
373:First World War
338:Lyre and Lancet
334:Royalty Theatre
298:
279:in Paris, with
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162:Life and career
125:Rogers and Hart
92:Bless the Bride
68:The Better 'Ole
36:Cochran in 1916
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685:Eugene O'Neill
681:Florence Mills
637:Ballets Russes
602:
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552:, composed by
487:curtain raiser
440:
437:
433:Carl Hagenbeck
413:The Daily Mail
297:
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271:Hoyt's Theatre
244:Rip Van Winkle
213:As You Like It
210:production of
192:Arthur Roberts
168:
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1143:Frank Lawton
1125:
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1008:
1003:Publications
991:cremated at
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925:
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760:Sean O'Casey
747:Bitter Sweet
745:
736:
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719:
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675:(1922); and
672:
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424:proprietor,
421:
417:
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395:mystery play
388:
377:Earl's Court
370:
362:
361:Setting for
349:
346:Kinsey Peile
337:
329:
318:Odette Dulac
299:
289:
285:Vivian Ellis
274:
264:
257:W. E. Henley
242:
236:
234:
220:'s visiting
211:
183:
176:
170:
158:in France.
149:
137:Sean O'Casey
133:James Barrie
129:Henrik Ibsen
121:Vivian Ellis
97:
90:
84:
80:Bitter Sweet
78:
72:
66:
60:
48:
44:
40:
39:
29:
2233:1951 deaths
2228:1872 births
1621:As You Were
1591:pp. 224–226
1376:Kane, p. 42
1139:Evelyn Laye
1131:Anna Neagle
1102:Dora Köring
1017:(ed., 1930)
961:During the
954:, starring
946:Franz Lehár
896:Evelyn Laye
894:, starring
819:Noël Coward
804:Later years
782:Cole Porter
716:Noël Coward
582:Joe Beckett
550:As You Were
517:Les Avariés
456:Ambassadors
418:The Miracle
400:Ernst Stern
390:The Miracle
364:The Miracle
310:Ethel Levey
306:Mistinguett
190:, starring
167:Early years
117:Cole Porter
113:Noël Coward
89:(1931) and
62:The Miracle
2222:Categories
1507:required.)
1177:References
1163:Wendy Toye
938:coronation
845:Drury Lane
793:Ever Green
774:Sil-Vara's
756:Pirandello
653:New Oxford
538:'s comedy
152:knighthood
53:impresario
2089:310466458
2070:473894893
1799:The Stage
1725:The Times
1604:The Times
1543:required)
1364:The Times
1339:Le Figaro
1278:required)
1237:required)
988:arthritis
983:in 1950.
904:starring
882:Offenbach
840:Cavalcade
784:'s revue
770:the Lunts
633:Diaghilev
597:managers.
562:The Times
461:The Times
342:F. Anstey
230:Ada Rehan
226:John Drew
181:pantomime
107:and some
86:Cavalcade
2135:(1982).
2041:(eds.).
2016:(1971).
1952:(1995).
1923:30180852
1913:(1951).
1762:Playbill
1714:. p. 476
1537:, 2011.
977:knighted
951:Paganini
928:(1936),
817:, 1930:
780:(1929),
768:(1929),
758:season,
743:operetta
671:(1921);
667:(1921);
615:(1928):
546:Pavilion
492:Houp La!
222:Broadway
208:West End
173:Brighton
109:Broadway
105:West End
83:(1929),
77:(1928),
71:(1917),
2193:at the
2106:1411533
1903:5997224
1867:2456326
1813:Sources
1710:Parker
1511:"revue"
1486:"revue"
967:Big Ben
940:revue,
914:at the
890:at the
778:Caprice
705:Wembley
580:versus
570:Aldwych
566:Garrick
450:in 1914
332:at the
326:Olympia
186:at the
2173:
2147:
2121:
2104:
2087:
2068:
2049:
2026:
1998:
1979:
1960:
1938:
1932:Cockie
1921:
1901:
1882:
1865:
1831:
1083:, by "
1035:(1945)
1029:(1941)
1023:(1932)
1011:(1925)
520:) and
422:Mail's
367:(1911)
1712:et al
1501:
1045:Notes
878:Helen
776:play
701:rodeo
467:revue
439:Revue
351:Punch
269:, at
261:Ibsen
57:revue
2171:ISBN
2145:ISBN
2119:ISBN
2102:OCLC
2085:OCLC
2066:OCLC
2047:ISBN
2024:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1977:ISBN
1958:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1919:OCLC
1899:OCLC
1880:ISBN
1863:OCLC
1829:ISBN
1165:and
1112:and
944:and
821:and
693:and
568:and
344:and
241:and
228:and
143:and
123:and
1624:",
1085:Rip
948:'s
884:'s
863:in
772:in
762:'s
703:at
687:'s
635:'s
410:of
263:'s
177:née
147:.
47:or
2224::
2143:.
2012:;
1823:.
1703:^
1691:^
1611:^
1558:^
1533:,
1513:,
1489:.
1346:^
1337:,
1268:,
1243:^
1225:,
1194:^
1161:,
1157:,
1153:,
1149:,
1145:,
1141:,
1137:,
1133:,
1108:,
1104:,
1100:,
800:.
663:;
510:–
503:.
316:,
312:,
308:,
292:.
139:,
135:,
131:,
119:,
115:,
2204:"
2179:.
2153:.
2127:.
2108:.
2091:.
2072:.
2055:.
2032:.
2004:.
1985:.
1966:.
1944:.
1925:.
1905:.
1888:.
1869:.
1850:.
1837:.
1759:"
1755:"
1618:"
1499:.
1087:"
524:(
514:(
20:)
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