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employs continuous adsorption and desorption on a packed bed of a solid to purify multiple components of a single feed stream. In a laboratory setting, mixture of dissolved materials are typically fed using a solvent into a column packed with an appropriate adsorbent, and due to different affinities
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is the process of changing of any substance (usually on heating) from a solid to a gas (or from gas to a solid) without passing through liquid phase. In terms of purification - material is heated, often under vacuum, and the vapors of the material are then condensed back to a solid on a cooler
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for solvent (moving phase) versus adsorbent (stationary phase) the components in the original mixture pass through the column in the moving phase at different rates, which thus allows to selectively collect desired materials out of the initial mixture.
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surface. The process thus in its essence is similar to distillation, however the material which is condensed on the cooler surface then has to be removed mechanically, thus requiring different laboratory equipment.
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refers to a purification strategy in which some relatively inefficient purification method is repeatedly applied to isolate the desired substance in progressively greater purity.
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separates volatile liquids on the basis of their relative volatilities. There are several type of distillation: simple distillation, steam distillation etc.
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Mochalov, Leonid; Logunov, Alexander; Kitnis, Anna; Prokhorov, Igor; Kovalev, Alexander; Yunin, Pavel; Gogova, Daniela; Vorotyntsev, Vladimir (2020-05-01).
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refers to the breakdown of substances using an electric current. This removes impurities in a substance that an electric current is run through
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is a process that uses an electric motor to spin a vessel of fluid at high speed to make heavier components settle to the bottom of the vessel.
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separates a product from a liquid feed stream, often in extremely pure form, by cooling the feed stream or adding precipitants that lower the
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by passing the feed stream through a porous sheet such as a cloth or membrane, which retains the solids and allows the liquid to pass through.
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industry, whereby crude oil is heated and separated into stages according to the condensation points of the various elements.
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removes highly soluble impurities from usually solid insoluble material by rinsing it with an appropriate solvent.
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Purification in a chemical context is the physical separation of a chemical substance of interest from foreign or
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removes a soluble impurity from a feed stream by trapping it on the surface of a solid material, such as
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removes an impurity or recovers a desired product by dissolving the crude material in a
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refers to purification of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and food ingredients produced by
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purifies proteins by retaining them on a column through their affinity to
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Useful information about various purification techniques
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or synthesized by plant and animal tissues, for example
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www.zuiveringstechnieken.nl/purification-techniques
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188:removes volatile liquids from non-volatile
68:"List of purification methods in chemistry"
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119:Learn how and when to remove this message
392:"Plasma-chemical purification of iodine"
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216:of the desired product so that it forms
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396:Separation and Purification Technology
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