269:. Is eminently distinguished as an original investigator in Physiology. His chief original papers deal with the Chemistry and Physiology Action of Snake Venom, and with the action and reaction of Toxins and Antitoxins. Author of: – 'The Chemistry of the Venom of the Australian Black Snake' (Proc Roy Soc, NSW, 1892); 'The Physiology Action of the Venom of the Australian Black Snake' (ibid, 1895); Curative Action of Calmette's Serum against Australian Snakes' (Internat Med Journ, 1897–1898, and Proc Roy Soc, 1898); 'Nature of the Antagonism between Toxins and Antitoxins' (ibid, 1898, joint Author); 'Separation of Colloids and Crystalloids by Filtration' (Journ of Physiology, 1896); 'Observations on the Anatomy of the Muzzel of 'Ornithorhynchus',' with Dr Wilson (Linn Soc, NSW, 1892); 'Observations on the Femoral Gland of 'Ornithorhynchus',' with Dr Tidswell (Linn Soc, NSW, 1894); 'An Investigation into the Effects of the Darling Pea, 'Swainsonia galegifolia' (Agricultural Department of NSW); 'Cerebral Localization in Platypus' (Journ of Physiol, 1899)'
285:, Egypt, and France as a pathologist with the rank of Lieutenant-colonel. He found some cases of enteric fever at Gallipoli were not typhoid, but paratyphoids A and B, and made a vaccine for all three. A memo to his colleagues on the different treatments for amoebic and bacillary dysentery was widely circulated by the army under Martin’s name. In France he organized the integration of decentralized pathology services into the A.A.M.C. After the war he returned to the Lister Institute until his retirement in 1930. He then spent a further two years in Australia as head of the animal nutrition division of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in Adelaide. On his return to the UK he went to live at Roebuck House in
235:
33:
293:, which he equipped as a laboratory. During WWII it was used to rehouse the experimental animals being used for medical studies by the staff of the Lister Institute. In 1934 he undertook an experimental study of the myxoma virus, at Cambridge and on a rabbit-infested island in Pembrokeshire, to show it was both safe and effective to control plagues of rabbits.
209:
At 15 he was employed as a junior clerk at the insurance firm where his father worked. He studied mathematics as a requirement for a future as actuary, but showed no special aptitude. Browsing through the numerous bookshops in the area, he came across a secondhand copy of
201:
he was the twelfth child of Josiah (an insurance company actuary) and
Elizabeth Mary Martin (née Lewis), Charles James was part of an extended family of children from his parents' previous marriages. Being a delicate child, he was sent off to a private boarding school in
310:
His contributions to the foundation of biological science in
Australia were commemorated by the National Health and Medical Research Council, which created the Sir Charles James Martin Overseas Biomedical Fellowships in 1951.
633:
483:
608:
319:
He died in 1955 at Old
Chesterton. He had married Edith Cross, born 24 February 1860, died 2 March 1954, daughter of Alfred Cross in 1891. They had one daughter. He is buried in the
628:
623:
352:
598:
137:
588:
214:
Carrying out these experiments, he was sufficiently inspired to entreat his father to allow him to pursue a career in science. He accordingly took evening classes at
578:
573:
568:
613:
320:
251:
178:
145:
113:
250:
as acting
Professor of Physiology. He remained in Australia for 12 years, after which he returned to the UK to become the first Director of the
593:
563:
149:(9 January 1866 – 15 February 1955) was a British scientist who did seminal work on a very wide range of topics including snake
32:
234:
278:
431:, rev. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2009, accessed 14 Jan 2013
618:
583:
548:
301:
258:
141:
77:
603:
215:
194:
266:
247:
219:
118:
286:
238:
Sister
Florence Elizabeth McMillan, Dr Anderson in the centre and Sir Charles James Martin on the right
558:
553:
369:
465:
404:
243:
455:
396:
361:
304:
154:
90:
347:
505:
The Martin Spirit: Charles Martin and the foundation of
Biological Science in Australia
387:
Copping, A. M. (1971). "Sir
Charles James Martin--A biographical sketch (1866-1955)".
542:
373:
533:
198:
297:
274:
223:
174:
166:
82:
529:
426:
290:
282:
158:
469:
365:
408:
516:"Charles Martin his life and letters", by Martin Gibbs, published in 2011
400:
203:
170:
460:
443:
190:
177:
as a means of controlling rabbit populations. He was a director of the
162:
233:
150:
444:"Charles James Martin, Kt, C.M.G., F.R.C.P., DSc., F.R.S"
222:
and spent some time in
Leipzig studying physiology under
507:, Patricia Morison, published by Halstead Press, 2019.
212:"A Hundred Experiments in Chemistry for One Shilling."
634:
Military personnel from the London
Borough of Hackney
353:
Biographical
Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
609:
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
106:
70:
58:
39:
23:
263:
8:
629:Royal Australian Army Medical Corps officers
624:Australian military personnel of World War I
350:(1956). "Charles James Martin. 1866-1955".
599:Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
242:In 1891 he accepted a post as lecturer at
31:
20:
459:
589:Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London
332:
252:Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
179:Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
114:Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
422:
420:
418:
261:in 1901. His candidacy citation read:
169:, nutrition and vitamin deficiencies,
486:. .royalsociety.org. 15 February 1955
342:
340:
338:
336:
321:Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground
7:
429:Sir Charles James Martin(1866–1955)
296:He was awarded the Royal Society's
579:Academics of King's College London
307:in 1930. He was knighted in 1927.
14:
614:People from Chesterton, Cambridge
574:Fellows of King's College London
569:Alumni of King's College London
265:Professor of Physiology in the
153:, control of body temperature,
218:. He then studied medicine at
1:
484:"DServe Archive Catalog Show"
323:in Cambridge, with his wife.
279:Australian Army Medical Corps
181:, serving from 1903 to 1930.
594:Fellows of the Royal Society
448:British Journal of Nutrition
564:People from Hackney Central
302:Royal College of Physicians
259:Fellow of the Royal Society
157:and the way it was spread,
78:Fellow of the Royal Society
650:
300:in 1923 and delivered the
127:
99:
30:
389:The Journal of Nutrition
134:Sir Charles James Martin
267:University of Melbourne
248:University of Melbourne
246:, before moving to the
119:University of Melbourne
442:Martin, C. J. (2007).
366:10.1098/rsbm.1956.0013
271:
239:
216:King's College, London
189:Born in Wilmot House,
237:
530:Charles James Martin
220:St Thomas's Hospital
44:Charles James Martin
619:People from Dalston
584:Royal Medal winners
461:10.1079/BJN19560003
277:he served with the
549:British scientists
401:10.1093/jn/101.1.1
240:
305:Croonian Lectures
257:He was elected a
244:Sydney University
131:
130:
101:Scientific career
16:British scientist
641:
604:Knights Bachelor
517:
514:
508:
502:
496:
495:
493:
491:
480:
474:
473:
463:
439:
433:
424:
413:
412:
384:
378:
377:
344:
148:
91:Croonian Lecture
87:
65:
62:15 February 1955
53:
51:
35:
21:
649:
648:
644:
643:
642:
640:
639:
638:
539:
538:
526:
521:
520:
515:
511:
503:
499:
489:
487:
482:
481:
477:
441:
440:
436:
425:
416:
386:
385:
381:
346:
345:
334:
329:
317:
232:
187:
136:
123:
95:
85:
63:
49:
47:
46:
45:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
647:
645:
637:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
541:
540:
537:
536:
525:
524:External links
522:
519:
518:
509:
497:
475:
434:
414:
379:
331:
330:
328:
325:
316:
313:
287:Old Chesterton
231:
228:
186:
183:
129:
128:
125:
124:
122:
121:
116:
110:
108:
104:
103:
97:
96:
94:
93:
88:
80:
74:
72:
68:
67:
66:(aged 89)
60:
56:
55:
54:9 January 1866
43:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
25:Charles Martin
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
646:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
546:
544:
535:
531:
528:
527:
523:
513:
510:
506:
501:
498:
485:
479:
476:
471:
467:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
438:
435:
432:
430:
423:
421:
419:
415:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
383:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
354:
349:
343:
341:
339:
337:
333:
326:
324:
322:
315:Personal life
314:
312:
308:
306:
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
270:
268:
262:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
236:
229:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
207:
205:
200:
196:
192:
184:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
143:
139:
135:
126:
120:
117:
115:
112:
111:
109:
105:
102:
98:
92:
89:
84:
81:
79:
76:
75:
73:
69:
61:
57:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
534:Find a Grave
512:
504:
500:
488:. Retrieved
478:
451:
447:
437:
428:
392:
388:
382:
357:
351:
348:Chick, D. H.
318:
309:
295:
272:
264:
256:
241:
211:
208:
199:North London
188:
133:
132:
107:Institutions
100:
64:(1955-02-15)
18:
559:1955 deaths
554:1866 births
360:: 172–208.
298:Royal Medal
275:World War I
224:Karl Ludwig
175:myxomatosis
167:paratyphoid
83:Royal Medal
543:Categories
454:(1): 1–7.
395:(1): 3–8.
327:References
185:Early life
50:1866-01-09
291:Cambridge
283:Gallipoli
159:dysentery
470:13315918
374:72172825
204:Hastings
171:proteins
490:20 June
427:Chick:
409:4924885
273:During
195:Hackney
191:Dalston
163:typhoid
468:
407:
372:
230:Career
173:, and
155:plague
151:toxins
86:(1923)
71:Awards
370:S2CID
144:
140:
492:2012
466:PMID
405:PMID
165:and
146:FRCS
59:Died
40:Born
532:at
456:doi
397:doi
393:101
362:doi
281:in
142:FRS
138:CMG
545::
464:.
452:10
450:.
446:.
417:^
403:.
391:.
368:.
356:.
335:^
289:,
254:.
226:.
206:.
197:,
193:,
161:,
494:.
472:.
458::
411:.
399::
376:.
364::
358:2
52:)
48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
