327:
442:
263:, who earned £1,600 – reflecting the comparatively minor responsibilities of the post. On his promotion, he was forbidden from engaging in business outside his work for the Ionian Bank, but the combined income of his consular post and position with the bank – which paid him around £600 per annum and additionally covered the rent, heating and lighting of his house – made him comfortably off in Athenian society. The consul's duties included commercial and bureaucratic responsibilities, as well as hearing complaints from and resolving disputes among British
438:, who had removed most of the other sculptures from the temple, in the early nineteenth century. By 1869, the moulds used by Elgin had become severely worn out through repeated use in making new copies, and likely disposed of by the museum. When Merlin's casts arrived in London in 1873, Newton found that they showed that the frieze's condition had deteriorated since Elgin's casts had been made, and had both sets of casts displayed side by side in a bid to demonstrate that the sculptures were safer kept in the British Museum than in Athens.
271:
126:
255:. In 1865, he became the manager of the Ionian Bank's branch in Athens, and in 1868 was promoted to be Britain's consul in Piraeus, having previously filled the role in an acting capacity during 1859 and 1864. This was his first diplomatic post which paid a salary; he was given £350 a year, plus £100 for expenses, of which £85 were spent on the wages of a clerk. By comparison with other British consuls in the Aegean, this was a relatively low salary – higher only than that paid to the consul at
33:
399:
partaking in their trade as a means of supplementing his income, as well as participating in an activity popular among
British high society and exercising what the archaeologist Louise Willocx terms his "patriotic duty". He sold other objects privately on the London art market. His sales included, in 1872, the first examples of Aegean seal-stones to enter the museum's collection, sourced from Rhousopoulos and his rival
318:, where he was employed as the Ionian Bank's general manager. He retired from this post in 1891, but accepted a position on the bank's Court of Directors which earned him £200 per annum in addition to his pension of £400. He died on 23 August 1896, leaving what Galanakis terms "a good but relatively modest estate" of £3,695 9s; the bank voted to continue paying his pension to his wife until the end of 1896.
530:
with a prominent role in archaeology and conservation, and donated a few objects to its museum. Galanakis estimates that Merlin earned around £160 per year from his sales to the
British Museum, which was broadly comparable with the amount he gained from selling antiquities privately, and that he was
398:
Between 1865 and 1892, Merlin supplied around 460 objects to the
British Museum, primarily Greek and Roman antiquities. He had earlier sent naturalistic specimens to the museum: in 1844, he presented it with twenty specimens of birds from Athens. He had little interest in antiquities, but saw
251:, a British overseas bank based in the Ionian islands which was largely responsible for funding, through loans, the islands' public finances throughout the 1840s and 1850s. He was a partner in the merchant house run by John Green, a relative of Merlin's father-in-law, in
235:
at Athens for diplomatic functions, making the role of the
Piraeus consulate, in Merlin's own words, "strictly a commercial one". Merlin spent most of his life in Athens: the historians Lucia Patrizio Gunning and Despina Vlami describe him as a
361:'s Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities in 1861. Newton made heavy use of British consuls as conduits for the acquisition of antiquities, drawing up in 1863 a list of instructions for those working in the Aegean which became part of the
306:
by a popular uprising in 1862, he gained widespread respect for his assistance of many Greeks caught in the ensuing chaos, as well as for procuring credit from the Ionian Bank for the Greek government and protecting the Bank of Greece.
1211:
368:
Merlin's relationship with Newton began in 1864, when Newton visited Athens and identified a number of antiquities, which Merlin agreed to purchase on his behalf. In 1865, he facilitated the sale of the
199:. The Merlin family moved to London at some point after the revolution; the archaeological historian Yannis Galanakis has suggested that the Merlin family may have emigrated to England following the
499:, Merlin wrote to Newton that "Schliemann's geese are all swans", referring to his tendency to exaggerate and romanticise his finds. He also conveyed the low opinion in which Schliemann was held by
515:
antiquity
Schliemann claims for them, I am not able to judge", and described Schliemann as "vulgar in his manners" and as "giv his opinions as if there is no-one who knows anything but himself".
365:'s official instructions to its consuls. Gunning and Vlami have credited Merlin's career to Newton's support. While in Athens, Merlin maintained a regular correspondence with Newton by letter.
483:
Troy. Merlin, himself a friend of
Schliemann's, wrote to Newton on 6 November 1872 expressing his doubts about Schliemann's claims, and describing Schliemann's obsession with Troy as "
395:, warned Merlin that knowledge of his connection to the sale might "give some annoyance"; thereafter, Merlin generally attempted to conceal his identity when selling antiquities.
353:
Merlin has been termed a significant figure in the identification and trafficking of antiquities between Athens and London. He maintained a close professional relationship with
137:(1821 – 23 August 1896) was a British banker, diplomat and antiquities trader. He is known for his role in procuring objects, particularly Graeco-Roman antiquities, for the
1627:
1293:
1223:
1578:
Willocx, Louise (2020). "Athenian
Commercial Weights: A History of Museum Collections and a General Overview of the Corpus". In Doyen, Charles; Willocx, Louise (eds.).
164:, the British Museum's Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities, who used Merlin as an intermediary to circumvent Greek laws against the export of ancient artefacts.
391:; he was expelled from the Archaeological Society of Athens, and fined in 1874 the 1,000 drachmas he had been paid for the vase. The British minister at Athens,
1617:
183:. He has been termed "among the most prolific, if not the most important, direct providers of antiquities" to the British Museum in the nineteenth century.
1189:
Galanakis, Yannis; Nowak-Kemp, Malgosia (2013). "Ancient Greek Skulls in the Oxford
University Museum, Part II: The Rhousopoulos–Rolleston Correspondence".
191:
Charles Louis
William Merlin was born in 1821 to French parents, François-Nicolas and Augusta Merlin. François-Nicolas was a relative of the aristocrat
1587:
1541:
1510:
1421:
1394:
1348:
1179:
1138:
1119:
589:
441:
940:
152:, the port of Athens, in 1836. He remained stationed in Greece for the next five decades, where he also worked for the British-owned
1327:
1284:
1245:
1157:
326:
247:
In 1846, he was appointed as
British Vice-Consul at the Piraeus, an unpaid position. In the same year, he became an agent for the
523:
227:
district of Athens. Galanakis has attributed Merlin's recruitment to his bilingualism in French and English, as well as his good
192:
1305:
1622:
435:
1433:"Continuity and Change in the British Diplomatic service in the Levant: The 'Levantine' Question and the Lure of Antiquities"
208:
200:
551:
and Augustus – survived to adulthood. Sidney became a botanist and competed for Great Britain in shooting events at the
388:
1553:"3D Imaging of the Parthenon Sculptures: An Assessment of the Archaeological Value of Nineteenth-Century Plaster Casts"
1336:
303:
1454:
Jenkins, Ian (1990). "Acquisition and Supply of Casts of the Parthenon Sculptures by the British Museum, 1835–1939".
522:, Newton's successor as Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities. Merlin was also a member from 1860 until 1880 of the
1254:
645:
his wife on the spot, in an ecstasy of antiquarian delight", when he discovered the alleged remains of Agamemnon.
544:
540:
531:"among the most prolific, if not the most important, direct providers of antiquities" from Greece to the museum.
1632:
383:
for purchase. The unauthorised export of antiquities was illegal in Greece, and Rhousopoulos was prosecuted by
519:
488:
384:
374:
291:
240:", a term which referred to British consuls felt to have taken on local culture through long service in the
710:
286:
From the 1850s, Merlin took a greater role in diplomatic work, participating in commissions concerning the
423:
1341:
Athyrmata: Critical Essays on the Archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean in Honour of E. Susan Sherratt
539:
Merlin was fluent in English, French and Greek. On 31 August 1847, he married Isabella Dorothea Green at
403:. Objects of this kind would later provide the first identified evidence of the writing systems known as
1278:
1255:"On Her Majesty's Service: C. L. W. Merlin and the Sourcing of Greek Antiquities for the British Museum"
632:
By way of comparison, Rhousopoulos earned 350 drachmas a month from his professorship at Athens in 1859.
610:
507:. Merlin was among the first visitors to Schliemann's exhibition of the finds from Mycenae, held at the
484:
468:
392:
354:
287:
241:
161:
1408:. Palgrave Studies in the Enlightenment, Romanticism and Cultures of Print. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
1612:
1607:
556:
552:
1148:
Burn, Lucilla (2005). "How Few Men Have the Right Head on Their Shoulders!". In Crummy, Nina (ed.).
476:
362:
232:
1335:
Galanakis, Yannis (2014). "Arthur Evans and the Quest for the 'Origins of Mycenaean Culture'". In
543:, in London. Green's father, Philip James Green, had been the British consul at Patras during the
400:
1479:
1471:
1301:
1219:
560:
446:
160:
in 1886. From the early 1860s until his return to Britain in 1887, he corresponded closely with
1524:
and Water Fraud in Late Antique Constantinople". In Shilling, Brooke; Stephenson, Paul (eds.).
223:
In 1839, Merlin took a job as a clerk and administrator for the British consulate based in the
1583:
1537:
1506:
1417:
1390:
1360:"The Crisis of the Long 1850s and Regime Change in the Ionian State and the Kingdom of Greece"
1344:
1321:
1239:
1175:
1153:
1134:
1115:
518:
After Newton retired from the British Museum in 1885, Merlin maintained a correspondence with
196:
1564:
1529:
1498:
1463:
1440:
1409:
1371:
1198:
777:
479:, the German businessman and amateur archaeologist who claimed to have found the remains of
415:
370:
270:
168:
145:
1150:
Image, Craft and the Classical World: Essays in Honour of Donald Bailey and Catherine Johns
746:
stated that his family had emigrated "during the turbulent times of the French Revolution".
944:
642:
527:
504:
264:
204:
125:
357:, himself a former British consul in the eastern Mediterranean, who was appointed as the
936:
508:
358:
299:
295:
279:
260:
157:
138:
93:
32:
1492:
1601:
1483:
1212:"Guns, Drugs, and the Trafficking of Antiquities: Archaeology in 19th-century Greece"
1167:
548:
500:
426:
for a cost of £33. The West Frieze was the only full section of the frieze remaining
172:
167:
Merlin's sales to the British Museum totalled around 460 objects. These included the
112:
171:, whose export in 1864 launched a minor scandal in Greece, and casts of some of the
144:
Born to a family of French aristocrats settled in London, Merlin joined the British
311:
212:
72:
567:
in the 1880s and was promoted to consul in 1917, serving in the role until 1920.
315:
256:
248:
153:
1467:
1413:
298:, and in those investigating the murders of British citizens in Greece. After
228:
1533:
758:, conjecturing "Dulwich" as a correction for "Dill" written in Merlin's 1887
495:
in 1876, which Schliemann claimed to be the burial-place of the Homeric king
1112:
Finding the Walls of Troy: Frank Calvert and Heinrich Schliemann at Hisarlik
615:
496:
471:", bought from Rhousopoulos and sold by Merlin to the British Museum in 1884
419:
333:
1582:. Vol. 1. Louvain: Presses Universitaires de Louvain. pp. 23–46.
1569:
1552:
1502:
1445:
1432:
1202:
926:. Erskine's quotation comes from a letter sent to Merlin on 23 June 1867.
408:
404:
310:
In 1887, Merlin retired from his consular duties and moved his family to
1494:
The Undeciphered Signs of Linear B: Interpretation and Scribal Practices
1475:
605:
Specifically, the 1856 killing of three members of the Leeves family in
511:
in 1877; he reported to Newton afterwards that "whether they are of the
231:
and willingness to advocate for British interest. Britain maintained an
1131:
Troy on Display: Scepticism and Wonder at Schliemann's First Exhibition
742:
492:
429:
224:
178:
149:
40:
620:
606:
449:
378:
331:
275:
252:
237:
1376:
1359:
1080:, pp. 36–37 (emphasis original: Merlin underlined these words.)
373:
to the museum, acting as intermediary between the Athens art dealer
294:, both of which concerned insurrections by Greeks living within the
564:
480:
451:
440:
325:
269:
1406:
British Romantic Literature and the Emerging Modern Greek Nation
66:
592:. For the bank's involvement with the Ionian government, see
259:, who earned £200 per annum, and far less than the consul at
992:, p. 1628. For the payment of £33 to Martinelli, see
641:
Merlin further reported to Newton that "the Greeks swear
1528:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 55–67.
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
792:
790:
788:
786:
871:
869:
278:, made around 100 BCE and sold by Merlin to the
719:. Vol. 2, no. 78. 15 March 1887. p. 4
563:. Augustus Merlin became the British vice-consul at
1152:. Dremil-Lafage: Editions Mergoil. pp. 17–22.
911:
899:
759:
740:. An 1887 profile of Merlin in the Greek newspaper
118:
107:
99:
88:
80:
62:
50:
23:
16:
British diplomat and antiquities trader (1821–1896)
547:. They had six children, of whom three – Charles,
414:In 1872, Merlin procured for Newton casts of the
1431:Gunning, Lucia Patrizio; Vlami, Despina (2023).
274:Terracotta statuette, reportedly from Myrina on
349:), sold by Merlin to the British Museum in 1876
1294:""University Professor – Antiquities Looter"?"
588:From 1815 until 1864, the Ionian Islands were
111:6, of whom 3 survived to adulthood, including
1339:; Wilkinson, Toby; Galanakis, Yannis (eds.).
1298:Center for Hellenic Studies Research Bulletin
1216:Center for Hellenic Studies Research Bulletin
8:
1114:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1089:
860:
808:
475:Merlin took a sceptical view of the work of
203:in 1814. Charles Merlin may have studied at
37:Portrait of Merlin from the Greek newspaper
820:
427:
176:
38:
1172:Heinrich Schliemann and the British Museum
1093:
923:
895:
891:
887:
832:
773:
755:
737:
697:
31:
20:
1628:People associated with the British Museum
1568:
1444:
1375:
1364:The Historical Review/La Revue Historique
965:
848:
776:, quoting a report made by Merlin to the
377:and Newton, who had earlier selected the
1526:Fountains and Water Culture in Byzantium
1389:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1343:. Oxford: Archaeopress. pp. 85–98.
503:, director of the German excavations at
1005:
993:
836:
796:
657:
581:
487:". Following Schliemann's discovery of
1456:Annual of the British School at Athens
1319:
1276:
1253:Galanakis, Yannis (30 November 2012).
1237:
977:
875:
1437:Journal of the History of Collections
1387:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism
1292:Galanakis, Yannis (31 October 2012).
1210:Galanakis, Yannis (17 October 2012).
1191:Journal of the History of Collections
1077:
1065:
1053:
1017:
989:
593:
7:
1041:
1029:
590:a protectorate of the United Kingdom
84:Diplomat, banker, antiquities trader
1618:19th-century British archaeologists
201:restoration of the Bourbon monarchy
92:Procurement of antiquities for the
14:
1092:, p. 10. For the dates, see
1265:(1). Centre for Hellenic Studies
1174:. London: British Museum Press.
524:Archaeological Society of Athens
467:), attributed to "a follower of
193:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
124:
1404:Grammatikos, Alexander (2018).
912:Galanakis & Nowak-Kemp 2013
900:Galanakis & Nowak-Kemp 2013
434:: casts of it had been made by
422:, made by the Italian sculptor
379:
195:, a prominent supporter of the
1580:Pondera antiqua et mediaevalia
1497:. Cambridge University Press.
623:during the revolt in Thessaly.
1:
1326:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1283:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1244:: CS1 maint: date and year (
457:
339:
450:
389:Greek Archaeological Service
332:
135:Charles Louis William Merlin
55:Charles Louis William Merlin
1110:Allen, Susan Heuck (1999).
760:
1649:
1520:de Kleijn, Gerda (2016). "
715:[Charles Merlin].
1468:10.1017/S0068245400015598
1414:10.1007/978-3-319-90440-5
545:Greek War of Independence
541:Christ Church, Marylebone
123:
30:
1534:10.1017/CBO9781316226742
1491:Judson, Anna P. (2020).
1090:Gunning & Vlami 2023
861:Gunning & Vlami 2023
809:Gunning & Vlami 2023
711:
609:, and the 1882 death of
156:and rose to the rank of
1551:Payne, Emma M. (2019).
1129:Baker, Abigail (2020).
520:Alexander Stuart Murray
509:National Bank of Athens
385:Panagiotis Efstratiadis
375:Athanasios Rhousopoulos
292:Thessaly Revolt of 1878
103:Isabella Dorothea Green
1623:English archaeologists
1133:. London: Bloomsbury.
613:, a correspondent for
472:
428:
350:
283:
267:and merchant sailors.
177:
39:
1570:10.15184/aqy.2019.179
1503:10.1017/9781108859745
1358:Gekas, Sakis (2013).
1259:CHS Research Bulletin
611:Charles Chaloner Ogle
444:
393:Edward Morris Erskine
329:
288:Epirus Revolt of 1854
273:
242:Eastern Mediterranean
1385:Gere, Cathy (2010).
571:Notes and references
424:Napoleone Martinelli
1446:10.1093/jhc/fhad029
485:a bee in his bonnet
477:Heinrich Schliemann
465: 470 BCE
347: 500 BCE
322:Antiquities trading
233:envoy extraordinary
1563:(372): 1625–1642.
1302:Harvard University
1220:Harvard University
1203:10.1093/jhc/fhq040
947:on 6 November 2020
561:1906 Olympic Games
473:
387:, the head of the
351:
284:
1589:978-2-39061-082-3
1543:978-1-107-10599-7
1512:978-1-108-85974-5
1423:978-3-319-90439-9
1396:978-0-226-28955-7
1350:978-1-78491-019-8
1181:978-0-86159-083-4
1168:Fitton, J. Lesley
1140:978-1-350-11429-6
1121:978-0-520-26136-5
811:, pp. 5, 10.
596:, pp. 64–65.
576:Explanatory notes
304:forced into exile
197:French Revolution
173:Parthenon marbles
132:
131:
1640:
1593:
1574:
1572:
1547:
1516:
1487:
1450:
1448:
1427:
1400:
1381:
1379:
1354:
1331:
1325:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1308:on 31 March 2023
1304:. Archived from
1288:
1282:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1249:
1243:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1226:on 31 March 2023
1222:. Archived from
1206:
1185:
1163:
1144:
1125:
1097:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
997:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
957:
956:
954:
952:
943:. Archived from
941:"Charles Merlin"
933:
927:
921:
915:
909:
903:
885:
879:
873:
864:
858:
852:
846:
840:
830:
824:
821:Grammatikos 2018
818:
812:
806:
800:
794:
781:
778:House of Commons
771:
765:
763:
753:
747:
735:
729:
728:
726:
724:
707:
701:
695:
646:
639:
633:
630:
624:
603:
597:
586:
466:
462:
459:
455:
433:
382:
381:
371:Aineta aryballos
348:
344:
341:
337:
182:
175:still remaining
169:Aineta aryballos
146:consular service
128:
68:
44:
35:
21:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1633:British consuls
1598:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1577:
1550:
1544:
1519:
1513:
1490:
1453:
1430:
1424:
1403:
1397:
1384:
1377:10.12681/hr.306
1357:
1351:
1334:
1318:
1311:
1309:
1291:
1275:
1268:
1266:
1252:
1236:
1229:
1227:
1209:
1188:
1182:
1166:
1160:
1147:
1141:
1128:
1122:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1094:Galanakis 2012b
1088:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1020:, p. 1628.
1016:
1012:
1004:
1000:
988:
984:
976:
972:
964:
960:
950:
948:
935:
934:
930:
924:Galanakis 2012b
922:
918:
914:, note 32.
910:
906:
896:Galanakis 2012c
892:Galanakis 2012b
888:Galanakis 2012a
886:
882:
874:
867:
859:
855:
847:
843:
833:Galanakis 2012b
831:
827:
819:
815:
807:
803:
795:
784:
774:Galanakis 2012b
772:
768:
756:Galanakis 2012b
754:
750:
738:Galanakis 2012b
736:
732:
722:
720:
713:
709:
708:
704:
698:Galanakis 2012b
696:
659:
655:
650:
649:
640:
636:
631:
627:
604:
600:
587:
583:
578:
573:
537:
528:learned society
464:
460:
346:
342:
324:
221:
205:Dulwich College
189:
76:
70:
57:
56:
46:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1646:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1575:
1548:
1542:
1517:
1511:
1488:
1451:
1428:
1422:
1401:
1395:
1382:
1355:
1349:
1332:
1289:
1250:
1207:
1186:
1180:
1164:
1158:
1145:
1139:
1126:
1120:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1082:
1070:
1058:
1056:, p. 180.
1046:
1034:
1022:
1010:
998:
982:
970:
966:Galanakis 2014
958:
937:British Museum
928:
916:
904:
880:
865:
853:
849:de Kleijn 2016
841:
825:
813:
801:
782:
766:
748:
730:
712:Κάρολος Μέρλεν
702:
656:
654:
651:
648:
647:
634:
625:
598:
580:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
536:
533:
514:
489:Grave Circle A
363:Foreign Office
359:British Museum
355:Charles Newton
323:
320:
296:Ottoman Empire
280:British Museum
261:Constantinople
220:
217:
188:
185:
162:Charles Newton
158:consul-general
139:British Museum
130:
129:
121:
120:
116:
115:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
94:British Museum
90:
89:Known for
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
71:
69:(aged 75)
67:23 August 1896
64:
60:
59:
54:
52:
48:
47:
36:
28:
27:
25:Charles Merlin
24:
15:
13:
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838:
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81:Occupation(s)
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1337:Bennet, John
1310:. Retrieved
1306:the original
1297:
1279:cite journal
1267:. Retrieved
1262:
1258:
1228:. Retrieved
1224:the original
1215:
1194:
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1171:
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1130:
1111:
1103:Bibliography
1085:
1073:
1061:
1049:
1037:
1025:
1013:
1006:Jenkins 1990
1001:
994:Jenkins 1990
985:
980:, p. 5.
973:
961:
949:. Retrieved
945:the original
931:
919:
907:
902:, p. 8.
883:
878:, p. 7.
856:
844:
837:Willocx 2020
828:
816:
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797:Willocx 2020
769:
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741:
733:
721:. Retrieved
716:
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614:
601:
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413:
401:Jean Lambros
397:
367:
352:
330:An Athenian
312:Campden Hill
309:
285:
246:
222:
213:South London
190:
166:
143:
134:
133:
73:Campden Hill
18:
1613:1896 deaths
1608:1821 births
1197:(1): 1–17.
1068:, note 147.
978:Judson 2020
876:Fitton 1991
416:West Frieze
316:West London
257:Missolonghi
249:Ionian Bank
154:Ionian Bank
1602:Categories
1462:: 89–114.
1078:Baker 2020
1066:Allen 1999
1054:Allen 1999
1018:Payne 2019
996:, note 67.
990:Payne 2019
653:References
594:Gekas 2013
526:, a Greek
513:very great
463: – c.
461: 500
447:red-figure
436:Lord Elgin
345: – c.
343: 520
229:penmanship
187:Early life
1557:Antiquity
1484:193237324
1370:: 57–84.
1042:Gere 2010
1030:Burn 2005
951:10 August
723:10 August
616:The Times
497:Agamemnon
420:Parthenon
380:aryballos
334:kantharos
300:King Otto
238:Levantine
119:Signature
1522:Fistulae
1476:30102843
1322:cite web
1269:9 August
1240:cite web
1230:30 March
1170:(1991).
780:in 1872.
764:profile.
409:Linear B
405:Linear A
290:and the
265:subjects
108:Children
75:, London
761:To Asty
743:To Asty
717:To Asty
643:rogered
505:Olympia
493:Mycenae
481:Homeric
430:in situ
418:of the
282:in 1884
225:Piraeus
179:in situ
150:Piraeus
41:To Asty
1586:
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621:Pelion
607:Euboea
549:Sidney
469:Douris
276:Lemnos
253:Patras
219:Career
113:Sidney
100:Spouse
45:, 1887
1480:S2CID
1472:JSTOR
1312:5 May
619:, at
565:Volos
452:pyxis
1584:ISBN
1538:ISBN
1507:ISBN
1418:ISBN
1391:ISBN
1345:ISBN
1328:link
1314:2023
1285:link
1271:2023
1246:link
1232:2023
1176:ISBN
1154:ISBN
1135:ISBN
1116:ISBN
953:2023
725:2023
559:and
557:1900
553:1896
407:and
302:was
207:, a
63:Died
58:1821
51:Born
1565:doi
1530:doi
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1464:doi
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1372:doi
1199:doi
491:at
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