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736:, announced the development of 12 model square dancing routines it had hired and trained instructors to introduce around the country. "Dancing in public squares represents the collective aspect of Chinese culture, but now it seems that the overenthusiasm of participants has dealt it a harmful blow with disputes over noise and venues," explained Liu Guoyong, director of General Administration of Sports' public fitness department. "So we have to guide it with national standards and regulations."
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address the noise issues; others said the dancers should be free to choose their own routines. The real problem, yet others said, was not only the lack of better places for the dancing but the lack of other social opportunities for the women. The government soon clarified that the routines it created and promoted were only meant to be healthy alternatives to existing ones and were not required.
301:. "Over a longer period of time, these activities became arranged in rhythms and movements which were harmonious and graceful—now they had dancing." While these may have eventually evolved into modern breathing exercises, other commentators suggest a public aspect to such dancing analogous to modern square dancing may have been refined in later eras, such as the religious dances of the
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297:, people began to dance slowly in order to reinvigorate their muscles after lengthy rains had kept them indoors, sometimes leading to joint diseases. Eventually they began dressing up in costumes and using props. "As time passed, they discovered that some activities could promote appetite, strengthen muscles and bones, and get rid of fatigue," writes one historian of
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these twelve routines," said Liu. "Of course that's impossible. It's a misunderstanding." Many
Chinese took this to be a tacit admission that the hostile reaction to the routines and the sheer number of square dancers, meant that government realized it would be impossible to displace existing square-dance routines with its own.
238:", or older hits from the 1950s, often with propagandist lyrics. Some dances are complicated and demanding, but the majority are low-impact routines that primarily consist of holding the dancer's arms in front of the body in varied positions. For this reason they are often referred to derisively as "zombie dances."
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school whose slowed-down moves are often practiced as exercise, known as tai chi in the West. They begin as early as 5:30 a.m., and tend to use spaces nearer supermarkets so they are better positioned to bargain for and purchase fresh vegetables when the markets open. In the evening they tend to
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Groups sometimes split if one experienced dancer feels she can lead a group of her own, especially if there are dancers dissatisfied with the current leaders' interpretation of the songs. Groups that form by such splits often consider themselves in competition. These can take the nature of friendly,
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However, square dancers also came into conflict with residents of the areas that surrounded their preferred spaces. Many were younger workers who complained that this noise pollution kept them or their families from getting needed rest, especially if different groups of dancers began turning their
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Dancers organize themselves into rank and file. The front rank comprises the most proficient dancers, the best being in the center. Each rank back from the one in front contains dancer who are less proficient. All the dancers face forward. This allows dancers to learn from those in the rows ahead.
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Shortly afterwards, officials stated that the new routines were not meant to be the only ones permitted, contrary to what the original announcement had stated. "We saw that some people on the
Internet were worried that the new regulations meant all over China people would only be allowed to dance
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As square dancing continues to flourish in the urban environment, the dancing activity happening on found and loosened space (urban public space temporarily appropriated by residents to meet their needs) reveals the tension between how the modern city is imagined and constructed, and how the real
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in 2014. "I feel the same kind of spirit and emotions." Another woman, whose troupe used the "red songs" written during that era, was more political. "The can always remind us what the
Chinese leaders did for us to have a good life today and how they fought hard for the ordinary people in China."
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In cities during the Great Leap, there was an emphasis on collective use of public space even for activities that had usually taken place in the home. For example, entire neighborhoods were required to eat their dinner in public dining halls. Ultimately, the Great Leap
Forward proved disastrous,
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In 2015 the
Chinese government reacted to these complaints and incidents by prescribing a set of standardized routines for all dancers to follow, claiming they would be culturally unifying and healthier. The move was met with widespread criticism. Some Chinese complained that it did nothing to
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in the evening or morning hours. Dancers in China's increasingly populous cities congregate in public areas because there are few dedicated facilities where they could go. Residents of nearby apartment complexes who have been disturbed by the high volume of multiple dance groups' musical
38:
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Wang had earlier clarified that he designed the routines to provide fuller exercise than the ones he saw on the streets. His routines were designed to involve the entire body, and incorporate dance moves from styles the
Chinese public was not yet widely familiar with such as
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of the nation's cities. It is popular with middle-aged and retired women who have been referred to as "dancing grannies" in the
English-language media. Due to its low cost and ease of participation, it has been estimated to have over 100 million practitioners, according to
699:, says this apparent insensitivity to loud noise is another effect of the Cultural Revolution, when propaganda read over loudspeakers was a constant feature of daily Chinese life. "The intimate memories of the loudspeakers are lodged deep in the subconscious of the old
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s ranks continued to grow along with China's cities. By 2008 half of the country's population was living in an urban environment. That year they received unintentional official encouragement when the government promoted fitness all over the country in anticipation of
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could implement, he suggested closing off lanes of less busy streets in the neighborhoods favored by square dancers to create temporary pedestrian space. He estimated that this could provide up to 8.8 square metres (95 sq ft) per dancer in the city.
359:. At the time most Chinese still lived in rural areas, as they had for centuries. Some had already moved to cities to take industrial jobs, but to better realize the aspirations of the Great Leap Forward, many of them moved or were forcibly relocated.
740:, the government's press agency, explained that the new routines would help make square dancing "a nationally unified, scientifically crafted new activity that brings positive energy to the people." The announcement was accompanied by a video set to "
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A recent survey found that
Shanghai residents have more tolerance for square dancing. According to the report, 75% of residents supported the group dancing, and 73% of young residents supported it. Beyond that, most residents said they thought
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Despite the tension between square dancers and residents of the areas they danced in, most
Chinese opposed the move and supported the square dancers' right to choose their own music and dances. "This isn't a business," one dancer told the
455:, which had been suppressed during the Cultural Revolution, returned. Women who had experienced the brunt of the Cultural Revolution and its dislocations in their teens and young adulthood, including the exposure to and participation in
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start dancing after dinner; for this reason spaces used by square dancers in the evening tend not to be too far from their homes as they also may have to tend to grandchildren they may be watching while their own children work late.
524:. Tai chi's philosophy strongly encourages its practice in parks, closer to nature, and space there was scarce. Falun Gong was outlawed by the government in 1999, eliminating that option for exercise. So, the women, referred to as
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Other commentators expressed more practical concerns, such as whether the higher-impact routines were ideal for older women. "Who pays the medical bills if the grannies hurt themselves doing these?", asked one person on a
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Some dancers themselves make this historical connection. "When I do the dances, it reminds me of my younger years when I was doing similar dances during the
Cultural Revolution," a retired driver in her mid-60s told the
448:". The pace of urbanization picked up again afterwards. As younger Chinese moved from farms to cities, found jobs and started families, their parents often moved in with them to better supervise their grandchildren.
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The groups congregate in the early morning and evening, any time of year, at parks or public squares, or anywhere they can find enough space, regardless of what other use that space may nominally have, such as a
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TV network sponsored a contest, drawing participants from seven cities. Its successful broadcast drew more participants into the squares and plazas. In 2014 the Chopstick Brothers featured square dancers in the
45:
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Some groups have gotten large, as many as 80 members in some cases. Leaders of these large groups charge a small fee to regular attendees to support the use of the electronics. It is reported as being either
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music up to compete with each other. "One man bouncing his infant daughter says he fears the first words she will speak are the saccharine lyrics that waft in daily through the walls and windows," the
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is good for health, both mental and physical – 62% saw regular dancing as exercise and recreation, and 61% believed it helps elderly people expand their social circles and dispel loneliness.
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who developed the routines, said that concern was misplaced. None of the groups of dancers he tested them on had any complaints, he said. "Some even asked that the moves be more complicated."
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tool. Performances often helped relieve tensions between the party and the peasantry during times when food was scarce, although during the more repressive period of the Cultural Revolution,
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224:
493:. Streets were widened to accommodate automobile traffic, driving many activities that had once taken place there elsewhere. Although there were parks, there were severe shortages of
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The music is usually broadcast from a portable CD player and amplifier on wheels, powered by a large vehicle battery. Accompaniment varies. Some groups dance to Western pop or even
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began doing it to keep themselves occupied. Its popularity notwithstanding, square dancing has been the subject of considerable controversy in the 2010s China due to complaints of
1958:
639:, two groups of rival dancers allegedly came to blows when they tried to share a small space at a local park. A court ordered one group to pay the other's medical costs.
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voluntarily agreed to limit its routines to certain times and noise levels, others have been more defiant. "The louder the music, the more fun it is," one dancer told
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fitness routine. He hoped that the more intense routines would widen the demographic of square dancers. "I want to see more young people dancing in public squares."
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residents threw human excrement on dancers from the tops of their neighboring towers. In a 2013 incident that gained national attention, a man in Beijing's outlying
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with younger women, left home for long periods of time to work elsewhere, or both. They returned to dance as a way to stay fit, relieve boredom and socialize.
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had, as of 2013, a mere 1.2 square metres (13 sq ft) of open space per resident, far below the 9-square-metre (97 sq ft) suggested by the
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552:'great mothers'), often rendered in the English press as "grannies", began finding their own spaces to dance in the way they had in their youth.
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Zhao, "据曹露向时代周报记者描述，一位湖南师范大学的退休女教师，先是参加了学校附近的“广场舞”团体，熟练后感到“舞蹈节奏太慢，更新的速度也不太频繁”，随后带着队伍里的一些成员重新成立了自己的团队，从网上看视频学习舞蹈，甚至到外地“取经”，自此以每周教学一支新舞的速度，迅速将原先的队伍比了下去。"
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decided to do their dance in the hotel lobby, attracting attention from guests there and causing friction with hotel management. A group dancing in
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pointed out that "The biggest tragedy is not the square dance by grannies, but the fact that grannies have nothing else to do than square-dance."
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about the effect square dancing had had on her. "When I dance, I forget all my cares. And I can also hike up mountains with little effort."
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604:, one group pooled the equivalent of US$ 40,000 to purchase a sound system of their own, loudly reminding dancers to comply with Chinese
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accompaniment, especially late in the evening and early in the morning when they are trying to sleep, have sometimes reacted violently.
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The practice has roots in both ancient and modern Chinese history. Dancing for exercise has been recorded as developed millennia ago in
1233:
509:, as compared with 11.2 square metres (121 sq ft) per resident in Beijing and 20 square metres (220 sq ft) in
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provided no incident, but other square dancers have not been so lucky in other countries (similarly, Russians visiting cities in
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is one of their reasons for taking part, although the benefits of the exercise and socialization opportunities also play a role.
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popular songs, both contemporary and historic. The hobby began in the mid-1990s, as middle-aged women who had been forced into
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the public spaces of cities were noted for their use in performance. Most of the women who square dance came of age during the
459:
performances, began to reach mandatory retirement age in the mid-1990s, or were laid off from state-run enterprises following
417:, very popular in rural areas, particularly in northern China. Originally performed to mark important agricultural occasions,
260:. "I used to be quick to lose my temper, but now nothing bothers me," a similarly aged retired paper mill worker explained to
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had prioritized commerce and industry, often demolishing older neighborhoods with small houses and replacing them with large
394:, work and be properly re-educated through review of Mao's writings. This too caused great hardship and economic disruption.
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era. A Beijing group attracted international attention in summer of 2014 for performing Cultural Revolution-era songs like "
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Apparel varies greatly. Many groups' members show up in street clothes or exercise clothing similar to that worn for
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The back rank is often populated with beginners just learning the moves, while the front rows are well-coordinated.
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Square dancers' response to clashes with residents over noise has been mixed. While one group of dancers in
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1462:[12 National Square-Dancing Aerobics Routines Introduced] (Press release) (in Chinese). Beijing.
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reported in 2013. The dancers also drew complaints that they blocked building entrances, sidewalks or
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due to labor shortages on farms. In 1962, the government began allowing people to move back to farms.
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organized events, or more serious competition for the best spaces available and the loudest sound.
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Zhao, "江苏卫视在去年推出了大型公益健身类节目《最炫民族风》，镜头对准的是全国1.8亿老人。 该节目在全国七大城市进行了招募，在众多“广场舞”群体中引起巨大反响，奖金更是高达上百万。"
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The cities they were living in, however, lacked sufficient space for such activities. Chinese
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The Cultural Revolution ended with Mao's death in 1976. Following the arrest and trial of the
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But other analysts wrote that the problem went deeper than this insensitivity. Tong writes:
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The annoyed residents have sometimes taken it upon themselves to quiet the dancers' din. In
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167:. Morning dancers try to avoid parks since they are preferred locations for tai chi, the
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At first, they joined older Chinese in practicing tai chi and the newer practices of
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city is remade and lived in by common people, especially our elderly square dancers.
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Zhao, 费用有每人每年20元的，也有每人每月5元的，视各领舞老师的意愿而定，但总体来说，“费用是很少的”。... 在长沙，一般需要缴纳的费用在每人每年40元左右。
857:
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670:, made headlines in August 2014 when its leader was arrested for violating a city
585:"; the dancers returned the favor by making it a popular tune for their routines.
254:"It's good for my health to be able to come out and exercise," a retiree told the
234:, but most choose Chinese popular songs with a dance beat, such as the 2014 hit "
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In the rural areas they were relocated to, the urbanites first encountered the
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In the 2010s square dancing began to draw notice both in China and abroad. A
100:'public square dance'), is an exercise routine performed to music in
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that swept China during the 1960s and early '70s, in the broader context of
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were widely performed, often as propaganda. Some have confirmed that this
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703:," he wrote. "They have no concept that this can actually annoy others."
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was itself banned along with many other traditional forms of expression.
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in the West. More advanced groups sometimes wear costumes and use props.
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have joined in the square dances). Two mainland Chinese women visiting
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463:. Some also began experiencing marital stress as husbands began having
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reported seeing one group in green fatigues, dancing to songs from the
1072:"Wrath of Dancing Grandmothers Forces Chinese Government to Backtrack"
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737:
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514:
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126:
85:
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1285:"The dancing damas: China's 'square dancers' take society by storm"
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Dancers have also taken their dances overseas. A dance on Moscow's
289:, an encyclopedia compiled in the third century B.C.E., during the
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1529:
790:
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980:"China's senior dancers and their 'red songs' would do Mao proud"
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Altercations have even arisen among the dancers themselves. In
590:
283:
Dance as a form of exercise, has a long history in China. The
1313:"Public Dance: A Sociality Invented in Individualizing China"
320:
The origins of modern square dancing have been traced to the
1166:"这是《武林旧事》里记录的节日街头的场景，南宋临安市民就喜欢在街头看跳舞，不过那些舞者个个都是专业范儿，跳的是美感。
497:, especially in rapidly growing cities. The small city of
250:
A mixed-age group of square dancers in Beijing, June 2017
1498:
1417:"'Chinese damas' vow to say no to noise of square dance"
1149:[Maybe only a typhoon can stop square dancers].
225:
Without the Communist Party, There Would Be No New China
1225:
History and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine
1033:"China Puts a Hitch in the Step of 'Dancing Grannies'"
378:
revolted against both Chinese traditions and official
293:, describes how, two millennia earlier in the time of
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1222:
Zhen'guo Wang, Peiping Xie (1997). Ping Chen (ed.).
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1957:
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915:"Eight stories you want to know about square dance"
909:
907:
137:Square dancers dance to a variety of music, mostly
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1059:
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421:had been adapted by the CCP for its own uses as a
27:Exercise activity popular with older Chinese women
695:in 2015. Song Jiahong, a humanities professor at
363:failing to industrialize effectively and causing
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374:began. Organized youth styling themselves the
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1198:"Shanghai residents 'support' square dancers"
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1136:
1110:Square Dancing in the Streets, Xuanhua, China
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884:"China Blog: Dancing Grannies raise a ruckus"
513:or 90 square metres (970 sq ft) in
436:, including Mao's widow for perpetrating it,
109:, the country's official television network.
8:
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728:In March 2015, two government agencies, the
313:sees it as similar to public dancing in the
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440:took over as CCP chairman and instituted a
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200:, however, was said to charge twice that.
196:5 per month or ¥20 annually. One group in
744:" demonstrating one of the new routines.
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1464:State General Administration of Sports
730:State General Administration of Sports
446:socialism with Chinese characteristics
7:
978:Makinen, Julie (August 26, 2014).
715:As a remedy that his home city of
317:of the late first millennium C.E.
25:
1391:"Dancing Grannies raise a ruckus"
1366:"Square dancers facing a dilemma"
1311:Wang, Qianni (February 9, 2014).
1283:He, Huifeng (December 18, 2014).
1031:Jacobs, Andrew (March 24, 2015).
1486:
1070:Sheehan, Matt (March 26, 2015).
817:
803:
678:; the charge was later dropped.
489:apartment complexes, increasing
49:2013 video of square dancing in
2315:Dance in mythology and religion
340:. A decade later, CCP chairman
1145:Shu, Fang (October 10, 2013).
658:, home of one of the earliest
631:Large dance in a public square
624:on a nearby group of dancers.
616:was arrested after he fired a
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535:
451:Foreign dance trends, such as
90:
81:
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1:
620:in the air and set his three
32:Square dance (disambiguation)
299:Chinese traditional medicine
773:site. Wang Guangcheng, the
392:sent to rural areas to live
382:, preferring the purity of
124:, when folk dances such as
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674:forbidding sounds over 45
442:program of economic reform
338:People's Republic of China
326:the country's urbanization
305:that preceded the rise of
58:People's Republic of China
29:
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568:Conflicts and controversy
507:World Health Organization
351:initiative to accelerate
116:'s China, and during the
1290:South China Morning Post
1228:. IOS Press. p. 8.
833:History of Chinese dance
724:2015 government response
291:Spring and Autumn period
179:Older square dancers at
102:squares, plazas or parks
330:Chinese Communist Party
18:Chinese fitness dancing
1115:Landscape Architecture
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632:
405:
251:
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53:
1460:"全国广场健身操舞活动 推出12套广场舞"
1119:Ohio State University
941:"Dancing with danger"
630:
400:
303:Warring States period
249:
183:Park in Beijing, 2014
178:
48:
2280:Dance and disability
1495:at Wikimedia Commons
581:for their hit song "
562:that year's Olympics
465:extramarital affairs
444:which continues as "
370:Soon afterward, the
349:economic development
336:and established the
30:For other uses, see
2325:Dance on television
1107:Tong, Chen (2013).
892:. December 12, 2013
811:Architecture portal
759:Xinmin Evening News
734:Ministry of Culture
540:traditional Chinese
372:Cultural Revolution
322:Cultural Revolution
122:Cultural Revolution
78:traditional Chinese
1397:. 12 December 2013
1038:The New York Times
848:Radio calisthenics
692:The New York Times
633:
614:Changping District
532:simplified Chinese
491:population density
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346:Great Leap Forward
252:
242:Perceived benefits
217:The New York Times
185:
70:simplified Chinese
54:
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2367:
2320:Dance occupations
2257:Wallis and Futuna
1491:Media related to
1421:English.people.cn
1147:"能阻挡广场舞的也许只剩下台风了"
985:Los Angeles Times
945:English.people.cn
919:chinadaily.com.cn
843:Pre-work assembly
697:Yunnan University
550:
474:Los Angeles Times
380:Chinese communism
334:Chinese Civil War
257:Los Angeles Times
98:
46:
16:(Redirected from
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2391:Society of China
2355:History of dance
2340:Dance technology
2285:Dance and health
2235:African-American
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1902:Lead and follow
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1719:Novelty and fad
1677:Hoochie coochie
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1556:List of dancers
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328:. In 1949, the
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1551:List of dances
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1481:External links
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1370:Women of China
1356:
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1235:978-9051993240
1234:
1214:
1202:Chinadaily.com
1196:Wang, Hongyi.
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939:Hu, Qingyuan.
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838:List of dances
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483:urban planners
332:(CCP) won the
309:. A writer in
307:Imperial China
280:
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264:New York Times
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62:square dancing
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664:New York City
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501:northwest of
500:
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461:privatization
458:
454:
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438:Deng Xiaoping
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353:industrialize
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286:Lüshi Chunqiu
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91:guǎngchǎng wǔ
87:
79:
71:
67:
66:plaza dancing
63:
59:
52:
33:
19:
2345:Dance troupe
2290:Dance awards
2185:Pontic Greek
1892:Dance theory
1882:Choreography
1794:Contemporary
1493:Guangchangwu
1467:. Retrieved
1454:
1449:Tong, 36–43.
1445:
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:
1411:
1399:. Retrieved
1394:
1385:
1373:. Retrieved
1369:
1359:
1350:
1345:Tong, 27–28.
1341:
1332:
1320:. Retrieved
1317:Academia.edu
1306:
1294:. Retrieved
1288:
1264:Tong, 15–16.
1260:
1255:Tong, 19–20.
1224:
1217:
1205:. Retrieved
1201:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1165:
1158:. Retrieved
1150:
1123:. Retrieved
1109:
1081:. Retrieved
1075:
1042:. Retrieved
1036:
989:. Retrieved
983:
948:. Retrieved
944:
934:
922:. Retrieved
918:
894:. Retrieved
887:
858:Street dance
853:Social dance
825:China portal
783:
779:
771:social media
764:
757:
749:
746:
742:Little Apple
727:
714:
709:
705:
690:
680:
641:
634:
599:
595:parking lots
587:
583:Little Apple
571:
564:in Beijing.
556:
554:
525:
519:
480:
472:
469:
456:
450:
434:Gang of Four
431:
426:
418:
409:
407:
401:
390:, many were
369:
361:
319:
315:Song dynasty
310:
284:
282:
273:guangchangwu
272:
269:
261:
255:
253:
236:Little Apple
229:
216:
206:
202:
190:
186:
169:martial arts
161:
152:
136:
125:
118:Song dynasty
111:
89:
65:
61:
55:
2175:Philippines
2160:Netherlands
2150:Middle East
1702:Table dance
1667:Go go dance
1647:Competitive
1151:Youth Times
1113:(Master of
666:borough of
656:Sunset Park
311:Youth Times
295:Emperor Yao
165:parking lot
114:Emperor Yao
2375:Categories
2242:Uzbekistan
2010:Azerbaijan
1919:Musicality
1887:Connection
1844:Postmodern
1814:Historical
1697:Striptease
1692:Pole dance
1642:Ceremonial
1597:slow dance
1426:16 October
1401:16 October
1375:18 October
1364:Yin, Leo.
1207:16 October
1077:World Post
950:16 October
924:25 October
864:References
701:Red Guards
660:Chinatowns
644:Red Square
522:Falun Gong
423:propaganda
415:folk dance
388:capitalism
376:Red Guards
344:began the
342:Mao Zedong
221:Korean War
143:retirement
2247:Venezuela
2210:Sri Lanka
2205:Singapore
2165:Nicaragua
2095:Indonesia
2000:Australia
1869:Technique
1767:formation
1682:Lap dance
1469:March 31,
1440:Tong, 34.
1336:Tong, 21.
1322:March 29,
1296:March 29,
1160:March 27,
1125:March 26,
1117:thesis).
1083:March 30,
1044:March 25,
991:March 30,
896:March 29,
672:ordinance
648:Manchuria
487:high-rise
132:nostalgia
2262:Zimbabwe
2215:Thailand
2140:Malaysia
2125:Kiribati
2035:Cameroon
2030:Cambodia
2020:Bulgaria
1995:Assyrian
1964:national
1959:Regional
1939:Spotting
1934:Sequence
1912:glossary
1859:Two-step
1804:Flamenco
1789:Breaking
1784:Boogaloo
1762:Ballroom
1707:Twerking
1672:Grinding
1657:Ecstatic
1395:BBC News
889:BBC News
797:See also
789:and the
754:Shanghai
732:and the
676:decibels
668:Brooklyn
637:Qingyuan
511:New York
453:ballroom
209:aerobics
198:Changsha
51:Shenzhen
2272:Related
2252:Vietnam
2225:Ukraine
2135:Kurdish
2105:Ireland
2085:Hungary
2075:Georgia
2060:Denmark
2050:Croatia
2015:Belarus
2005:Austria
1990:Armenia
1980:Albania
1944:Turnout
1829:Lyrical
1809:Hip-hop
1652:Concert
1577:Partner
1546:Outline
717:Xuanhua
662:in the
618:shotgun
602:Wenzhou
574:Jiangsu
503:Beijing
499:Xuanhua
404:dancers
279:History
232:waltzes
139:Chinese
56:In the
2220:Turkey
2200:Serbia
2195:Russia
2190:Romani
2180:Poland
2145:Mexico
2110:Israel
2080:Greece
2065:Europe
2040:Canada
1975:Africa
1966:dances
1924:Pointe
1897:Graham
1877:Ballet
1834:Modern
1757:Ballet
1744:Styles
1729:Street
1724:Sacred
1662:Erotic
1634:Social
1622:square
1607:contra
1602:circle
1232:
1155:Yan'an
756:, the
738:Xinhua
652:Taipei
608:laws.
542::
534::
515:Warsaw
457:yangge
427:yangge
419:yangge
411:yangge
402:Yangge
384:Maoism
365:famine
127:yangge
88::
86:pinyin
80::
72::
2155:Nepal
2130:Korea
2120:Japan
2115:Italy
2090:India
2045:China
1949:Turns
1907:Moves
1849:Swing
1839:Polka
1824:Latin
1779:Belly
1772:waltz
1617:round
1541:Index
1530:Dance
791:Zumba
787:salsa
750:Times
683:Xi'an
610:Wuhan
579:video
2170:Peru
2100:Iran
2055:Cuba
1985:Arab
1929:Pole
1819:Jazz
1752:Acro
1714:Folk
1612:line
1572:Solo
1471:2015
1428:2014
1403:2014
1377:2014
1324:2015
1298:2015
1230:ISBN
1209:2014
1162:2015
1127:2013
1085:2015
1046:2015
993:2015
952:2014
926:2014
898:2015
768:CCTV
557:dama
555:The
549:lit.
527:dama
355:the
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213:yoga
158:Form
107:CCTV
97:lit.
1854:Tap
1734:War
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591:BBC
530:s (
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82:廣場舞
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64:or
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