73:
1179:
43:
98:
1547:
86:
487:
387:
461:(1895–1983) and her second husband, George Laird, one of the last Chemehuevi to have been raised in the traditional culture. Carobeth Laird, a linguist and ethnographer, wrote a comprehensive account of the culture and language as George Laird remembered it, and published their collaborative efforts in her 1976
472:
The
Chemehuevi character is made up of polarities which are complementary rather than contradictory. They are loquacious yet capable of silence; gregarious yet so close to the earth that single families or even men alone might live and travel for long periods away from other human beings; proud, yet
477:
The
Chemehuevi made intricately coiled baskets using a three-rod foundation of willow. Traditionally, the majority of weaving was completed with split willow, and darker patterns were made with devil's claw and yucca, among other materials. This traditional style of basketmaking is currently
473:
capable of a gentle self-ridicule. They are conservative to a degree, yet insatiably curious and ready to inquire into and even to adopt new ways: to visit all tribes, whether friends or enemies; to speak strange tongues, sing strange songs, and marry strange wives.
513:
as 1,500. The combined estimate in 1910 dropped to 500. An Indian agent reported the
Chemehuevi population in 1875 to be 350. Kroeber estimated U.S. census data put the Chemehuevi population in 1910 as 355. Population as of 2016 is in the thousands.
352:
in the early 20th century, it was studied in the 1970s by linguist
Margaret L. Press. whose field notes and extensive sound recordings remain available. The language is now near extinction; during the filming of
1167:
266:
418:. They were a nomadic people living in small groups given the sparse resources available in the desert environment. Carobeth Laird indicates their traditional territory spanned the
1535:
241:
1059:, edited by Warren L. d'Azevedo, pp. 525–557. Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, vol. 11. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
627:
1093:, edited by Warren L. d'Azevedo, pp. 608–619. Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, vol. 11. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
945:
1710:
1160:
647:
1796:
1145:
1791:
1528:
870:
1786:
1153:
1513:
717:
261:
843:
1757:
256:
1521:
1105:
701:
221:
468:
Describing the
Chemehuevi as she knew them, and presenting the texture of traditional life amongst the people, Carobeth Laird writes:
378:, was established to teach children the language. A Chemehuevi dictionary with 2,500 words was expected to become available in 2016.
622:
208:
273:
1183:
670:
498:
251:
246:
1781:
693:
1551:
333:
117:
1254:
236:
229:
946:"Learning the language: The tribe is working to have more children learn Chemehuevi as few adults speak it fluently"
812:
721:
403:
769:
654:
439:
419:
364:
1651:
1452:
375:
1801:
648:"2010 Census CPH-T-6. American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2010"
130:
725:
1673:
1126:
783:
443:
847:
390:
McKinley Fisher, a
Chemehuevi man employed by the Indian Service at Colorado Agency, Arizona in 1957.
341:
986:
1776:
1718:
1704:
447:
427:
551:
345:
457:
The most comprehensive collection of
Chemehuevi history, culture and mythology was gathered by
1101:
1069:
697:
531:
502:
431:
368:
289:
324:, meaning "Southern Men." Alternate spellings of Chemehuevi include Chemeguab and Chemegueb.
1728:
1234:
585:
491:
305:
170:
1619:
1604:
1368:
1130:
787:
605:
395:
354:
301:
285:
225:
154:
1055:
Clemmer, Richard O., and Omer C. Stewart. 1986. "Treaties, Reservations, and Claims". In
1738:
1683:
1447:
1414:
1239:
1079:
1007:
919:
609:
458:
423:
411:
349:
337:
465:, the first – and, to date, only – ethnography of the Chemehuevi traditional culture.
42:
1770:
1614:
1609:
1467:
1419:
1347:
399:
359:
78:
1663:
1341:
1218:
894:
435:
138:
687:
17:
1688:
1656:
1624:
1584:
1497:
1487:
1352:
1265:
1244:
1204:
598:, lived in the Providence Mountains, therefore called Providence Mountain Group)
575:
541:
142:
1668:
1646:
1574:
1372:
1320:
1315:
1199:
1178:
1141:
Chemehuevi
Language Archive, 1970s Fieldwork and Analysis by Margaret L. Press
923:
415:
309:
103:
739:
1639:
1589:
1482:
1386:
1336:
1299:
1214:
486:
134:
1249:
300:"Chemehuevi" has multiple interpretations. It is considered to either be a
1599:
1431:
1425:
1309:
1294:
1224:
1209:
1194:
820:
510:
506:
451:
1743:
1733:
1723:
1629:
1579:
1555:
1546:
1457:
1409:
1403:
1363:
1358:
1330:
1278:
1274:
1260:
386:
91:
1124:
Official
Chemehuevi Indian Tribe of the Chemehuevi Reservation website
1492:
1441:
1436:
1393:
1378:
407:
1140:
907:
906:
Mary Hanks Molino, Oral
History (in Chemehuevi), sound recording at
1678:
1502:
1477:
1472:
1462:
1325:
1289:
1284:
385:
987:"Bread for Baskets: The Ammann Collection of Chemehuevi Basketry"
1634:
1594:
1398:
1304:
1270:
1076:. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. Washington, D.C.
1517:
1149:
501:
of most native groups in California have varied substantially.
371:
interviewed and recorded one of the last 3 remaining speakers.
1098:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples
564:, lived on Cottonwood Island, called Cottonwood Island Group)
176:
1123:
780:
689:
A Chemehuevi Song: The Resilience of a Southern Paiute Tribe
446:
in the south. They are most closely identified as among the
41:
1118:
200:
194:
179:
505:
estimated the combined 1770 population of the Chemehuevi,
869:
Barnes, Thomas C.; Naylor, Thomas H.; Polzer, Charles W.
398:
group. Post-contact, they lived primarily in the eastern
228:. Today, Chemehuevi people are enrolled in the following
185:
394:
The Chemehuevi were originally a desert tribe among the
267:
Twenty-Nine Palms Band of Mission Indians of California
671:" Northern Paiute - Religion and Expressive Culture ".
1008:"Mary 'Weegie' Claw Chemehuevi and Kawaiisu basketry"
242:
Chemehuevi Indian Tribe of the Chemehuevi Reservation
209:
191:
173:
628:
Classification of indigenous peoples of the Americas
197:
1697:
1562:
742:. Southern California Tribal Chairmen's Association
188:
182:
148:
124:
110:
64:
54:
574:"the bald-headed", traveled to the area north of
304:term meaning "those who play with fish;" or a
1529:
1161:
1119:Official Colorado River Indian Tribes website
8:
35:
1064:Concise Encyclopedia of the American Indian
718:"California Indians and Their Reservations"
1536:
1522:
1514:
1168:
1154:
1146:
1086:. Malki Museum Press, Banning, California.
49:Chemehuevi lands in California and Arizona
34:
1100:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
374:In 2015, the Siwavaats Junior College in
1012:Alliance for California Traditional Arts
485:
450:. Among others they are cousins of the
696:(published June 2015). pp. 17–18.
639:
478:practiced by a small group of weavers.
262:Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians
1758:List of Indian reservations in Arizona
1563:Contemporary peoples native to Arizona
897:, University of California Press, 1979
686:Trafzer, Clifford E. (1 August 2015).
588:, the second one in Chemehuevi Valley)
257:Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
224:. They are the southernmost branch of
1074:Handbook of the Indians of California
798:
796:
308:word meaning "nose-in-the-air-like-a-
272:Some Chemehuevi are also part of the
7:
1257:(Lassik, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Wailaki)
1135:in San Bernardino County, California
1089:Leland, Joy. 1986. "Population". In
872:Northern New Spain: A Research Guide
410:and the Chemehuevi Valley along the
222:indigenous people of the Great Basin
65:Regions with significant populations
60:2010: 1,201 alone and in combination
27:Indigenous people of the Great Basin
1797:History of the Mojave Desert region
312:." The Chemehuevi call themselves
25:
1792:Native American tribes in Arizona
908:http://www.chemehuevilanguage.org
895:Chemehuevi: A Grammar and Lexicon
844:"An Online Chemehuevi Dictionary"
623:Chemehuevi traditional narratives
554:, called Kingston Mountain Group)
357:' 2008 American documentary film
332:Their language, Chemehuevi, is a
1787:Indigenous peoples of California
1545:
1184:Indigenous peoples of California
1177:
1066:. 3rd ed. Wings Books, New York.
534:, called Ivanpah Mountain Group)
169:
96:
84:
71:
1698:Prehistoric cultures in Arizona
382:History and traditional culture
252:Cabazon Band of Mission Indians
247:Morongo Band of Mission Indians
137:, traditional tribal religion,
1355:(Monache, Owens Valley Paiute)
1033:Clemmer and Stewart (1986:539)
985:Kania, John J. (Winter 2007).
694:University of Washington Press
612:, called Amargosa River Group)
344:family. First transcribed by
274:Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians
1:
944:Baird, Kevin (27 July 2015).
674:Countries and Their Cultures.
334:Colorado River Numic language
584:(one group of them lived at
237:Colorado River Indian Tribes
544:, called Ash Meadows Group)
276:, whose members are mostly
230:federally recognized tribes
1818:
722:San Diego State University
676:Retrieved 8 December 2009.
1752:
1190:
790:. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
740:"Chemehuevi Indian Tribe"
430:on the west and from the
153:
129:
115:
69:
59:
40:
316:("The People", singular
1453:Plains and Sierra Miwok
1312:(Diegueño, Ipai, Tipai)
1129:22 January 2017 at the
875:. University of Arizona
817:Chemehuevi Indian Tribe
786:22 January 2017 at the
781:Chemehuevi Indian Tribe
692:. Seattle, Washington:
499:pre-contact populations
376:Havasu Lake, California
540:(lived in the area of
494:
475:
391:
131:Native American Church
46:
1782:Colorado River tribes
1422:(Konomihu, Okwanuchu)
1255:Eel River Athapaskans
920:"Ute-Southern Paiute"
770:Planetpalmsprings.com
489:
470:
444:San Gabriel Mountains
389:
149:Related ethnic groups
45:
1062:Grant, Bruce. 2000.
948:. Havasu News-Herald
823:on 11 September 2007
438:on the north to the
342:Uto-Aztecan language
118:Colorado River Numic
1096:Pritzker, Barry M.
893:Margaret L. Press,
728:on 5 February 2009.
660:on 9 December 2014.
448:Great Basin Indians
428:Tehachapi Mountains
426:on the east to the
37:
1552:Indigenous peoples
1024:Kroeber (1925:883)
850:on 5 December 2007
596:Timpashauwagotsits
552:Kingston Mountains
497:Estimates for the
495:
490:Chemehuevi boy by
392:
346:John P. Harrington
47:
1764:
1763:
1511:
1510:
1106:978-0-19-513877-1
1042:Leland (1986:612)
703:978-0-295-80582-5
532:Ivanpah Mountains
503:Alfred L. Kroeber
404:Cottonwood Island
369:K. David Harrison
161:
160:
18:Chemehuevi people
16:(Redirected from
1809:
1713:
1705:Ancestral Pueblo
1550:
1549:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1515:
1182:
1181:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1147:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1004:
998:
997:
991:
982:
976:
973:
967:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
941:
935:
934:
932:
930:
916:
910:
904:
898:
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
866:
860:
859:
857:
855:
846:. Archived from
839:
833:
832:
830:
828:
819:. Archived from
809:
803:
800:
791:
778:
772:
767:
761:
758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
736:
730:
729:
724:. Archived from
714:
708:
707:
683:
677:
668:
662:
661:
659:
653:. Archived from
652:
644:
592:Tümplsagavatsits
586:Twentynine Palms
573:
492:Edward S. Curtis
216:
212:
207:
206:
203:
202:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
120:(ISO 639-3, ute)
102:
100:
99:
90:
88:
87:
77:
75:
74:
55:Total population
38:
21:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1748:
1709:
1693:
1620:Southern Paiute
1558:
1544:
1542:
1512:
1507:
1369:Northern Paiute
1186:
1176:
1174:
1131:Wayback Machine
1115:
1084:The Chemehuevis
1080:Laird, Carobeth
1052:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1006:
1005:
1001:
989:
984:
983:
979:
974:
970:
965:
961:
951:
949:
943:
942:
938:
928:
926:
918:
917:
913:
905:
901:
892:
888:
878:
876:
868:
867:
863:
853:
851:
842:Elzinga, Dirk.
841:
840:
836:
826:
824:
811:
810:
806:
801:
794:
788:Wayback Machine
779:
775:
768:
764:
759:
755:
745:
743:
738:
737:
733:
716:
715:
711:
704:
685:
684:
680:
669:
665:
657:
650:
646:
645:
641:
636:
619:
606:Amargosa Valley
571:
530:, lived in the
520:
484:
463:The Chemehuevis
396:Southern Paiute
384:
355:Ironbound Films
330:
298:
226:Southern Paiute
214:
210:
172:
168:
155:Southern Paiute
97:
95:
85:
83:
81:
72:
70:
50:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1815:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1674:Western Apache
1671:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1657:Akimel O'odham
1654:
1652:Tohono Oʼodham
1644:
1643:
1642:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1376:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1175:
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1158:
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1143:
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610:Amargosa River
608:and along the
604:(lived in the
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550:(lived in the
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483:
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459:Carobeth Laird
440:San Bernardino
424:Colorado River
412:Colorado River
383:
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350:Carobeth Laird
340:branch of the
338:Numic language
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290:Luiseño people
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365:Greg Anderson
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360:The Linguists
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30:
19:
1754:
1669:Southern Ute
1664:Tonto Apache
1569:
1444:(Gabrieliño)
1428:(Fernandeño)
1333:(Bear River)
1229:
1134:
1097:
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950:. Retrieved
939:
927:. Retrieved
914:
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877:. Retrieved
871:
864:
852:. Retrieved
848:the original
837:
825:. Retrieved
821:the original
816:
807:
776:
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744:. Retrieved
734:
726:the original
712:
688:
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673:
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655:the original
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572:(in Spanish)
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436:Death Valley
393:
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363:, linguists
358:
331:
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281:
277:
271:
164:
162:
139:Christianity
32:Ethnic group
29:
1719:Basketmaker
1585:Halchidhoma
1448:Tübatulabal
1266:Halchidhoma
1245:Coast Miwok
1205:Ahwahnechee
1091:Great Basin
1057:Great Basin
994:SCV History
975:Laird, p. 4
802:Pritzker 23
760:Pritzker 24
576:Los Angeles
542:Ash Meadows
538:Kauyaichits
420:High Desert
284:members of
282:Soboba band
143:Ghost Dance
1777:Chemehuevi
1771:Categories
1575:Chiricahua
1570:Chemehuevi
1373:Kucadikadi
1316:Lake Miwok
1230:Chemehuevi
1200:Acjachemen
1050:References
966:Laird 1976
924:Ethnologue
482:Population
416:California
402:and later
310:roadrunner
165:Chemehuevi
104:California
36:Chemehuevi
1755:See also:
1711:dwellings
1640:Hopi-Tewa
1590:Havasupai
1483:Wukchumni
1387:Ramaytush
1383:Costanoan
1344:(Klamath)
1337:Mechoopda
1300:Kitanemuk
1235:Chimariko
1215:Bay Miwok
952:3 October
813:"History"
582:Shivawach
434:area and
432:Las Vegas
422:from the
336:, in the
322:Tantáwats
278:Sovovatum
220:) are an
135:Sun Dance
116:English,
111:Languages
1729:Mogollon
1605:Maricopa
1600:Hualapai
1432:Timbisha
1426:Tataviam
1310:Kumeyaay
1295:Kawaiisu
1225:Cahuilla
1210:Atsugewi
1195:Achomawi
1127:Archived
1082:. 1976.
929:29 March
854:29 March
827:29 March
784:Archived
617:See also
568:Palonies
562:Movweats
528:Hokwaits
511:Kawaiisu
452:Kawaiisu
328:Language
286:Cahuilla
125:Religion
1744:Sinagua
1734:Patayan
1724:Hohokam
1684:Yavapai
1647:Oʼodham
1630:Quechan
1580:Cocopah
1556:Arizona
1458:Vanyume
1415:Serrano
1410:Salinan
1404:Quechan
1364:Nomlaki
1359:Nisenan
1331:Mattole
1321:Luiseño
1279:Whilkut
1275:Chilula
1261:Esselen
1240:Chumash
1014:. 2020.
558:Moviats
548:Mokwats
524:Howaits
306:Quechan
157:people
92:Arizona
1739:Salado
1615:Navajo
1610:Mohave
1493:Yokuts
1468:Washoe
1442:Tongva
1437:Tolowa
1420:Shasta
1406:(Yuma)
1394:Patwin
1379:Ohlone
1348:Mohave
1250:Cupeño
1219:Saklan
1104:
1072:1925.
879:10 May
700:
602:Yagats
509:, and
408:Nevada
314:Nüwüvi
302:Mojave
101:
89:
76:
1679:Yaqui
1503:Yurok
1478:Wiyot
1473:Wintu
1463:Wappo
1342:Modoc
1326:Maidu
1290:Cahto
1285:Karuk
990:(PDF)
746:4 May
658:(PDF)
651:(PDF)
634:Notes
518:Bands
320:) or
213:-mih-
1689:Zuni
1635:Tewa
1625:Pima
1595:Hopi
1498:Yuki
1488:Yana
1399:Pomo
1353:Mono
1305:Kizh
1271:Hupa
1102:ISBN
954:2015
931:2007
881:2024
856:2007
829:2007
748:2023
698:ISBN
507:Koso
442:and
367:and
348:and
318:Nüwü
296:Name
288:and
217:-vee
211:CHEH
163:The
1554:of
414:in
406:in
280:or
215:WAY
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1133:–
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192:w
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183:m
180:ɛ
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