Knowledge (XXG)

Charles Hutton

Source đź“ť

777: 643: 40: 215:
in 1770. At around this time he was employed by the mayor and corporation of Newcastle to make a survey of the town and its environs. He drew up a map for the corporation; a smaller one, of the town only, was engraved and published. In 1772 he brought out a tract on
192:. Following Ivison's promotion to a church living, Hutton took over the Jesmond school, which, in consequence of his increasing number of pupils, he relocated to nearby Stotes Hall, since demolished. While he taught during the day at Stotes Hall, which overlooked 1232: 1267: 1237: 843: 701: 333:(a poetical and mathematical almanac established in 1704), and became its editor in 1773–4, retaining the post until 1817. He had previously begun a small periodical called 352:
for some years after his retirement. The Board of Ordnance had granted him a pension of ÂŁ500 a year. During his last years, he worked on new editions of his earlier works.
319:, mostly translated from the French, in 1803. One of his most laborious works was the abridgment, in conjunction with G. Shaw and R. Pearson, of the Royal Society's 257: 196:, he studied mathematics in the evening at a school in Newcastle. In 1760 he married, and began teaching on a larger scale in Newcastle, where his pupils included 1242: 836: 391: 273:. He became the foreign secretary of the Royal Society in 1779. His resignation from the society in 1783 was brought about by tensions between its president Sir 1262: 1257: 1222: 663: 348:
Due to ill health, Hutton resigned his professorship in 1807, although he served as the principal examiner of the Royal Military Academy, and also to the
658: 374:, showing Hutton's head on one side and emblems representing his discoveries about the force of gunpowder, and the density of the earth on the other. 239:
in July, 1774 He was asked by the society to perform the calculations necessary to work out the mass and density of the earth from the results of the
829: 1277: 801: 366:
During the last year of his life a group of his friends set up a fund to pay to have a marble bust made of him. It was executed by the sculptor
1272: 278: 1252: 404: 173:
in the north of England, the son of a superintendent of mines, who died when he was still very young. He was educated at a school at
528: 228: 150: 120: 20: 591:
Niccolò Guicciardini, 'Hutton, Charles (1737–1823)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
184:. There is reason to believe, on the evidence of two pay-bills, that for a short time in 1755 and 1756 Hutton worked in the 1227: 873: 197: 1077: 349: 323:. This undertaking, the mathematical and scientific parts of which fell to Hutton, was completed in 1809, and filled 18 410: 1247: 985: 236: 1282: 929: 889: 1169: 1117: 977: 806: 501:
Johnson, W. (February 1989). "Charles Hutton, 1737–1823: The prototypical Woolwich professor of mathematics".
812: 442: 961: 270: 240: 158: 135: 1009: 905: 1189: 1101: 706: 633: 776: 705:
Vols. I and II London : Printed by J. Davis for J. Johnson and G. G. and J. Robinson 1795 at the
1217: 1212: 329: 1129: 792: 781: 221: 170: 53: 630:
Gunpowder & Geometry. The Life of Charles Hutton: Pit Boy, Mathematician and Scientific Rebel
315:, a valuable contribution to scientific biography, was published in 1795 and the four volumes of 303:
of 1785 (second edition 1794), Hutton issued, for the use of the Royal Military Academy, in 1787
796: 554: 1137: 945: 881: 400: 367: 288:
place-names on or near his measurement contour. Less than half are to be found on the modern
178: 370:. The subscription exceeded the amount necessary, and a medal was also produced, engraved by 1173: 1145: 1057: 1001: 717: 695: 684: 510: 356: 277:
and the mathematicians amongst its members. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the
248: 227:
Hutton left Newcastle in 1773, following his appointment as professor of mathematics at the
694:
Vol. II London : Printed by J. Davis for J. Johnson and G. G. and J. Robinson 1795 at
1109: 1017: 953: 683:
Vol. I London : Printed by J. Davis for J. Johnson and G. G. and J. Robinson 1795 at
289: 285: 252: 201: 154: 153:
from 1773 to 1807. He is remembered for his calculation of the density of the earth from
762: 1073: 1065: 949: 532: 266: 1206: 1161: 1153: 1125: 1085: 993: 712: 654: 649: 514: 371: 142: 1181: 1049: 969: 921: 913: 852: 728: 274: 193: 92: 755: 748: 741: 734: 723: 618: 1093: 937: 897: 865: 821: 393:
Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002
110: 592: 337:, of which only 13 numbers appeared; he subsequently published five volumes of 1033: 1025: 785: 244: 189: 690: 679: 220:, a subject suggested by the destruction of the sole Newcastle bridge by the 181: 39: 243:– a set of observations of the gravitational pull of a mountain in 232: 185: 146: 667:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 15. 174: 816: 324: 209:
The Schoolmasters Guide, or a Complete System of Practical Arithmetic
72: 261:
for 1778, and were later reprinted in the second volume of Hutton's
648:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
355:
He died on 27 January 1823, and was buried in the family vault at
284:
While working on the Schiehallion experiment, Hutton recorded 23
1233:
People educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle upon Tyne
360: 138: 825: 255:, in 1774–76. Hutton's results appeared in the society's 749:
A Course of Mathematics For the Use of Academies... (volume 2)
742:
A Course of Mathematics For the Use of Academies... (volume 1)
531:. University of Oxford Department of Physics. Archived from 265:. His work on the question procured for him the degree of 756:
A Treatise on Mensuration both in Theory and in practice
580:
Reading the Gaelic Landscape: Leughadh Aghaidh na Tire
475: 473: 471: 469: 467: 465: 463: 461: 459: 141:
LLD (14 August 1737 – 27 January 1823) was an English
1268:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
213:
Treatise on Mensuration both in Theory and Practice
116: 106: 88: 80: 61: 46: 30: 1238:Academics of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich 735:Tracts on Mathematical and Philosophical Subjects 317:Recreations in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy 263:Tracts on Mathematical and Philosophical Subjects 727:Vol. II London, Printed for the author 1815 at 716:Vol. I London, Printed for the author 1815 at 529:"Background to Boys' experiment to determine G" 341:which contained substantial extracts from the 16:British mathematician and surveyor (1737–1823) 837: 399:. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. 8: 297:Tables of the Products and Powers of Numbers 724:A mathematical and philosophical dictionary 713:A mathematical and philosophical dictionary 702:A mathematical and philosophical dictionary 691:A mathematical and philosophical dictionary 680:A mathematical and philosophical dictionary 19:For other people named Charles Hutton, see 844: 830: 822: 27: 313:Mathematical and Philosophical Dictionary 207:In 1764 Hutton published his first work, 149:. He was professor of mathematics at the 503:Journal of Mechanical Working Technology 479: 446:The European Magazine, and London Review 802:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive 582:, Whittles Publishing, pp. 23 & 24. 560:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences 555:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter H" 383: 437: 435: 433: 431: 1243:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh 765:(F. & C. Rivington, London, 1811) 744:(Campbell & sons, New York, 1825) 737:(F. & C. Rivington, London, 1812) 327:volumes. From 1764 he contributed to 279:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 202:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain 157:'s measurements collected during the 7: 813:The Correspondence of Charles Hutton 1263:19th-century English mathematicians 1258:18th-century English mathematicians 1223:Scientists from Newcastle upon Tyne 169:Hutton was born on Percy Street in 620:A Memoir of Charles Hutton LLD FRS 14: 775: 641: 151:Royal Military Academy, Woolwich 38: 200:, later Lord Eldon, who became 21:Charles Hutton (disambiguation) 1278:Recipients of the Copley Medal 443:"Charles Hutton, LL.D. F.R.S." 1: 1273:Fellows of the Royal Society 628:Wardhaugh, Benjamin (2019). 515:10.1016/0378-3804(89)90074-0 350:Addiscombe Military Seminary 211:, which was followed by his 1253:18th-century English people 758:(Newcastle upon Tyne, 1770) 237:Fellow of the Royal Society 1299: 321:Philosophical Transactions 305:Elements of Conic Sections 258:Philosophical Transactions 18: 860: 218:The Principles of Bridges 126: 99: 37: 1170:George Shuckburgh-Evelyn 807:University of St Andrews 177:, kept by Mr Ivison, an 664:Encyclopædia Britannica 271:University of Edinburgh 241:Schiehallion experiment 159:Schiehallion experiment 751:(Dean, New York, 1831) 339:The Diarian Miscellany 335:Miscellane Mathematica 229:Royal Military Academy 121:Royal Military Academy 1190:Edward Charles Howard 593:accessed 9 April 2015 578:Murray, John (2019), 309:Course of Mathematics 1228:People from Woolwich 793:Robertson, Edmund F. 617:Bruce, John (1823). 535:on 24 September 2015 791:O'Connor, John J.; 763:Mathematical tables 452:: 482–7. June 1823. 301:Mathematical Tables 235:. He was elected a 222:Great Flood of 1771 171:Newcastle upon Tyne 54:Newcastle upon Tyne 1248:English scientists 780:Works by or about 707:Archimedes Project 416:on 24 January 2013 307:, and in 1798 his 1283:English surveyors 1200: 1199: 1138:Benjamin Thompson 946:William Brownrigg 906:Charles Cavendish 882:Benjamin Franklin 853:Copley Medallists 368:Sebastian Gahagan 330:The Ladies' Diary 130: 129: 101:Scientific career 1290: 1193: 1185: 1177: 1174:Charles Hatchett 1165: 1157: 1149: 1146:Alessandro Volta 1141: 1133: 1130:Jean-AndrĂ© Deluc 1121: 1113: 1105: 1097: 1089: 1081: 1069: 1061: 1058:William Herschel 1053: 1045: 1037: 1029: 1021: 1013: 1005: 1002:Joseph Priestley 997: 989: 986:William Hamilton 981: 973: 965: 957: 941: 933: 925: 917: 909: 901: 893: 885: 877: 869: 846: 839: 832: 823: 809: 797:"Charles Hutton" 779: 718:Internet Archive 696:Internet Archive 685:Internet Archive 668: 647: 645: 644: 637: 624: 604: 603:Bruce 1823, p.27 601: 595: 589: 583: 576: 570: 569: 567: 565: 559: 551: 545: 544: 542: 540: 525: 519: 518: 498: 492: 491:Bruce 1823, p.13 489: 483: 477: 454: 453: 439: 426: 425: 423: 421: 415: 409:. Archived from 398: 388: 299:, 1781, and his 249:Astronomer Royal 68: 42: 28: 1298: 1297: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1289: 1288: 1287: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1188: 1180: 1168: 1160: 1152: 1144: 1136: 1124: 1116: 1110:Charles Blagden 1108: 1100: 1092: 1084: 1078:Thomas Hutchins 1072: 1064: 1056: 1048: 1040: 1032: 1024: 1018:Nevil Maskelyne 1016: 1008: 1000: 992: 984: 976: 968: 960: 954:Henry Cavendish 944: 936: 930:Benjamin Wilson 928: 920: 912: 904: 896: 888: 880: 872: 864: 856: 850: 790: 772: 761:Charles Hutton 754:Charles Hutton 747:Charles Hutton 740:Charles Hutton 733:Charles Hutton 675: 659:Hutton, Charles 657:, ed. (1911). " 653: 642: 640: 634:William Collins 627: 616: 613: 608: 607: 602: 598: 590: 586: 577: 573: 563: 561: 557: 553: 552: 548: 538: 536: 527: 526: 522: 500: 499: 495: 490: 486: 478: 457: 441: 440: 429: 419: 417: 413: 407: 396: 390: 389: 385: 380: 290:Ordnance Survey 253:Nevil Maskelyne 190:Old Long Benton 167: 155:Nevil Maskelyne 76: 70: 66: 65:27 January 1823 57: 51: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1296: 1294: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1186: 1178: 1166: 1158: 1150: 1142: 1134: 1122: 1118:William Morgan 1114: 1106: 1098: 1090: 1082: 1074:John Goodricke 1070: 1066:Richard Kirwan 1062: 1054: 1046: 1042:Charles Hutton 1038: 1030: 1022: 1014: 1006: 998: 990: 982: 978:William Hewson 974: 966: 958: 950:Edward Delaval 942: 934: 926: 918: 910: 902: 894: 886: 878: 870: 861: 858: 857: 851: 849: 848: 841: 834: 826: 820: 819: 810: 788: 782:Charles Hutton 771: 770:External links 768: 767: 766: 759: 752: 745: 738: 731: 720: 709: 698: 687: 674: 671: 670: 669: 655:Chisholm, Hugh 638: 625: 612: 609: 606: 605: 596: 584: 571: 546: 520: 509:(2): 195–230. 493: 484: 455: 427: 406:0-902-198-84-X 405: 382: 381: 379: 376: 166: 163: 133:Charles Hutton 128: 127: 124: 123: 118: 114: 113: 108: 104: 103: 97: 96: 90: 86: 85: 82: 78: 77: 71: 69:(aged 85) 63: 59: 58: 52: 50:14 August 1737 48: 44: 43: 35: 34: 32:Charles Hutton 31: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1295: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1162:George Atwood 1159: 1155: 1154:Jesse Ramsden 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126:James Rennell 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1086:Edward Waring 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 994:Matthew Raper 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 890:William Lewis 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 862: 859: 854: 847: 842: 840: 835: 833: 828: 827: 824: 818: 814: 811: 808: 804: 803: 798: 794: 789: 787: 783: 778: 774: 773: 769: 764: 760: 757: 753: 750: 746: 743: 739: 736: 732: 730: 726: 725: 721: 719: 715: 714: 710: 708: 704: 703: 699: 697: 693: 692: 688: 686: 682: 681: 677: 676: 672: 666: 665: 660: 656: 651: 650:public domain 639: 635: 631: 626: 622: 621: 615: 614: 610: 600: 597: 594: 588: 585: 581: 575: 572: 556: 550: 547: 534: 530: 524: 521: 516: 512: 508: 504: 497: 494: 488: 485: 481: 480:Chisholm 1911 476: 474: 472: 470: 468: 466: 464: 462: 460: 456: 451: 447: 444: 438: 436: 434: 432: 428: 412: 408: 402: 395: 394: 387: 384: 377: 375: 373: 372:Benjamin Wyon 369: 364: 362: 358: 353: 351: 346: 344: 340: 336: 332: 331: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 293: 291: 287: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 259: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 225: 223: 219: 214: 210: 205: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 180: 176: 172: 164: 162: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 143:mathematician 140: 137: 134: 125: 122: 119: 115: 112: 109: 105: 102: 98: 94: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75:, England, UK 74: 64: 60: 55: 49: 45: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 1182:John Hellins 1050:Samuel Vince 1041: 970:Peter Woulfe 922:John Smeaton 914:John Dollond 874:John Pringle 800: 729:Google Books 722: 711: 700: 689: 678: 662: 629: 623:. Newcastle. 619: 599: 587: 579: 574: 562:. Retrieved 549: 537:. Retrieved 533:the original 523: 506: 502: 496: 487: 449: 445: 418:. Retrieved 411:the original 392: 386: 365: 354: 347: 342: 338: 334: 328: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 294: 283: 275:Joseph Banks 262: 256: 247:made by the 226: 217: 212: 208: 206: 194:Jesmond Dene 168: 132: 131: 117:Institutions 100: 93:Copley Medal 67:(1823-01-27) 25: 1218:1823 deaths 1213:1737 births 1102:John Hunter 1094:William Roy 938:John Canton 898:John Huxham 866:John Canton 855:(1751–1800) 420:21 November 111:mathematics 81:Nationality 1207:Categories 1034:John Mudge 1026:James Cook 1010:John Walsh 962:John Ellis 786:Wikisource 632:. London: 378:References 295:After his 245:Perthshire 198:John Scott 281:in 1788. 269:from the 182:clergyman 56:, England 539:15 March 357:Charlton 233:Woolwich 186:colliery 179:Anglican 147:surveyor 652::  611:Sources 564:28 July 175:Jesmond 84:British 1192:(1800) 1184:(1799) 1176:(1798) 1164:(1796) 1156:(1795) 1148:(1794) 1140:(1792) 1132:(1791) 1120:(1789) 1112:(1788) 1104:(1787) 1096:(1785) 1088:(1784) 1080:(1783) 1068:(1782) 1060:(1781) 1052:(1780) 1044:(1778) 1036:(1777) 1028:(1776) 1020:(1775) 1012:(1773) 1004:(1772) 996:(1771) 988:(1770) 980:(1769) 972:(1768) 964:(1767) 956:(1766) 940:(1764) 932:(1760) 924:(1759) 916:(1758) 908:(1757) 900:(1755) 892:(1754) 884:(1753) 876:(1752) 868:(1751) 646:  403:  325:quarto 311:. His 286:Gaelic 107:Fields 89:Awards 73:London 673:Works 558:(PDF) 414:(PDF) 397:(PDF) 359:, in 343:Diary 292:map. 267:LL.D. 817:EMLO 566:2014 541:2013 422:2016 401:ISBN 361:Kent 165:Life 145:and 139:FRSE 95:1778 62:Died 47:Born 815:in 784:at 661:". 511:doi 188:at 136:FRS 1209:: 1172:/ 1128:/ 1076:/ 952:/ 948:/ 805:, 799:, 795:, 507:18 505:. 458:^ 450:83 448:. 430:^ 363:. 345:. 251:, 231:, 224:. 204:. 161:. 845:e 838:t 831:v 636:. 568:. 543:. 517:. 513:: 482:. 424:. 23:.

Index

Charles Hutton (disambiguation)

Newcastle upon Tyne
London
Copley Medal
mathematics
Royal Military Academy
FRS
FRSE
mathematician
surveyor
Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
Nevil Maskelyne
Schiehallion experiment
Newcastle upon Tyne
Jesmond
Anglican
clergyman
colliery
Old Long Benton
Jesmond Dene
John Scott
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
Great Flood of 1771
Royal Military Academy
Woolwich
Fellow of the Royal Society
Schiehallion experiment
Perthshire
Astronomer Royal

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑