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lawyers argued that it should not due to his poor health. The judge rejected arguments from
Chiluba's lawyers and doctors that the former president is too sick to face prosecution over graft charges. On 27 July he was flown to South Africa to be treated for heart trouble; this had been approved by the government earlier in the month. He was scheduled to appear in court for his trial on 14 August, and he returned to Zambia on 11 August, saying in an interview that he was "surviving on God's will". His spokesman said that his illness made it uncertain whether he would appear in court; in July, it was ruled that, if necessary, Chiluba would participate in the trial through video or a judge would go to his home. On 14 August, Chiluba rejected the idea of participating in the trial through video, saying that it would be illegal.
458:(MMD), and became its presidential candidate in the snap 1991 election called as part of the deal that ended one-party rule. Due in part to festering resentment at UNIP's 25-year rule (including 17 years as the only legal party), Chiluba defeated Kaunda in a massive landslide, taking 75 percent of the vote to Kaunda's 25 percent–the second-biggest margin of victory for a contested election in Zambian history. Chiluba took office on 2 November of that year. On 29 December 1991, he declared Zambia a Christian nation. This declaration was included in the 2016 Constitutional Amendment Bill which is part of the current Constitution of the Republic of Zambia. He won re-election to a second five-year term in 1996 despite a lawsuit questioning his birthplace and hence his eligibility for the post.
582:, saying "I am satisfied that no honest solicitor in his position would have done what he did." His unquestioning acceptance of the money - transferred to a London bank account by the Zambian intelligence service - was "classic blind eye dishonesty". An appeal against the ruling was allowed by the court of appeal in 2008. Large sections of Zambian society have however questioned Peter Smith's credibility following reprimands and recusals by the British judiciary. Many have argued that the British Judge should have concentrated on cases pertaining to properties that were allegedly obtained by corrupt means in Britain and Europe rather than properties in Zambia. However, after offering Chiluba's clothes to his family in 2016, the
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364:, for instance, said "Chiluba's thinking is as tall as he is... We are not going to steal money, we are not going to plunder, we are not going to buy suits, we are not going to buy shoes. We are not going to give girls houses..." Kaunda referred to Chiluba as the "Four-foot Dwarf" during Chiluba's rise in opposition politics. Chiluba was acquitted of all corruption charges in August 2009. Chiluba had also been described by the BBC as "a fervent
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446:(ZCTU). He and several leaders in ZCTU were detained in 1981 by President Kenneth Kaunda for calling a wildcat strike that paralyzed most of the Zambian economy. The union leaders were released after a judge ruled their detention as unconstitutional. In 1987, he successfully withstood challenge to his chairmanship of NUBEGW that would have put his ZCTU position in jeopardy.
502:
national constitution, the government never presented any paper on the matter nor was there any referendum to amend the national constitution. The third term debate was between different groups within and outside the MMD. Chiluba himself was quiet about it. He stepped down at the end of his term on 2 January 2002, and was replaced by
597:
Chiluba collapsed on 24 May 2007 due to heart trouble and was hospitalized. He was released from the hospital on 29 May, and on 30 May doctors judged him to be fit to stand trial on the embezzlement charges following an examination. On 31 May, a court ruled that his trial should proceed, although his
501:
He later married the MMD Women's
Chairperson, Regina Mwanza a divorcee. Despite his party's overwhelming majority in parliament, he failed to win support in his bid to amend the constitution allowing him to run for a third term. No member of parliament ever moved the motion in the house to amend the
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succeeded him and
Chiluba's fortunes improved markedly. Chiluba was acquitted in 2009—a decision that Sata alleged was "engineered" by Banda—and President Banda refused to allow the state to appeal the verdict or pursue the matter further. Chiluba announced in January 2010 that he was
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Chiluba, however, continued to plead innocence and refused to recognise the verdict of the Judge Peter Smith who he accused of having been bribed by the
Mwanawasa government. It is yet to be seen what effect the civil ruling in the UK will have on the criminal proceedings in the Zambian courts.
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which had been abolished during
Chiluba's government. This view contradicts Chiluba's economic reforms which included the Privatisation of Parastatals which he spearheaded with close cooperation with the World Bank and the IMF. Chiluba is also credited with kickstarting the privatisation of ZCCM
350:
Chiluba's personal appearance and dapper dress as well as his short stature (he stood 1.5 m (5 ft) tall) was commented on both by his supporters and opponents throughout his career. In connection with
European corruption allegations against him in the late 2000s, it was revealed that a
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On 7 June, the amount, which
Chiluba was ordered to repay, was increased to $ 58m, accounting for interest and legal costs. Several days later, Judge Smith ordered Chiluba to leave his home in Lusaka within two weeks because it was judged to have been bought with money stolen from the public.
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Having long suffered from health problems, Mwanawasa died later in 2008. Chiluba was acquitted on all charges on 17 August 2009. Scores of people packed the Lusaka
Magistrates Court to hear Judge Jones Chinyama final judgement which concluded that Dr. Frederick Chiluba was not guilty of the
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The "parentage clause" was inserted after the advent of multi-party democracy in Zambia in 1990 by then-President
Frederick Chiluba to prevent his bitter rival, Kenneth Kaunda - the first post-independence leader whose father was born in what is now Malawi, from running for office
604:
Chiluba's wife Regina was arrested on 3 September for allegedly receiving money and property stolen by
Chiluba during his time in office, despite having previously been released after the case against her had been dropped on 24 August. Chiluba and his wife protested the arrest.
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throughout the early 1990s to reduce Zambia's debt. Major and Chiluba restructured Zambia's debt to Britain which allowed Zambia to begin paying off debts to other foreign countries without their credit being negatively effected. This was considered the most successful
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after which Chiluba immediately declared a state of emergency and began jailing, without charges, persons suspected of involvement in the coup. These included several Zambian politicians, including those from opposition parties and the country's previous President,
360:, ran a recurring column which lampooned the President during his time in office as "a vain, cross-dressing, high-heel wearing, adulterous, dwarf thief". Political opponents made reference to these charges and traits in their criticisms of Chiluba's rule. Candidate
315:
Chiluba was born to Jacob Titus Chiluba Nkonde and Diana Kaimba and grew up in Luapula Province where he was born from. He did his basic education at Mambilima Mbolo special school and his secondary education at Kawambwa boys technical Secondary School in
320:, where he was expelled in the second year for political activities. He became a bus conductor, and later a politician. He worked as a city councillor before becoming an accounts assistant at Atlas Copco. He later joined the National Union of Building.
335:, with whom he had nine children, divorced in 2000 after 33 years of marriage. Tembo has gone on to pursue a political career of her own, becoming MMD Chairperson for Women's Affairs, being elected to the Zambian Parliament, and becoming deputy
465:. He amended the constitution in order to stop citizens with foreign parentage from standing for the presidency, aimed at disqualifying Kaunda. His attempt to deport Kaunda was unsuccessful as Kaunda's Zambian citizenship was confirmed by the
497:
In late 2001, Chiluba divorced his second wife, Vera, with whom he had nine children, namely Helen, Miko, Hortensia, Castro, Chongo, Kaindu, Huldah, Frederick Jr and Verocia . With his first wife he had Tito and Nikombe.
561:. Chiluba said the account was used by the country's intelligence services to fund operations abroad. Investigators said it was a slush fund, used to meet Chiluba and Chungu's private and personal expenses.
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instead ran as the MMD candidate and succeeded him. After leaving office, Chiluba was the subject of a long investigation and trial regarding alleged corruption; he was eventually acquitted in 2009.
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argued that Chiluba was endorsing Banda "so that he can be guaranteed his freedom", and Sata was similarly critical: "Chiluba will do anything possible to ensure that his friend remains in power."
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for medical attention for a heart condition. After resisting the government's call for him to return to Zambia for what they termed as long-term treatment, he returned on 15 July.
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South African Yearbook of International Law: Suid-Afrikaanse Jaarboek Vir Volkereg, Volume 18 - VerLoren Van Themaat Centre for International Law, University of South Africa, 1992
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After appearing briefly in court on 14 August, Chiluba was present for the resumption of trial proceedings on 15 August. Chiluba took breaks during the day for health reasons.
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653:, announced his death. Mwamba stated that Chiluba had a normal day on 17 June, and even had time to meet some of his lawyers. He had later complained of stomach pains.
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accused Chiluba of shamelessly defrauding his people and flaunting his wealth with an expensive wardrobe of "stupendous proportions". He also castigated his lawyer,
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After leaving office, Chiluba was a target of Mwanawasa's campaign against corruption: in February 2003, he was charged along with his former intelligence chief,
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Most of the charges that were made against him were later dropped, but others remained. In addition, his wife Regina was arrested for receiving stolen goods.
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later secured a judgement in the Supreme Court of Zambia where Chiluba's estate (tedworth properties) was forfeited to the state after seizing it in 2002.
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In May 2008, the government announced that it had recovered nearly 60 million dollars in money and assets allegedly stolen during Chiluba's presidency.
51:
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Chiluba indicated at the time that the judgement in the UK had rendered the criminal proceedings in Zambia academic by heavily prejudicing his case.
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Chiluba's relationship with President Mwanawasa and the MMD soured badly after he was charged with corruption. He backed Mwanawasa's main opponent,
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Chiluba can be said to have left both an economic and a political legacy. Economically he started the process of ending Zambia's socialist
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His careful appearance and taste for fine suits became a trademark, and was noted during his corruption trial. Roy Clarke, writing in
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from 1991 to 2002. Chiluba, a trade union leader, won the country's multi-party presidential election in 1991 as the candidate of the
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It was alleged that money was diverted from the Ministry of Finance into an account held at the London branch of the
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On 4 May 2007 he was found guilty of stealing $ 46m (£23m) in a civil case by a UK court. London high court judge
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1139:"Meer, Care & Desai: London Law Firm - Meer, Care & Desai Court Rulings: the original and the appeal"
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482:. However, he was raised in the Copperbelt of Zambia and this contributed to his taking up of unionism.
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Swiss shop had produced over 100 pairs of size 6 shoes for him with two inch heels, many monogrammed.
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1229:"High Court judge Mr Justice Peter Smith faces judicial investigation over British Airways complaint"
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303:. He was re-elected in 1996. As he was unable to run for a third term in 2001, former Vice President
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Mbao, Melvin (1996). "Human Rights and Discrimination: Zambia's Constitutional Amendment, 1996".
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supporting Banda for re-election in 2011, while also criticising the main opposition leaders.
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challenged his eligibility on these grounds, claiming that he or his real father was born in
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517:. He presided over various economic reforms. He worked closely with British Prime Minister
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Les ambivalences dans la caricature des dirigeants politiques. Illustrations africaines
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912:. Mots (Journal) Presses de Sciences Po, Paris. Volume 48. Issue 48. 1996. pp. 74-86
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542:(Zambia Consolidatited Copper Mines) in the late 1990s, the country's crown jewel.
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1215:"British Airways: Judge's baggage claim gets him booted off BA competition case"
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In 1990, soon after UNIP gave up its monopoly on power, he helped form the
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Defense & Foreign Affairs Handbook by Perth Corporation, 1999 pg. 1683
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When it's time to go . . . Kenneth Kaunda should follow Madiba's example
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Chiluba opposed international economic institutions. His successor
1427:"Former President Chiluba reappears in court on corruption charges"
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1331:"Ex-Zambian President Ordered to Stand Trial Over Graft Charges"
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Chiluba attempted to deport Kaunda on the grounds that he was a
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1392:"Zambian ex-president returns home ahead of corruption trial"
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corruption charges laid against him and hence was acquitted.
1181:"Take the hint, Mr Justice Peter Smith: leave the bench now"
1200:"CoA criticises judge Peter Smith for 'disgraceful' letter"
1491:"Zambia's ex-president Frederick Chiluba cleared of theft"
339:
in 2006. On 6 May 2002, Chiluba married his third wife,
649:
on 18 June 2011, shortly after midnight. His spokesman,
506:, his one-time vice-president. Chiluba started out as a
1523:"Frederick Chiluba, Zambia ‘s Second President is dead"
1429:. African Press Agency. 15 August 2007. Archived from
873:, Stephen Chan, Tauris & Co Ltd., 2007, page 57
343:, the former chairperson of women's affairs for the
1981:
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150:Musangu village, Mwense District, Luapula Province
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870:Grasping Africa: a tale of tragedy and achievement
628:. After Mwanawasa's death in 2008, Vice-president
1753:Chairpersons of the Organisation of African Unity
847:. Citypress (Lusaka) Sunday 4 January 1998 p. 14
1243:"Late FTJ Chiluba's property forfieted [
1166:"Law: Mr Justice Peter Smith loses his judgment"
811:"I am the good thing in Chiluba's life - Regina"
30:"Chiluba" redirects here. For the language, see
1337:. Voice of America. 1 June 2007. Archived from
442:Chiluba went on to win the chairmanship of the
2125:Movement for Multi-Party Democracy politicians
368:private life was the subject of much gossip."
2150:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
1737:
1632:
1394:. AngolaPress. 13 August 2007. Archived from
8:
1109:. Sapa (News24). 13 May 2007. Archived from
922:Zambia: London Court Judgement: Chiluba wins
899:. Patson Chilemba, Zambia Post. 6 March 2010
747:From divorced First Lady to Zambian Minister
702:
700:
698:
982:. Europa Publications. 1989. p. 5043.
890:C/belt, Luapula give Sata a rousing welcome
771:. Hugh Russell. First Post. 19 August 2009.
410:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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749:. Guardian Weekly (Lusaka) 18 October 2006
49:
38:
1054:. News24. 23 October 2006. Archived from
1036:. News24. 18 October 2006. Archived from
962:"Guy Scott's rise to Zambia's presidency"
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430:Learn how and when to remove this message
76:2 November 1991 – 2 January 2002
559:Zambia National Commercial Bank (Zanaco)
1407:
1405:
1275:"Disgraced Chiluba told to vacate home"
859:. David Smith, The Age. 15 August 2009.
762:Zambia’s ex-President Chiluba acquitted
674:
1317:"Chiluba will go on trial, says court"
1231:. Evening Standard. 21 September 2015.
616:Political stances after leaving office
510:, but accepted some economic reforms.
27:Former President of Zambia (1991–2002)
1358:
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299:(MMD), defeating long-time President
287:(30 April 1943 – 18 June 2011) was a
7:
1125:"Disappointment for Madiba's lawyer"
1069:Christian Fraser (9 December 2003).
924:. Zambia Daily Mail. 15 August 2010.
857:Zambia's well-heeled 'big man' falls
809:Malupenga, Amos (15 December 2002).
721:"Zambia's ex-president Chiluba dies"
567:In early 2006, Chiluba was flown to
408:adding citations to reliable sources
328:Chiluba and his second wife, former
1445:"Mrs Chiluba held on theft charges"
1364:"Chiluba flown to SA for treatment"
1459:"Zambia seizes 'Chiluba millions'"
1089:"Zambia's Chiluba guilty of graft"
485:In 1997 his government survived a
345:Movement for Multi-Party Democracy
297:Movement for Multi-party Democracy
25:
1249:. Lusaka Times. 10 February 2017.
1179:Joshua Rozenberg (17 June 2016).
1164:Joshua Rozenberg (12 July 2007).
726:Independent Online (South Africa)
456:Movement for Multiparty Democracy
1703:
1493:. The Telegraph. 17 August 2009.
1479:. Sapa-AP (IOL). 18 August 2009.
1415:. Reuters (IOL). 15 August 2007.
1261:"Chiluba has to return millions"
781:Kaunda, Joe (13 December 2002).
719:Simwanza, Obert (18 June 2011).
380:
1599:Zambia Congress of Trade Unions
980:The Europa World Year Book 2014
783:"Chiluba, Regina Marry Quietly"
468:Lewanika and Others vs. Chiluba
444:Zambia Congress of Trade Unions
1447:. AFP (IOL). 4 September 2007.
1303:"Chiluba 'fit' to stand trial"
1213:David Connett (25 July 2015).
1107:"Judge slams Mandela's lawyer"
1071:"Zambia's 'matrix of plunder'"
908:p. 79, 81. Jean-Pascal Daloz.
533:re-established relations with
471:Supreme Court ruling in 2000.
291:politician who was the second
1:
1378:"Chiluba to be treated in SA"
1319:. Reuters (IOL). 31 May 2007.
1263:. Reuters (IOL). 9 June 2007.
285:Frederick Jacob Titus Chiluba
1525:, Lusaka Times, 18 June 2011
1289:"Chiluba's condition stable"
1198:Chloe Smith (16 June 2016).
1003:"Chiluba's legacy to Zambia"
683:"Frederick Chiluba obituary"
2140:Zambian democracy activists
476:1996 presidential elections
337:Minister of the Environment
2166:
1477:"Chiluba cleared by judge"
1413:"Chiluba is back in court"
1380:. AFP (IOL). 10 July 2007.
1366:. AFP (IOL). 27 July 2007.
1277:. AFP (IOL). 12 June 2007.
1202:. The Law Society Gazette.
1127:. Sapa (IOL). 13 May 2007.
707:Chiluba's legacy to Zambia
635:Transparency International
626:2006 presidential election
584:Anti-Corruption Commission
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1305:. DPA (IOL). 30 May 2007.
1291:. AFP (IOL). 25 May 2007.
1052:"Chiluba's wife arrested"
767:11 September 2012 at the
526:Africa during the 1990s.
278:
255:Regina Mwanza (2002–2011)
128:
69:
57:
48:
1504:"Chiluba endorses Banda"
1034:"No way out for Chiluba"
964:. BBC. 29 October 2014.
178:Cause of death
1005:, BBC News, 4 May 2007.
474:Some candidates in the
213:15.421884°S 28.309314°E
936:Journal of African Law
663:Christianity in Zambia
218:-15.421884; 28.309314
2145:Zambian Pentecostals
2135:Presidents of Zambia
1648:Presidents of Zambia
1583:Trade union offices
404:improve this section
366:born-again Christian
330:First Lady of Zambia
1566:President of Zambia
1510:), 27 January 2010.
1341:on 15 November 2008
1247:] to the State"
293:president of Zambia
209: /
64:President of Zambia
1714:* Acting President
1695:Hakainde Hichilema
1551:Political offices
1113:on 1 October 2007.
1058:on 1 October 2007.
895:2011-07-15 at the
843:2011-07-03 at the
709:. BBC. 4 May 2007.
645:Chiluba died of a
524:debt restructuring
347:(MMD), in Lusaka.
2130:People from Kitwe
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1664:Frederick Chiluba
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1606:Succeeded by
1597:President of the
1573:Succeeded by
1433:on 19 April 2008.
1398:on 16 April 2008.
879:978-1-84511-285-1
819:. AccessMyLibrary
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1533:External links
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341:Regina Mwanza
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324:Personal life
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148:30 April 1943
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1967:
1679:Michael Sata
1674:Rupiah Banda
1663:
1596:
1591:New position
1590:
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1506:, Sapa-AFP (
1499:
1485:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1439:
1431:the original
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1386:
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1343:. Retrieved
1339:the original
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1185:The Guardian
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1147:. Retrieved
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821:. Retrieved
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730:. Retrieved
724:
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647:heart attack
644:
630:Rupiah Banda
622:Michael Sata
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569:South Africa
566:
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487:coup attempt
484:
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441:
426:
417:
402:Please help
390:
362:Michael Sata
355:
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349:
327:
314:
284:
283:
192:Embassy Park
182:Heart Attack
163:(2011-06-18)
161:18 June 2011
118:Succeeded by
71:
36:
2120:2011 deaths
2115:1943 births
2039:Hailemariam
1690:Edgar Lungu
1539:Appearances
1345:25 December
816:Zambia Post
576:Peter Smith
272:Trade Union
253:(19??–2000)
229:Nationality
216: /
106:Preceded by
2109:Categories
2079:Tshisekedi
2044:Abdel Aziz
1958:Bouteflika
1803:Boumédiène
669:References
580:Iqbal Meer
546:Corruption
539:World Bank
519:John Major
333:Vera Tembo
311:Early life
268:Profession
251:Vera Tembo
204:28°18′34″E
201:15°25′19″S
144:1943-04-30
2094:Ghazouani
2089:Assoumani
2074:Ramaphosa
2024:Mutharika
1973:Mwanawasa
1918:Babangida
1843:Ramgoolam
1823:Hassan II
1684:Guy Scott
942:(1): 11.
624:, in the
508:socialist
420:June 2011
391:does not
247:Spouse(s)
72:In office
1999:Obasanjo
1994:Chissano
1953:Compaoré
1913:Museveni
1878:Mengistu
1793:Selassie
1773:Selassie
1755:and the
1463:BBC News
1335:VOA News
1149:12 March
1093:BBC News
1075:BBC News
893:Archived
841:Archived
765:Archived
657:See also
463:Malawian
450:Politics
357:The Post
318:Kawambwa
274:official
260:Children
2019:Gaddafi
2014:Kikwete
2004:Nguesso
1968:Chiluba
1963:Eyadéma
1933:Ben Ali
1928:Mubarak
1908:Mubarak
1893:Nguesso
1883:Nyerere
1868:Stevens
1863:Senghor
1858:Tolbert
1853:Nimeiry
1783:Nkrumah
823:18 June
794:18 June
732:18 June
412:removed
397:sources
289:Zambian
232:Zambian
18:Chiluba
2064:Kagame
2049:Mugabe
2029:Obiang
2009:Kufuor
1948:Mugabe
1903:Traoré
1898:Kaunda
1818:Daddah
1813:Kaunda
1808:Ahidjo
1798:Mobutu
1788:Ankrah
1778:Nasser
1543:C-SPAN
986:
967:again.
948:745693
946:
877:
372:Unions
172:Zambia
168:Lusaka
2059:Condé
1989:Mbeki
1938:Meles
1923:Diouf
1888:Diouf
1848:Bongo
1833:Barre
1828:Gowon
944:JSTOR
641:Death
480:Zaire
2084:Sall
2069:Sisi
2054:Déby
2034:Boni
1943:Biya
1838:Amin
1347:2008
1151:2010
984:ISBN
875:ISBN
825:2011
796:2011
734:2011
537:and
395:any
393:cite
158:Died
138:Born
62:2nd
1873:Moi
1541:on
1508:IOL
1245:sic
535:IMF
406:by
241:MMD
2111::
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