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south of it. The eastern part is mostly hilly, though near the borders of West Bengal it flattens out into an alluvial plain. In the
Singhbhum area, there are hills alternating with valleys, steep mountains, deep forests on the mountain slopes, and, in the river basins, some stretches of comparatively level or undulating country. The centre of the area consists of an upland plateau enclosed by hill ranges. This strip, extending from the Subarnarekha River on the east to the Angarbira range to the west of Chaibasa, is a very fertile area.
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April and May the day temperature may cross 38 °C (100 °F) but it is very dry and not sultry as in the adjacent plains. The rainy season (June to
September) is pleasant. The Chota Nagpur Plateau receives an annual average rainfall of around 1,400 millimetres (55 in), which is less than the rainforested areas of much of India and almost all of it in the
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into smaller administrative units. The general height is 610 metres (2,000 ft). The topography in undulating with prominent gneissic hills, often dome-like in outline. The lowest step of the plateau is at an average level of around 300 metres (1,000 ft). It covers the old
Manbhum and Singhbhum districts. High hills are a striking part of this section –
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ends in Aswa Pahar, elevation 751 metres (2,465 ft). At the south-eastern corner of the plateau is
Jilinga Hill at 932 metres (3,057 ft). Mahabar Jarimo at 666 m (2,185 ft) and Barsot at 660 m (2,180 ft) stand in isolation to the east, and on the north-west edge of the plateau Sendraili at 670 m (2,210 ft) and
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boundary of the
Damodar valley is steep as far as the southeastern corner of the Hazaribagh plateau. On the south of the trough the Damodar keeps close to the edge of the Ranchi plateau till it has passed Ramgarh, after which a turn to the north-east leaves on the right hand a wide and level valley on which the
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The
Singhbhum area contains much more hilly and broken country. The whole of the western part is a mass of hill ranges rising to 910 metres (3,000 ft) in the south-west. Jamshedpur sits on an open plateau, 120 to 240 metres (400 to 800 ft) above mean sea level, with a higher plateau to the
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The northern face of the
Koderma plateau, elevated above the plains of Bihar, has the appearance of a range of hills, but in reality it is the edge of a plateau, 240 metres (800 ft) from the level of the Gaya plain. Eastward this northern edge forms a well-defined watershed between heads of the
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rivers on the north. The highest hills in this area are called after the villages of
Kasiatu, Hesatu and Hudu, and rise fronting the south 180 m (600 ft) above the general level of the plateau. Further east along the southern face a long spur projects right up to the Damodar river where it
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districts in an easterly direction. The slope of this plateau to the east is uniform and gentle and is continued past the river, which bears to the south-east, into the
Santhal Parganas and gradually disappears in the lower plains of Bengal. The western boundary of the plateau is formed by the deep
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is built is about 64 km (40 mi) east by west and 24 km (15 mi) north by south with an average elevation of 610 m (2,000 ft). The north-eastern and southern faces are mostly abrupt; but to the west it narrows and descends slowly in the neighbourhood of
Simaria and Jabra
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The Ranchi Plateau is the largest part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The elevation of the plateau surface in this part is about 700 m (2,300 ft) and gradually slopes down towards south-east into the hilly and undulating region of Singhbhum (earlier the Singhbhum district or what is now the
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at 734 m (2,409 ft) are the most prominent features. Isolated on the plateau, in the neighbourhood of Hazaribagh town are four hills of which the highest Chendwar rises to 860 m (2,810 ft). On all sides it has an exceedingly abrupt scarp, modified only on the south-east. In the
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as a plateau is locally called, are 910 to 1,070 metres (3,000 to 3,500 ft) above sea level. The highest point is 1,164 metres (3,819 ft). The next part contains larger portions of the old Ranchi and Hazaribagh districts and some parts of old Palamu district, before these were broken up
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The Chota Nagpur Plateau has an attractive climate. For five to six months of the year, from October onward the days are sunny and bracing. The mean temperature in December is 23 °C (73 °F). The nights are cool and temperatures in winter may drop below freezing point in many places. In
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generally lies at a lower height than the surrounding areas of Chota Nagpur Plateau. On the east the Ranchi plateau intrudes into the division and the southern part of the division merges with the Pat region. On the west are the Surguja highlands of Chhattishgarh and Sonbhadra district of Uttar
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Chakrabarti D.K. (1994c). Archaeology of the Chhotanagpur plateau and the Bengal basin. In: J.M. Kenoyer (ed.), From Sumer to Meluhha: Contributions to the Archaeology of South and West Asia in Memory of George F. Dales Jr, Wisconsin Archaeological Report, Volume 3, pp. 253–259. Madison:
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The Damodar basin forms a trough between the Ranchi and Hazaribagh plateaus resulting from enormous fractures at their present edges, which caused the land between to sink to a great depth and incidentally preserved from denudation by the Karanpura, Ramgarh and Bokaro coalfields. The northern
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are characterized by level surface and accordance of their summit levels shows they are part of one large plateau. Examples include Netarhat Pat, Jamira Pat, Khamar Pat, Rudni Pat and others. The area is also referred to as Western Ranchi Plateau. It is believed to be composed of
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There are many waterfalls at the edges of the Ranchi plateau where rivers coming from over the plateau surface form waterfalls when they descend through the precipitous escarpments of the plateau and enter the area of significantly lower elevation. The
633:, encompasses the plateau. The ecoregion has an area of 122,100 square kilometres (47,100 sq mi), covering most of the state of Jharkhand and adjacent portions of Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.
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of Jharkhand. The Manbhum area has a general elevation of about 300 metres (1,000 ft) and it consists of undulating land with scattered hills – Baghmundi and Ajodhya range, Panchakot and the hills around Jhalda are the prominent ones. Adjacent
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More than half of the natural forest on the plateau has been cleared for grazing land and the scale of the mining operations on the plateau is disturbing to the movement and therefore the survival of wildlife including elephants and tigers.
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touches the north-western corner of the division and then forms the state boundary for about 72 kilometres (45 mi). The general system of the area is a series of parallel ranges of hills running east and west through which the
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356:(60 m) on the Sankh River (Ranchi plateau) are examples of scarp falls. Sometimes waterfalls of various dimensions are formed when tributary streams join the master stream from great heights forming hanging valleys. At
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The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a continental plateau—an extensive area of land thrust above the general land. The plateau has been formed by continental uplift from forces acting deep inside the earth. The
1509:
Sinha, Birendra K. Light at the End of the Tunnel: A Journey Towards Fulfilment in the Chotanagpur Plateau : a Study in Dynamics of Social-Economic-Cultural-Administrative-Political Growth. [S.l: s.n,
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begins to intrude, south of Gola till the Singhpur Hills divert it to the south. Further to the east the Damodar River passes tamely into the Manbhum sector of lowest step of the Chota Nagpur plateau.
455:.The southern boundary consists of the face of the higher plateau, as far as its eastern extremity, where for some distance a low and undistinguished watershed runs eastward to the western spurs of
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Forests range from dry to wet and reach up to 25 metres (82 ft) tall. The plateau is also swampy in some places and in other parts is covered with bamboo grasslands and shrubs such as
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in the country. Massive coal deposits are found in the central basin spreading over 2,883 square kilometres (1,113 sq mi). The important coalfields in the basin are
364:(25.9 m) is another example of this category of falls. The Ganga River hangs over its master stream, the Raru River (to the east of Ranchi city) and forms the said falls.
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of West Bengal has been described as the "connecting link between the plains of Bengal on the east and Chota Nagpur plateau on the west." The same could be said of the
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passes. The hills in the south are the highest in the area, and the picturesque and isolated cup-like Chhechhari valley is surrounded by lofty hills on every side.
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627:
410:, below Jilinga Hill. Seen from the north the edge of this plateau has the appearance of a range of hills, at the foot of which (on the Koderma plateau) runs the
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where it curves to the south and connects with the Ranchi Plateau through Tori pargana. It is generally separated from the Ranchi plateau by the Damodar trough.
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About 6 percent of the ecoregion's area is within protected areas, comprising 6,720 square kilometres (2,590 sq mi) in 1997. The largest are
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has formed the 17 m (56 ft) high Pheruaghaugh Falls at the southern margin of the Ranchi plateau. Such falls are called scarp falls.
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substrates attest to the plateau's ancient origin. It is part of the Deccan Plate, which broke free from the southern continent during the
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360:(10 m), the Bhera River coming over from the Ranchi Plateau hangs above the Damodar River at its point of confluence with the latter. The
380:. Here the higher plateau is referred to as Hazaribagh plateau and the lower plateau as Koderma plateau. The Hazaribagh plateau on which
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river lies to the south. The total area of the Chota Nagpur Plateau is approximately 65,000 square kilometres (25,000 sq mi).
686:. The flora of the plateau is distinct from the wetter parts of India that surround it and includes a number of endemic plants such as
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to embark on a 50-million-year journey that was interrupted by the collision with the Eurasian continent. The northeastern part of the
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The western plateau with an average elevation of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above mean sea level merges into the plateau of the
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Goswami Prodipto (2020). Untold Story of Chota Nagpur: Its Journey with the Colonial Army 1767-1947. Chennai Notion: Press, 2020
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drops from a height of 150 metres (490 ft) from these hills, making it the highest waterfall on the Chota Nagpur Plateau.
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328:. To the north it is separated from the Hazaribagh plateau by the Damodar trough. To the west is a group of plateaus called
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and other large blocks of natural habitat which are among the few remaining refuges left in India for large populations of
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The Koderma plateau is also referred to as the Hazaribagh lower plateau or as the Chauparan-Koderma-Girighi sub-plateau.
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Die Munda und Oraon in Chota Nagpur - Geschichte, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Abhandlungen und Berichte des Staatlichen
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The Chota Nagpur Plateau consists of three steps. The highest step is in the western part of the plateau, where
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to 1,038 metres (3,407 ft). The large plateau is subdivided into several small plateaus or sub-plateaus.
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Sinha, V. N. P. Chota Nagpur Plateau: A Study in Settlement Geography. New Delhi: K.B. Publications, 1976.
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Tribes of Chotanagpur Plateau: An Ethno-Nutritional & Pharmacological Cross-Section
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1489:. Land and people of tribal Bihar series, no. 3. : Govt. of Bihar, Welfare Dept, 1974.
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Orographical map of the Chota Nagpur Plateau in the 1909 Imperial Gazetteer of India.
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In the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, the Manbhum area covers the present
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The western portion of Hazaribagh plateau constitutes a broad watershed between the
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south it falls almost sheer in a swoop of 670 m (2,200 ft) to the bed of
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896:. The Damodar valley is rich in coal, and it is considered as the prime centre of
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Geomorphology of the Subarnarekha Basin: The Chota Nagpur Plateau, Eastern India
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1350:, Bengal District Gazetteers, pp. 1-20, 1995 reprint, Government of West Bengal
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in Hindi) is the misunderstood name of "Chuita" village in the outskirts of
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1985:
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250:, where this ecoregion sits, was the first area of contact with Eurasia.
239:
186:
745:) are some of the animals found here while birds include the threatened
595:
877:
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Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment.
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Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002).
2339:
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901:
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217:, which has the remains of an old fort belonging to the Nagavanshis.
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57:
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1248:. Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. Archived from
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and Pakripat plateaus are physiographically part of the Pat region.
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Chota Nagpur plateau is a store house of mineral resources such as
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The plateau is covered with a variety of various habitats of which
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The Hazaribagh plateau is often subdivided into two parts – the
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lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the basin of the
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Maldives–Lakshadweep–Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests
832:, Madhya Pradesh (1,020 km, a portion of which is in the
636:
The ecoregion is drier than surrounding ones, including the
459:. The drainage to the south of this low line passes by the
290:
of Chhattisgarh. The flat topped plateau, locally known as
839:
Semarsot Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhattisgarh (470 km)
1417:. Ministry of Environments and Forests. Archived from
274:
rise to a height of 1,370 metres (4,480 ft) and
1089:
Perspectives in geomorphology By Hari Shanker Sharma
545:
in Jharkhand, and the Singhbhum area broadly covers
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Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin
1148:"Effects of Urbanisation on ground water in Ranchi"
125:
120:
110:
105:
66:
56:
51:
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659:forest is predominant. The plateau is home to the
1554:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 272.
574:is reputed to have the best Sal forests in Asia.
1171:Physical Geography: Hydrosphere By K. Bharadwaj
1004:"CHOTA NAGPUR: A NOMENCLATURE IN CONTRADICTION"
352:(39.62 m) on the Kanchi River, east of Ranchi,
3259:Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
628:tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
618:) are found in forests of Chota Nagpur Plateau
3052:
2506:
2039:
1699:Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
1639:Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
1574:
650:Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
8:
1719:Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests
1684:South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests
1669:North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests
1059:
1057:
3059:
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2499:
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1880:
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1790:
1749:South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests
1604:
1581:
1567:
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1272:"Forest Resources Survey, Hazaribagh 2004"
1246:"Natural Resources Data Management System"
1110:
1108:
1106:
205:, who ruled in this part of the country.
31:
1629:Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests
1624:Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
985:
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638:Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forests
1689:South Western Ghats montane rain forests
1674:North Western Ghats montane rain forests
606:
513:
320:). The plateau is highly dissected. The
306:
224:
1999:Indus River Delta–Arabian Sea mangroves
1634:Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests
1499:, Band 40; Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1983
953:
690:and endangered plant species including
652:in the lowlands to the east and north.
161:in eastern India, which covers much of
1065:"Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests"
993:, pp. 127–128, Orient Longmans, 1949.
7:
1772:Northeast India–Myanmar pine forests
1739:Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests
834:Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests
324:originates here and flows through a
1694:Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests
1659:Mizoram–Manipur–Kachin rain forests
1458:"Mineral Resources and Coal Mining"
165:state as well as adjacent parts of
3229:Chota Nagpur dry deciduous forests
1905:Himalayan Alpine shrub and Meadows
1767:Himalayan subtropical pine forests
1734:Khathiar–Gir dry deciduous forests
1724:Chota Nagpur dry deciduous forests
624:Chota Nagpur dry deciduous forests
233:flows through Chota Nagpur Plateau
25:
1944:Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh
1866:Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands
1729:East Deccan dry evergreen forests
2968:Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line
1967:Northwestern thorn scrub forests
1530:
1506:. : University of Burdwan, 1980.
1415:About the Region – Damodar Basin
794:Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary
587:months between June and August.
40:
2894:Santaldih Thermal Power Station
1502:Mukhopadhyay, Subhash Chandra.
1211:Lister, Edward (October 2009).
855:Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary
2879:Durgapur Thermal Power Station
2864:Bokaro Thermal Power Station B
1744:Northern dry deciduous forests
1497:Museum für Völkerkunde Dresden
1313:"Gazetteer of Palamu District"
1174:. Discovery Publishing House.
392:drainage on the south and the
1:
2302:Protected areas in Tamil Nadu
1884:Tibetan Plateau Alpine Steppe
1679:Odisha semi-evergreen forests
1654:Meghalaya subtropical forests
1370:"The West Singhbhum District"
1086:Sharma, Hari Shanker (1982).
964:. mapsofindia. Archived from
861:Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary
849:Saptasajya Wildlife Sanctuary
824:Ramnabagan Wildlife Sanctuary
3269:Neighbourhoods in Jamshedpur
1664:Nicobar Islands rain forests
1619:Andaman Islands rain forests
1067:. The Encyclopaedia of Earth
857:, Chhattisgarh (600 km)
800:Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary
782:Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary
62:1,350 m (4,430 ft)
2889:Mejia Thermal Power Station
2641:Shikharji (Parasnath Hills)
2356:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
1818:Himalayan Subalpine conifer
1644:Malabar Coast moist forests
1214:Hazaribagh By Edward Lister
1030:Geography By Yash Pal Singh
826:, West Bengal (150 km)
820:, Jharkhand (1,330 km)
812:Lawalong Wildlife Sanctuary
311:Dassam falls in the plateau
3285:
2580:Damodar Valley Corporation
1994:Godavari–Krishna mangroves
1962:Deccan thorn scrub forests
806:Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary
3244:Landforms of Chhattisgarh
3072:
2973:Bardhaman–Asansol section
2869:DPL Thermal Power Station
2838:South Karanpura Coalfield
2823:North Karanpura Coalfield
2012:
991:Bihar, the Heart of India
814:, Jharkhand (410 km)
808:, Jharkhand (180 km)
802:, Jharkhand (450 km)
790:, Jharkhand (630 km)
705:Tigers, Asian elephants,
39:
1858:Tropical and subtropical
1400:Sir John Houlton, p. 126
1359:Sir John Houlton, p. 165
1337:Sir John Houlton, p. 170
1302:Sir John Houlton, p. 159
863:, Jharkhand (40 km)
788:Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary
3264:Natural regions of Asia
3131:Karbi-Meghalaya plateau
1551:Encyclopædia Britannica
1346:O’Malley, L.S.S., ICS,
1168:Bharatdwaj, K. (2006).
962:"Chhota Nagpur Plateau"
711:Tetracerus quadricornis
201:is probably taken from
3239:Landforms of Jharkhand
2366:Atolls of the Maldives
2164:Chittagong Hill Tracts
1492:Icke-Schwalbe, Lydia.
1485:Gupta, Satya Prakash.
845:, Odisha (420 km)
843:Simlipal National Park
648:to the south, and the
619:
604:
526:
442:, which traverses the
312:
262:
234:
3198:Bijawar-Panna Plateau
3136:Karbi Anglong Plateau
2843:West Bokaro Coalfield
2818:East Bokaro Coalfield
2619:Geographical features
938:Chota Nagpur Division
851:, Odisha (20 km)
818:Palamau Tiger Reserve
796:, Bihar (110 km)
784:, Bihar (680 km)
771:Palamau Tiger Reserve
757:and other hornbills.
661:Palamau Tiger Reserve
610:
598:
517:
310:
261:
228:
3126:Chota Nagpur Plateau
2963:Asansol–Gaya section
2942:National Highway 522
2874:Durgapur Steel Plant
2626:Chota Nagpur Plateau
2004:Sundarbans mangroves
1545:"Chota Nagpur"
1539:at Wikimedia Commons
1537:Chota Nagpur Plateau
1421:on 27 September 2007
1252:on 25 September 2010
1116:"Jharkhand Overview"
968:on 17 September 2009
830:Sanjay National Park
775:Sanjay National Park
755:Indian grey hornbill
707:four-horned antelope
155:Chota Nagpur Plateau
35:Chota Nagpur Plateau
18:Chota Nagpur plateau
3254:Ecoregions of India
3249:Landforms of Odisha
2947:National Highway 60
2937:National Highway 50
2927:National Highway 18
2922:National Highway 17
2247:Indo-Gangetic plain
2015:Ecoregions of India
1795:Himalayan Broadleaf
1590:Ecoregions of India
1033:. FK Publications.
943:Ecoregions of India
719:Antilope cervicapra
518:Joychandi Pahar in
183:Indo-Gangetic plain
86: /
3121:Changthang plateau
2932:National Highway 2
2859:Bokaro Steel Plant
2833:Raniganj Coalfield
2174:Gandhamardan Hills
2144:Sulaiman Mountains
1284:on 28 October 2014
989:Sir John Houlton,
693:Madhuca longifolia
688:Aglaia haslettiana
620:
605:
564:Bardhaman district
527:
368:Hazaribagh Plateau
346:Subarnarekha River
313:
263:
235:
52:Highest point
3234:Plateaus of India
3216:
3215:
3067:Plateaus of India
3034:
3033:
2986:
2985:
2828:Ramgarh Coalfield
2760:
2759:
2742:Paschim Medinipur
2488:
2487:
2262:Indus River Delta
2021:
2020:
1980:
1979:
1954:Deserts and Xeric
1930:
1929:
1839:
1838:
1780:
1779:
1535:Media related to
1464:on 15 August 2011
868:Mineral resources
727:Gazella bennettii
599:A Palash tree in
510:Manbhum-Singhbhum
438:and those of the
151:
150:
90:23.350°N 85.333°E
16:(Redirected from
3276:
3146:Shillong Plateau
3061:
3054:
3047:
3038:
2917:Grand Trunk Road
2907:
2662:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2492:
2282:Coromandel Coast
2149:Toba Kakar Range
2078:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2025:
1881:
1854:
1791:
1605:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1560:
1555:
1547:
1534:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1460:. Archived from
1454:
1448:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1411:"Damodar Valley"
1407:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1375:. Archived from
1374:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1315:. Archived from
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1277:. Archived from
1276:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1217:. BiblioBazaar.
1208:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1128:on 10 April 2009
1127:
1121:. Archived from
1120:
1112:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1025:
1012:
1011:
1000:
994:
987:
978:
977:
975:
973:
958:
751:Eupodotis indica
743:Melursus ursinus
699:Butea monosperma
640:that covers the
562:subdivisions of
552:Bankura district
539:Dhanbad district
531:Purulia district
520:Purulia district
496:North Koel River
463:to the Damodar.
412:Grand Trunk Road
338:North Karo River
288:Surguja district
111:Language of name
101:
100:
98:
97:
96:
91:
87:
84:
83:
82:
79:
44:
32:
27:Plateau of India
21:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3193:Bhander Plateau
3181:
3150:
3109:
3078:
3068:
3065:
3035:
3030:
2982:
2951:
2898:
2847:
2806:
2756:
2747:Purba Medinipur
2708:
2650:
2614:
2568:
2522:
2519:
2489:
2484:
2421:
2370:
2344:
2311:
2235:
2219:
2183:
2134:Anaimalai Hills
2074:
2058:
2052:
2022:
2017:
2008:
1976:
1948:
1926:
1900:
1870:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1835:
1812:
1786:
1776:
1753:
1710:
1703:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1592:
1587:
1542:
1527:
1482:
1480:Further reading
1477:
1467:
1465:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1438:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1382:on 13 July 2011
1379:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1320:
1319:on 21 July 2011
1311:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1210:
1209:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1027:
1026:
1015:
1002:
1001:
997:
988:
981:
971:
969:
960:
959:
955:
951:
934:
926:North Karanpura
922:South Karanpura
870:
767:
765:Protected areas
747:lesser florican
669:Asian elephants
593:
580:
547:Kolhan division
543:Bokaro district
512:
486:Palamu division
482:
469:
457:Parasnath Hills
434:tributaries of
428:
426:Koderma Plateau
382:Hazaribagh town
370:
318:Kolhan division
305:
284:
272:Parasnath Hills
256:
223:
195:
94:
92:
88:
85:
80:
77:
75:
73:
72:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3282:
3280:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3221:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3172:Deccan Plateau
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3141:Rohtas Plateau
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3105:Vallam Plateau
3102:
3097:
3095:Mysore Plateau
3092:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3041:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2668:
2659:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2573:Dams, barrages
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2495:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2210:Mysore Plateau
2207:
2205:Ladakh Plateau
2202:
2197:
2195:Deccan Plateau
2191:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2139:Cardamom Hills
2136:
2131:
2126:
2124:Himachal Range
2121:
2119:Shivalik Hills
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2094:Aravalli Range
2091:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2028:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1896:Karakoram-West
1893:
1887:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1851:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1540:
1526:
1525:External links
1523:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1490:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1449:
1445:Washington, DC
1443:Island Press;
1432:
1402:
1393:
1361:
1352:
1339:
1330:
1304:
1295:
1263:
1237:
1223:
1194:
1180:
1160:
1139:
1102:
1078:
1053:
1039:
1013:
995:
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950:
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946:
945:
940:
933:
930:
869:
866:
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864:
858:
852:
846:
840:
837:
827:
821:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
766:
763:
616:Shorea robusta
592:
589:
579:
576:
572:Saranda forest
511:
508:
481:
478:
468:
467:Damodar trough
465:
427:
424:
374:higher plateau
369:
366:
344:(75 m) on the
304:
303:Ranchi Plateau
301:
283:
280:
255:
252:
248:Deccan Plateau
222:
219:
194:
191:
149:
148:
127:
123:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
103:
102:
95:23.350; 85.333
70:
64:
63:
60:
54:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3281:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
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3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3177:Masai Plateau
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3100:Sigur Plateau
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3090:Kolar Plateau
3088:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3062:
3057:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2979:
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2974:
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2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2954:
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2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
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2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
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2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2521:Damodar Basin
2516:
2511:
2509:
2504:
2502:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2323:Coastal India
2321:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2297:Rann of Kutch
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2109:Satpura Range
2107:
2105:
2104:Vindhya Range
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2089:Eastern Ghats
2087:
2085:
2084:Western Ghats
2082:
2077:
2076:Mount Everest
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2054:Geography of
2049:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
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1597:Tropical and
1595:
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1447:. pp. 321-322
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1181:9788183561679
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658:
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647:
646:Satpura Range
643:
642:Eastern Ghats
639:
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541:and parts of
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497:
492:
489:Pradesh. The
487:
479:
477:
475:
466:
464:
462:
461:Jamunia River
458:
454:
453:Lilajan River
449:
445:
441:
440:Barakar River
437:
431:
425:
423:
421:
417:
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409:
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399:
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391:
386:
383:
379:
378:lower plateau
375:
367:
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363:
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355:
351:
348:near Ranchi,
347:
343:
339:
333:
331:
327:
323:
322:Damodar River
319:
309:
302:
300:
298:
297:Deccan basalt
293:
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232:
231:Damodar River
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43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3208:Rewa Plateau
3167:Kaas plateau
3125:
2991:Other basins
2625:
2476:Southeastern
2471:Southwestern
2451:Northeastern
2441:Northwestern
2272:Ganges Delta
2267:Ganges Basin
2257:Indus Valley
2200:Chota Nagpur
2199:
2179:Lushai Hills
1917:Northwestern
1846:Shrublands,
1844:Grasslands,
1599:subtropical
1549:
1503:
1493:
1486:
1466:. Retrieved
1462:the original
1452:
1440:
1435:
1423:. Retrieved
1419:the original
1414:
1405:
1396:
1384:. Retrieved
1377:the original
1364:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1333:
1321:. Retrieved
1317:the original
1307:
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1279:the original
1266:
1254:. Retrieved
1250:the original
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1213:
1185:. Retrieved
1170:
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1123:the original
1093:. Retrieved
1088:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1044:. Retrieved
1029:
1008:researchgate
1007:
998:
990:
970:. Retrieved
966:the original
956:
871:
768:
759:
750:
742:
735:Cuon alpinus
734:
726:
718:
710:
704:
697:
691:
687:
681:
675:
673:
654:
635:
623:
621:
615:
581:
568:
528:
483:
474:Subarnarekha
470:
432:
429:
408:Bokaro River
387:
377:
373:
371:
350:Dassam Falls
342:Hundru Falls
334:
329:
314:
291:
285:
266:
264:
236:
210:
206:
198:
196:
167:Chhattisgarh
154:
152:
138:Chhattisgarh
29:
3162:Mangi-Tungi
2978:Grand Chord
2792:Mal Paharia
2714:West Bengal
2636:Rarh region
2417:Afghanistan
2361:Lakshadweep
2231:Thar Desert
2129:Khasi Hills
1972:Thar desert
914:East Bokaro
910:West Bokaro
898:coking coal
603:, Jharkhand
535:West Bengal
524:West Bengal
451:bed of the
362:Jonha Falls
354:Sadni Falls
326:rift valley
276:Dalma Hills
203:Nagavanshis
175:West Bengal
134:West Bengal
93: /
68:Coordinates
3223:Categories
2852:Industries
2811:Coalfields
2689:Hazaribagh
2646:Usri Falls
2564:Rupnarayan
2559:Mundeswari
2407:Bangladesh
2375:By country
2333:West Coast
2328:East Coast
2292:Sundarbans
2169:Naga Hills
2159:Hindu Kush
2114:Garo Hills
2056:South Asia
1785:Temperate
1759:Coniferous
949:References
836:ecoregion)
739:sloth bear
733:wild dog (
677:Holarrhena
500:Lodh Falls
282:Pat region
244:Cretaceous
3016:Baitarani
2903:Transport
2765:Languages
2727:Bardhaman
2666:Jharkhand
2658:districts
2402:Sri Lanka
2154:Karakoram
2070:Himalayas
2063:Mountains
1711:broadleaf
1611:broadleaf
886:limestone
715:blackbuck
631:ecoregion
612:Sal trees
491:Son River
254:Divisions
221:Formation
197:The name
193:Etymology
163:Jharkhand
130:Jharkhand
121:Geography
58:Elevation
3012:Brahmani
3008:Mahanadi
2998:Godavari
2656:Riparian
2631:Rajrappa
2605:Tenughat
2585:Durgapur
2461:Southern
2456:Littoral
2446:Northern
2412:Maldives
2387:Pakistan
2240:Lowlands
2188:Plateaus
2099:Nilgiris
1986:Mangrove
1850:Savannas
1386:20 April
932:See also
906:Raniganj
890:iron ore
723:chinkara
683:Dodonaea
560:Durgapur
504:Netarhat
376:and the
358:Rajrappa
240:Gondwana
187:Mahanadi
126:Location
3186:Central
3021:Narmada
2802:Santali
2772:Bengali
2752:Purulia
2732:Hooghly
2722:Bankura
2704:Ramgarh
2694:Koderma
2684:Giridih
2679:Dhanbad
2610:Tilaiya
2600:Panchet
2595:Maithon
2549:Jamunia
2544:Damodar
2534:Barakar
2436:Central
2349:Islands
2224:Deserts
1936:Flooded
1922:Western
1912:Eastern
1891:Central
1876:Montane
1831:Western
1826:Eastern
1808:Western
1803:Eastern
1787:Forests
1601:Forests
1348:Bankura
918:Ramgarh
878:bauxite
591:Ecology
585:monsoon
578:Climate
556:Asansol
448:Giridih
444:Koderma
394:Lilajan
390:Damodar
159:plateau
115:Nagpuri
81:85°20′E
78:23°21′N
2787:Magahi
2782:Kurukh
2737:Howrah
2699:Palamu
2674:Bokaro
2539:Bokaro
2527:Rivers
2466:Island
2428:region
2397:Bhutan
2340:Makran
2316:Coasts
2307:Makran
2287:Konkan
1609:Moist
1425:25 May
1221:
1178:
1037:
902:Jharia
882:copper
737:) and
601:Ranchi
537:, and
480:Palamu
403:Mahuda
398:Mohana
299:lava.
215:Ranchi
207:Chhota
199:Nagpur
181:. The
171:Odisha
142:Odisha
106:Naming
3203:Malwa
3083:South
2884:IISCO
2797:Malto
2777:Hindi
2590:Konar
2554:Konar
2392:Nepal
2382:India
2277:Terai
2215:Malwa
1510:1991.
1468:3 May
1380:(PDF)
1373:(PDF)
1323:4 May
1288:2 May
1282:(PDF)
1275:(PDF)
1256:2 May
1230:2 May
1187:2 May
1153:2 May
1132:2 May
1126:(PDF)
1119:(PDF)
1095:2 May
1071:2 May
1046:2 May
972:2 May
731:dhole
665:tiger
418:(new
211:small
179:Bihar
157:is a
146:Bihar
3155:West
3114:East
3003:Kosi
2956:Rail
2910:Road
2252:Doab
1848:and
1709:Dry
1470:2010
1427:2008
1388:2010
1325:2010
1290:2010
1258:2010
1232:2010
1219:ISBN
1189:2010
1176:ISBN
1155:2010
1134:2010
1097:2010
1073:2010
1048:2010
1035:ISBN
974:2010
924:and
894:coal
892:and
874:mica
773:and
696:and
680:and
667:and
644:and
626:, a
622:The
558:and
484:The
446:and
436:Gaya
420:NH19
416:NH 2
414:and
396:and
292:pats
267:pats
229:The
177:and
153:The
144:and
3026:Son
2426:By
753:),
729:),
721:),
713:),
657:Sal
533:in
522:in
422:).
330:pat
169:,
3225::
1548:.
1413:.
1197:^
1105:^
1056:^
1016:^
1006:.
982:^
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920:,
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908:,
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888:,
884:,
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671:.
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332:.
173:,
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1429:.
1390:.
1327:.
1292:.
1260:.
1234:.
1191:.
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1099:.
1075:.
1050:.
1010:.
976:.
749:(
741:(
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709:(
701:.
614:(
209:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
