2112:
2097:
2297:
2085:
2023:
2139:
2038:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2197:
124:
435:
2128:
2050:
2209:
2073:
1168:
427:
561:
1490:
807:
1001:
568:
554:
2311:
1724:
1008:
1699:
1675:
1652:
1629:
1606:
1586:
1549:
1518:
1467:
1444:
1424:
1404:
1381:
1361:
1341:
1321:
1301:
1278:
1258:
1221:
1143:
1119:
1099:
1076:
1053:
964:
934:
914:
891:
871:
851:
831:
784:
764:
744:
724:
704:
684:
664:
644:
624:
496:
2283:
1892:
of 1894–1895, Russia gained the right to build the
Chinese Eastern Railway in Manchuria. They had a large army and occupied Northern Manchuria, which was of some concern to the Japanese. Russia wanted the railway badly. It loaned money to China and promised to use the proposed railway to help defend
2263:
The only train that covers the entire route is the train #19/20 "Vostok" (translated as "East") Moscow — Beijing. The trip from Moscow to
Beijing takes 146 hours (6 days, 2 hours). The journey in the opposite direction lasts 143 hours (5 days, 23 hours).
2146:
The flag of the
Chinese Eastern Railway is a combination of Chinese and Russian flags. It changed several times with the political changes of both owners. The first CER flag (1897–1915) was a combination of the triangular version of the
1792:. This route drastically reduced the travel distance required along the originally proposed main northern route to Vladivostok, which lay completely on Russian soil but was not completed until a decade after the Manchurian "shortcut".
2922:
This album contains 42 photographic prints depicting depots, railroad shops and yards, rolling stock, car interiors, tracks, health resorts, and other views along the line. Captions for the photographs are in
Russian, Mandarin, and
2111:
2096:
3016:
1858:, which Russia was fortifying and developing into a first-class strategic naval base and marine coaling station for its Far East Fleet and Merchant Marine. This town was known in the west as Port Arthur, and the
2339:
2049:
2084:
477:
2919:
1959:— who pushed foreign powers such as Britain to return some of their concessions from 1925 to 1927 — to turn against his former Soviet ally in 1927, seizing Soviet
2645:
2358:
1862:(1904–1905) was fought largely over who would possess this region and its excellent harbor, as well as whether it would remain open to traders of all nations (
2976:
3006:
1873:. Until the Circumbaikal portion was completed (1904–1905; double-tracked, 1914), goods carried on the Trans-Siberian Railway had to be trans-shipped by
2991:
3001:
2996:
3011:
2072:
2037:
2775:
470:
2621:
2594:
2567:
2009:
291:
3026:
2986:
2478:
Zhang, Shengfa (2010). "The Main Causes for the Return of the
Changchun Railway to China". In Bernstein, Thomas P.; Hua-Yu, Li (eds.).
1997:
but allowed joint control over the
Southern branch with China; all this together received the name of the "Chinese Changchun Railway" (
2971:
131:, and its southern branch (Harbin to Dalian). After 1905, most of the southern branch (from Changchun to Dalian) became the Japan-run
2502:
2363:
2208:
463:
1854:, began at Harbin, leading southwards through Eastern Manchuria, along the Liaodong Peninsula, to the ice-free deep-water port at
2961:
2022:
396:
311:
147:
42:
2981:
2966:
2719:
1909:
295:
56:
2938:
2324:
232:
512:
255:
196:
2334:
238:
1964:
276:
244:
3021:
2456:
2166:
1979:
1947:
to 1927, diplomats of the Soviet Union would promise to revoke concessions in China, but the
Soviets secretly kept
2244:
2232:
2220:
2196:
1831:
from China in 1898. Officially, traffic on the line started in
November 1901, but regular passenger traffic from
1824:
181:
127:
The routing of the main line of the
Chinese Eastern Railway (Manzhouli to Harbin to Suifenhe), here labelled the
2946:. Hong Kong Railway Society web pages: under “English, Members Corner, Feature Articles”. Retrieved January 2009
2943:
2180:
2148:
280:
1200:
1929:
1889:
1851:
1777:
1768:
The
Chinese Eastern Railway, a single-track line, provided a shortcut for the world's longest railroad, the
388:
262:
212:
132:
2828:
Elleman, Bruce A. "The Soviet Union's Secret Diplomacy Concerning the Chinese Eastern Railway, 1924–1925."
2344:
2268:
2132:
2103:
1990:
1878:
1840:
1800:
1769:
596:
439:
1894:
2165:) in Chinese. The 1915–1925 flag replaced the flag of the Qing dynasty with a triangular version of the
1905:
1870:
2138:
449:
2783:
2743:
2699:
2691:
2639:
2428:
1994:
1944:
1917:
1913:
1859:
272:
224:
589:
227:, then an Imperial Russian leased ice-free port. The T-shaped line consisted of three branches:
1963:. The Soviets would later fight an armed conflict to keep control over the northern CER in the
2683:
2627:
2617:
2590:
2563:
2498:
2420:
2184:
1936:
1820:
1808:
1028:
357:
2933:
2675:
2412:
1998:
1882:
1869:
The Chinese Eastern Railway was essentially completed in 1902, a few years earlier than the
1863:
434:
220:
155:
123:
79:
2451:
2127:
2913:
2586:
Diplomacy and Deception: The Secret History of Sino-Soviet Diplomatic Relations, 1917-1927
2329:
1956:
1901:
177:
100:
1978:
sold its rights to the railway to the Manchukuo government; it was then merged into the
2738:
Zhang, Shengfa (2010). "Return of the Chinese Changchun Railway to China by the USSR".
2664:"The Soviet Union's Secret Diplomacy Concerning the Chinese Eastern Railway, 1924–1925"
2152:
1948:
1832:
287:
in 1935; later in 1945 the Soviets regained co-ownership of the railway by treaty. The
208:
188:
17:
2955:
2703:
2353:
2348:
2316:
2288:
2267:
There is also a train #653/654 Zabaikalsk — Manzhouli which one can use to cross the
2059:
1812:
1499:
2531:
2302:
1986:
1975:
1888:
The Chinese Eastern Railway became important in international relations. After the
1804:
1796:
426:
288:
204:
200:
86:
1803:
through northern Manchuria under the supervision of Vice Minister of Public Works
2757:
2611:
2584:
2557:
1847:
1836:
1789:
283:
of 1937–1945. The Soviet Union sold the railway to the Japanese puppet state of
267:
216:
2886:
2916:
Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
2866:
Kolonialer Wettstreit: Russland, China, Japan und die Ostchinesische Eisenbahn
2808:
Chia-pin, Liang. “History of the Chinese Eastern Railway: A Chinese Version.”
2278:
1940:
1912:
sending 100,000 troops to protect their interests in the railroad. During the
1874:
1154:
816:
501:
446:
in red; the Chinese Far East Railway, which runs across Manchuria, not shown.
254:. Saint Petersburg administered the railway and the concession, known as the
192:
2687:
2631:
2424:
2382:
Liang Chia-pin, “History of the Chinese Eastern Railway: A Chinese Version.”
1939:(1917–1924) the Russian part of the CER came under the administration of the
430:
Map of Chinese Eastern Railway from Manchuria to Pogranichnaya, ca. 1903–1919
2029:
1971:
1952:
1921:
1781:
1564:
1236:
443:
284:
1925:
1855:
1974:
it was known as the North Manchuria Railway until 23 March 1935, when the
456:
1960:
1828:
1032:
392:
495:
2695:
2663:
2432:
2400:
2055:
1773:
1735:
1710:
2482:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. p. 61.
1181:
1019:
585:
2063:
1993:. After World War II the Soviet government insisted on occupying the
1920:
and much of the South Manchurian branch to Japan. The rail line from
1816:
1785:
1529:
1185:
979:
319:
251:
2679:
2416:
2179:) in Chinese. The flag was changed again in 1925 and 1932, with the
2078:
The Lüshun train station, built during the period of Russian control
1985:
From August 1945, the CER again came under the joint control of the
2944:“The Chinese Eastern Railway – A Glimpse of History” by Peter Crush
2896:
2823:
2282:
2840:
2813:
2387:
2137:
2126:
2013:
1897:
of 1896. Construction started in 1898 and was completed in 1903.
1192:
433:
425:
2090:
A 1900 postcard depicting a train on the Chinese Eastern Railway
2883:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
2835:
Kantorovich, A. J. “The Sale of the Chinese Eastern Railway.”
2914:
Guide to the Photograph Album of the Chinese Eastern Railway.
258:, from the city of Harbin, which grew into a major rail-hub.
3017:
Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Heilongjiang
1982:
and converted to standard gauge in four hours on 31 August.
1967:. while Japan maintained control of the southern spur line.
1951:
concessions such as the Chinese Eastern Railway, as well as
2012:
all of its rights to the Chinese Changchun Railway to the
2891:
Wang, C. C. “The Sale of the Chinese Eastern Railway.”
1823:, and accelerated drastically after Russia concluded a
2043:
Chinese Eastern Railway Workmen at Meal, ca. 1903–1919
261:
The southern branch of the CER, known as the Japanese
105:
91:
2340:
Kaiping Tramway and Imperial Railways of North China
1807:. Work on the CER began in July 1897 along the line
2868:(in German). Frankfurt/New York: Campus Publishers.
2613:
The 1929 Sino-Soviet war : the war nobody knew
1908:including Russia – Russia also launched a separate
99:
85:
78:
73:
55:
41:
32:
2480:China Learns from the Soviet Union, 1949 – Present
1877:almost a hundred kilometers across the lake (from
1846:In 1898, construction of a 550-mile (880 km)
403:) after Japanese took over from Russians in 1905.
191:constructed the line from 1897 to 1902 during the
176:), is the historical name for a railway system in
2850:. A Vintage Book. Random House Australia Pty Ltd.
2818:Deane, Frederick. "The Chinese Eastern Railway."
2881:Wang, Chin-Chun. "The Chinese Eastern Railway."
2214:Flag of Chinese Eastern Railway Shipping Company
1560:
1232:
975:
579:
2556:Jukes, Geoffrey (6 June 2014). "Introduction".
1928:— transferred to Japanese control — became the
306:The official Chinese name of this railway was
2174:
2160:
471:
163:
61:
47:
27:Historical railroad system in northeast China
8:
2742:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). New York, NY:
2740:Manchurian Railways and the Opening of China
2589:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 134, 165, 168, 174.
2131:1915–1925 version of CER flag flying at the
1955:, barracks, and Orthodox churches. This led
2644:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1536:
1208:
951:
541:
520:
478:
464:
70:
2758:"Chinese Eastern Railway Company (China)"
2401:"The Sale of the Chinese Eastern Railway"
2003:Кита́йская Чанчу́ньская желе́зная доро́га
2452:"Chinese Eastern Railway railway, China"
2359:Empire of Japan–Russian Empire relations
2117:Locomotives and rolling stock of the CER
122:
2375:
2192:
2171:East Provinces Railway Company of China
2142:1932–1935 version of NMR flag in Harbin
2018:
461:
360:, the northern branches was renamed to
2637:
265:from 1906, became a locus and partial
170:Kitaysko-Vostochnaya Zheleznaya Doroga
29:
2657:
2655:
243:the southern branch, now part of the
7:
2920:Views of the Chinese Eastern Railway
2446:
2444:
2442:
2157:East Provinces Railway of Great Qing
2066:during the Russo-Japanese War (1905)
308:Great Qing Eastern Provinces Railway
292:returned the Chinese Eastern Railway
2848:Secrets and Spies: The Harbin Files
2532:"Manchukuo: Precursor to World War"
2519:A history of Sino-Russian relations
1893:China against Japan, in the secret
406:It is also known in English as the
387:The southern branch was renamed to
107:Chung1-kup2 Tung1-sheng3 t'ieh3-lu4
2977:Defunct railway companies of China
2859:. New York: The Macmillan Company.
1843:did not commence until July 1903.
160:Китайско-Восточная железная дорога
25:
3007:Standard gauge railways in Russia
2364:History of Sino-Russian relations
1850:, most of which later formed the
362:Chinese Eastern Provinces Railway
3002:Standard gauge railways in China
2997:1520 mm gauge railways in Russia
2559:The Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905
2309:
2295:
2281:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2195:
2110:
2095:
2083:
2071:
2048:
2036:
2021:
1722:
1697:
1673:
1650:
1627:
1604:
1584:
1547:
1516:
1489:
1488:
1465:
1442:
1422:
1402:
1379:
1359:
1339:
1319:
1299:
1276:
1256:
1219:
1167:
1166:
1141:
1117:
1097:
1074:
1051:
1006:
999:
962:
932:
912:
889:
869:
849:
829:
806:
805:
782:
762:
742:
722:
702:
682:
662:
642:
622:
566:
559:
552:
494:
3012:1520 mm gauge railways in China
2855:Sedwick, F.R. (R.F.A.) (1909).
2839:8#4 (1935) pp. 397–408,
560:
2812:3#2 (1930), pp. 188–211,
2717:"Manchukuo Gauge Conversion".
2058:guard the CER bridge over the
1904:– which was suppressed by the
1000:
567:
553:
400:
380:
375:
374:) in 1915, shortened form as (
370:
365:
352:
347:
338:
333:
324:
315:
151:
106:
92:
62:
48:
1:
2934:Chinese Eastern Railroad Zone
2895:12#1 (1933), pp. 57–70,
2822:3#1 (1924), pp. 147–52,
2814:online in English translation
2271:. The trip takes 25 minutes.
1723:
1007:
2992:China–Soviet Union relations
2668:The Journal of Asian Studies
2010:transferred (free of charge)
1965:Sino-Soviet conflict of 1929
256:Chinese Eastern Railway Zone
237:the eastern branch, now the
231:the western branch, now the
3027:Railway companies of Russia
2610:Walker, Michael M. (2017).
2399:Kantorovich, A. J. (1935).
2102:A CER executive car at the
1970:After the establishment of
1698:
1674:
1651:
1628:
1605:
1585:
1548:
1517:
1466:
1443:
1423:
1403:
1380:
1360:
1340:
1320:
1300:
1277:
1257:
1220:
1142:
1118:
1098:
1075:
1052:
963:
933:
913:
890:
870:
850:
830:
783:
763:
743:
723:
703:
683:
663:
643:
623:
500:Trains being marshalled at
3043:
2662:Elleman, Bruce A. (1994).
2583:Elleman, Bruce A. (1997).
2014:People's Republic of China
2008:In 1952, the Soviet Union
1980:Manchukuo National Railway
1871:stretch around Lake Baikal
296:People's Republic of China
195:period. The Railway was a
2972:Rail transport in Siberia
2776:"Trans-Manchurian Trains"
2562:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2386:3#2 (1930), pp. 188–211,
2175:
2161:
2002:
1734:
1716:
1709:
1691:
1682:
1667:
1662:
1644:
1639:
1621:
1616:
1598:
1593:
1578:
1535:
1528:
1510:
1497:
1482:
1477:
1459:
1454:
1436:
1431:
1416:
1411:
1396:
1391:
1373:
1368:
1353:
1348:
1333:
1328:
1313:
1308:
1293:
1288:
1270:
1265:
1250:
1207:
1178:
1160:
1153:
1135:
1126:
1111:
1106:
1091:
1086:
1068:
1063:
1045:
1015:
993:
950:
941:
926:
921:
906:
901:
883:
878:
863:
858:
843:
838:
823:
814:
799:
794:
776:
771:
756:
751:
736:
731:
716:
711:
696:
691:
676:
671:
656:
651:
636:
631:
616:
540:
536:
523:
506:near the Chinese border.
344:Eastern Provinces Railway
199:to Russia, and later the
164:
159:
117:
69:
37:
2875:The 1929 Sino-Soviet War
2873:Walker, Michael (2017).
2864:Urbansky, Sören (2008).
2830:Journal of Asian Studies
2325:Harbin–Manzhouli railway
2181:flag of the Soviet Union
2149:flag of the Qing dynasty
487:Trans-Manchurian Railway
412:Trans-Manchurian Railway
408:Chinese Far East Railway
371:Zhōngguó Dōngshěng tiělù
281:Second Sino-Japanese War
233:Harbin–Manzhouli Railway
129:Trans-Manchurian Railway
93:Zhōngguó Dōngshěng tiělù
43:Traditional Chinese
2962:Chinese Eastern Railway
2495:Trans-Siberian Handbook
2457:Encyclopædia Britannica
2335:Harbin–Suifenhe railway
1930:South Manchuria Railway
1916:, Russia lost both the
1890:first Sino-Japanese War
1852:South Manchuria Railway
1799:granted a construction
1788:to the Russian port of
416:North Manchuria Railway
389:South Manchuria Railway
275:of 1904–1905, the 1929
263:South Manchuria Railway
239:Harbin–Suifenhe Railway
140:Chinese Eastern Railway
133:South Manchuria Railway
57:Simplified Chinese
33:Chinese Eastern Railway
18:Chinese-Eastern Railway
2987:China–Russia relations
2857:The Russo-Japanese War
2780:Trans Siberian Express
2345:Russian Railway Museum
2269:Russian-Chinese border
2250:Flag used in 1932–1935
2238:Flag used in 1925–1932
2226:Flag used in 1915–1925
2202:Flag used in 1897–1915
2143:
2135:
2133:Harbin railway station
2104:Russian Railway Museum
1841:Trans-Siberian railway
1770:Trans-Siberian Railway
597:Trans-Siberian Railway
454:
440:Trans-Siberian Railway
431:
325:Dàqīng Dōngshěng Tiělù
245:Beijing–Harbin Railway
135:
2885:122.1 (1925): 57–69.
2832:53.2 (1994): 459–486.
2493:Thomas, Bryn (2001).
2141:
2130:
1910:invasion of Manchuria
1906:Eight Nation Alliance
437:
429:
250:which intersected in
126:
2982:Concessions in China
2967:History of Manchuria
2908:Archival collections
2744:Taylor & Francis
2616:. Lawrence, Kansas.
450:Baikal Amur Mainline
330:Eastern Qing Railway
277:Sino-Soviet Conflict
211:. The system linked
2939:History of the line
1900:In 1900 during the
2846:Moustafine, Mara.
2786:on 3 December 2018
2762:Flags of the World
2144:
2136:
1995:Liaodong Peninsula
1945:Karakhan Manifesto
1918:Liaodong Peninsula
1914:Russo-Japanese War
1860:Russo-Japanese War
1811:(east of Chita) —
1780:, across northern
455:
432:
273:Russo-Japanese War
136:
3022:History of Harbin
2623:978-0-7006-2375-4
2596:978-0-7656-0142-1
2569:978-1-4728-1003-8
2185:flag of Manchukuo
2167:five-colored flag
1937:Russian Civil War
1895:Li–Lobanov Treaty
1821:Nikolsk-Ussuriski
1766:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1687:
1686:
1572:
1571:
1506:
1505:
1244:
1243:
1198:
1197:
1131:
1130:
1038:
1037:
987:
986:
946:
945:
610:
609:
602:
601:
358:Xinhai Revolution
328:), also known as
203:, granted by the
121:
120:
113:
112:
80:Standard Mandarin
16:(Redirected from
3034:
2878:
2869:
2860:
2851:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2782:. Archived from
2772:
2766:
2765:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2643:
2635:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2528:
2522:
2521:(1957) pp 57-60.
2517:Tianfang Cheng,
2515:
2509:
2508:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2448:
2437:
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2396:
2390:
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2319:
2314:
2313:
2312:
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2300:
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2285:
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2235:
2223:
2211:
2199:
2178:
2177:
2164:
2163:
2114:
2099:
2087:
2075:
2052:
2040:
2025:
2004:
1943:. From the 1919
1864:Open Door Policy
1772:, from near the
1726:
1725:
1701:
1700:
1677:
1676:
1654:
1653:
1631:
1630:
1608:
1607:
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1519:
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1468:
1446:
1445:
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1406:
1405:
1383:
1382:
1363:
1362:
1343:
1342:
1323:
1322:
1303:
1302:
1280:
1279:
1260:
1259:
1233:
1223:
1222:
1209:
1182:
1170:
1169:
1145:
1144:
1121:
1120:
1101:
1100:
1078:
1077:
1055:
1054:
1020:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
976:
966:
965:
952:
936:
935:
916:
915:
893:
892:
873:
872:
853:
852:
833:
832:
809:
808:
786:
785:
766:
765:
746:
745:
726:
725:
706:
705:
686:
685:
666:
665:
646:
645:
626:
625:
586:
580:
570:
569:
563:
562:
556:
555:
542:
521:
498:
480:
473:
466:
457:
402:
382:
377:
372:
367:
354:
349:
340:
335:
326:
317:
221:Russian Far East
167:
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2788:. Retrieved
2784:the original
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2727:: 340. 1935.
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2539:. Retrieved
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2303:China portal
2266:
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2170:
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2007:
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1969:
1934:
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1845:
1805:Xu Jingcheng
1794:
1767:
1663:Shanhaiguan
1017:
879:Bezrechnaya
795:Olovyannaya
732:Ostrechnaya
692:Buryatskaya
652:Adrinanovka
448:(The Soviet
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201:Soviet Union
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87:Hanyu Pinyin
2790:25 December
2463:11 December
2028:Railway in
1935:During the
1879:Port Baikal
1839:across the
1837:Vladivostok
1790:Vladivostok
1369:Xinganling
1349:Yilick Ede
1127:Urulyunguy
922:Sherlovaya
902:Khadabulak
268:casus belli
225:Port Arthur
217:Vladivostok
2956:Categories
2370:References
1953:consulates
1941:White Army
1801:concession
1432:Zhalantun
1155:Zabaykalsk
1029:Choibalsan
817:Onon River
590:Karymskaya
502:Zabaykalsk
452:in green.)
391:(Japanese
279:, and the
197:concession
193:Great Game
101:Wade–Giles
2704:162586404
2688:0021-9118
2640:cite book
2632:966274204
2425:0030-851X
2030:Manzhouli
1972:Manchukuo
1961:legations
1922:Changchun
1848:spur line
1782:Manchuria
1683:Tangshan
1617:Shenyang
1565:Changchun
1329:Mianduhe
1237:Manzhouli
1107:Bilyutuy
1064:Kharanor
1023:branch to
712:Mogoytuy
672:Sedlovoy
632:Tarskaya
444:Manchuria
298:in 1952.
285:Manchukuo
223:and with
182:Manchuria
2923:English.
2275:See also
2183:and the
2176:中國東省鐵路公司
2151:and the
2056:Cossacks
1883:Mysovaya
1829:Liaodong
1809:Tarskaya
1795:In 1896
1776:city of
1774:Siberian
1640:Jinzhou
1455:Anganxi
1266:Hargant
1087:Dauriya
1033:Mongolia
839:Yasnaya
393:kyujitai
271:for the
2696:2059842
2433:2751239
2187:added.
2169:, with
2155:, with
1999:Russian
1949:tsarist
1762:Source
1736:Beijing
1711:Tianjin
1594:Siping
1478:Daqing
1392:Boketu
1309:Haiman
1289:Hailar
422:History
397:Chinese
312:Chinese
294:to the
219:in the
156:Russian
148:Chinese
2897:online
2887:online
2841:online
2824:online
2702:
2694:
2686:
2630:
2620:
2593:
2566:
2541:10 May
2501:
2431:
2423:
2388:online
2162:大清東省鐵路
2064:Harbin
1926:Lüshun
1856:Lüshun
1817:Harbin
1813:Hailar
1786:Harbin
1530:Harbin
1412:Balin
1201:border
1199:
1186:Russia
980:Borzya
942:Birka
859:Birka
513:Legend
399::
366:中國東省鐵路
322::
320:pinyin
316:大清東省鐵路
314::
252:Harbin
152:中國東省鐵路
150::
63:中国东省铁路
49:中國東省鐵路
2928:Other
2700:S2CID
2692:JSTOR
2429:JSTOR
2259:Fleet
2123:Flags
1991:China
1875:ferry
1797:China
1778:Chita
1731:9,001
1706:8,868
1659:8,586
1636:8,402
1613:8,160
1556:7,855
1525:7,613
1474:7,454
1451:7,343
1388:7,074
1285:6,864
1228:6,678
1193:China
1180:
1175:6,662
1150:6,661
1083:6,609
1060:6,590
1039:
1018:
971:6,543
898:6,509
791:6,444
772:Step
603:
584:
575:6,305
401:南滿洲鐵道
342:) or
215:with
213:Chita
174:KVZhD
162:, or
2792:2014
2684:ISSN
2646:link
2628:OCLC
2618:ISBN
2591:ISBN
2564:ISBN
2543:2022
2499:ISBN
2465:2016
2421:ISSN
1989:and
1987:USSR
1976:USSR
1784:via
752:Aga
438:The
414:and
376:中東鐵路
348:東省鐵路
334:東清鐵路
302:Name
187:The
165:КВЖД
138:The
2676:doi
2413:doi
2062:in
2005:).
1924:to
1885:).
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184:).
172:or
144:CER
142:or
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