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anti-yakuza laws prohibited the yakuza from making unreasonable demands on businesses and citizens, these ordinances prohibited businesses and citizens from offering benefits to the yakuza. This made it increasingly difficult for the yakuza to raise funds, as fewer businesses and citizens succumbed to the yakuza's threats and offered benefits to the yakuza, such as contracting work or paying money to the yakuza. According to the media, encouraged by tougher anti-yakuza laws and yakuza exclusion ordinances, local governments and construction companies have begun to shun or ban yakuza activities or involvement in their communities or construction projects.
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Operation Summit in 1975. These series of police crackdowns led to a decline in the number of yakuza organizations and members, from 2957 organizations with 123,044 members in 1972 to 2517 organizations with 106,754 members in 1979. As a result, small yakuza organizations were forced to dissolve, and the total number of members decreased, but some members transferred to large yakuza organizations, so the number of members of large organizations actually increased during this period. The three major organizations, Yamaguchi-gumi, Sumiyoshi-kai, and
Inagawa-kai, expanded during this period. During this period, Japan was in a recession following the
469:
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2869:(2008). Tomoharu Ueda, a police officer in a small local post, meets Aki Gotôda, son of the leader of a yakuza clan, in pursuit of an underwear thief. The next morning, Aki shows up at his house to thank him for his help and finds himself making a declaration of love for him. Taken aback, Ueda replies that it is better that they get to know each other, but that's without counting Aki's stubbornness, ready to do anything to achieve his ends.
633:
1131:, or the cutting off of one's finger, is a form of penance or apology. Upon a first offence, the transgressor must cut off the tip of his left little finger and give the severed portion to his boss. Sometimes an underboss may do this in penance to the oyabun if he wants to spare a member of his own gang from further retaliation. This practice has started to wane amongst the younger members, due to it being an easy identifier for police.
2548:. Despite their pariah status, some of their actions may be perceived to have positive effects on society. For example, they stop other criminal organizations from acting in their areas of operation. They have been known to provide relief in times of disaster. These actions have at times painted yakuza in a fairly positive light within Japan. The yakuza also attract membership from traditionally scorned minority groups, such as the
2567:
2842:(2001), drama (2002). A young gang leader, who seems to be too stupid to do his job, misses a big deal because he cannot count correctly, and on the other hand, is practically illiterate. In order to access the succession of the clan, his father then forces him to return to high school, to obtain his diploma. He must not reveal his membership in the yakuza, under penalty of being immediately excluded.
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52:
1514:
2465:
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2759:. The yakuza derive most of their income from a casino, Kenji's, and are currently fighting to keep other gangs from peddling drugs in their territory while seeking to protect their activities from police interference. Towards the end of the third act, the player assassinates the leader of the clan, and the other members are later executed by Colombian gangsters. In
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Companies can now also refuse to open bank accounts, sign mobile phone contracts, credit card contracts, lease real estate, or process various loans for people identified as yakuza under the anti-yakuza laws, making it more difficult for yakuza to live in society. Even companies that provide lifelines have become tough on the yakuza, with
2140:, passed in 1991 and enacted in 1992, was a landmark piece of legislation that cracked down on the yakuza. The law prohibited 27 acts by yakuza, including demanding hush money or donations, collecting debts and conducting land grabbing activities in an unjustified manner. The law also made it illegal to demand and collect so-called
1574:, which mainly targets the elderly to cheat them out of large amounts of money. Their methods include calling the homes of elderly people to beg for money by pretending to be the elderly person's son, or visiting the homes of elderly people posing as employees of financial institutions to swindle them out of their money. In 2014,
2830:(2004). The heiress of a clan becomes a teacher in a difficult high school and is assigned a class of delinquents, the 3-D. She will teach them mathematics, while gradually getting involved in several other levels, going so far as to get her students out of a bad situation by sometimes using her skills as heir to the clan.
2159:, and could arrest offenders who still refused to comply. Until then, the yakuza had charged bouncer fees to restaurants and bars in their territory, especially those open at night, and made various threats, such as ramming dump trucks into businesses that refused, and business owners, fearing reprisals, had paid
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On top of the already staggering anti-yakuza legislation, Japan's younger generation may be less inclined to gang-related activity, as modern society has made it easier especially for young men to gain even semi-legitimate jobs such as ownership in bars and massage parlors and pornography that can be
2216:
terminating contracts if a contractor is discovered to be a yakuza. To prevent yakuza from nominally leaving the organization and signing contracts with companies, these ordinances allow companies to treat a person as a yakuza for five years even if he or she has nominally left the yakuza and become
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has since been incarcerated and forced to pay upwards of 85 million yen in damages of several crimes committed by his gangsters, leading to the yakuza's dismissal of around 2,000 members per year; albeit, some analysts claim that these dismissals are part of the yakuza's collective attempt to regain
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in response to public demands for the yakuza to be banished from society. As a result, crime declined and the number of arrested yakuza fell from about 59,000 in 1964 to 38,000 in 1967. The number of yakuza organizations and members also declined, from 5,216 organizations and 184,091 members in 1963
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if their members take advantage of the gang's influence to do business, are structured to have one leader, and have a large portion of their members hold criminal records. After the Act on
Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members was enacted, many yakuza syndicates made efforts to
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cards with each other, they often remove their shirts or open them up and drape them around their waists. This enables them to display their full-body tattoos to each other. This is one of the few times that yakuza display their tattoos to others, as they normally keep them concealed in public with
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Citizens who take a stronger stance seem to also have taken action that does not lead to violent reactions from the yakuza. In Kyushu, although store owners initially were attacked by gang members, the region has reached stability after local business owners banned known yakuza and posted warnings
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under the employer liability clause on August 24, 2021. Nomura was involved in one murder and assaults of three people. The presiding judge Adachi Ben of the
Fukuoka District Court characterized the murders as extremely vicious attacks. On March 12, 2024, the Fukuoka High Court overturned Nomura's
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enacted by each of Japan's 47 prefectures between 2009 and 2011 also contributed significantly to the decline of the yakuza. Ordinances were enacted in Osaka and Tokyo in 2010 and 2011 to try to combat yakuza influence by making it illegal for any business to do business with the yakuza. While the
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From around 1970, yakuza leaders and executives who had been imprisoned began to be released from prison, and yakuza organizations that had been disbanded during the First
Operation Summit were revived and reorganized, leading the police to conduct the Second Operation Summit in 1970 and the Third
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and
Vietnamese gangs. The yakuza identified these gangs as useful partners due to the constant stream of Vietnamese cafe shoot-outs and home invasion burglaries throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. In New York City, they appear to collect finder's fees from Russian, Irish and Italian gang members
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into the country and smuggling firearms back to Japan. They easily fit into the local population, since many tourists from Japan and other Asian countries visit the islands on a regular basis, and there is a large population of residents who are of full or partial
Japanese descent. They also work
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identified in 2019 exceeded 30 billion yen, and while yakuza accounted for just over 10 percent of the lowest level members of criminal groups, such as cash receivers who play the role of financial institution employees, yakuza accounted for nearly 40 percent of the main perpetrators leading fraud
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As of 2023, Under the Act on
Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members, the Prefectural Public Safety Commissions have registered 25 syndicates as the designated yakuza groups. Three of these organizations have more than 1,000 regular members, eight have more than 100, and 14 have
421:
The yakuza still regularly engage in an array of criminal activities, and many
Japanese citizens remain fearful of the threat these individuals pose to their safety. There remains no strict prohibition on yakuza membership in Japan today, although many pieces of legislation have been passed by the
417:
in Japan that discourage the growth of yakuza membership. In 1991 it had 63,800 members and 27,200 quasi-members, but by 2023 it had only 10,400 members and 10,000 quasi-members. The yakuza are aging because young people do not readily join, and their average age at the end of 2022 was 54.2 years:
1947:
According to a 2006 speech by
Mitsuhiro Suganuma, a former officer of the Public Security Intelligence Agency, around 60 percent of yakuza members come from burakumin, the descendants of a feudal outcast class and approximately 30 percent of them are Japanese-born Koreans, and only 10 percent are
4954:
Around 60% of yakuza members come from burakumin, the descendants of a feudal outcast class, according to a 2006 speech by
Mitsuhiro Suganuma, a former officer of the Public Security Intelligence Agency. He also said that approximately 30% of them are Japanese-born Koreans, and only 10% are from
444:, a game in which the goal is to draw three cards adding up to a score of 9. If the sum of the cards is 10 or more, the second digit is the score. So a sum of 13 is a score of 3, a sum of 14 is a score of 4, etc. A sum of 10 or 20 is a score of 0. If the three cards drawn are 8-9-3 (pronounced
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In addition, these ordinances have made it difficult for yakuza members to lead normal civilian lives. The ordinances also require businesses and citizens to refuse to rent meeting rooms or parking spaces to the yakuza, or to print business cards with the name of yakuza organizations on them.
1500:
The Sumiyoshi-kai is the second-largest yakuza family, with an estimated 2,200 members and 1,300 quasi-members as of 2023. Sumiyoshi-kai is a confederation of smaller yakuza groups. Its current head (会長 kai-cho) is Shūji Ogawa. Structurally, Sumiyoshi-kai differs from its principal rival, the
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outside of Japan, launched in 2005, portrays the actions of several different ranking members of the yakuza, as well as criminal associates such as dirty cops and loan sharks. The series addresses some of the same themes as the yakuza genre of film does, like violence, honor, politics of the
2814:(1983–1984). The story focuses on Kōsaku Sakamoto, a high school student who goes to live with yakuza boss Ibari Ōzora and his four children—Tsugumi, Tsubame, Hibari and Suzume—after the death of his mother. Kōsaku is shocked to learn that Hibari, who looks and behaves as a girl, is male.
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Kobe Yamaguchi-gumi split off from Yamaguchi-gumi in August 2015, Kizuna-kai split off from Kobe Yamaguchi-gumi in April 2017, and Ikeda-gumi split off from Kobe Yamaguchi-gumi in July 2020. These Yamaguchi-gumi and the three organizations that split from them are fighting each other.
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Because of the economic situation during the mid-Edo period and the predominance of the merchant class, developing yakuza groups were composed of misfits and delinquents who had joined or formed the groups to extort customers in local markets by selling fake or shoddy goods.
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period in Japan, the more traditional tekiya/bakuto form of organization declined as the entire population was mobilised to participate in the war effort and society came under the control of the strict military government. However, after the war, the Yakuza adapted again.
1660:. Instead of harassing small businesses, the Yakuza harass a stockholders' meeting of a larger corporation. Yakuza operatives obtain the right to attend by making a small purchase of stock, and then at the meeting physically intimidate other stockholders. The number of
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yakuza group, who are based in the area, mobilized to provide disaster relief services (including the use of a helicopter). Media reports contrasted this rapid response with the much slower pace at which the Japanese government's official relief efforts took place.
1138:. The bottom three fingers of each hand are used to grip the sword tightly, with the thumb and index fingers slightly loose. The removal of digits starting with the little finger and moving up the hand to the index finger progressively weakens a person's sword grip.
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genre (2011–?). Yashiro, a totally depraved masochist, boss of a yakuza clan and the Shinsei finance company, hires Chikara Dômeki, a secretive and not very talkative man, as his bodyguard. While Yashiro would like to take advantage of Dômeki's body, the latter is
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The total number of yakuza members and quasi-members peaked at 184,100 in 1963, and then continued to decline due to police crackdowns. The number of regular members decreased with the implementation of the Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group
2248:
With the addition of the employer liability clause in the 2008 amendment to the Anti-yakuza law, there have been a number of situations in which yakuza bosses have been held liable for crimes committed by members of the yakuza. For example, in a civil case, the
2906:(1990): Hôjô and Asami, childhood friends, have only one goal: to give the Japanese back a taste of life, and to shake up the country. For this, they decide to climb the ladder of power, one in the light, as a politician, the other in the shadows, as yakuza.
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of movies within Japan's film industry, the portrayal of the yakuza mainly manifests in one of two archetypes; they are portrayed as either honorable and respectable men or as criminals who use fear and violence as their means of operation. Movies like
2552:. However, gang wars and the use of violence as a tool have caused their approval to fall with the general public. According to Jake Adelstein, one study found that 1 in 10 adults under the age of 40 believed that the yakuza should be allowed to exist.
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in Japan, are still often "hand-poked", that is, the ink is inserted beneath the skin using non-electrical, hand-made, and handheld tools with needles of sharpened bamboo or steel. The procedure is expensive and painful, and can take years to complete.
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a better reputation amongst the populace. Regardless, the yakuza's culture, too, has shifted towards a more secretive and far less public approach to crime, as many of their traditions have been reduced or erased to avoid being identified as yakuza.
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Prospective yakuza come from all walks of life. The most romantic tales tell how yakuza accept sons who have been abandoned or exiled by their parents. Many yakuza start out in junior high school or high school as common street thugs or members of
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The Inagawa-kai is the third-largest yakuza family in Japan, with roughly 1,700 members and 1,200 quasi-members as of 2023. It is based in the Tokyo-Yokohama area and was one of the first yakuza families to expand its operations outside of Japan.
583:(gamblers) had a much lower social standing even than traders, as gambling was illegal. Many small gambling houses cropped up in abandoned temples or shrines at the edges of towns and villages all over Japan. Most of these gambling houses ran
2120:, and it became difficult for the yakuza to acquire sufficient financial resources through traditional methods alone, so it was inevitable that they would consolidate into large yakuza organizations with diverse or legal sources of funding.
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committed by members of Sumiyoshi-kai under the employer liability article of the Anti-yakuza law in 2021. As a result, Sumiyoshi-kai paid 652 million yen to the victims, 35 million yen more than the amount of damages. In criminal cases,
609:(1820–1893) is Japan's most famous yakuza and folk hero. He was born Chogoro Yamamoto, but changed his name when he was adopted, a common Japanese practice. His life and exploits were featured in sixteen films between 1911 and 1940.
1304:, to death for murder and attempted murder. This was the first death sentence handed down to a designated yakuza head. Kudo-kai is the only one of the designated yakuza to be designated as a especially dangerous designated yakuza
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and the yakuza's financial resources were lost. In 1991, the yakuza had 63,800 members, but by 1992, when the new law took effect, the number had dropped sharply to about 56,600, then to about 48,000 in 1994 and 43,100 in 2001.
2914:(1999): Tatsumi Karasawa is the owner of a club in Tokyo who plans to expand his business. He gives a hard time not only to the police but also to the yakuza, of which he manages, however, to rally a certain number at his side.
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The name refers to an unlucky hand at cards—yakuza means "eight-nine-three"—and bluffing has always been part of the image. Many gangsters are Korean-Japanese or members of other minority groups that traditionally have been
1922:
Yakuza groups also have a presence in North Korea; in 2009, yakuza Yoshiaki Sawada was released from a North Korean prison after spending five years there attempting to bribe a North Korean official and smuggle drugs.
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among the designated yakuza. These six organizations have a total of 7,700 members and 6,800 quasi-members, for a total of 14,500 members, or 71.1 percent of the total 20,400 yakuza members and quasi-members in Japan.
2244:
The number of yakuza members and quasi-members fell by about 70 percent in the 30 years between 1990, before the anti-yakuza law, and 2020, after the anti-yakuza laws and the yakuza exclusion ordinances took effect.
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during the Edo period. As they began to form organizations of their own, they took over some administrative duties relating to commerce, such as stall allocation and protection of their commercial activities. During
6512:
620:. Although the modern Yakuza has diversified, some gangs still identify with one group or the other; for example, a gang whose primary source of income is illegal gambling may refer to themselves as
2922:(2014): Nisekoi follows high school students Raku Ichijo, the son of a leader in the yakuza faction Shuei-gumi, and Chitoge Kirisaki, the daughter of a boss in a rival gang known as Muchi-Konkai.
2056:
Japanese-born people of Korean ancestry who retain South Korean nationality are considered resident aliens and are embraced by the yakuza precisely because they fit the group's "outsider" image.
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features a mission set in Japan that sees Agent 47 assassinating the son of a wealthy arms dealer during his dinner meeting with a yakuza boss at his private estate. A mission in the 2016 game,
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5.4% in their 20s, 12.9% in their 30s, 26.3% in their 40s, 30.8% in their 50s, 12.5% in their 60s, and 11.6% in their 70s or older, with more than half of the members in their 50s or older.
2171:
Additional regulations can be found in a 2008 anti-yakuza amendment which allows prosecutors to place the blame on any yakuza-related crime on crime bosses. Specifically, the leader of the
413:. In 1963, the number of yakuza members and quasi-members reached a peak of 184,100. However, this number has drastically dropped, a decline attributed to changing market opportunities and
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1627:
Yakuza trick girls from impoverished villages into coming to Japan by promising them respectable jobs with good wages. Instead, they are forced into becoming sex workers and strippers.
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on 11 March 2011, the yakuza sent hundreds of trucks filled with food, water, blankets, and sanitary accessories to aid the people in the affected areas of the natural disaster.
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Yakuza organizations also face pressure from the US government; in 2011, a federal executive order required financial institutions to freeze yakuza assets, and as of 2013, the
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gangs. Perhaps because of its lower socio-economic status, numerous yakuza members come from burakumin and ethnic Korean backgrounds. Low-ranking youth may be referred to as
1769:
The presence of individuals affiliated with the yakuza in the United States has increased tremendously since the 1960s, and although much of their activity is concentrated in
1452:
The Yamaguchi-gumi is the largest yakuza family, accounting for 30% of all yakuza in Japan, with 3,500 members and 3,800 quasi-members as of 2023. From its headquarters in
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Sawada, Yasuyuki; Shimizutani, Satoshi (March 2008). "How Do People Cope with Natural Disasters? Evidence from the Great Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake in 1995".
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1679:. Jiageya specializes in inducing holders of small real estate to sell their property so that estate companies can carry out much larger development plans. The
985:, they are generally older and have higher nominal positions but relatively little real authority. In the Yamaguchi-gumi pecking order as of 2024, the order is
4892:
The First European Description of Japan, 1585: A Critical English-Language Edition of Striking Contrasts in the Customs of Europe and Japan by Luis Frois, S.J.
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to 3,500 organizations and 139,089 members in 1969. As a result, 1963, the year before the First Operation Summit was launched, was the peak of yakuza power.
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2155:
from downtown restaurants and bars, which were the yakuza's main source of funding. Police could issue two cease-and-desist orders to offenders who demanded
2607:
portray some of the members as violent criminals, with the focus being on the violence, while other movies focus more on the "business" side of the yakuza.
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businesses for clients, and they usually maintained their own security personnel. Society at large regarded the gambling houses themselves, as well as the
4143:
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of the 1980s is often blamed on real estate speculation by banking subsidiaries. After the collapse of the property bubble, a manager of a major bank in
762:
is made up of five or six layered organizations. In other words, the heads of subsidiary organizations are often executives of the parent organizations.
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2045:
are also Koreans. The Korean significance had been an untouchable taboo in Japan and one of the reasons that the Japanese version of Kaplan and Dubro's
2015:
make up only 0.5% of the Japanese population, they are a prominent part of yakuza because they suffer discrimination in Japanese society along with the
1165:
long-sleeved and high-necked shirts. When new members join, they are often required to remove their trousers as well and reveal any lower body tattoos.
488:
Despite uncertainty about the single origin of yakuza organizations, most modern yakuza derive from two social classifications which emerged in the mid-
1110:
1077:. The yakuza is populated almost entirely by men and the very few women who are acknowledged are the wives of bosses, who are referred to by the title
6666:
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said that although the yakuza operates through extortion and other violent methods, they " swiftly and quietly to provide aid to those most in need."
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since the 1960s; they are working there to develop sex tourism and drug trafficking. This is the area where they are still the most active today.
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1606:, are heavily involved in it. The most common charge for yakuza and their associates arrested in 2014 was violation of the Stimulants Control Act
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The idea is that a person with a weak sword grip then has to rely more on the group for protection—reducing individual action. In recent years,
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530:, these peddlers opened stalls and some members were hired to act as security. Each peddler paid rent in exchange for a stall assignment and
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2885:(2021). A taxi driver becomes entangled in the rivalry of competing kobun and uses his position to undermine the local yakuza organization.
2616:, a satirical view of yakuza activities, resulted in retaliation against the director, as real-life yakuza gangsters attacked the director
1460:, also known as Kenichi Shinoda, is the Yamaguchi-gumi's current oyabun. He follows an expansionist policy and has increased operations in
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3911:
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Baradel, Martina (2 January 2021). "Yakuza Grey: The Shrinking of the Il/legal Nexus and its Repercussions on Japanese Organised Crime".
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have hastened a decline in yakuza membership. The number of yakuza members and quasi-members fell from 78,600 in 2010 to 25,900 in 2020.
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in the United States, in return for information of Yamaguchi-gumi operations in the US. This was done without prior consultation of the
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1616:, which prohibits the import, export, sale, transfer, possession, and use of methamphetamine, accounting for 26.5 percent of arrests.
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5656:"Reposted: The high price of writing about anti-social forces – and those who pay. 猪狩先生を弔う日々 : Japan Subculture Research Center"
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Since 2011, regulations outlawing business with yakuza members, government-ordered audits of yakuza finances, and the enactment of
1470:, the "Godfather of all Godfathers", who was responsible for the syndicate's massive growth and success during the 20th century.
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2691:, which features a character whose life is put in danger after he comes under suspicion for a murder tied to the yakuza. The 2022
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in archaic Japanese), the sum is 20 and therefore the score is zero, making one of the worst possible hands that can be drawn. In
3879:
2792:, set at a secluded mountaintop hospital, features a notorious yakuza lawyer and fixer as one of two targets to be assassinated.
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in all 47 prefectures around 2010. Between 1990 and 2020, the total number of members and quasi-members decreased by 70 percent.
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was developed where loyalty and respect are a way of life. The oyabun-kobun relationship is formalized by ceremonial sharing of
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5503:"Citizens battle Kudo-kai yakuza gang to take back their streets | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis"
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Between 1964 and 1965, the Japanese police carried out mass arrests of yakuza leaders and executives in what they called the
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The National Police Agency reported that Japanese yakuza organizations had 10,400 members and 10,000 quasi-members in 2023.
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1865:. The journalist who uncovered the deal received threats from Goto and was given police protection in the US and in Japan.
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accounted for 10.4 percent of all yakuza arrests, surpassing theft for the first time at 10.2 percent, and 34.6 percent of
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and Hirofumi Hashimoto (1947–) the founder of the Kyokushinrengo-kai (affiliated with Yamaguchi-gumi, dissolved in 2019).
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was assassinated, prompting much speculation about the banking industry's indirect connection to the Japanese underworld.
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manufactured in the US account for a large share (33%) of handguns seized in Japan, followed by handguns manufactured in
394:, or amputation of the left little finger. Members are often portrayed as males with heavily tattooed bodies and wearing
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syndicates, and the social status of the yakuza in Japan. The series has been successful, spawning sequels, spin-offs,
691:
During the formation of the yakuza, they adopted the traditional Japanese hierarchical structure of oyabun-kobun where
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Large yakuza organizations have a multi-layered structure, with executives and members running their own organizations.
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from a single cup. This ritual is not exclusive to the yakuza – it is also commonly performed in traditional Japanese
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1456:, it directs criminal activities throughout Japan. It is also involved in operations in Asia and the United States.
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in 1992, and the total number of members and quasi-members began to decline rapidly with the implementation of the
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more profitable than gang affiliation all while protecting themselves by abiding by the strict anti-yakuza laws.
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859:
Although positions in yakuza organizations vary from clan to clan, the three most important yakuza positions are
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area was considered by some scholars and political watchers as one of the first renowned modern yakuza. Recently
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1972:, mainly those people with occupations which are considered tainted because they are associated with death or
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was arrested in late 2010. In December 2010, police arrested Yamaguchi-gumi's alleged number three leader,
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is a group that Japanese society socially discriminates against, and its recorded history goes back to the
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and Kunio Inoue, the bosses of the two most powerful clans in the Yamaguchi-gumi, originate from Kyushu.
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Joy, Alicia. "A Brief History of the Yakuza Organization". Culture Trip. Last modified 31 October 2016.
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1509:. The chain of command is more relaxed, and its leadership is distributed among several other members.
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death sentence and downgraded it to life imprisonment. The High Court found him not guilty of murder.
1805:. The yakuza are said to use Hawaii as a midway station between Japan and mainland America, smuggling
1028:(senior-junior) model. Members of yakuza cut their real family ties and transfer their loyalty to the
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The structure of yakuza organizations is characterized by a multi-layered hierarchical structure. The
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has knowledge of more than 50 listed companies with ties to organized crime, and in March 2008, the
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In recent years, the three major yakuza syndicates have formed a loose alliance, and in April 2023,
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Raz, Jacob. "Insider Outsider: The Way of the Yakuza." Kyoto Journal. Last modified 17 April 2011.
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had frozen about US$ 55,000 of yakuza holdings, including two Japan-issued American Express cards.
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and businessmen for guiding Japanese tourists to gambling establishments, both legal and illegal.
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East Asian Intelligence and Organised Crime. China – Japan – North Korea – South Korea – Mongolia
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where they often ride the shrine through the streets proudly showing off their elaborate tattoos.
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A yakuza with a dragon tattoo is running to help his comrade, who is fighting against the police.
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Siniawer, E. M. (1 March 2012). "Befitting Bedfellows: Yakuza and the State in Modern Japan".
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suspects that the yakuza were using various operations to launder money in the US as of 2008.
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Varied, including illegitimate businesses, an array of criminal and non-criminal activities.
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Yakuza films have also been popular in the Western market with films such as the 1975 film
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has the largest number of designated yakuza groups among all of the prefectures, at 5; the
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https://theculturetrip.com/asia/japan/articles/a-brief-history-of-the-yakuza-organization/
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The yakuza have been in media and culture in many different fashions. Creating its own
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4175:"Police of Japan 2011, Criminal Investigation : 2. Fight Against Organized Crime"
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as surrogate children. During the Edo period, the government formally recognized the
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2183:, Japanese police began to crack down on the gangs. Yamaguchi-gumi's number two and
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Yakuza also had ties to the Japanese real estate market and banking sector through
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ritual sharing of sake to form a binding relationship; rooted in Shinto tradition
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The yakuza and its affiliated gangs control drug trafficking in Japan, especially
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4508:"The Yakuza, the Japanese Mafia – The Crime Library – Crime Library on truTV.com"
4254:"Criminalizing Yakuza Membership: A Comparative Study of the Anti-Boryokudan Law"
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explores the dealings of the yakuza from the perspective of an American reporter
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In California, the yakuza have made alliances with local Korean gangs as well as
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3773:"Fukuoka to offer financial help for gangsters trying to leave crime syndicates"
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with local gangs, funneling Japanese tourists to gambling parlors and brothels.
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and run their own subsidiary organizations. A large yakuza organization such as
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1020:. In this respect, the organization is a variation of the traditional Japanese
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5182:"21st-Century Yakuza: Recent Trends in Organized Crime in Japan ~Part 1 21 ――"
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1981:
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In the 2010s and 2020s, the yakuza's main source of funding is a fraud called
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Bruno, A. (2007). "The Yakuza, the Japanese Mafia" CrimeLibrary: Time Warner
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4823:
4726:"La mafia japonesa de los 'yakuza' envía alimentos a las víctimas del sismo"
4008:【六代目山口組の餅つきに密着】参加者は「PCR検査必須」、会場はさながら高級ブランドのファッションショー、高山若頭は50万超のフランス製ダウンジャケット
3328:"Yubitsume: ritualistic self-amputation of proximal digits among the Yakuza"
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2213:
2017:
1957:
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aimed at impeding revenue and increasing liability for criminal activities.
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6014:
Blood Ties: Yakuza Daughter Lifts Lid on Hidden Hell of Gangsters' families
4652:"Quake in Japan: Gangsters; Gang in Kobe Organizes Aid for People in Quake"
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2954:
behind-the-scenes fixer, godfather, or power broker (lit. "black curtain")
1513:
1239:
under the Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members
577:
status, meaning they were allowed the dignity of a surname and two swords.
4806:[The criminal services market in Japan. The Yakuza and the State]
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1968:
of outcast communities which originated in the pre-modern, especially the
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5983:
5481:"Japanese high court overturns death sentence against yakuza gang leader"
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decided to review all listed companies and expel those with yakuza ties.
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5022:"Japan's Invisible Minority: Better Off Than in Past, but StillOutcasts"
4942:
3054:
ritual cutting of the joint of the little finger to atone for a mistake
1464:(which has not traditionally been the territory of the Yamaguchi-gumi.)
1145:
fingertips have been developed to disguise this distinctive appearance.
384:
The yakuza are known for their strict codes of conduct, their organized
17:
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6145:
3127:
3107:
2918:
2818:
2692:
2387: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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weddings, and may have been a part of sworn brotherhood relationships.
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3326:
Bosmia, Anand N.; Griessenauer, Christoph J.; Tubbs, R. Shane (2014).
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or, in more recent years, a Western-style "sharp" suit covering them.
6694:
5860:
Sho Fumimura (Writer), Ryoichi Ikegami (Artist). (Series 1993–1997) "
4226:"Boryokudan Comprehensive Measures – The Condition of the Boryokudan"
3122:
2679:
The yakuza feature prominently in the 2015 American dystopian series
2128:
The Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members
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1908:
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1703:
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perpetrators were yakuza and their associates. The total damage from
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6004:
FBI What We Investigate – Asian Transnational Organized Crime Groups
2493:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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has decreased over the years, and in 2023 there were only about 150
4199:"Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members"
1887:
In addition to their presence in Southeast Asian countries such as
5793:
Toppamono: Outlaw. Radical. Suspect. My Life in Japan's Underworld
5216:), "Yakuza served notice days of looking the other way are over,"
4920:
4850:
Yakuza returns after five years in North Korea jail on drug charge
4804:"Le marché des services criminels au Japon. Les yakuzas et l'État"
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1999:
and Alec Dubro, burakumin account for about 70% of the members of
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1733:, with them backing those who share in their opinions or beliefs.
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1629:
1461:
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1025:
682:
631:
475:
467:
378:
92:
3771:
High concentration of, Yakuza within Fukuoka (20 February 2018).
3637:(25th Anniversary ed.). the University of California Press.
3470:
Shikata, Ko (October 2006). "Yakuza – organized crime in Japan".
1842:
that cost $ 275 in the US could sell for up to $ 4,000 in Tokyo.
1642:
has historically been known as a popular yakuza hangout in Tokyo.
666:, the northernmost part of the island, has the largest number of
4211:
The Fukuoka Prefectural Center for the Elimination of Boryokudan
4044:
3417:
Hill, Peter (February 2004). "The Changing Face of the Yakuza".
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1729:
Yakuza involvement in politics functions similarly to that of a
1453:
722:
385:
6494:
6043:
2778:, the yakuza are mentioned, presumably operating in Vice City.
2755:
in the second and third act after they cut their ties with the
2031:
suggested Koreans composed 10% of the yakuza proper and 70% of
405:
At their height, the yakuza maintained a large presence in the
5117:"White Paper on Crime 1989 4 広域化・寡占化による再編の時代(昭和40年代後半~50年代前半)"
4943:"Capital punishment – Japan's Yakuza Vie for Control of Tokyo"
4285:
4148:
2458:
2356:
2315:
1869:
5429:"Yakuza boss is first ever to be sentenced to death in Japan"
3856:(in Japanese). President Online. 19 June 2013. Archived from
414:
267:
243:
5274:
Average Joe could be collateral damage in war against yakuza
4969:
Yakuza: The Explosive Account of Japan's Criminal Underworld
4247:
4245:
3610:
Yakuza: The Explosive Account of Japan's Criminal Underworld
3549:
Yakuza: The Explosive Account of Japan's Criminal Underworld
3024:
nightclubs, bars, restaurants, etc. (lit. "water business")
2079:, Shinichi Matsuyama (1927–) the head of the 5th-generation
799:, the person corresponding to pseudo younger brother of the
388:
nature, and several unconventional ritual practices such as
4919:. The Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan. Archived from
4105:"「億単位のカネが簡単に集まった」暴対法から約30年…指定暴力団の幹部が明かす「バブル時代の暴力団のヤバすぎる実態」"
3661:. National Diet Library, Japan. 22 May 2007. Archived from
1232:
is a "particularly harmful" yakuza group registered by the
273:
249:
234:
111:; also internationally in, South Korea, Australia, and the
6008:
5380:"Yakuza Bosses Whacked by Regulators Freezing AmEx Cards"
541:
were a highly structured and hierarchical group with the
261:
258:
231:
1845:
In 2001, the FBI's representative in Tokyo arranged for
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restructure to appear more professional and legitimate.
5775:
The Japanese Way of Justice: Prosecuting Crime in Japan
5085:"White Paper on Crime 1989 3 頂上作戦とその影響(昭和30年代末~40年代前半)"
3678:
The Japanese way of justice: prosecuting crime in Japan
2482:
2163:, but the new law resulted in more businesses refusing
1948:
from non-burakumin Japanese and Chinese ethnic groups.
1646:
Yakuza frequently engaged in a unique form of Japanese
1466:
One of the best-known bosses of the Yamaguchi-gumi was
1134:
Its origin stems from the traditional way of holding a
5630:"Yakuza: Kind-hearted criminals or monsters in suits?"
4070:"The Yakuza: Inside Japan's murky criminal underworld"
2897:
are located in the middle of the Japanese underworld:
1667:
1661:
1328:
As of 2023, the National Police Agency has designated
818:, and the person corresponding to pseudo child of the
5824:
Confessions of a Yakuza: A Life in Japan's Underworld
5153:
National Center for Removal of Criminal Organizations
4917:"Mitsuhiro Suganuma, "Japan's Intelligence Services""
3916:(in Japanese). National police Agency. Archived from
3828:(in Japanese). National police Agency. Archived from
3193:
2685:. They are also the basis for the 2019 BBC TV Series
2075:, Jiro Kiyota (1940–) the head of the 5th-generation
1296:
In August 2021, the Fukuoka District Court sentenced
270:
264:
246:
240:
6035:
Yakuza: Kind-Hearted Criminals or Monsters in Suits?
5586:
Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law
4694:
4692:
4482:"HumanTrafficking.org, "Human Trafficking in Japan""
4091:, Series 2, Episode 3, first aired 21 September 2006
3680:. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.
2772:, the yakuza play a major role in the storyline. In
2719:
and yakuza culture are synonymous with one another.
1672:, of whom 30 worked in groups and 120 worked alone.
1619:
Some yakuza groups are known to deal extensively in
1148:
Many yakuza have full-body tattoos (including their
750:
and run their own subsidiary organizations, and the
695:(子分; lit. foster child) owe their allegiance to the
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5528:"The Yakuza's Impact On Japanese Society | ipl.org"
5348:"暴力団から足を洗って5年以上なのに、どうして銀行口座つくれないの? 元組員が「不合理な差別」と提訴"
5061:
Kaplan and Dubro (2003) Preface to the new edition.
3941:【続・山口組分裂の深層】ヤクザ組織を支える「直参制度」 若頭、舎弟が意味するものとは (1/2ページ)
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438:originates from the traditional Japanese card game
255:
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83:
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5582:"Yakuza: The Warlords of Japanese Organized Crime"
4567:
3596:https://kyotojournal.org/society/insider-outsider/
3379:. Vol. 390, no. 8620. 28 February 2009.
3143:List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates
1694:Yakuza often take part in local festivals such as
557:was often regarded as a surrogate father, and the
4955:non-burakumin Japanese and Chinese ethnic groups.
4043:(in Japanese). Shokugyou datebase. Archived from
3659:"Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures"
1988:. They traditionally lived in their own secluded
1880:The yakuza have engaged in illegal activities in
1324:Three largest syndicates and six major syndicates
876:, second-in-command and pseudo eldest son of the
646:island (and particularly its northern prefecture
6679:Revolutionary Forces of the G9 Family and Allies
4298:六代目山口組髙山清司若頭、住吉会&稲川会トップと"ヤクザサミット"開催 緊張感漂う内部写真公開.
950:, are also important positions. In general, the
508:, those who were involved in or participated in
4999:. University of California Press. p. 133.
4990:
4988:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4701:"Japanese Yakuza Aid Earthquake Relief Efforts"
4258:Washington University Global Studies Law Review
4001:
3999:
2288:
2258:
2141:
2097:
1720:Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission
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1357:
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573:were appointed as supervisors and granted near-
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318:
317:and media (by request of the police) call them
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197:
5760:The Japanese Mafia: Yakuza, Law, and the State
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2282:
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27:Members of organized crime syndicates in Japan
7057:Organizations established in the 17th century
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6055:
5941:Yakuza Moon: Memoirs of a Gangster's Daughter
3465:
3463:
2021:. In the early 1990s, 18 of 90 top bosses of
1032:. They refer to each other as family members—
8:
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1656:. In essence, this is a specialized form of
1594:. While many yakuza syndicates, notably the
1016:) who gives orders to his subordinates, the
754:of the subsidiary organizations also become
42:
7102:Organized crime groups in the United States
7067:Secret societies related to organized crime
6993:Organized crime groups in the United States
4868:. Princeton University Press. p. 308.
3004:loan sharks (lit. "salary man financiers")
2350:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1964:in the 11th century. The burakumin are the
6513:
6499:
6491:
6062:
6048:
6040:
4099:
4097:
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4062:
2059:Notable yakuza of Korean ancestry include
1255:enacted in 1991. Groups are designated as
769:of the organization is generally called a
667:
50:
5020:Kristof, Nicholas D. (30 November 1995).
4560:"US clamps down on Japanese Yakuza mafia"
4374:暴力団の主たる資金源「特殊詐欺」にオドロキ判決 背景に「警察」「民暴弁護士」の活躍
3799:"The Yakuza – Oyabun-Kobun, Father-Child"
3351:
2544:The yakuza have had mixed relations with
2527:Learn how and when to remove this message
2509:Learn how and when to remove this message
2447:Learn how and when to remove this message
2203:In addition to the anti-yakuza laws, the
2003:, the largest yakuza syndicate in Japan.
1602:, some other yakuza syndicates, like the
612:The roots of the yakuza survive today in
5042:"Boryokudan Situation in the Early 2007"
4865:Aspects of Social Change in Modern Japan
4318:. The editors of Encyclopedia Britannica
2930:
2826:(2000), drama (2002, 2005 and 2008) and
2751:features a yakuza clan that assists the
2308:against yakuza entering their premises.
2087:Law enforcement and indirect enforcement
1421:
654:. Isokichi Yoshida (1867–1936) from the
5554:"5 Things to Know About Japan's Yakuza"
3400:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3332:Journal of Injury and Violence Research
3231:"Japanese Organised Crime in Australia"
3222:
3200:
2620:shortly after the release of the film.
2260:
2179:Beginning in 2009, led by agency chief
981:are the pseudo-younger brothers of the
895:, pseudo oldest younger brother of the
708:. In a much later period, the code of
639:island, a source of many yakuza members
6792:United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia
6780:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
5552:Martin, Alexander (30 November 1999).
5293:Anti-Yakuza Laws are Taking their Toll
4995:Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (2003).
4777:Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (2003).
4583:Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (2012).
3633:Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (2012).
2769:Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories
377:, meaning an individual involved in a
369:. The English equivalent for the term
71:(presumed to have originated from the
41:
7127:Anti-communist organizations in Japan
5821:Saga, Junichi., Bester, John. (1991)
5580:Gragert, Lt. Bruce (25 August 2010).
5186:The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus
3258:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3240:
2041:. Some of the representatives of the
1992:and villages away from other groups.
616:, which incorporate tekiya or bakuto
415:several legal and social developments
362:
336:
302:
217:
7:
7052:17th-century establishments in Japan
4967:Dubro, A.; Kaplan, David E. (1986).
4671:Journal of Money, Credit and Banking
4650:Sterngold, James (22 January 1995),
3608:Dubro, A.; Kaplan, David E. (1986).
3547:Dubro, A.; Kaplan, David E. (1986).
2385:adding citations to reliable sources
2279:became the first "designated yakuza"
1090:. When the 3rd Yamaguchi-gumi boss (
5743:Kaplan, David, Dubro Alec. (2003).
5728:Kaplan, David, Dubro Alec. (1986).
5682:"Serie –Twittering birds never fly"
5250:. 30 September 2021. Archived from
4997:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
4862:Ronald Philip Dore (8 March 2015).
4779:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
4585:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
3973:「やっぱり殺られてしもうたか…」 神戸山口組幹部・死へのカウントダウン
3635:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
3472:Journal of Money Laundering Control
1710:(a well-known yakuza group) bought
1320:, a more dangerous type of yakuza.
1180:Number of members and quasi-members
343:, while the yakuza call themselves
5242:"「早くやめておけば」あえぐ組員、強まる排除 「暴排」条例の10年"
4781:. University of California Press.
4587:. University of California Press.
4312:"Taoka Kazuo, Japanese crime boss"
3275:. pp. 2–6, 26. Archived from
2796:Manga, anime and television dramas
2598:Battles Without Honor and Humanity
1736:
25:
5864:" Viz Communications Inc (Vol 1:
5612:"Where Have Japan's Yakuza Gone?"
4699:Adelstein, Jake (18 March 2011).
4406:特殊詐欺に暴力団関与 「主犯」の半数 組織の資金源か 警察庁まとめ
4381:. 18 October 2020. Archived from
4252:Reilly, Edward (1 January 2014).
3980:. 27 October 2020. Archived from
3551:. Da Capo Press. pp. 18–21.
3505:Hessler, Peter (2 January 2012).
3044:peddlers, street stall operators
2331:This section has multiple issues.
965:of an organization is run by the
6652:Organized crime groups in Canada
5980:The Secret Lives of Yakuza Women
5747:University of California Press (
5457:. 24 August 2021. Archived from
5050:Bōryokudan#Designated bōryokudan
4683:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00122.x
4522:"Organized Crime Situation 2023"
3452:暴力団勢力、2万2400人 18年連続減少 組員、平均年齢上昇.
3375:"Feeling the heat; The yakuza".
3264:"Organized Crime Situation 2023"
3203:
2463:
2361:
2320:
1899:, yakuza groups also operate in
1539:
1512:
1474:
518:(peddlers) ranked as one of the
227:
7097:Organized crime groups in Japan
5321:. 28 March 2023. Archived from
5315:"元暴5年条項とは?定義や反社会的勢力排除に必要な理由を解説"
4889:Luis Frois SJ (14 March 2014).
4413:. 28 March 2019. Archived from
4349:. 12 March 2015. Archived from
4342:暴力団、資金源を特殊詐欺にシフト 14年の摘発2337人と最多
4300:Yahoo Japan News. 13 April 2023
4113:. 30 March 2023. Archived from
2372:needs additional citations for
2339:or discuss these issues on the
2071:the head of the 4th-generation
2029:Japanese National Police Agency
1315:Tokutei Kiken Shitei Bōryokudan
1004:Yakuza groups are headed by an
748:(family head and pseudo parent)
309:, are members of transnational
87:Primarily Japan, particularly,
6883:Independent Cartel of Acapulco
5992:101 East – Battling the Yakuza
5806:Seymour, Christopher. (1996).
5713:Blancke, Stephan. ed. (2015).
5404:. 19 June 2021. Archived from
5072:The Yakuza, the Japanese Mafia
3881:駅に初詣、出所…山口組司忍組長ら暴力団が報道写真に納まるワケ
3074:underling (lit. "child role")
1505:, in that it functions like a
670:among all of the prefectures.
502:, stolen or shoddy goods; and
498:, those who primarily peddled
358:, "chivalrous organizations",
1:
7092:Transnational organized crime
6888:Jalisco New Generation Cartel
6341:Secret societies in Singapore
4802:Bouissou, Jean-Marie (1999).
3888:. 2 July 2022. Archived from
3715:10.1080/17440572.2020.1813114
3612:. Da Capo Press. p. 22.
3407:National Police Agency. 1999.
1755:Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
1075:, elder and younger brothers)
381:-like criminal organization.
7087:Organized crime by ethnicity
4283:工藤会と"91人の証言者" 暴力団トップ死刑判決の内幕.
1716:Tokyo Kyuko Electric Railway
6621:Primeiro Comando da Capital
6079:China, Hong Kong, and Macau
5717:Berlin: Verlag Dr. Köster (
5427:RJ Endra (24 August 2021).
5398:"住吉会トップら6億円超支払う 詐欺被害上回る和解金"
5122:Ministry of Justice (Japan)
5090:Ministry of Justice (Japan)
5074:. CrimeLibrary: Time Warner
4734:(in Spanish). 25 March 2011
4533:. p. 7. Archived from
4040:ヤクザの役職・階級一覧|組織図や年収、序列を明解に解説
3431:10.1080/1744057042000297007
3183:Yakuza exclusion ordinances
2775:Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
2489:the claims made and adding
2289:
2259:
2222:yakuza exclusion ordinances
2205:Yakuza exclusion ordinances
2199:Yakuza exclusion ordinances
2142:
2098:
1737:Yakuza's aid in earthquakes
1702:In 1989, Susumu Ishii, the
1668:
1662:
1561:
1419:, held a social gathering.
1387:(second-in-command) of the
1358:
1314:
1257:
1249:
1226:
1199:yakuza exclusion ordinances
1152:). These tattoos, known as
1064:
1049:
1034:
952:
937:
918:
903:
884:
865:
843:
828:
805:
786:
771:
743:
734:
674:Organization and activities
565:. At this time, within the
345:
319:
285:
198:
73:
7143:
6829:Beltrán-Leyva Organization
6030:Yakuza: The Japanese Mafia
5845:Sterling, Claire. (1994).
5773:Johnson, David T. (2001).
4950:Jane's Intelligence Review
4852:2009-01-16 The Japan Times
4456:Ministry of Justice, Japan
4310:Britannica, Encyclopedia.
3676:Johnson, David T. (2002).
2964:boss (lit. "parent role")
2927:Yakuza-related terminology
2847:Twittering Birds Never Fly
2682:The Man in the High Castle
2559:
2118:energy crisis of the 1970s
1172:
741:of an organization become
313:originating in Japan. The
311:organized crime syndicates
29:
7062:Japanese secret societies
7021:
6920:Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel
6596:Brazilian police militias
6026:; CBS News, 17 April 2007
5830:Schilling, Mark. (2003).
5777:Oxford University Press (
5762:Oxford University Press (
5758:Hill, Peter B.E. (2003).
4763:11 September 2008 at the
3738:Journal of Social History
3484:10.1108/13685200610707653
2783:Hitman 2: Silent Assassin
2283:
2268:
2132:
2109:, First Operation Summit)
2105:
2027:were ethnic Koreans. The
1724:Osaka Securities Exchange
1610:
1568:
1527:
1492:
1444:
1365:
1308:
1243:
1237:Public Safety Commissions
1220:
1189:
1175:List of Yakuza syndicates
1084:
1071:
1056:
1041:
959:
944:
925:
910:
891:
872:
850:
835:
812:
793:
778:
715:
702:
595:; this includes the name
354:
328:
294:
210:
49:
6733:Libertadores del Vichada
6024:Japanese Mayor Shot Dead
5810:Atlantic Monthly Press (
5745:Yakuza: Expanded Edition
5451:"捜査幹部「画期的な判決」 他の暴力団に影響も"
5282:, 16 October 2011, p. 9.
5222:, 26 January 2011, p. 3.
5048:, 2007, p. 22. See also
4614:This Mob Is Big in Japan
4450:
4405:
4373:
4341:
4144:"30年で構成員7割減…令和時代 暴力団はいま"
4039:
4007:
3972:
3940:
3912:
3880:
3852:
3824:
3537:. Kotobank (in Japanese)
2234:U.S. Treasury Department
1849:, the head of the group
411:operated internationally
6748:Muerte a Secuestradores
5943:Kodansha International
5559:The Wall Street Journal
4895:Routledge. p. 36.
4836:Jean-François Gayraud,
4824:10.3406/criti.1999.1602
4812:Critique Internationale
4204:19 January 2012 at the
2099:Daiichiji chōjō sakusen
1681:Japanese bubble economy
456:is commonly written in
364:[ɲiŋkʲoːdantai]
32:Yakuza (disambiguation)
7122:Gangs in San Francisco
7117:Gangs in New York City
6905:Knights Templar Cartel
6760:Norte del Valle Cartel
6524:groups in the Americas
6228:Hai San Secret Society
5849:Simon & Schuster (
5046:National Police Agency
4840:, édition 2008, p. 104
4530:National Police Agency
4451:Stimulants Control Act
4435:Vorobyov, Niko (2019)
4187:National Police Agency
4180:10 August 2011 at the
3775:. www.japantimes.co.jp
3578:1 October 2018 at the
3272:National Police Agency
2727:The video game series
2587:
2134:暴力団員による不当な行為の防止等に関する法律
1779:San Francisco Bay Area
1699:
1643:
1369:, major organizations)
1191:暴力団員による不当な行為の防止等に関する法律
1125:, also referred to as
1119:
688:
640:
545:(boss) at the top and
485:
473:
338:[boːɾʲokɯꜜdaɴ]
298:, "the extreme path",
6851:La Familia Michoacana
6631:Terceiro Comando Puro
6458:Đồng Xuân Labor Union
6019:Crime Library: Yakuza
5939:Tendo, Shoko (2007).
5832:The Yakuza Movie Book
5301:, 4 March 2012, p. 9.
3853:開拓した会社がヤクザのフロント企業だったら
3344:10.5249/jivr.v6i2.489
3302:"Britannica Academic"
2743:and a web TV series.
2569:
2043:designated Bōryokudan
1714:255 million worth of
1693:
1633:
1250:Bōryokudan Taisaku Hō
1173:Further information:
1113:
706:, lit. foster parent)
686:
668:designated syndicates
635:
614:initiation ceremonies
479:
471:
113:Western United States
39:Criminal organization
7112:Gangs in Los Angeles
7077:Japanese subcultures
7072:Criminal subcultures
6962:South Pacific Cartel
5834:Stone Bridge Press (
5483:. NHK. 12 March 2024
5408:on 29 September 2022
4952:: 4. December 2009.
4572:on 10 December 2022.
4439:Hodder, UK. p. 91–93
4231:Hokkaido Prefectural
3034:outcasts (by birth)
2944:association/society
2761:Grand Theft Auto III
2748:Grand Theft Auto III
2570:Poster for the 1948
2381:improve this article
1976:, such as butchers,
1876:Asia (outside Japan)
1743:1995 Kobe earthquake
1300:, the fifth head of
1114:An early example of
948:, secretary general)
520:lowest social groups
332:, "violent groups",
158:10,000 quasi-members
30:For other uses, see
6770:Oficina de Envigado
6616:Guardiões do Estado
5962:Jean-Pierre Limosin
5660:japansubculture.com
4838:Le Monde des mafias
4619:The Washington Post
4488:on 15 November 2011
4462:on 14 December 2023
3535:"Yakuza" definition
2932:
2741:a live-action movie
2713:dark comedic parody
2705:. The anime series
2063:the founder of the
1927:Constituent members
1859:UCLA Medical Center
1832:(10%). In 1990, a
1741:In the wake of the
1425:Principal families
1334:Kobe Yamaguchi-gumi
1262:(designated yakuza)
1216:A designated yakuza
1208:Designated yakuza (
963:, executive office)
719:, justice and duty)
424:Japanese Government
398:, sometimes with a
56:The word yakuza in
46:
7026:Mafia bibliography
7008:Cartel of the Suns
6856:Guadalajara Cartel
6765:North Coast Cartel
6294:Post-Soviet states
6009:Yakuza Portal site
5994: –
5982: –
5795:Kotan Publishing (
5461:on 19 October 2021
5439:on 25 August 2021.
5325:on 25 January 2024
5319:Socialwire Co.,Ltd
5291:Schreiber, Mark, "
5254:on 3 December 2023
5159:on 4 December 2023
5070:Bruno, A. (2007).
5026:The New York Times
4767:, Crimelibrary.com
4656:The New York Times
4633:"The Yakuza Lobby"
4385:on 20 October 2020
4316:www.britannica.com
3860:on 26 October 2021
3750:10.1093/jsh/shr120
2931:
2803:Stop!! Hibari-kun!
2734:formerly known as
2588:
2474:possibly contains
2297:sentenced to death
1834:Smith & Wesson
1718:'s stock. Japan's
1700:
1644:
1550:Current activities
1399:(chairman) of the
1271:Fukuoka Prefecture
1120:
914:, general manager)
689:
641:
486:
484:(Chogoro Yamamoto)
474:
304:[gokɯꜜdoː]
219:[jaꜜkɯdza]
147:Japanese Americans
7034:
7033:
6935:Artistas Asesinos
6743:The Extraditables
6667:No Limit Soldiers
6591:Amigos dos Amigos
6573:Santa Cruz Cartel
6488:
6487:
6306:Azerbaijani mafia
6285:Waray-Waray gangs
6141:Mumbai underworld
6000:
5988:
5952:978-4-7700-3042-9
5636:. 10 October 2012
5507:The Asahi Shimbun
5402:The Asahi Shimbun
5272:Botting, Geoff, "
5247:The Asahi Shimbun
5006:978-0-520-21562-7
4978:978-0-201-11151-4
4971:. Da Capo Press.
4902:978-1-317-91781-6
4875:978-1-4008-7206-0
4788:978-0-520-21562-7
4594:978-0-520-27490-7
4228:, December 2010,
4184:, December 2009,
3619:978-0-201-11151-4
3558:978-0-201-11151-4
3507:"All Due Respect"
3455:The Asahi Shimbun
3093:
3092:
2629:, the 1989 films
2540:Yakuza in society
2537:
2536:
2529:
2519:
2518:
2511:
2476:original research
2457:
2456:
2449:
2431:
2354:
2290:Shitei Bōryokudan
2253:held the head of
2240:Current situation
2151:protection racket
2069:Tokutaro Takayama
1828:(16%) and in the
1658:protection racket
1621:human trafficking
1547:
1546:
1480:"Yamabishi" (山菱)
1258:Shitei Bōryokudan
1227:Shitei Bōryokudan
1210:Shitei Bōryokudan
1160:When yakuza play
534:during the fair.
195:
194:
174:Principal clans:
16:(Redirected from
7134:
7082:Culture of Japan
6626:Terceiro Comando
6611:Família do Norte
6606:Comando Vermelho
6515:
6508:
6501:
6492:
6324:
6064:
6057:
6050:
6041:
5998:
5986:
5827:Kodansha America
5789:Miyazaki, Manabu
5732:Addison-Wesley (
5697:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5686:taifu-comics.com
5678:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5662:. 9 January 2015
5652:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5626:
5620:
5619:
5608:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5566:
5549:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5538:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5488:
5477:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5447:
5441:
5440:
5435:. Archived from
5424:
5418:
5417:
5415:
5413:
5394:
5388:
5387:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5356:. Archived from
5344:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5311:
5302:
5289:
5283:
5270:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5238:
5223:
5206:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5192:
5178:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5155:. Archived from
5145:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5125:. Archived from
5113:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5102:
5093:. Archived from
5081:
5075:
5068:
5062:
5059:
5053:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5017:
5011:
5010:
4992:
4983:
4982:
4964:
4958:
4957:
4947:
4939:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4923:on 30 March 2012
4913:
4907:
4906:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4859:
4853:
4847:
4841:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4809:
4799:
4793:
4792:
4774:
4768:
4755:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4696:
4687:
4686:
4677:(2–3): 463–488.
4666:
4660:
4658:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4629:
4623:
4612:Jake Adelstein.
4610:
4599:
4598:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4566:. Archived from
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4540:on 30 March 2024
4539:
4526:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4484:. Archived from
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4458:. Archived from
4446:
4440:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4417:on 28 March 2019
4411:Mainichi Shimbun
4401:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4353:on 15 March 2015
4337:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4307:
4301:
4295:
4289:
4288:. 5 October 2021
4280:
4274:
4273:
4249:
4240:
4239:
4223:
4217:
4216:
4196:
4190:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4152:. Archived from
4140:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4101:
4092:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4066:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4035:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4019:on 11 April 2024
4015:. Archived from
4003:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3948:. Archived from
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3920:on 23 March 2023
3908:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3797:Bruno, Anthony.
3794:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3665:on 22 July 2019.
3655:
3649:
3648:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3605:
3599:
3592:
3583:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3519:
3517:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3389:
3388:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3298:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3282:on 30 March 2024
3281:
3268:
3260:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3199:
3014:motorcycle gang
2994:hoodlum/ruffian
2939:Japanese Rōmaji
2933:
2765:
2647:, the 2005 film
2641:, the 1995 film
2546:Japanese society
2532:
2525:
2514:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2494:
2491:inline citations
2467:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2389:
2365:
2357:
2346:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2294:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2273:
2272:, special fraud)
2271:
2270:
2264:
2251:Tokyo High Court
2189:Kiyoshi Takayama
2154:
2147:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2124:Anti-yakuza laws
2110:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2092:Operation Summit
1855:liver transplant
1671:
1665:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1600:drug trafficking
1573:
1572:, special fraud)
1571:
1570:
1564:
1543:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1516:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1478:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1422:
1381:Kiyoshi Takayama
1370:
1368:
1367:
1361:
1319:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1037:
964:
962:
961:
955:
949:
947:
946:
940:
934:
928:
927:
921:
915:
913:
912:
906:
900:
894:
893:
887:
881:
875:
874:
868:
855:
853:
852:
846:
840:
838:
837:
831:
817:
815:
814:
808:
798:
796:
795:
789:
783:
781:
780:
774:
749:
746:
740:
737:
720:
718:
717:
707:
705:
704:
551:Japanese culture
409:, and they also
368:
366:
361:
357:
356:
350:
342:
340:
335:
331:
330:
324:
308:
306:
301:
297:
296:
290:
283:, also known as
282:
280:
279:
276:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
252:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
233:
226:
221:
216:
212:
203:
78:
54:
47:
21:
7142:
7141:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7132:
7131:
7107:Gangs in Hawaii
7037:
7036:
7035:
7030:
7017:
6996:
6981:
6812:
6796:
6785:FARC dissidents
6738:Medellín Cartel
6701:
6655:
6640:
6577:
6551:
6525:
6522:Organized crime
6519:
6489:
6484:
6480:Houthi movement
6468:
6421:
6400:
6384:
6361:
6345:
6327:
6318:
6289:
6268:
6264:Pakistani mafia
6252:
6233:Ghee Hin Kongsi
6216:
6200:
6184:
6168:
6150:
6127:
6111:Big Circle Gang
6074:
6071:Organized crime
6068:
5976:
5971:
5706:
5701:
5700:
5690:
5688:
5680:
5679:
5675:
5665:
5663:
5654:
5653:
5649:
5639:
5637:
5628:
5627:
5623:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5595:
5593:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5564:
5562:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5536:
5534:
5526:
5525:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5486:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5464:
5462:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5433:The Japan Story
5426:
5425:
5421:
5411:
5409:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5361:
5346:
5345:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5313:
5312:
5305:
5290:
5286:
5271:
5267:
5257:
5255:
5240:
5239:
5226:
5208:Zeller, Frank (
5207:
5200:
5190:
5188:
5180:
5179:
5172:
5162:
5160:
5147:
5146:
5142:
5132:
5130:
5129:on 31 July 2023
5115:
5114:
5110:
5100:
5098:
5097:on 31 July 2023
5083:
5082:
5078:
5069:
5065:
5060:
5056:
5038:
5037:
5033:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5007:
4994:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4966:
4965:
4961:
4945:
4941:
4940:
4936:
4926:
4924:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4903:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4876:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4848:
4844:
4835:
4831:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4789:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4765:Wayback Machine
4756:
4747:
4737:
4735:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4709:
4707:
4705:The Daily Beast
4698:
4697:
4690:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4611:
4602:
4595:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4564:Financial Times
4558:
4557:
4553:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4491:
4489:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4454:(in Japanese).
4452:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4434:
4430:
4420:
4418:
4409:(in Japanese).
4407:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4388:
4386:
4377:(in Japanese).
4375:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4356:
4354:
4345:(in Japanese).
4343:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4321:
4319:
4309:
4308:
4304:
4296:
4292:
4281:
4277:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4237:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4206:Wayback Machine
4197:
4193:
4182:Wayback Machine
4173:
4169:
4159:
4157:
4156:on 30 June 2022
4142:
4141:
4130:
4120:
4118:
4103:
4102:
4095:
4081:
4077:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4050:
4048:
4047:on 3 April 2024
4041:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4022:
4020:
4011:(in Japanese).
4009:
4005:
4004:
3997:
3987:
3985:
3976:(in Japanese).
3974:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3955:
3953:
3944:(in Japanese).
3942:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3923:
3921:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3895:
3893:
3884:(in Japanese).
3882:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3861:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3833:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3807:
3805:
3796:
3795:
3788:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3675:
3674:
3670:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3645:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3620:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3593:
3586:
3580:Wayback Machine
3570:
3566:
3559:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3533:
3529:
3515:
3513:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3469:
3468:
3461:
3457:. 27 March 2023
3450:
3446:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3405:第4章 暴力団総合対策の推進.
3403:
3392:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3310:
3308:
3306:academic.eb.com
3300:
3299:
3295:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3204:
3202:
3194:
3192:
3153:Organized crime
3118:Criminal tattoo
3098:
3084:violence group
2929:
2895:Ryoichi Ikegami
2850:: manga of the
2835:My Boss My Hero
2798:
2763:
2725:
2677:
2644:Johnny Mnemonic
2564:
2558:
2550:Korean-Japanese
2542:
2533:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2480:
2468:
2464:
2453:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2390:
2388:
2378:
2366:
2325:
2321:
2314:
2280:
2265:
2242:
2230:
2201:
2148:
2129:
2126:
2102:
2094:
2089:
2073:Aizukotetsu-kai
2061:Hisayuki Machii
2009:
1997:David E. Kaplan
1986:leather workers
1974:ritual impurity
1954:
1929:
1913:Pacific Islands
1878:
1853:, to receive a
1807:methamphetamine
1767:
1739:
1607:
1592:methamphetamine
1565:
1557:
1552:
1524:
1489:
1458:Shinobu Tsukasa
1441:
1405:Kazuya Uchibori
1362:
1326:
1305:
1269:less than 100.
1261:
1240:
1217:
1214:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1108:
1088:, older sister)
1081:
1068:
1053:
1038:
956:
941:
922:
907:
888:
869:
847:
832:
809:
790:
775:
747:
738:
712:
699:
681:
676:
660:Shinobu Tsukasa
630:
607:Shimizu Jirocho
482:Shimizu Jirocho
466:
432:
359:
351:
333:
325:
315:Japanese police
299:
291:
254:
230:
224:
223:
214:
204:
171:Notable members
157:
141:; occasionally
70:
61:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7140:
7138:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7039:
7038:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7028:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7016:
7015:
7013:Tren de Aragua
7010:
7004:
7002:
6998:
6997:
6989:
6987:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6967:Tijuana Cartel
6964:
6959:
6954:
6953:
6952:
6950:La Resistencia
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6925:Sinaloa Cartel
6922:
6917:
6912:
6910:Milenio Cartel
6907:
6902:
6901:
6900:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6834:Los Mazatlecos
6826:
6820:
6818:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6810:
6804:
6802:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6794:
6789:
6788:
6787:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6756:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6735:
6730:
6728:Clan del Golfo
6725:
6720:
6715:
6709:
6707:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6692:
6685:Jamaican posse
6682:
6676:
6670:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6648:
6646:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6601:Carecas do ABC
6598:
6593:
6587:
6585:
6579:
6578:
6576:
6575:
6570:
6568:La Corporación
6565:
6563:Chapare Cartel
6559:
6557:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6533:
6531:
6527:
6526:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6510:
6503:
6495:
6486:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6465:’s robber band
6463:Bạch Hải Đường
6460:
6455:
6449:
6443:
6437:
6431:
6429:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6419:
6414:
6408:
6406:
6402:
6401:
6399:
6398:
6392:
6390:
6386:
6385:
6383:
6382:
6380:Four Seas Gang
6377:
6371:
6369:
6363:
6362:
6360:
6359:
6353:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6343:
6337:
6335:
6329:
6328:
6326:
6325:
6313:
6311:Georgian mafia
6308:
6303:
6301:Armenian mafia
6297:
6295:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6287:
6282:
6280:Bahala Na Gang
6276:
6274:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6260:
6258:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6224:
6222:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6212:Lebanese mafia
6208:
6206:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6192:
6190:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6182:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6160:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6082:
6080:
6076:
6075:
6073:groups in Asia
6069:
6067:
6066:
6059:
6052:
6044:
6038:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5989:
5975:
5974:External links
5972:
5970:
5969:
5955:
5937:
5858:
5847:Thieves' World
5843:
5828:
5819:
5804:
5786:
5771:
5756:
5741:
5726:
5723:978-3895748882
5711:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5673:
5647:
5621:
5603:
5572:
5544:
5519:
5494:
5472:
5455:Sankei Shimbun
5442:
5419:
5389:
5371:
5360:on 3 July 2023
5336:
5303:
5284:
5265:
5224:
5198:
5170:
5149:"暴力的要求行為の禁止内容"
5140:
5108:
5076:
5063:
5054:
5031:
5012:
5005:
4984:
4977:
4959:
4934:
4908:
4901:
4881:
4874:
4854:
4842:
4829:
4818:(1): 155–174.
4794:
4787:
4769:
4745:
4717:
4688:
4661:
4642:
4637:Foreign Policy
4624:
4600:
4593:
4575:
4551:
4513:
4499:
4473:
4441:
4428:
4396:
4364:
4329:
4302:
4290:
4275:
4264:(4): 801–829.
4241:
4218:
4191:
4167:
4128:
4117:on 28 May 2023
4093:
4075:
4058:
4030:
3995:
3984:on 28 May 2022
3963:
3952:on 12 May 2024
3946:Sankei Shimbun
3931:
3903:
3892:on 12 May 2024
3871:
3843:
3832:on 8 July 2023
3815:
3786:
3763:
3744:(3): 623–641.
3728:
3693:
3686:
3668:
3650:
3644:978-0520215627
3643:
3625:
3618:
3600:
3584:
3564:
3557:
3539:
3527:
3511:The New Yorker
3497:
3478:(4): 416–421.
3459:
3444:
3409:
3390:
3367:
3318:
3293:
3236:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3191:
3190:
3188:Yakuza members
3185:
3180:
3175:
3173:American Mafia
3170:
3168:Sicilian Mafia
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:Crime in Japan
3110:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2887:
2886:
2870:
2859:Like the Beast
2856:
2843:
2831:
2815:
2797:
2794:
2724:
2721:
2708:Akiba Maid War
2703:Jake Adelstein
2676:
2673:
2610:The 1992 film
2572:Akira Kurosawa
2560:Main article:
2557:
2554:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2517:
2516:
2471:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2454:
2369:
2367:
2360:
2355:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2241:
2238:
2229:
2226:
2200:
2197:
2173:Yamaguchi-gumi
2125:
2122:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2051:Yamaguchi-gumi
2038:Yamaguchi-gumi
2013:ethnic Koreans
2008:
2007:Ethnic Koreans
2005:
2001:Yamaguchi-gumi
1953:
1950:
1928:
1925:
1882:Southeast Asia
1877:
1874:
1815:Chinese triads
1766:
1763:
1753:Following the
1747:Yamaguchi-gumi
1738:
1735:
1731:lobbying group
1596:Yamaguchi-gumi
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1533:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1503:Yamaguchi-gumi
1498:
1483:
1482:
1472:
1450:
1439:Yamaguchi-gumi
1435:
1434:
1429:
1426:
1389:Yamaguchi-gumi
1330:Yamaguchi-gumi
1325:
1322:
1213:
1206:
1181:
1178:
1170:
1167:
1136:Japanese sword
1118:tattoos, 1870s
1107:
1104:
826:) is called a
760:Yamaguchi-gumi
739:(pseudo child)
680:
677:
675:
672:
652:Yamaguchi-gumi
629:
626:
465:
462:
431:
428:
407:Japanese media
193:
192:
191:
190:
185:
180:
178:Yamaguchi-gumi
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
156:10,400 members
154:
150:
149:
135:
131:
130:
85:
81:
80:
67:
63:
62:
55:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7139:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7020:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7005:
7003:
6999:
6995:
6994:
6988:
6986:United States
6984:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6957:Sonora Cartel
6955:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6915:Oaxaca Cartel
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6894:
6893:Juárez Cartel
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6846:Colima Cartel
6844:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6831:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6815:
6809:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6799:
6793:
6790:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6775:Los Rastrojos
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6740:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6704:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6680:
6677:
6674:
6671:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6662:
6658:
6654:
6653:
6647:
6643:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6584:
6580:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6554:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6542:Puccio family
6540:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6523:
6516:
6511:
6509:
6504:
6502:
6497:
6496:
6493:
6481:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6471:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6424:
6418:
6417:Kurdish mafia
6415:
6413:
6412:Turkish mafia
6410:
6409:
6407:
6403:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6387:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6364:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6348:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6334:
6330:
6322:
6321:Chechen mafia
6317:
6316:Russian mafia
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6292:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6271:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6255:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6219:
6213:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6203:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6187:
6181:
6180:Israeli mafia
6178:
6177:
6175:
6171:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6157:
6153:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6124:
6121:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6077:
6072:
6065:
6060:
6058:
6053:
6051:
6046:
6045:
6042:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5942:
5938:
5935:
5934:1-56931-235-4
5931:
5927:
5926:1-56931-207-9
5923:
5919:
5918:1-56931-184-6
5915:
5911:
5910:1-56931-199-4
5907:
5903:
5902:1-56931-112-9
5899:
5895:
5894:1-56931-039-4
5891:
5887:
5886:1-56931-042-4
5883:
5879:
5878:0-929279-99-9
5875:
5871:
5870:0-929279-97-2
5867:
5863:
5859:
5856:
5855:0-671-74997-8
5852:
5848:
5844:
5841:
5840:1-880656-76-0
5837:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5817:
5816:0-87113-604-X
5813:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5801:0-9701716-2-5
5798:
5794:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5783:0-19-511986-X
5780:
5776:
5772:
5769:
5768:0-19-925752-3
5765:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5753:0-520-21562-1
5750:
5746:
5742:
5739:
5738:0-201-11151-9
5735:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5703:
5687:
5683:
5677:
5674:
5661:
5657:
5651:
5648:
5635:
5631:
5625:
5622:
5617:
5613:
5607:
5604:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5576:
5573:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5548:
5545:
5533:
5529:
5523:
5520:
5508:
5504:
5498:
5495:
5482:
5476:
5473:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5443:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5423:
5420:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5393:
5390:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5359:
5355:
5354:
5353:Tokyo Shimbun
5349:
5343:
5341:
5337:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5288:
5285:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5269:
5266:
5253:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5187:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5112:
5109:
5096:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5080:
5077:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5058:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5039:(in Japanese)
5035:
5032:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5013:
5008:
5002:
4998:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4970:
4963:
4960:
4956:
4951:
4944:
4938:
4935:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4904:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4885:
4882:
4877:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4858:
4855:
4851:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4814:(in French).
4813:
4805:
4798:
4795:
4790:
4784:
4780:
4773:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4718:
4706:
4702:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4665:
4662:
4657:
4653:
4646:
4643:
4638:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4622:, 11 May 2008
4621:
4620:
4615:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4590:
4586:
4579:
4576:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4555:
4552:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4509:
4503:
4500:
4487:
4483:
4477:
4474:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4432:
4429:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4400:
4397:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4368:
4365:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4284:
4279:
4276:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4238:(in Japanese)
4236:
4235:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4219:
4215:(in Japanese)
4213:
4212:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4171:
4168:
4155:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4085:
4079:
4076:
4071:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4046:
4042:
4034:
4031:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3967:
3964:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3935:
3932:
3919:
3915:
3913:第2節 暴力団の構造と活動
3907:
3904:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3875:
3872:
3859:
3855:
3847:
3844:
3831:
3827:
3825:第2節 暴力団の構造と活動
3819:
3816:
3804:
3800:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3774:
3767:
3764:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3732:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3697:
3694:
3689:
3687:9780195119862
3683:
3679:
3672:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3636:
3629:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3611:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3560:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3524:
3512:
3508:
3501:
3498:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3425:(1): 97–116.
3424:
3420:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3377:The Economist
3371:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3319:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3201:
3197:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:Russian mafia
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2984:gang/company
2983:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2810:(1981–1983),
2809:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2730:Like A Dragon
2722:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2683:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2656:The Wolverine
2652:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2604:Dead or Alive
2600:
2599:
2593:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2577:Drunken Angel
2573:
2568:
2563:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2539:
2531:
2528:
2513:
2510:
2502:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2472:This section
2470:
2461:
2460:
2451:
2448:
2440:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2398: –
2397:
2393:
2392:Find sources:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2370:This section
2368:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2291:
2278:
2277:Nomura Satoru
2263:
2262:
2257:liable for a
2256:
2255:Sumiyoshi-kai
2252:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2228:Outside Japan
2227:
2225:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2181:Takaharu Ando
2177:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2113:
2100:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1995:According to
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1911:, and in the
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:Tadamasa Goto
1843:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1803:New York City
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1781:, as well as
1780:
1776:
1772:
1765:United States
1764:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1696:Sanja Matsuri
1692:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1563:
1554:
1549:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1488:
1487:Sumiyoshi-kai
1485:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1401:Sumiyoshi-kai
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1350:Sumiyoshi-kai
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1303:
1299:
1298:Satoru Nomura
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
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995:shateigashira
992:
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984:
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976:
972:
971:shateigashira
968:
954:
939:
932:
920:
905:
898:
886:
885:shateigashira
879:
867:
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857:
845:
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821:
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788:
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585:loan-sharking
582:
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492:(1603–1868):
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365:
349:
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347:ninkyō dantai
339:
323:
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316:
312:
305:
289:
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278:
220:
208:
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189:
186:
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183:Sumiyoshi-kai
181:
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77:
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68:
64:
59:
53:
48:
45:
37:
33:
19:
6990:
6945:Los Mexicles
6824:La Barredora
6808:Texis Cartel
6713:Black Eagles
6690:Shower Posse
6649:
6375:Bamboo Union
6195:
5966:Cinema Epoch
5958:Young Yakuza
5957:
5940:
5861:
5846:
5831:
5822:
5808:Yakuza Diary
5807:
5792:
5774:
5759:
5744:
5729:
5714:
5704:Bibliography
5689:. Retrieved
5685:
5676:
5664:. Retrieved
5659:
5650:
5638:. Retrieved
5633:
5624:
5615:
5606:
5594:. Retrieved
5589:
5585:
5575:
5563:. Retrieved
5557:
5547:
5535:. Retrieved
5531:
5522:
5510:. Retrieved
5506:
5497:
5485:. Retrieved
5475:
5463:. Retrieved
5459:the original
5445:
5437:the original
5432:
5422:
5410:. Retrieved
5406:the original
5392:
5383:
5374:
5362:. Retrieved
5358:the original
5351:
5327:. Retrieved
5323:the original
5318:
5296:
5287:
5277:
5268:
5256:. Retrieved
5252:the original
5245:
5217:
5189:. Retrieved
5185:
5161:. Retrieved
5157:the original
5152:
5143:
5131:. Retrieved
5127:the original
5120:
5111:
5099:. Retrieved
5095:the original
5088:
5079:
5071:
5066:
5057:
5034:
5025:
5015:
4996:
4968:
4962:
4953:
4949:
4937:
4925:. Retrieved
4921:the original
4911:
4891:
4884:
4864:
4857:
4845:
4837:
4832:
4815:
4811:
4797:
4778:
4772:
4736:. Retrieved
4729:
4720:
4708:. Retrieved
4704:
4674:
4670:
4664:
4655:
4645:
4636:
4627:
4617:
4584:
4578:
4569:the original
4563:
4554:
4542:. Retrieved
4535:the original
4528:
4516:
4502:
4490:. Retrieved
4486:the original
4476:
4464:. Retrieved
4460:the original
4444:
4436:
4431:
4419:. Retrieved
4415:the original
4399:
4387:. Retrieved
4383:the original
4367:
4355:. Retrieved
4351:the original
4320:. Retrieved
4315:
4305:
4293:
4278:
4261:
4257:
4229:
4221:
4209:
4194:
4185:
4170:
4158:. Retrieved
4154:the original
4147:
4119:. Retrieved
4115:the original
4108:
4082:
4078:
4049:. Retrieved
4045:the original
4033:
4021:. Retrieved
4017:the original
3986:. Retrieved
3982:the original
3978:Bungeishunju
3966:
3954:. Retrieved
3950:the original
3934:
3922:. Retrieved
3918:the original
3906:
3894:. Retrieved
3890:the original
3874:
3862:. Retrieved
3858:the original
3846:
3834:. Retrieved
3830:the original
3818:
3806:. Retrieved
3777:. Retrieved
3766:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3709:(1): 74–91.
3706:
3703:Global Crime
3702:
3696:
3677:
3671:
3663:the original
3653:
3634:
3628:
3609:
3603:
3567:
3548:
3542:
3530:
3521:
3514:. Retrieved
3510:
3500:
3475:
3471:
3447:
3422:
3419:Global Crime
3418:
3412:
3376:
3370:
3338:(2): 54–56.
3335:
3331:
3321:
3309:. Retrieved
3305:
3296:
3284:. Retrieved
3277:the original
3270:
3225:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3047:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2987:
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2760:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2728:
2726:
2706:
2697:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2666:
2662:The Outsider
2660:
2659:, 2018 film
2654:
2650:Into the Sun
2648:
2642:
2638:The Punisher
2636:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2611:
2609:
2602:
2596:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2543:
2523:
2505:
2499:October 2023
2496:
2473:
2443:
2437:October 2023
2434:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2391:
2379:Please help
2374:verification
2371:
2347:
2340:
2334:
2333:Please help
2330:
2306:
2302:
2261:tokushu sagi
2247:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2217:a civilian.
2210:
2202:
2193:Tadashi Irie
2178:
2170:
2165:mikajime-ryō
2164:
2161:mikajime-ryō
2160:
2157:mikajime-ryō
2156:
2144:mikajime-ryō
2127:
2114:
2095:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2016:
2010:
1994:
1978:executioners
1962:Heian period
1955:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1921:
1886:
1879:
1867:
1844:
1820:
1812:
1768:
1752:
1740:
1728:
1701:
1676:
1674:
1651:
1645:
1638:district of
1618:
1589:
1584:tokushu sagi
1583:
1580:tokushu sagi
1579:
1576:tokushu sagi
1575:
1562:tokushu sagi
1558:
1479:
1465:
1428:Description
1412:
1396:
1384:
1378:
1374:
1359:Shuyō dantai
1327:
1295:
1291:Namikawa-kai
1283:Fukuhaku-kai
1267:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1183:
1159:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1121:
1099:World War II
1096:
1078:
1029:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
977:. Since the
974:
970:
966:
938:jimukyokuchō
930:
919:fuku-kumichō
896:
877:
860:
858:
823:
819:
803:is called a
800:
766:
764:
755:
751:
731:
709:
696:
692:
690:
642:
621:
611:
605:
601:
596:
592:
588:
580:
579:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
546:
542:
538:
536:
515:
514:
503:
493:
487:
480:Yakuza boss
453:
445:
439:
435:
433:
420:
404:
389:
383:
370:
346:
320:
286:
199:
196:
69:17th century
43:
36:
6972:Los Viagras
6940:Gente Nueva
6871:Los Pelones
6861:Gulf Cartel
6801:El Salvador
6753:Los Priscos
6723:Cali Cartel
6718:Bloque Meta
6350:South Korea
6319:(including
6273:Philippines
6243:Sio Sam Ong
6101:Wo Shing Wo
5634:Japan Today
5616:Daily Beast
5532:www.ipl.org
5298:Japan Times
5279:Japan Times
5219:Japan Times
4738:28 February
4492:10 November
3808:28 February
3028:mizu shōbai
2753:protagonist
2723:Video games
2586:-genre film
2583:yakuza eiga
2562:Yakuza film
2295:boss to be
2081:Kyokuto-kai
2077:Inagawa-kai
2024:Inagawa-kai
1982:undertakers
1966:descendants
1901:South Korea
1893:Philippines
1837:.38 caliber
1830:Philippines
1775:Los Angeles
1708:Inagawa-kai
1625:Philippines
1522:Inagawa-kai
1468:Kazuo Taoka
1432:Mon (crest)
1417:Inagawa-kai
1393:Shuji Ogawa
1385:wakagashira
1354:Inagawa-kai
1234:Prefectural
1097:During the
1092:Kazuo Taoka
991:wakagashira
967:wakagashira
866:wakagashira
797:, chairman)
452:, the word
188:Inagawa-kai
7041:Categories
6930:Los Ántrax
6866:Los Metros
6839:Los Negros
6636:Zwi Migdal
6547:Zwi Migdal
6537:Ashkenazum
6440:Đại Cathay
6435:Bình Xuyên
6238:Mamak Gang
6096:Sun Yee On
5996:Al Jazeera
5691:10 October
5640:18 January
5537:13 October
4731:CNN México
4437:Dopeworld.
4379:Shinchosha
4347:The Nikkei
4270:A418089219
4084:Japanorama
4013:Shogakukan
3385:A194486438
3217:References
3158:Punch perm
3148:Ndrangheta
3088:bōryokudan
2840:Film stock
2717:maid cafés
2698:Tokyo Vice
2675:Television
2668:Snake Eyes
2632:Black Rain
2626:The Yakuza
2618:Juzo Itami
2483:improve it
2407:newspapers
2336:improve it
1970:feudal era
1759:CNN México
1507:federation
1342:Ikeda-gumi
1338:Kizuna-kai
1289:, and the
1279:Taishu-kai
1169:Syndicates
1162:Oicho-Kabu
1143:prosthetic
1045:, fathers)
656:Kitakyushu
532:protection
490:Edo period
441:Oicho-Kabu
321:bōryokudan
163:Activities
153:Membership
137:Primarily
121:California
75:Kabukimono
7001:Venezuela
6977:Los Zetas
6876:Los Rojos
6673:Zoe Pound
6669:(Curaçao)
6660:Caribbean
6530:Argentina
6333:Singapore
6156:Indonesia
6123:Snakehead
6116:Shui Fong
6106:Wo Hop To
5928:; Vol 9:
5920:; Vol 8:
5912:; Vol 7:
5904:; Vol 6:
5896:; Vol 5:
5888:; Vol 4:
5880:; Vol 3:
5862:Sanctuary
5791:. (2005)
5666:5 January
5384:Bloomberg
4927:3 October
4089:BBC Three
3779:30 August
3758:0022-4529
3723:1744-0572
3492:235850419
3439:153495517
3133:Irish mob
3058:yubitsume
3038:burakumin
2903:Sanctuary
2855:helpless.
2852:shōnen-ai
2766:prequel,
2715:in which
2688:Giri/Haji
2671:in 2021.
2653:, 2013's
2487:verifying
2342:talk page
2214:Osaka Gas
2065:Tosei-kai
2033:burakumin
2018:burakumin
1958:burakumin
1952:Burakumin
1851:Goto-gumi
1787:Las Vegas
1650:known as
1648:extortion
1636:Kabukicho
1623:. In the
1604:Dojin-kai
1587:schemes.
1309:特定危険指定暴力団
1287:Dojin-kai
1150:genitalia
1128:otoshimae
1123:Yubitsume
1060:, uncles)
929:, deputy
679:Structure
528:festivals
434:The name
430:Etymology
391:yubitsume
225:English:
134:Ethnicity
84:Territory
6898:La Línea
6706:Colombia
6396:Chao pho
6389:Thailand
6357:Kkangpae
6257:Pakistan
6221:Malaysia
5984:BBC Reel
5872:; Vol 2:
5596:19 April
5565:19 April
5487:12 March
5364:30 March
5329:30 March
5258:30 March
5163:30 March
5133:30 March
5101:30 March
4761:Archived
4544:30 March
4202:Archived
4178:Archived
4160:30 March
4121:30 March
4110:Kodansha
3886:kodansha
3576:Archived
3523:scorned.
3516:19 April
3488:ProQuest
3362:24284812
3286:30 March
3138:Kkangpae
3103:Bōsōzoku
3096:See also
3068:sakazuki
3018:bōsōzoku
2998:gurentai
2974:gambler
2958:kuromaku
2936:English
2889:Several
2874:Odd Taxi
2396:"Yakuza"
2185:Kodo-kai
1942:chimpira
1938:chinpira
1934:bōsōzoku
1915:(mainly
1889:Thailand
1840:revolver
1822:Handguns
1795:Virginia
1777:and the
1640:Shinjuku
1302:Kudo-kai
1275:Kudo-kai
999:honbuchō
975:honbuchō
953:shikkōbu
904:Honbuchō
829:wakanaka
599:itself.
510:gambling
458:katakana
450:Japanese
446:ya-ku-sa
396:fundoshi
375:gangster
207:Japanese
139:Japanese
128:Thailand
58:katakana
18:Chinpira
6695:Yardies
6681:(Haiti)
6675:(Haiti)
6556:Bolivia
6454:'s gang
6452:Dung Hà
6448:'s gang
6446:Năm Cam
6442:'s gang
6427:Vietnam
6248:Wah Kee
6205:Lebanon
6146:Dacoity
5999:(Video)
5987:(Video)
5968:, 2007.
5960:. Dir.
5512:1 April
5191:1 April
3353:4009169
3128:Irezumi
3108:Camorra
3008:sarakin
2919:Nisekoi
2819:Gokusen
2695:series
2693:HBO Max
2481:Please
2421:scholar
2106:第一次頂上作戦
2035:in the
1990:hamlets
1897:Vietnam
1857:at the
1799:Chicago
1791:Arizona
1783:Seattle
1706:of the
1677:jiageya
1669:sōkaiya
1663:sōkaiya
1653:sōkaiya
1611:覚せい剤取締法
1415:of the
1411:), the
1185:Members
1154:irezumi
1116:irezumi
1106:Rituals
1079:ane-san
1010:kumichō
987:kumichō
983:kumichō
931:kumichō
897:kumichō
878:kumichō
861:kumichō
844:wakashū
820:kumichō
801:kumichō
772:kumichō
664:Fukuoka
648:Fukuoka
618:rituals
575:samurai
500:illicit
464:Origins
460:(ヤクザ).
386:fiefdom
143:Koreans
105:Fukuoka
66:Founded
7047:Yakuza
6817:Mexico
6645:Canada
6583:Brazil
6405:Turkey
6367:Taiwan
6196:Yakuza
6173:Israel
6164:Preman
6086:Triads
5950:
5932:
5924:
5916:
5908:
5900:
5892:
5884:
5876:
5868:
5853:
5838:
5814:
5799:
5781:
5766:
5751:
5736:
5730:Yakuza
5721:
5465:11 May
5412:11 May
5003:
4975:
4899:
4872:
4785:
4758:Yakuza
4710:8 July
4591:
4466:10 May
4421:10 May
4389:10 May
4357:10 May
4268:
4234:Police
4072:. CNN.
4051:12 May
4023:12 May
3988:12 May
3956:12 May
3924:12 May
3896:12 May
3864:12 May
3836:12 May
3756:
3721:
3684:
3641:
3616:
3555:
3490:
3437:
3383:
3360:
3350:
3311:1 July
3196:Portal
3178:Triads
3123:Gopnik
3048:tekiya
2978:bakuto
2968:oyabun
2789:Hitman
2764:'s
2736:Yakuza
2665:, and
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2394:
2312:Legacy
2187:chief
2047:Yakuza
2011:While
1917:Hawaii
1909:Taiwan
1895:, and
1891:, the
1801:, and
1771:Hawaii
1745:, the
1704:Oyabun
1685:Nagoya
1413:kaichō
1403:, and
1397:kaichō
1395:, the
1383:, the
1352:, and
1285:, the
1281:, the
1277:, the
1244:暴力団対策法
1065:kyōdai
1062:, and
1030:oyabun
1022:senpai
1014:kaichō
1006:oyabun
997:, and
979:shatei
973:, and
935:, and
882:, and
806:shatei
787:kaichō
767:oyabun
756:oyabun
744:oyabun
727:Shinto
697:oyabun
644:Kyushu
637:Kyushu
628:Kyushu
622:bakuto
597:yakuza
593:bakuto
589:bakuto
581:Bakuto
571:oyabun
569:, the
567:tekiya
563:tekiya
555:oyabun
553:, the
543:oyabun
539:tekiya
525:Shinto
516:Tekiya
505:bakuto
495:tekiya
454:yakuza
436:yakuza
400:kimono
371:yakuza
287:gokudō
200:Yakuza
125:Phuket
117:Hawaii
107:, and
101:Kyushu
97:Kansai
44:Yakuza
6991:See:
6650:See:
6473:Yemen
6189:Japan
6133:India
4946:(PDF)
4808:(PDF)
4538:(PDF)
4525:(PDF)
4322:4 May
3803:truTV
3435:S2CID
3280:(PDF)
3267:(PDF)
3210:Japan
3078:kobun
2988:-gumi
2891:manga
2883:manga
2879:anime
2863:manga
2828:anime
2824:manga
2812:anime
2808:manga
2757:Mafia
2711:is a
2613:Minbo
2592:genre
2574:film
2428:JSTOR
2414:books
2284:指定暴力団
1984:, or
1905:China
1826:China
1555:Japan
1462:Tokyo
1221:指定暴力団
1050:ojiki
1035:oyaji
1026:kōhai
1018:kobun
824:kobun
752:kobun
735:kobun
710:jingi
693:kobun
559:kobun
547:kobun
379:Mafia
109:Chūbu
93:Tokyo
89:Kantō
60:(ヤクザ)
5948:ISBN
5930:ISBN
5922:ISBN
5914:ISBN
5906:ISBN
5898:ISBN
5890:ISBN
5882:ISBN
5874:ISBN
5866:ISBN
5851:ISBN
5836:ISBN
5812:ISBN
5797:ISBN
5779:ISBN
5764:ISBN
5749:ISBN
5734:ISBN
5719:ISBN
5693:2015
5668:2016
5642:2019
5598:2022
5567:2022
5539:2022
5514:2022
5489:2024
5467:2024
5414:2024
5366:2024
5331:2024
5260:2024
5214:Jiji
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