335:, Chile's southernmost region, in "agricultural alert" caused by drought. The events leading up this situation are the years of 2022 and 2021 which had low precipitations. 2021 in particular was the fourth driest known year since meteorological records began.
679:
SangĂŒesa, Claudia, Roberto
Pizarro, Ben Ingram, Francisco Balocchi, Pablo GarcĂa-Chevesich, Juan Pino, Alfredo Ibåñez, Carlos Vallejos, Romina Mendoza, Alejandra Bernal, and et al. 2023. "Streamflow Trends in Central Chile." Hydrology 10, no. 7: 144.
415:
Muñoz, Ariel; Klock-BarrĂa, Karin; Ălvarez-GarretĂłn, Camila; Aguilera, Isabella; GonzĂĄlez-Reyes, Ălvaro; Lastra, JosĂ© A.; ChĂĄvez, Roberto O.; BarrĂa, Pilar; Christie, Duncan; Rojas-Badilla, MoisĂ©s; LeQuesne, Carlos (2020-04-29).
260:. In April 2022, Chile instituted a four-tiered water rationing plan; the second level included a public announcement, the third would lower water pressure and the most extreme level would rotate water stoppages for 24 hours.
800:
1003:
44:
29:
653:
550:
832:
290:
is since 2018 a dry lake. The drying of lake is the result of below-average rainfall over the past decade and also because of human activity which are diverting rivers and pumping
946:
918:
184:
607:"The Influence of River Discharge on Nutrient Export and Phytoplankton Biomass Off the Central Chile Coast (33°â37°S): Seasonal Cycle and Interannual Variability"
721:
417:
888:
449:
248:
By 2020, nearly 500,000 Chileans relied on water transport trucks and tens of thousands of animals died from drought. In 2021, research published by the
256:
partially caused by climate change was exacerbating the drought. By 2022, Chile was ranked 16th of 164 for water stress in the world according to the
1044:
199:. The sale of water rights has been one of the primary factors that led to lower water levels in some areas. Chile's economy developed into mainly
861:
522:
215:
Chile began to experience a drought in 2010 and by 2020, precipitation was 20â45% of average nationally and 10â20% of average in the area of
159:
and the existing policies established in the early 1980s. It is the longest lasting drought experienced in Chile in over 700 to 1,000 years.
492:
156:
1034:
638:
1029:
328:
975:
772:
180:
108:
241:
A 2018 study found that in the 2010-2014 period, nutrient values in the plumes of rivers discharging to the
Pacific in
810:
605:
Masotti, Italo; Aparicio-Rizzo, Pilar; Yevenes, Mariela A.; Garreaud, RenĂ©; Belmar, Lucy; FarĂas, Laura (2018-11-22).
425:
388:
694:
152:
699:
253:
162:
The megadrought that begun in 2010 have contributed to make large swathes of Chile more prone to wildfire. In
577:
1039:
166:
much natural vegetation have experienced reduced chlorophyll levels and vigor as result of the megadrought.
204:
632:
307:
349:
in
January 2023 has been credited to low discharge rates caused by excessive uptakes of water upstream.
227:, it was found in 2011 that large agricultural companies were stealing water from water outlets of the
207:âconsumed 59% of Chile's water, agriculture used 37% and only 2% was allocated for human consumption.
658:
224:
801:"Rodeados de paltos, pero sin agua para el consumo: el drama de zonas con escasez hĂdrica en Chile"
257:
220:
1008:
951:
862:"The mystery of a disappearing lake and the struggle over water rights in Chile | DW | 08.03.2022"
805:
450:"Impactos de los incendios forestales de magnitud en ĂĄreas silvestres protegidas de Chile Central"
418:"Crisis hĂdrica en la cuenca de Petorca: una combinaciĂłn entre la megasequĂa y el manejo del agua"
249:
43:
28:
332:
654:"El aporte de nutrientes de los rĂos a la costas chilenas bajĂł a la mitad por la megasequĂa"
618:
463:
454:
361:
287:
188:
148:
452:[Impacts of severe wildfires in the protected wilderness areas of central Chile].
1004:"RĂo Maipo vuelve a desembocar en el mar tras construcciĂłn de zanja para encauzar caudal"
889:"El embalse chileno de Peñuelas se seca mientras la histĂłrica sequĂa entra en su 13Âș año"
203:
and due to the privatization of water; by 2022, forestryârepresenting 3% of the nation's
747:
527:
144:
103:
1023:
273:
242:
235:
228:
192:
163:
113:
468:
976:"RĂo Maipo no desemboca en el mar desde el jueves pasado: Las razones del fenĂłmeno"
777:
555:
497:
448:
FaĂșndez
Pinilla, Jorge; Castillo Soto, Miguel; Navarro Cerrillo, Rafael M. (2023).
200:
196:
833:"ÂżEl fin de la laguna de Aculeo? Ăltimas lluvias tienen cero impacto en su caudal"
234:
The
Drought is caused by an anomalous and persistent blob of high pressure in the
191:
and in 1981, his government rewrote laws regulating water, granting the sale and
980:
773:"Chile announces unprecedented plan to ration water as drought enters 13th year"
523:"The mystery of a disappearing lake and the struggle over water rights in Chile"
346:
338:
291:
53:
223:, the drought was the most extreme in the area in over 1,000 years. During the
840:
582:
493:"'Consequences will be dire': Chile's water crisis is reaching breaking point"
623:
606:
238:, which has been attributed to reduced moisture and a lack of precipitation.
923:
722:"Climate change fueling warm ocean 'blob' causing Chile megadrought - study"
681:
342:
919:"Chile declara por primera vez alerta por sequĂa en la austral Magallanes"
314:
277:
216:
56:
in 2016 (top) at about 88% capacity and in 2020 (bottom) at 40% capacity.
726:
313:
For the first time in history, a water rationing plan is announced for
295:
91:
947:"Oficial: hay sequĂa en Magallanes, por primera vez en la historia"
81:
393:
122:
97:
87:
77:
61:
551:"The heavy price of Santiago's privatised water"
8:
16:
578:"El aguacate que llega a Europa seca Chile"
341:'s apparent inability to break through its
913:
911:
909:
883:
881:
15:
682:https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10070144
622:
467:
276:dries out according to Lorena Donaire of
443:
441:
219:. According to René D. Garreaud, of the
373:
245:fell to half of their historic values.
630:
298:, which both had replenished the lake.
695:"Chile drought enters critical phase"
576:Freixas, Meritxell (March 22, 2019).
7:
517:
515:
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
383:
381:
379:
377:
195:of water in a manner similar to the
652:del Mar Parra, MarĂa (2023-06-30).
799:Salgado, Daniela (April 6, 2021).
720:Garrison, Cassandra (2021-08-26).
693:Newman, Lucia (10 February 2020).
389:"A Strained Water System in Chile"
272:â First year in modern times that
14:
974:Olivares Nieto, B. (2023-01-26).
945:Lara, Emilio (January 13, 2023).
128:Tens of thousands of dead animals
549:Gallagher, Daniel (2016-09-15).
185:dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet
42:
27:
1045:21st-century disasters in Chile
469:10.4067/s0717-92002023000100083
1002:Zamarin, Felipe (2023-01-28).
860:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche.
1:
831:Montes, Carlos (2022-07-22).
637:: CS1 maint: date and year (
327:For the first time ever, the
109:Ridiculously Resilient Ridge
811:Radio France Internationale
611:Frontiers in Marine Science
426:Austral University of Chile
1061:
153:response to climate change
1035:Droughts in South America
21:
927:(in Spanish). 2023-01-13
895:(in Spanish). 2022-06-21
754:(in Spanish). 2022-05-02
624:10.3389/fmars.2018.00423
1030:Climate change in Chile
329:Ministry of Agriculture
143:is a period of extreme
236:Southern Pacific Ocean
205:gross domestic product
187:recognizes water as a
157:agricultural practices
151:that began in 2010 in
781:. Reuters. 2022-04-11
181:Constitution of Chile
748:"La crisis del agua"
225:Petorca water crisis
175:Economy and politics
141:Chilean water crisis
17:Chilean water crisis
258:University of Chile
221:University of Chile
18:
308:Embalse de Peñuela
250:Journal of Climate
183:created under the
333:Magallanes Region
137:
136:
54:El Yeso reservoir
1052:
1014:
1013:
999:
993:
992:
990:
989:
971:
965:
964:
962:
960:
942:
936:
935:
933:
932:
915:
904:
903:
901:
900:
885:
876:
875:
873:
872:
857:
851:
850:
848:
847:
828:
822:
821:
819:
817:
796:
790:
789:
787:
786:
769:
763:
762:
760:
759:
744:
738:
737:
735:
734:
717:
711:
710:
708:
707:
690:
684:
677:
671:
670:
668:
667:
649:
643:
642:
636:
628:
626:
602:
596:
595:
593:
591:
573:
567:
566:
564:
563:
546:
540:
539:
537:
536:
519:
510:
509:
507:
506:
489:
474:
473:
471:
445:
436:
435:
433:
432:
412:
406:
405:
403:
402:
385:
362:Drought in Chile
288:Laguna de Aculeo
189:private property
149:drought in Chile
72:
70:
46:
31:
19:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1001:
1000:
996:
987:
985:
973:
972:
968:
958:
956:
944:
943:
939:
930:
928:
917:
916:
907:
898:
896:
887:
886:
879:
870:
868:
859:
858:
854:
845:
843:
830:
829:
825:
815:
813:
798:
797:
793:
784:
782:
771:
770:
766:
757:
755:
746:
745:
741:
732:
730:
719:
718:
714:
705:
703:
692:
691:
687:
678:
674:
665:
663:
659:El Desconcierto
651:
650:
646:
629:
604:
603:
599:
589:
587:
575:
574:
570:
561:
559:
548:
547:
543:
534:
532:
521:
520:
513:
504:
502:
491:
490:
477:
447:
446:
439:
430:
428:
414:
413:
409:
400:
398:
387:
386:
375:
370:
358:
266:
254:"Southern Blob"
213:
177:
172:
131:Water rationing
68:
66:
57:
51:
50:
49:
48:
47:
36:
35:
34:
33:
32:
12:
11:
5:
1058:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1040:Water in Chile
1037:
1032:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1015:
994:
966:
937:
905:
877:
852:
823:
809:(in Spanish).
791:
764:
739:
712:
685:
672:
644:
597:
568:
541:
528:Deutsche Welle
511:
475:
458:(in Spanish).
437:
424:(in Spanish).
407:
372:
371:
369:
366:
365:
364:
357:
354:
353:
352:
351:
350:
336:
320:
319:
318:
311:
306:The reservoir
299:
281:
265:
264:Notable events
262:
252:stated that a
212:
209:
176:
173:
171:
168:
145:water scarcity
135:
134:
133:
132:
129:
124:
120:
119:
118:
117:
111:
106:
104:Climate change
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
63:
59:
58:
52:
41:
40:
39:
38:
37:
26:
25:
24:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1057:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1011:
1010:
1009:Radio BĂo-BĂo
1005:
998:
995:
983:
982:
977:
970:
967:
954:
953:
952:Radio BĂo-BĂo
948:
941:
938:
926:
925:
920:
914:
912:
910:
906:
894:
890:
884:
882:
878:
867:
863:
856:
853:
842:
838:
834:
827:
824:
812:
808:
807:
806:Radio BĂo-BĂo
802:
795:
792:
780:
779:
774:
768:
765:
753:
752:Interferencia
749:
743:
740:
729:
728:
723:
716:
713:
702:
701:
696:
689:
686:
683:
676:
673:
661:
660:
655:
648:
645:
640:
634:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
601:
598:
585:
584:
579:
572:
569:
558:
557:
552:
545:
542:
530:
529:
524:
518:
516:
512:
500:
499:
494:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
476:
470:
465:
461:
457:
456:
451:
444:
442:
438:
427:
423:
419:
411:
408:
396:
395:
390:
384:
382:
380:
378:
374:
367:
363:
360:
359:
355:
348:
344:
340:
337:
334:
330:
326:
325:
324:
321:
316:
312:
309:
305:
304:
303:
300:
297:
293:
289:
285:
282:
279:
275:
274:Petorca River
271:
268:
267:
263:
261:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
243:Central Chile
239:
237:
232:
230:
229:Petorca River
226:
222:
218:
210:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:privatization
190:
186:
182:
174:
169:
167:
165:
164:Central Chile
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
130:
127:
126:
125:
121:
115:
114:Privatization
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
64:
60:
55:
45:
30:
20:
1007:
997:
986:. Retrieved
984:(in Spanish)
979:
969:
957:. Retrieved
955:(in Spanish)
950:
940:
929:. Retrieved
922:
897:. Retrieved
892:
869:. Retrieved
865:
855:
844:. Retrieved
836:
826:
814:. Retrieved
804:
794:
783:. Retrieved
778:The Guardian
776:
767:
756:. Retrieved
751:
742:
731:. Retrieved
725:
715:
704:. Retrieved
698:
688:
675:
664:. Retrieved
662:(in Spanish)
657:
647:
633:cite journal
614:
610:
600:
588:. Retrieved
586:(in Spanish)
581:
571:
560:. Retrieved
556:The Guardian
554:
544:
533:. Retrieved
531:. 2022-03-08
526:
503:. Retrieved
501:. 2022-06-01
498:The Guardian
496:
459:
453:
429:. Retrieved
421:
410:
399:. Retrieved
397:. 2020-04-14
392:
345:following a
322:
301:
283:
269:
247:
240:
233:
214:
201:extractivism
197:stock market
178:
161:
140:
138:
959:January 24,
422:Diario UACh
347:storm surge
339:Maipo River
292:groundwater
1024:Categories
988:2023-01-27
931:2023-01-27
899:2023-01-27
871:2022-03-29
846:2023-01-07
841:La Tercera
785:2022-06-08
758:2022-06-08
733:2022-06-08
706:2022-06-08
700:Al Jazeera
666:2023-07-01
562:2022-12-10
535:2022-06-08
505:2022-06-08
431:2021-07-21
401:2022-06-08
368:References
924:Swissinfo
343:mouth bar
331:declares
310:dries up.
179:The 1980
837:Qué Pasa
816:July 12,
590:July 21,
356:See also
315:Santiago
296:aquifers
278:Modatima
217:Santiago
116:of water
78:Location
73:-present
727:Reuters
583:El PaĂs
211:Drought
170:History
123:Outcome
92:Drought
67: (
866:DW.COM
455:Bosque
893:iagua
462:(2).
294:from
98:Cause
82:Chile
981:Emol
961:2023
818:2021
639:link
592:2021
394:NASA
323:2023
302:2022
284:2018
270:1985
147:and
139:The
88:Type
69:2010
65:2010
62:Date
619:doi
464:doi
231:.
1026::
1006:.
978:.
949:.
921:.
908:^
891:.
880:^
864:.
839:.
835:.
803:.
775:.
750:.
724:.
697:.
656:.
635:}}
631:{{
617:.
613:.
609:.
580:.
553:.
525:.
514:^
495:.
478:^
460:44
440:^
420:.
391:.
376:^
286:â
155:,
1012:.
991:.
963:.
934:.
902:.
874:.
849:.
820:.
788:.
761:.
736:.
709:.
669:.
641:)
627:.
621::
615:5
594:.
565:.
538:.
508:.
472:.
466::
434:.
404:.
317:.
280:.
71:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
