1634:
445:
63:
1930:
100:
1690:
1650:
1700:
85:
1952:
1942:
1660:
1881:
75:
112:
1972:
1680:
511:
1903:
1804:
1794:
1784:
1727:
2015:
1992:
1871:
1834:
1767:
165:
1920:
1851:
1893:
1814:
1737:
2002:
428:
1962:
1717:
1670:
1824:
1757:
1747:
1861:
621:
that include 300 bird species. Forest degradation takes at least 50 years to regenerate, and regeneration efforts are not keeping pace with the rate of further deforestation. Soil erosion, negative effects on species' feeding and reproductive cycles, fragmentation of habitat, and loss of species are all consequences of this large-scale deforestation.
408:
Chocó has a diverse geography, unique ecosystems and unexploited natural resources; however, its population has one of the lowest standards of living of all departments in
Colombia. A major factor cited by the government is the rugged, montane rainforest environment and the hot, hyperhumid climate.
620:
El Pangán ProAves
Reserve, in the biogeographic region of Chocó, charged with protecting area's biodiversity, with special consideration of protecting bird species, is greatly challenged and not sufficiently equipped to meet the numerous conservation threats to a great diversity of fauna and flora
409:
These factors have limited any significant infrastructure improvements to the region, and Chocó remains one of the most isolated regions of
Colombia, with no major transportation infrastructure built since initial foundations were laid down in 1967 for a highway connecting Chocó with the city of
416:
The area has little access to medical care. In August 2016, Colombian media reported that some 50 children starved in less than three months, creating awareness of the grave condition Choco’s inhabitants are facing. That same year, an additional 10 adults and senior citizens, of the indigenous
608:
Measuring the extent of biodiversity loss in Chocó thus far was previously difficult due to the remoteness of most of the region. However, with advances in LiDAR imaging and the efforts of various nonprofit conservation organizations, there is much documentation to identify and quantify the
604:
Threats to this rich biodiversity, despite the region's conservation priority status, are many. Approximately 80% of the forest has been converted to other uses, such as slash-and-burn and intensive agriculture, inappropriate and illegal logging, and cattle ranching.
616:
For example, a 2019 analysis of more than 80,000 ha of LiDAR samples to quantify the vegetation structure, disturbance, and elevation in Chocó forests, a loss of more than 115 million tons of dry biomass, or 58 million tons of carbon was documented.
573:. Much of the wood for Colombia's internal consumption is harvested from the Chocó, with a small percentage harvested for export. Chocó Department produces the majority of Colombia's significant
1935:
349:
385:
population in the nation, and a large population of
Amerindian and mixed African-Amerindian Colombians. It is in the west of the country, and is the only Colombian department to have
1091:
1028:
2055:
1614:
581:-producing region (653,625 ounces in 2011). In the late 19th century, it attracted a variety of miners from many countries seeking to make their fortunes in gold.
549:, measured at 13,300 millimetres (520 in; 43.6 ft) which makes it the wettest place in the world. Three large rivers drain the Chocó Department, the
266:
417:
community in Chocó, died due to preventable causes such as malaria and diarrhea. In spite of the department’s ranking of “world's rainiest lowland” (the
1160:
1633:
465:
597:, it contains the 'greatest plant biodiversity on the planet (and) twenty-five percent of the plant and bird species living in this region are
472:
in 1510 and disestablished in 1524, just 14 years later. The department was created in 1944. Its low population, mountainous and inhospitable
1607:
1075:
243:
125:
1095:
712:
594:
418:
1581:
1467:
1416:
1306:
1117:
760:
724:
1037:
711:
The Chocó is inhabited predominantly by Afro-Colombians, descendants of enslaved
Africans imported and brought to this area by the
1562:
84:
2050:
1600:
566:
1654:
374:
182:
569:
are cut by low valleys, with an altitude less than 1,000 meters, that form most of the territory. Most of the Chocó is thick
1356:
Meyer, Victoria; Saatchi, Sassan; Ferraz, António; Xu, Liang; Duque, Alvaro; García, Mariano; Chave, Jérôme (23 March 2019).
1568:
444:
1886:
99:
2045:
111:
1501:
177:
74:
1587:
1331:
469:
449:
1036:. Fondo para el Logro de los Objetivos del Milenio, United Nations Development Programme. p. 11. Archived from
727:
people. More than half of their total population in
Colombia lives in Chocó, some 35,500. They practice hunting and
1977:
1542:
489:
327:
480:
resulted in Chocó receiving little attention from the
Colombian government. During the reign of military dictator
62:
892:
610:
554:
499:
157:
1580:
Forests of the biogeographic region of Chocó in critical danger of disappearing, ProAves. 23 November, 2020.
1280:
1798:
1684:
1623:
902:
424:), with close to 400 inches (10,000 mm) of annual precipitation, Quibdó lacks sanitary drinking water.
370:
337:
53:
1929:
1552:
974:
1838:
590:
481:
1907:
1808:
1788:
1731:
1694:
1582:
https://proaves.org/en/forests-of-the-biogeographic-region-of-choco-in-critical-danger-of-disappearing/
994:
872:
1996:
1946:
1924:
1875:
1855:
1704:
1664:
917:
485:
484:, his administration proposed to eliminate Chocó and divide its territory between the departments of
189:
1897:
1818:
1741:
1689:
897:
806:
789:
is the largest city, with a population of almost 100,000. Other important cities and towns include
1699:
1240:
510:
2006:
1586:
Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena-Threats, Critical
Ecosystem Partnership Fund, Conservation International.
1195:
1553:"Mision de Observacion a la Situación de las Comunidades Afrodescendientes en Colombia: Anexo 1"
1545:
Analyse multi-aléas et risques naturels dans le département du Chocó (nord-ouest de la
Colombie)
1007:
969:
802:
734:
The total population as of 2005 was less than half a million, with more than half living in the
562:
519:
1941:
1659:
1561:- local newspaper founded by Elacio Murillo, former member of the Choco state assembly who was
1479:
1966:
1721:
1674:
1649:
1397:
1379:
1071:
1067:
494:
1956:
1880:
1828:
1761:
1751:
1387:
1369:
382:
365:
43:
1951:
1865:
1215:
728:
862:
814:
1971:
1679:
1543:
Mosquera-Machados, Silvia del Carmen (2002) "Cadre général du département du Choco" in
1524:
1392:
1357:
937:
932:
720:
558:
394:
289:
601:.' Globally, Chocó is among 25 regions classified as priority biodiversity hotspots.
2039:
867:
847:
798:
742:
546:
432:
390:
320:
1902:
1803:
1793:
1783:
1726:
959:
435:
and the break in the Pan-American
Highway between Yaviza, Panama and Turbo, Colombia
2014:
1991:
1870:
927:
550:
199:
1833:
1766:
1588:
https://www.cepf.net/our-work/biodiversity-hotspots/tumbes-choco-magdalena/threats
964:
821:
1417:"Forests of the biogeographic region of Chocó in critical danger of disappearing"
1307:"Forests of the biogeographic region of Chocó in critical danger of disappearing"
1919:
1850:
882:
756:
738:
valley. According to a 2005 census the ethnic composition of the department is:
527:
410:
17:
1892:
1813:
1736:
1134:
2001:
1374:
570:
473:
1383:
140:
127:
1961:
1716:
1669:
427:
421:
386:
303:
2019:
1823:
1756:
1746:
1401:
989:
953:
942:
912:
877:
857:
842:
825:
810:
786:
735:
477:
402:
204:
1860:
1592:
947:
922:
829:
774:
716:
598:
577:
output (28,359 ounces of platinum in 2011). Chocó is also Colombia's top
574:
542:
461:
378:
315:
217:
170:
1574:
1539:
Choco Department Tourism and Trip Planning website (English and Spanish)
1358:"Forest degradation and biomass loss along the Chocó region of Colombia"
1255:
1161:"Chocó strikes to force government action on healthcare, infrastructure"
1569:
Alternative Development, Economic Interests and Paramilitaries in Uraba
1199:
984:
979:
907:
887:
794:
790:
770:
746:
535:
852:
766:
531:
453:
398:
308:
1571:, TNI Drug Policy Briefing No 27, September 2008 by Moritz Tenthoff
750:
509:
443:
1502:"La visibilización estadística de los grupos étnicos colombianos"
1475:
1441:
643:
578:
1596:
1184:
Slavery on the Spanish Frontier: The Colombian Chocó, 1680-1810
553:(which runs north, with tributaries that also flow north), the
295:
1421:
Fundación ProAves - por la conservación en el país de las aves
1311:
Fundación ProAves - por la conservación en el país de las aves
1558:
1536:
526:
The Chocó Department makes up most of the ecoregion known as
638:
1243:
Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation
545:
holds the record for the world’s highest average annual
1448:. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísitica
1478:, Colombia: elpais.com. 23 March 2007. Archived from
1030:
Chocó: La dimensión territorial y el logro de los ODM
502:
overthrew Pinilla's government and ended such plans.
1135:"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"
460:
The first city founded by conquistadors in mainland
336:
326:
314:
302:
285:
280:
272:
262:
254:
249:
239:
231:
226:
215:
210:
198:
188:
176:
156:
37:
1062:Kline, Harvey F. (2012). "Chocó, Department of".
1222:(in Spanish). Bogotá: Semana.com. 31 March 2007
719:. The second largest race/ethnic group are the
1182:Parsons, James J. (November 1978), "Review of
456:, founder of Santa María la Antigua del Darién
1608:
1066:. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p.
8:
629:
397:. It contains all of Colombia's border with
32:Department in Pacific/Chocó Region, Colombia
2056:States and territories established in 1947
1641:
1615:
1601:
1593:
628:
34:
1391:
1373:
1332:"Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena - Threats | CEPF"
1118:"Producto Interno Bruto por departamento"
820:Resorts and Tourist destinations include
1210:
1208:
1027:Meyer, Irina Marún; et al. (2012).
426:
1241:NOAA Satellite and Information Service
1188:The Hispanic American Historical Review
1019:
335:
313:
301:
279:
248:
235:46,530 km (17,970 sq mi)
225:
209:
197:
187:
155:
120:
96:
68:
59:
589:The Chocó is a Key Biodiversity Area (
1575:https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/
1194:(4), Duke University Press: 717–718,
364:
325:
284:
271:
261:
253:
238:
230:
214:
175:
108:
7:
832:, and Solano Bay on the West Coast.
1525:todacolombia.com – Chocó Department
222:Ariel Palacios Calderón (2020–2023)
1415:Salaman, Paul (23 November 2020).
1305:Salaman, Paul (23 November 2020).
595:United Nations Development Program
25:
1468:"86 tribus subsisten en Colombia"
1281:"Sustainable Development Success"
1064:Historical Dictionary of Colombia
561:. Each has many tributaries. The
466:Santa María la Antigua del Darién
2013:
2000:
1990:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1940:
1928:
1918:
1901:
1891:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1832:
1822:
1812:
1802:
1792:
1782:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1698:
1688:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1648:
1632:
163:
110:
98:
83:
73:
61:
381:known for hosting the largest
1:
1362:Carbon Balance and Management
1186:by William Frederick Sharp",
1159:Jared Wade (16 August 2016).
1547:Université de Genève, Geneva
1260:www.keybiodiversityareas.org
824:on the Caribbean Coast, and
813:on the Caribbean Coast, and
565:on the coast and the inland
116:Topography of the department
2072:
1256:"KeyBiodiversityAreas.org"
419:Chocó–Darién moist forests
1639:
1630:
1375:10.1186/s13021-019-0117-9
1163:. The City Paper - Bogotá
704:
656:—
611:environmental degradation
518:is covered mostly by the
121:
109:
97:
69:
60:
51:
1216:"¿Se debe acabar Chocó?"
782:Towns and municipalities
613:and biodiversity loss.
42:Departamento del Chocó (
41:
2051:Departments of Colombia
1624:Departments of Colombia
2011:Capital district:
1577:Key Biodiversity Areas
1563:assassinated by gunmen
893:El Cantón de San Pablo
817:on the Pacific Coast.
731:and live near rivers.
523:
500:Gabriel París Gordillo
457:
436:
362:Spanish pronunciation:
27:Department of Colombia
1139:hdi.globaldatalab.org
715:after conquering the
630:Historical population
567:Cordillera Occidental
513:
482:Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
470:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
450:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
447:
430:
276:11/km (30/sq mi)
1482:on 27 September 2007
1442:"Reloj de Población"
918:Litoral del San Juan
903:El Carmen del Darién
593:). According to the
541:The municipality of
476:, and distance from
273: • Density
183:Pacific/Chocó Region
1565:on 12 January 2007.
1098:on 13 November 2009
1043:on 22 February 2013
975:San José del Palmar
898:El Carmen de Atrato
807:El Carmen de Atrato
631:
137: /
39:Department of Chocó
995:Unión Panamericana
713:Spanish colonizers
530:that extends from
524:
458:
437:
286: • Total
255: • Total
232: • Total
104:Choco shown in red
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
1077:978-0-8108-7813-6
809:in the interior,
709:
708:
401:. Its capital is
355:
354:
263: • Rank
240: • Rank
16:(Redirected from
2063:
2046:Chocó Department
2017:
2004:
1994:
1980:
1974:
1964:
1954:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1922:
1905:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1873:
1863:
1853:
1836:
1826:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1769:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1729:
1719:
1702:
1692:
1682:
1672:
1662:
1652:
1642:
1636:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1594:
1523:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1377:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1252:
1246:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1094:. Archived from
1088:
1082:
1081:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1035:
1024:
645:
640:
632:
516:Chocó Department
368:
366:[tʃoˈko]
363:
358:Chocó Department
347:
169:
167:
166:
152:
151:
149:
148:
147:
142:
141:5.700°N 76.667°W
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
114:
102:
87:
77:
65:
35:
21:
18:Choco Department
2071:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2012:
2010:
2009:
1999:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1978:Valle del Cauca
1976:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1934:
1927:
1912:
1911:
1900:
1890:
1885:
1878:
1868:
1858:
1843:
1842:
1831:
1821:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1724:
1709:
1708:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1657:
1637:
1626:
1621:
1533:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1315:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1206:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1122:www.dane.gov.co
1116:
1115:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1008:Bojayá massacre
1004:
999:
873:Belén de Bajirá
838:
784:
729:artisan fishing
725:Native American
627:
587:
563:Baudó Mountains
520:Baudó Mountains
508:
492:. But the 1957
490:Valle del Cauca
442:
361:
345:
344:
293:
194:3 November 1947
164:
162:
145:
143:
139:
136:
131:
128:
126:
124:
123:
117:
105:
93:
92:
91:
90:
81:
80:
56:
47:
40:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2069:
2067:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2038:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2025:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1556:
1550:
1540:
1537:VisitChoco.com
1532:
1531:External links
1529:
1528:
1527:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1493:
1474:(in Spanish).
1459:
1433:
1407:
1348:
1323:
1297:
1272:
1247:
1233:
1204:
1174:
1151:
1126:
1109:
1083:
1076:
1054:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1003:
1000:
998:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
950:
945:
940:
938:Medio San Juan
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
839:
837:
836:Municipalities
834:
783:
780:
779:
778:
764:
754:
707:
706:
702:
701:
698:
695:
691:
690:
687:
684:
680:
679:
676:
673:
669:
668:
665:
662:
658:
657:
654:
651:
647:
646:
641:
636:
626:
623:
586:
583:
507:
504:
441:
438:
395:Atlantic Ocean
383:Afro-Colombian
375:Pacific region
353:
352:
341:
334:
333:
330:
328:Municipalities
324:
323:
318:
312:
311:
306:
300:
299:
287:
283:
282:
278:
277:
274:
270:
269:
264:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
233:
229:
228:
224:
223:
220:
213:
212:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
192:
186:
185:
180:
174:
173:
160:
154:
153:
146:5.700; -76.667
119:
118:
115:
107:
106:
103:
95:
94:
88:
82:
78:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
58:
57:
52:
49:
48:
38:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2068:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1830:
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1815:
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1795:
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1778:
1774:
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1768:
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1748:
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1728:
1723:
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1696:
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1548:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1507:(in Spanish).
1503:
1497:
1494:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
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1403:
1399:
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1367:
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1189:
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1127:
1123:
1119:
1113:
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1097:
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1084:
1079:
1073:
1069:
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1058:
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1013:
1009:
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1001:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
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976:
973:
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968:
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961:
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931:
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926:
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906:
904:
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869:
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849:
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835:
833:
831:
827:
823:
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796:
792:
788:
781:
776:
772:
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762:
758:
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748:
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741:
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739:
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732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
703:
699:
696:
693:
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688:
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677:
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655:
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637:
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624:
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618:
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606:
602:
600:
596:
592:
584:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
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560:
556:
552:
548:
547:precipitation
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
521:
517:
512:
505:
503:
501:
497:
496:
491:
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479:
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468:, founded by
467:
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455:
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439:
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429:
425:
423:
420:
414:
412:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Pacific Ocean
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
367:
359:
351:
342:
339:
331:
329:
322:
319:
317:
316:ISO 3166 code
310:
307:
305:
297:
292:6,002 billion
291:
288:
275:
268:
265:
257:
245:
242:
234:
221:
219:
216: •
206:
203:
201:
193:
191:
184:
181:
179:
172:
161:
159:
150:
122:Coordinates:
113:
101:
86:
76:
64:
55:
50:
45:
36:
30:
19:
1989:
1917:
1887:N. Santander
1848:
1799:Cundinamarca
1781:
1771:
1714:
1647:
1559:Choco 7 dias
1544:
1522:(in Spanish)
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1471:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1445:
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:
1410:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1339:. Retrieved
1336:www.cepf.net
1335:
1326:
1314:. Retrieved
1310:
1300:
1288:. Retrieved
1284:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1259:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1219:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1177:
1167:30 September
1165:. Retrieved
1154:
1144:13 September
1142:. Retrieved
1138:
1129:
1121:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:the original
1086:
1063:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1038:the original
1029:
1022:
952:
928:Medio Atrato
863:Bahía Solano
819:
815:Bahía Solano
785:
733:
710:
625:Demographics
619:
615:
607:
603:
588:
585:Biodiversity
540:
525:
515:
493:
459:
448:Monument to
415:
407:
389:on both the
357:
356:
298:1.4 billion)
89:Coat of arms
29:
1555:in Spanish;
1426:25 November
1341:25 November
1316:25 November
1290:25 November
1265:25 November
1102:13 February
1047:22 February
933:Medio Baudó
757:Amerindians
498:of General
495:coup d'état
431:Map of the
190:Established
144: /
2040:Categories
1936:San Andrés
1839:La Guajira
1516:References
1486:7 February
1285:www.un.org
1226:7 February
868:Bajo Baudó
848:Alto Baudó
799:Alto Baudó
761:Indigenous
571:rainforest
557:, and the
474:topography
433:Darién Gap
387:coastlines
371:department
350:30th of 33
250:Population
211:Government
54:Department
1947:Santander
1925:Risaralda
1856:Magdalena
1685:Atlántico
1665:Antioquia
1549:in French
1384:1750-0680
965:Río Quito
822:Capurganá
506:Geography
486:Antioquia
422:ecoregion
304:Time zone
1898:Putumayo
1819:Guaviare
1742:Casanare
1655:Amazonas
1402:30904964
1368:(1): 2.
1002:See also
970:Riosucio
883:Cértegui
803:Riosucio
775:Mestizos
771:Castizos
747:Mulattos
717:Americas
575:platinum
555:San Juan
528:El Chocó
411:Medellín
393:and the
379:Colombia
218:Governor
171:Colombia
2007:Vichada
1908:Quindío
1809:Guainía
1789:Córdoba
1732:Caquetá
1695:Bolívar
1472:El País
1393:6446973
1200:2513352
960:Río Iró
908:Istmina
888:Condoto
795:Condoto
791:Istmina
763:(12.7%)
753:(82.1%)
705:Source:
697:534,826
686:440,123
675:406,199
664:313,567
653:203,635
599:endemic
536:Ecuador
462:America
440:History
373:of the
369:) is a
258:534,826
200:Capital
158:Country
132:76°40′W
44:Spanish
2020:Bogotá
2018:
2005:
1997:Vaupés
1995:
1975:
1967:Tolima
1965:
1955:
1945:
1933:
1923:
1906:
1896:
1884:
1876:Nariño
1874:
1864:
1854:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1787:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1740:
1730:
1722:Caldas
1720:
1705:Boyacá
1703:
1693:
1683:
1675:Arauca
1673:
1663:
1653:
1452:6 July
1400:
1390:
1382:
1220:Semana
1198:
1092:"DANE"
1074:
990:Unguía
954:Quibdó
943:Nóvita
913:Juradó
878:Bojayá
858:Bagadó
853:Atrato
843:Acandí
826:Juradó
811:Acandí
787:Quibdó
777:(5.2%)
767:Whites
751:Zambos
743:Blacks
736:Quibdó
721:Embera
700:+21.5%
678:+29.5%
667:+54.0%
551:Atrato
532:Panama
478:Bogotá
454:Madrid
403:Quibdó
399:Panama
346:medium
340:(2019)
321:CO-CHO
309:UTC-05
205:Quibdó
178:Region
168:
129:5°42′N
1957:Sucre
1829:Huila
1772:Chocó
1762:Cesar
1752:Cauca
1505:(PDF)
1196:JSTOR
1041:(PDF)
1034:(PDF)
1014:Notes
948:Nuquí
923:Lloró
830:Nuquí
694:2018
689:+8.4%
683:2005
672:1993
661:1985
650:1973
559:Baudó
543:Lloró
343:0.696
1866:Meta
1488:2010
1476:Cali
1454:2017
1446:DANE
1428:2023
1398:PMID
1380:ISSN
1343:2023
1318:2023
1292:2023
1267:2023
1228:2010
1169:2022
1146:2018
1104:2013
1072:ISBN
1049:2013
985:Tadó
980:Sipí
805:and
773:and
749:and
723:, a
639:Pop.
635:Year
579:gold
514:The
488:and
464:was
296:US$
267:23rd
227:Area
79:Flag
1388:PMC
1370:doi
1068:109
759:or
591:KBA
534:to
452:in
377:of
338:HDI
290:COP
281:GDP
244:9th
2042::
1470:.
1444:.
1419:.
1396:.
1386:.
1378:.
1366:14
1364:.
1360:.
1334:.
1309:.
1283:.
1258:.
1218:.
1207:^
1192:58
1190:,
1137:.
1120:,
1070:.
828:,
801:,
797:,
793:,
769:,
745:,
644:±%
538:.
413:.
405:.
348:·
332:31
1616:e
1609:t
1602:v
1490:.
1456:.
1430:.
1404:.
1372::
1345:.
1320:.
1294:.
1269:.
1230:.
1171:.
1148:.
1106:.
1080:.
1051:.
522:.
360:(
294:(
46:)
20:)
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