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288:, urged by the Tlaxcalans, the enemies of the Cholulans. Cortés confronted the city leaders in the main temple alleging that they were planning to attack his men. They admitted that they had been ordered to resist by Moctezuma, but they claimed they had not followed his orders. Regardless, on command, the Spaniards seized and killed many of the local nobles to serve as a lesson.
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3,000 people and had burned the city. Another witness, Vázquez de Tapia, claimed the death toll was as high as 30,000. However, since the women and children, and many men, had already fled the city, it is unlikely that so many were killed. Regardless, the massacre of the nobility of
Cholula was a notorious chapter in the conquest of Mexico.
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had apparently decided to resist with force the advance of Cortés and his troops, and it seems that
Moctezuma ordered the leaders of Cholula to try to stop the Spanish. Cholula had a very small army, because as a sacred city they put their confidence in their prestige and their gods. According to the
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They captured the
Cholulan leaders Tlaquiach and Tlalchiac and then ordered the city to be set on fire. The troops started in the palace of Xacayatzin, and then on to Chialinco and Yetzcoloc. In letters to his King, Cortés claimed that in three hours time his troops (helped by the Tlaxcalans) killed
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indicates that the massacre of
Cholula began after Cortés captured and killed Cholulteca leaders, unleashing with this act the slaughter of 6000 people in less than two hours. According to his letters of relationship, Cortés affirms that he made this decision as a preventive action before a possible
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The Azteca and
Tlaxcalteca histories of the events leading up to the massacre vary; the Tlaxcalteca claimed that their ambassador Patlahuatzin was sent to Cholula and had been tortured by the Cholula. Thus, Cortés was avenging him by attacking Cholula.(Historia de Tlaxcala, por Diego Muñoz Camargo,
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In one of his responses to Cortés, Moctezuma blamed the commanders of the local Aztec garrison for the resistance in
Cholula, and recognizing that his long-standing attempts to dissuade Cortés from coming to Tenochtitlan with gifts of gold and silver had failed, Moctezuma finally invited the
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The massacre had a chilling effect on the other city states and groups affiliated with the Aztecs, as well as the Aztecs themselves. Tales of the massacre convinced the other cities in the Aztec Empire to entertain seriously Cortés' proposals rather than risk the same fate.
44:
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informed Cortés, after talking to the wife of one of the lords of
Cholula, that the locals planned to murder the Spanish in their sleep. Although he did not know if the rumor was true or not, Cortés ordered a
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Cortés and his men entered
Cholula without active resistance. However, they were not met by the city leaders and were not given food and drink on the third day.
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Cortés then sent emissaries to
Moctezuma with the message that the people of Cholula had treated him with trickery and had therefore been punished.
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lib. II cap. V. 1550). The Azteca version put the blame on the
Tlaxcalteca, claiming that they resented Cortés going to Cholula instead of
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reported that fortifications were being constructed around the city and the Tlaxcalans were warning the Spaniards. Finally,
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conquistadors to visit his capital city, according to Spanish sources, after feeling as though nothing else could be done.
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contradict this version since it is narrated that only unarmed Cholultec civilians were killed.
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was an attack carried out by the military forces of the Spanish conquistador
49:'La Conquista de Cholula' ca. 1670-1730. Workshop of Los Gonzalez (1670-1730)
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ambush by 20,000 Mexica soldiers. However, the accounts collected by
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Cohen, Sara E. (March 1972). "How the Aztecs Appraised Montezuma".
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404:
Historia general de las cosas de la Nueva España. Libro doceno
509:, lib. XII, cap. X.; Spanish version by Angel Ma. Garibay K.
334:"El castigo que se hizo en los de Chololla por su traición"
388:"Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España"
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There are contradictory reports about what happened at
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488:: The Aztec Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico.
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330:"Historia de la conquista de México cap. LX"
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98:The massacre of Cholula. Lienzo de Tlaxcala
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507:Informantes de Sahagún: Códice Florentino
461:. Library.thinkquest.org. Archived from
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576:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
135:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
37:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
328:López de Gómara, Francisco (1552).
386:Díaz del Castillo, Bernal (1568).
25:
459:"Empires Past: Aztecs: Conquest"
43:
401:Sahagún, Bernardino de (1585).
1:
601:Massacres committed by Spain
361:"Segunda carta de relación"
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234:on his way to the city of
441:, London: Penguin Books,
439:The Conquest of New Spain
240:Francisco López de Gómara
143:
53:
42:
34:
482:León-Portilla, M. 1992,
581:Battles involving Spain
359:Cortés, Hernán (1520).
490:Boston: Beacon Press,
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245:Bernardino de Sahagún
190:Tenochtitlan Massacre
97:
184:Narvaez's Expedition
596:Massacres in Mexico
521:The History Teacher
236:Mexico-Tenochtitlan
228:massacre of Cholula
591:San Andrés Cholula
465:on 2 February 2009
286:pre-emptive strike
264:chronicles of the
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586:History of Puebla
571:Massacres in 1519
561:Conflicts in 1519
340:on 2 January 2009
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18:Cholula Massacre
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527:(3): 21–30.
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270:Quetzalcoatl
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216: (1521)
214:Tenochtitlan
210: (1521)
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35:Part of the
371:11 November
344:11 November
298:Huexotzingo
281:La Malinche
266:Tlaxcalteca
555:Categories
469:2010-10-31
447:0140441239
315:References
277:Cempoalans
261:Moctezuma
238:in 1519.
148:Potonchan
251:Massacre
166:Tlaxcala
160:Cempoala
66:Location
257:Cholula
172:Cholula
71:Cholula
541:491417
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202:Otumba
178:Nautla
154:Centla
81:Result
74:Mexico
537:JSTOR
408:(PDF)
492:ISBN
484:The
443:ISBN
373:2017
346:2017
226:The
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529:doi
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