337:
303:–Khwarezmian dictionary and several legal texts that use Khwarezmian terms and quotations to explain certain legal concepts, most notably the Qunyat al-Munya of Mukhtār al-Zāhidī al-Ghazmīnī (d. 1259/60).
2921:
2916:
280:
Knowledge of
Khwarezmian is limited to its Middle Iranian stage and, as with Sogdian, little is known of its ancient form. Based on the writings of Khwarezmian scholars
310:
was preparing a dictionary of
Khwarezmian when he died, leaving it unfinished. A fragment of this dictionary was published posthumously by D.N. MacKenzie in 1971.
2926:
1777:
2296:
753:
1008:
412:. From the few surviving examples of this script on coins and artifacts, it has been observed that written Khwarezmian included Aramaic
2911:
2906:
2231:
Lurje, Pavel B. (2018). "Some New
Readings of Chorasmian Inscriptions on Silver Vessels and Their Relevance to the Chorasmian Era".
1993:
1966:
2209:
Livshits, Vladimir (2003). "Three Silver Bowls from the
Isakovka Burial-Ground No. 1 with Khwarezmian and Parthian Inscriptions".
1362:
2289:
467:
855:
2269:
1160:
2901:
1211:
704:
2282:
1479:
1460:
1413:
1260:
906:
2732:
2569:
2344:
804:
246:
113:
2797:
1836:
1782:
957:
653:
553:
409:
195:
98:
2319:
2264:
103:
2878:
1311:
1109:
1058:
2660:
2715:
2655:
2027:
1925:
1883:
1411:
1360:
1309:
1258:
1209:
1158:
1107:
1056:
1006:
955:
904:
853:
802:
751:
702:
651:
604:
602:
551:
500:
336:
330:
2871:
2413:
2366:
1236:
1864:
2786:
2763:
2753:
2500:
2386:
2188:
2158:
2128:
2098:
2068:
2931:
2778:
2758:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2584:
2553:
2511:
2442:
2391:
2361:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2305:
1989:
1962:
1846:
1802:
108:
31:
288:, the language was in use at least until the 13th century, when it was gradually replaced by
2807:
2792:
2768:
2703:
2643:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2547:
2455:
2396:
2381:
2240:
2218:
2180:
2150:
2120:
2090:
2060:
1438:
300:
289:
250:
151:
147:
420:, that is Aramaic words written to represent native spoken ones e.g. 𐡔𐡍𐡕 (ŠNT) for سرذ,
2748:
2720:
2710:
2668:
2611:
2606:
2475:
2470:
2418:
2353:
2010:
1797:
90:
1858:
2867:
2825:
2812:
2527:
2516:
2465:
2408:
2402:
2376:
2371:
1812:
405:
155:
136:
2259:
1943:
1878:
404:(early 8th century), Khwarezmian was written in a script close to that of Sogdian and
211:
2895:
2773:
2727:
2648:
2538:
2521:
2270:
https://web.archive.org/web/20041009124244/http://www.iranologie.com/history/ilf.html
1336:
384:
188:
159:
1437:
After the advance of Islam, Khwarezmian was written using an adapted version of the
1896:
1792:
1083:
729:
527:
502:
307:
295:
Sources of
Khwarezmian include astronomical terms used by al-Biruni, Zamakhshari's
274:
73:
17:
1441:
with a few extra signs to reflect specific
Khwarezmian sounds, such as the letter
1983:
1956:
2818:
1817:
1484:
678:
401:
285:
2222:
2493:
2244:
2184:
2154:
2124:
2094:
2064:
270:
266:
2675:
1912:
MacKenzie, D. N. "Khwarazmian
Language and Literature," in E. Yarshater ed.
1901:
Dictionary of
Languages: the definitive reference to more than 400 languages
1841:
1787:
1772:
417:
413:
350:
281:
258:
204:
172:
1472:
The
Unicode block for Khwarezmian, called Chorasmian, is U+10FB0–U+10FDF:
179:
2628:
1807:
262:
254:
63:
2848:
2480:
2435:
2265:
https://web.archive.org/web/20040201160726/http://iranianlanguages.com/
1466:
366:
2192:
2162:
2132:
2102:
2072:
2633:
2487:
2460:
1448:
1134:
982:
296:
2274:
1421:
1370:
1319:
1268:
1219:
1168:
1117:
1066:
1015:
965:
914:
863:
812:
761:
712:
661:
612:
561:
510:
778:
629:
578:
476:
397:
2260:
Encyclopedia
Iranica, "The Chorasmian language" by D.N. Mackenzie
2802:
1285:
1185:
931:
880:
829:
2278:
1387:
1032:
1687:
1552:
1582:
2111:
MacKenzie, D. N. (1971). "The Khwarezmian Glossary--III".
1469:
Standard in March, 2020 with the release of version 13.0.
292:
for the most part, as well as several dialects of Turkic.
2141:
MacKenzie, D. N. (1971). "The Khwarezmian Glossary--IV".
2081:
MacKenzie, D. N. (1971). "The Khwarezmian Glossary--II".
2171:
MacKenzie, D. N. (1972). "The Khwarezmian Glossary--V".
2051:
MacKenzie, D. N. (1970). "The Khwarezmian Glossary--I".
1402:
1351:
1300:
1250:
1200:
1149:
1098:
1047:
997:
946:
895:
844:
793:
743:
693:
643:
593:
542:
491:
1682:
1622:
1607:
1567:
2173:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2143:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2113:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2083:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2053:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2011:"Proposal to encode the Khwarezmian script in Unicode"
1667:
1587:
1562:
1547:
1447:
which represents /ts/ and /dz/, as in the traditional
1385:
1334:
1283:
1234:
1183:
1132:
1081:
1030:
980:
929:
878:
827:
776:
727:
676:
627:
576:
525:
474:
1672:
1647:
1642:
1632:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1557:
1677:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1617:
1612:
1577:
2841:
2741:
2577:
2568:
2427:
2352:
2343:
2312:
1637:
1572:
382:
372:
365:
349:
344:
326:
320:
202:
186:
170:
165:
133:
87:
79:
69:
59:
41:
1916:, Vol. III, Part 2, Cambridge 1983, pp. 1244–1249.
1982:Henning, Walter Bruno; MacKenzie, D. N. (1971).
1394:
1343:
1292:
1243:
1192:
1141:
1090:
1039:
989:
938:
887:
836:
785:
736:
685:
636:
585:
534:
483:
224:
27:Extinct Eastern Iranian language of Central Asia
1958:The Khwarezmian Element in the Qunyat Al-munya
2290:
2233:Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia
2211:Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia
8:
2026:THE KHWAREZMIAN GLOSSARY—I, D. N. MacKenzie
1758:Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points
2922:Languages attested from the 1st millennium
2917:Languages attested from the 2nd century BC
2574:
2349:
2297:
2283:
2275:
1903:, Columbia University Press, 2004, pg 278.
1474:
335:
38:
1939:
1937:
428:, "self" and 𐡌𐡋𐡊𐡀 (MLK') for اى شاه,
253:. The language was spoken in the area of
434:
1829:
1985:A fragment of a Khwarezmian dictionary
1944:CHORASMIA iii. The Chorasmian Language
1485:Official Unicode Consortium code chart
317:
2927:Languages extinct in the 11th century
7:
1465:Khwarezmian script was added to the
1422:
1371:
1320:
1269:
1220:
1169:
1118:
1067:
1016:
966:
915:
864:
813:
762:
713:
662:
613:
562:
511:
424:, "year", 𐡍𐡐𐡔𐡉 (NPŠY) for خداك,
225:
2149:(3). University of London: 521–37.
2119:(2). University of London: 314–30.
2059:(3). University of London: 540–59.
257:(Chorasmia), centered in the lower
143:
2877:Languages between parentheses are
2179:(1). University of London: 56–73.
2089:(1). University of London: 74–90.
25:
265:(the northern part of the modern
2851:(unknown further classification)
2881:of the language on their left.
1887:. Online access at June, 2011.
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1:
1931:(Retrieved 29 December 2008)
1403:
1386:
1352:
1335:
1301:
1284:
1251:
1235:
1201:
1184:
1150:
1133:
1099:
1082:
1048:
1031:
998:
981:
947:
930:
896:
879:
845:
828:
794:
777:
744:
728:
694:
677:
644:
628:
594:
577:
543:
526:
492:
475:
53:𐾸𐾲𐾰𐾻 𐾰𐾺 𐾹𐾶𐾰𐿂𐾺𐾸𐾽
2948:
2223:10.1163/157005703322114874
1750:As of Unicode version 16.0
1739:
1477:
1461:Chorasmian (Unicode block)
1458:
1395:
1344:
1293:
1244:
1193:
1142:
1091:
1040:
990:
939:
888:
837:
786:
737:
686:
637:
586:
535:
484:
269:and the adjacent areas of
29:
2912:Extinct languages of Asia
2907:Eastern Iranian languages
2858:
2245:10.1163/15700577-12341333
2185:10.1017/S0041977X00107360
2155:10.1017/S0041977X00128526
2125:10.1017/S0041977X00129568
2095:10.1017/S0041977X00141588
2065:10.1017/S0041977X00126552
1955:MacKenzie, D. N. (1990).
1914:Cambridge History of Iran
1428:
1377:
1326:
1275:
1226:
1175:
1124:
1073:
1022:
972:
921:
870:
819:
768:
719:
668:
619:
568:
517:
448:
443:
440:
437:
361:, Chorasmian
51:
46:
2043:The Khwarezmian Glossary
1860:Chwarezmischer Wortindex
247:Eastern Iranian language
30:Not to be confused with
1927:Encyclopædia Britannica
1879:The Chorasmian Language
1783:Ancient Iranian peoples
410:Imperial Aramaic script
408:with its roots in the
396:Before the advance of
267:Republic of Uzbekistan
233:; also transliterated
1929:, "Iranian languages"
1439:Perso-Arabic alphabet
333:, top-to-bottom
2872:historical languages
1961:. Psychology Press.
1884:Encyclopedia Iranica
331:Right-to-left script
249:closely related to
18:Chorasmian (script)
2902:Medieval languages
2009:Pandey, Anshuman.
1988:. Lund Humphries.
1877:D. N. Mackenzie. "
306:The noted scholar
2889:
2888:
2837:
2836:
2564:
2563:
2306:Iranian languages
1847:the Linguist List
1803:Iranian languages
1764:
1763:
1435:
1434:
394:
393:
218:
217:
144:Chorasmian script
83:550 BCE – 1200 CE
32:Khorezmian Turkic
16:(Redirected from
2939:
2733:Zoroastrian Dari
2575:
2350:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2276:
2248:
2239:(1–2): 279–306.
2226:
2217:(1–2): 147–172.
2196:
2166:
2136:
2106:
2076:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1917:
1910:
1904:
1894:
1888:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1855:
1849:
1834:
1757:
1749:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1475:
1446:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1417:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1391:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1340:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1315:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1254:
1247:
1246:
1240:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1204:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1153:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1001:
993:
992:
986:
974:
969:
968:
961:
950:
942:
941:
935:
923:
918:
917:
910:
899:
891:
890:
884:
872:
867:
866:
859:
848:
840:
839:
833:
821:
816:
815:
808:
797:
789:
788:
782:
770:
765:
764:
757:
747:
740:
739:
733:
721:
716:
715:
708:
697:
689:
688:
682:
670:
665:
664:
657:
647:
640:
639:
633:
621:
616:
615:
608:
597:
589:
588:
582:
570:
565:
564:
557:
546:
538:
537:
531:
519:
514:
513:
506:
495:
487:
486:
480:
464:Transliteration
444:Imperial Aramaic
435:
360:
357:
340:
339:
318:
245:) is an extinct
228:
227:
214:
198:
182:
175:
152:Sogdian alphabet
148:Aramaic alphabet
139:
93:
54:
39:
21:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2884:
2854:
2833:
2737:
2560:
2423:
2339:
2308:
2303:
2256:
2230:
2208:
2205:
2203:Further reading
2200:
2170:
2140:
2110:
2080:
2050:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2025:
2021:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1907:
1895:
1891:
1876:
1872:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1798:Iranian peoples
1769:
1754:
1746:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1483:
1463:
1457:
1442:
450:
445:
390:U+10FB0–U+10FDF
387:
375:
358:
355:
334:
322:
316:
210:
194:
191:
178:
171:
140:
135:
129:
114:Eastern Iranian
94:
91:Language family
89:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2945:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2894:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2826:Middle Persian
2822:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2790:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2519:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2458:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2358:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2330:Middle Iranian
2327:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2254:External links
2252:
2251:
2250:
2228:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2168:
2138:
2108:
2078:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2019:
2001:
1994:
1974:
1967:
1947:
1933:
1918:
1905:
1889:
1870:
1850:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1813:Zoroastrianism
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1459:Main article:
1456:
1453:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1419:
1408:
1399:
1392:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1368:
1357:
1348:
1341:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1317:
1306:
1297:
1290:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1266:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1217:
1206:
1197:
1190:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1166:
1155:
1146:
1139:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1115:
1104:
1095:
1088:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1064:
1053:
1044:
1037:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1013:
1003:
994:
987:
977:
976:
970:
963:
952:
943:
936:
926:
925:
919:
912:
901:
892:
885:
875:
874:
868:
861:
850:
841:
834:
824:
823:
817:
810:
799:
790:
783:
773:
772:
766:
759:
748:
741:
734:
724:
723:
717:
710:
699:
690:
683:
673:
672:
666:
659:
648:
641:
634:
624:
623:
617:
610:
599:
590:
583:
573:
572:
566:
559:
548:
539:
532:
522:
521:
515:
508:
497:
488:
481:
471:
470:
465:
462:
457:
453:
452:
447:
442:
439:
432:, "the king".
392:
391:
388:
383:
380:
379:
376:
373:
370:
369:
363:
362:
353:
347:
346:
342:
341:
328:
324:
323:
315:
314:Writing system
312:
231:zβ'k 'y xw'rzm
226:زڨاکای خوارزم
223:(Khwarezmian:
216:
215:
208:
200:
199:
192:
187:
184:
183:
176:
168:
167:
166:Language codes
163:
162:
156:Pahlavi script
141:
137:Writing system
134:
131:
130:
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
97:
95:
88:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
60:Native to
57:
56:
55:زڨاك ای خوارزم
49:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2944:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:Caucasian Tat
2796:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2320:Proto-Iranian
2318:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1995:9780853312925
1991:
1987:
1986:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1968:9780728601611
1964:
1960:
1959:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1702:
1701:
1629:
1628:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1454:
1452:
1451:orthography.
1450:
1445:
1440:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1002:
1000:
995:
988:
985:
984:
979:
978:
971:
964:
959:
953:
951:
949:
944:
937:
934:
933:
928:
927:
920:
913:
908:
902:
900:
898:
893:
886:
883:
882:
877:
876:
869:
862:
857:
851:
849:
847:
842:
835:
832:
831:
826:
825:
818:
811:
806:
800:
798:
796:
791:
784:
781:
780:
775:
774:
767:
760:
755:
749:
746:
742:
735:
732:
731:
726:
725:
718:
711:
706:
700:
698:
696:
691:
684:
681:
680:
675:
674:
667:
660:
655:
649:
646:
642:
635:
632:
631:
626:
625:
618:
611:
606:
600:
598:
596:
591:
584:
581:
580:
575:
574:
567:
560:
555:
549:
547:
545:
540:
533:
530:
529:
524:
523:
516:
509:
504:
498:
496:
494:
489:
482:
479:
478:
473:
472:
469:
466:
463:
461:
458:
455:
454:
436:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
389:
386:
385:Unicode range
381:
377:
374:Unicode alias
371:
368:
364:
354:
352:
348:
343:
338:
332:
329:
325:
319:
313:
311:
309:
304:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
261:south of the
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
222:
213:
209:
207:
206:
201:
197:
193:
190:
189:Linguist List
185:
181:
177:
174:
169:
164:
161:
160:Arabic script
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
138:
132:
120:
117:
116:
115:
112:
111:
110:
107:
106:
105:
102:
101:
100:
99:Indo-European
96:
92:
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2863:
2824:
2817:
2785:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2616:
2594:
2546:
2537:
2526:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2401:
2236:
2232:
2214:
2210:
2176:
2172:
2146:
2142:
2116:
2112:
2086:
2082:
2056:
2052:
2022:
2004:
1984:
1977:
1957:
1950:
1926:
1921:
1913:
1908:
1900:
1897:Andrew Dalby
1892:
1882:
1873:
1859:
1853:
1840:
1832:
1793:Central Asia
1778:al-Khwārizmī
1755:
1747:
1740:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1443:
1436:
1401:
1350:
1299:
1199:
1148:
1097:
1046:
996:
945:
894:
843:
792:
692:
592:
541:
490:
459:
441:Sound Value
429:
425:
421:
395:
308:W.B. Henning
305:
294:
279:
275:Turkmenistan
242:
238:
234:
230:
220:
219:
203:
118:
104:Indo-Iranian
74:Central Asia
36:
2819:Old Persian
2656:Mazanderani
2450:Khwarezmian
2335:New Iranian
2325:Old Iranian
1863:. pp.
1837:Khwārezmian
1818:Zamakhshari
451:equivalent
446:equivalent
402:Transoxiana
286:Zamakhshari
235:Khwarazmian
221:Khwārezmian
119:Khwārezmian
42:Khwārezmian
2896:Categories
2494:Sarghulami
2414:Yazghulami
2367:Ishkashimi
2037:Literature
1480:Chorasmian
449:Phoenician
378:Chorasmian
321:Chorasmian
271:Kazakhstan
243:Khorezmian
239:Chorasmian
47:Chorasmian
2879:varieties
2866:indicate
2787:Pahlavani
2779:Bakhtiari
2764:Kuhmareyi
2754:Bashkardi
2676:Old Azeri
2387:Sanglechi
1842:MultiTree
1788:Al-Biruni
1773:Afrighids
1689:𐿋
1684:𐿊
1679:𐿉
1674:𐿈
1669:𐿇
1664:𐿆
1659:𐿅
1654:𐿄
1649:𐿃
1644:𐿂
1639:𐿁
1634:𐿀
1624:𐾿
1619:𐾾
1614:𐾽
1609:𐾼
1604:𐾻
1599:𐾺
1594:𐾹
1589:𐾸
1584:𐾷
1579:𐾶
1574:𐾵
1569:𐾴
1564:𐾳
1559:𐾲
1554:𐾱
1549:𐾰
418:ideograms
414:logograms
351:ISO 15924
345:ISO 15924
327:Direction
282:Al-Biruni
259:Amu Darya
205:Glottolog
173:ISO 639-3
2932:Khwarazm
2808:Hazaragi
2759:Garmsiri
2699:Sangsari
2694:Lasgerdi
2683:Parthian
2661:Tabaroid
2629:Kurmanji
2585:Ashtiani
2554:Yaghnobi
2512:Ossetian
2501:Scythian
2476:Southern
2471:Northern
2443:Bactrian
2392:Sarikoli
2362:Bartangi
1808:Khwarezm
1767:See also
1703:U+10FDx
1630:U+10FCx
1545:U+10FBx
1431:
1380:
1329:
1278:
1229:
1178:
1127:
1076:
1025:
975:
924:
873:
822:
771:
722:
671:
622:
571:
520:
263:Aral Sea
255:Khwarezm
212:khwa1238
64:Khwarezm
2868:extinct
2864:Italics
2849:Badeshi
2793:Persian
2769:Kumzari
2711:Taleshi
2704:Sorkhei
2689:Semnani
2644:Kordali
2624:Kurdish
2618:Gorgani
2596:Daylami
2590:Balochi
2570:Western
2548:Sogdian
2507:Alanian
2481:Wanetsi
2466:Central
2456:Parachi
2436:Avestan
2397:Shughni
2382:Roshani
2345:Eastern
2313:History
1467:Unicode
1455:Unicode
460:Unicode
438:Letter
406:Pahlavi
367:Unicode
301:Persian
290:Persian
251:Sogdian
109:Iranian
2842:Others
2749:Achomi
2721:Tatoid
2669:Median
2639:Xwarin
2634:Sorani
2612:Gorani
2607:Gilaki
2528:Jassic
2488:Ormuri
2461:Pashto
2428:Others
2419:Yidgha
2193:612794
2191:
2163:613900
2161:
2133:612694
2131:
2103:614624
2101:
2073:614521
2071:
1992:
1965:
1881:" In:
1867:, 711.
1492:
1487:(PDF)
1449:Pashto
1135:Samekh
983:Lamedh
297:Arabic
70:Region
2813:Tajik
2742:South
2578:North
2517:Digor
2409:Wakhi
2403:Vanji
2377:Munji
2372:Khufi
2354:Pamir
2189:JSTOR
2159:JSTOR
2129:JSTOR
2099:JSTOR
2069:JSTOR
2014:(PDF)
1824:Notes
1741:Notes
1416:]
1412:[
1365:]
1361:[
1314:]
1310:[
1263:]
1259:[
1214:]
1210:[
1163:]
1159:[
1112:]
1108:[
1061:]
1057:[
1011:]
1007:[
960:]
956:[
909:]
905:[
858:]
854:[
807:]
803:[
779:Zayin
756:]
752:[
707:]
703:[
656:]
652:[
630:Dalet
607:]
603:[
579:Gimel
556:]
552:[
505:]
501:[
477:Aleph
456:Name
430:ī šah
426:xudāk
398:Islam
359:(109)
2803:Dari
2774:Luri
2728:Zaza
2716:Tati
2649:Laki
2602:Fars
2539:Saka
2522:Iron
2028:Link
1990:ISBN
1963:ISBN
1337:Shin
1286:Resh
1186:Ayin
932:Kaph
881:Yodh
830:Heth
422:sarδ
356:Chrs
284:and
273:and
2870:or
2241:doi
2219:doi
2181:doi
2151:doi
2121:doi
2091:doi
2061:doi
1865:686
1845:on
1839:at
1388:Taw
1084:Nun
1033:Mem
730:Waw
528:Bet
468:IPA
416:or
400:in
277:).
196:xco
180:xco
80:Era
2898::
2237:24
2235:.
2213:.
2187:.
2177:35
2175:.
2157:.
2147:34
2145:.
2127:.
2117:34
2115:.
2097:.
2087:34
2085:.
2067:.
2057:33
2055:.
1936:^
1899:,
1753:2.
1745:1.
1540:F
1429:𐤕
1423:𐡕
1418:/
1396:𐿄
1378:𐤔
1372:𐡔
1367:/
1345:𐿃
1327:𐤓
1321:𐡓
1316:/
1294:𐿂
1276:𐤐
1270:𐡐
1265:/
1245:𐿁
1237:Pe
1227:𐤏
1221:𐡏
1216:/
1194:𐿀
1176:𐤎
1170:𐡎
1165:/
1143:𐾿
1125:𐤍
1119:𐡍
1114:/
1092:𐾾
1074:𐤌
1068:𐡌
1063:/
1041:𐾽
1023:𐤋
1017:𐡋
991:𐾼
973:𐤊
967:𐡊
962:/
940:𐾻
922:𐤉
916:𐡉
911:/
889:𐾺
871:𐤇
865:𐡇
860:/
838:𐾹
820:𐤆
814:𐡆
809:/
787:𐾸
769:𐤅
763:𐡅
758:/
738:𐾶
720:𐤄
714:𐡄
709:/
687:𐾵
679:He
669:𐤃
663:𐡃
658:/
638:𐾴
620:𐤂
614:𐡂
609:/
587:𐾳
569:𐤁
563:𐡁
558:/
536:𐾲
518:𐤀
512:𐡀
507:/
485:𐾰
241:,
237:,
229:,
158:,
154:,
150:,
146:,
2874:.
2298:e
2291:t
2284:v
2249:.
2247:.
2243::
2227:.
2225:.
2221::
2215:9
2197:.
2195:.
2183::
2167:.
2165:.
2153::
2137:.
2135:.
2123::
2107:.
2105:.
2093::
2077:.
2075:.
2063::
2016:.
1998:.
1971:.
1537:E
1534:D
1531:C
1528:B
1525:A
1522:9
1519:8
1516:7
1513:6
1510:5
1507:4
1504:3
1501:2
1498:1
1495:0
1444:څ
1414:t
1410:/
1404:t
1363:ʃ
1359:/
1353:š
1312:r
1308:/
1302:r
1261:p
1257:/
1252:p
1212:ʕ
1208:/
1202:ʿ
1161:s
1157:/
1151:s
1110:n
1106:/
1100:n
1059:m
1055:/
1049:m
1009:l
1005:/
999:l
958:k
954:/
948:k
907:j
903:/
897:y
856:ħ
852:/
846:ḥ
805:z
801:/
795:z
754:w
750:/
745:w
705:h
701:/
695:h
654:d
650:/
645:d
605:ɡ
601:/
595:g
554:b
550:/
544:b
503:ʔ
499:/
493:ʾ
299:–
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.