253:, one of the largest open-air markets in the nation. Residents of the black community would frequent it to buy and sell just about anything. It was a natural location for blues musicians to perform, earn tips, and jam with other musicians. The standard path for blues musicians was to start out as street musicians and at house parties and eventually make their way to blues clubs. The first blues clubs in Chicago were mostly in predominantly black neighborhoods on the
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perspectives. You can't keep talking about mules, workin' on the levee." Chicago blues was heavily influenced by
Mississippi bluesmen who traveled to Chicago in the early 1940s. Chicago blues is based on the sound of the electric guitar and the harmonica, with the harmonica played through a
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stated that, "Chicago blues is the music of the industrial city, and has an industrial sense about it." Additionally, recognizing the shift in blues, Chicago blues singer and guitarist Kevin Moore expressed the blues transition stating, "You have to put some new life into it, new blood, new
261:. New trends in technology, chaotic streets and bars adding drums to an electric mix, gave birth to a new club culture. One of the most famous was Ruby Lee Gatewood's Tavern, known by patrons as "The Gates". During the 1930s virtually every big-name artist played there.
276:. Through such record companies Chicago blues became a commercial enterprise. The new style of music eventually reached Europe and the United Kingdom. In the 1960s, young British musicians were highly influenced by Chicago blues resulting in the
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or guitar amplifier, both heavily amplified and often to the point of distortion, and a rhythm section of drums and bass (double bass at first, and later electric bass guitar) with piano depending on the song or performer.
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of the first half of the twentieth century. Key features that distinguish
Chicago blues from the earlier traditions, such as Delta blues, is the prominent use of electrified instruments, especially the
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While attending a nightclub in
Chicago in 1955, Berry met his idol Muddy Waters and asked Waters where he might be able to cut a record. Waters directed him to Leonard Chess of Chess Records
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186:, or the Great Northern Drive, which was both forced and voluntary at times, of African Americans from the southern U.S. to the industrial cities of the north, such as Chicago.
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Inaba, Mitsutoshi. Willie Dixon's Work on the Blues: From the Early
Recordings through the Chess and Cobra Years, 1940--1971. Diss. University of Oregon, 2005. N.p.: UMI, 2005.
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Foundation for
Research in the Afro-American Creative Arts. "Muddy (né McKinley Morganfield) Waters." The Black Perspective in Music Vol. 11. No. 2 (1983): 230-31
313:—one of the most significant Chicago blues record labels. Berry met and was influenced by Muddy Waters in Chicago and Waters suggested he audition for Chess.
289:(1981), Chicago blues saw its best documentation during the 1970s thanks in part to Alligator Records and its owner Bruce Iglauer, described by
130:, Chicago blues reached an international audience by the late 1950s and early 1960s, directly influencing not only the development of early
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William H. Frey, "The New Great
Migration: Black Americans' Return to the South, 1965–2000", The Brookings Institution, May 2004, pp. 1–3
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When the
Rolling Stones first got together in 1962, it was a shared love for Chicago blues that congealed them into a cohesive group.
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has been held annually since 1984, on the anniversary of Muddy Waters' death, as a means of preserving and promoting
Chicago blues.
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and made their first recordings with him when he toured
England in 1963 and 1964. At the same time, American artists, such as the
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in the US), were heavily influenced by
Chicago blues artists. The last two served as backing musicians for
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How Britain Got the Blues: The Transmission and Reception of American Blues Style in the United Kingdom
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and other blues musicians played on some of Berry's early records. In the UK in the early 1960s,
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also pursued their own interpretations of Chicago blues songs and helped popularize
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directly joined that migration, like many others, escaping the harsher southern
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589:"The Surprising Key Influence Behind The Rolling Stones' 'Blue & Lonesome'"
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Chicago blues was one of the most significant influences on early rock music.
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An early incubator for Chicago blues was the open-air market on
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633:"Howlin' Wolf." Encyclopedia of Popular Music. 4th ed. 2006
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79:, Illinois. It is based on earlier blues idioms, such as
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114:, migrated to Chicago in 1943, joining the established
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Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies
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Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies
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business that was far more profitable than his music.
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Urban blues evolved from classic blues following the
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Form of blues music indigenous to Chicago, Illinois
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170:helped promote and spread the style. The
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757:The Devil's Music: a History of the Blues
476:The Devil's Music: A History of the Blues
453:. London: Da Capo Press. pp. 40–49.
426:The Devil's Music: A History of the Blues
245:blues performers and onlookers circa 1950
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106:, a colleague of Delta blues musicians
451:Chicago Blues: The City and the Music
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478:. New York: Taplinger. p. 172.
428:. New York: Taplinger. p. 177.
89:Great Migration of African Americans
215:Urban blues started in Chicago and
162:. Prominent record labels such as
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786:Chicago blues example and lesson
647:Sonny Boy Williamson: U.K. Blues
533:– via robertchristgau.com.
383:List of Chicago blues musicians
87:. It developed alongside the
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587:Hart, Ron (2 December 2016).
345:(who included two members of
759:. London: BBC. p. 287.
703:Connaughton, Marcus (2012).
231:was a steelworker and had a
343:Paul Butterfield Blues Band
62:20th century, Chicago, U.S.
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301:Influence of Chicago blues
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414:, accessed 19 March 2008.
83:, but is performed in an
1171:Blues musicians by genre
871:Traditional blues verses
367:the Allman Brothers Band
75:music that developed in
732:Keil, Charles (1991) .
339:Sonny Boy Williamson II
309:originally signed with
755:Oakley, Giles (1976).
474:Oakley, Giles (1976).
424:Oakley, Giles (1976).
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172:Chicago Blues Festival
18:Chicago electric blues
861:Musical improvisation
707:. The Collins Press.
388:Chicago record labels
241:
576:. London: Routledge.
514:Ticknor & Fields
917:American folk music
572:Schwartz, Roberta.
549:history-of-rock.com
449:Rowe, Mike (1973).
355:Charlie Musselwhite
1258:Blues music genres
323:the Rolling Stones
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134:musicians such as
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851:Call and response
500:Christgau, Robert
266:Paramount Records
204:Alligator Records
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38:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
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293:as a "folkie
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881:Walking bass
841:Blues ballad
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688:February 14,
686:. Retrieved
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660:February 14,
658:. Retrieved
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596:. Retrieved
593:Observer.com
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504:"The Decade"
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347:Howlin' Wolf
333:(dubbed the
315:Willie Dixon
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225:rent parties
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192:Muddy Waters
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160:Led Zeppelin
152:Eric Clapton
124:Howlin' Wolf
120:Willie Dixon
104:Muddy Waters
102:
68:
67:
1226:Blues songs
1118:Boogie rock
1113:Biker metal
989:New Zealand
972:New Orleans
846:Blues scale
736:Urban Blues
554:15 December
331:the Animals
319:beat groups
307:Chuck Berry
136:Chuck Berry
85:urban style
81:Delta blues
45:Delta blues
1242:Categories
1108:Blues rock
1014:West Coast
912:Work songs
907:Spirituals
523:0899190251
485:0800821890
435:0800821890
399:References
371:blues rock
349:'s band),
321:, such as
280:movement.
270:RCA Victor
255:South Side
146:and early
140:Bo Diddley
98:distortion
1023:Subgenres
967:Louisiana
836:Blue note
598:23 August
259:West Side
233:moonshine
217:St. Louis
209:PA system
148:hard rock
108:Son House
1214:Category
1082:Jug band
1062:Electric
994:Piedmont
926:Regional
866:Shuffles
682:AllMusic
654:AllMusic
529:April 6,
502:(1981).
377:See also
1087:Skiffle
1040:Country
984:Memphis
952:Chicago
897:Origins
890:Origins
178:History
77:Chicago
1135:Gospel
1077:Holler
1004:Turkey
947:Canada
935:Africa
928:styles
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365:, and
353:, and
329:, and
272:, and
158:, and
154:, the
126:, and
1159:Lists
1072:Hokum
1057:Dirty
1045:Delta
999:Texas
977:Swamp
957:Delta
822:Blues
359:Cream
223:, at
73:blues
1145:Soul
1140:Jump
1123:Punk
761:ISBN
742:ISBN
709:ISBN
690:2020
662:2020
600:2018
556:2013
531:2019
518:ISBN
480:ISBN
455:ISBN
430:ISBN
190:and
166:and
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