1604:
1039:
1996:
1170:
1619:
1209:
1638:
1236:
1571:(FESS) is its ability to allow for a more targeted approach to the affected sinuses, reducing tissue disruption, and minimizing post-operative complications. However, if a traditional FESS with Messerklinger technique is followed the success rate will be as low as 30%, 70% of the patients tend to have recurrence within 3 years. On the other hand with use of TFSE technique along with navigation system, debriders and balloon sinuplasty or EBS can give a success rate of over 99.9%. The use of
1197:
1224:
60:
2481:
1095:. If a person has had sinusitis for fewer than 10 days without the symptoms becoming worse, then the infection is presumed to be viral. When symptoms last more than 10 days or get worse in that time, then the infection is considered bacterial sinusitis. Pain in the teeth and bad breath are also more indicative of bacterial disease.
1420:
alone but with more side effects. A 2018 Cochrane review, however, found no evidence that people with symptoms lasting seven days or more before consulting their physician are more likely to have bacterial sinusitis as one study found that about 80% of patients have symptoms lasting more than 7 days
898:
sinusitis; however, the causes are poorly understood. It may develop with anatomic derangements, including deviation of the nasal septum and the presence of concha bullosa (pneumatization of the middle concha) that inhibit the outflow of mucus, or with allergic rhinitis, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and
1559:
may be indicated, and treatment options may include nasal surgery. Surgery should only be considered for those people who do not benefit with medication or have non-invasive fungal sinusitis. It is unclear how benefits of surgery compare to medical treatments in those with nasal polyps as this has
910:
in the mucous lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses has been demonstrated for many people, and this has been termed eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis (EMRS). Cases of EMRS may be related to an allergic response, but allergy is not often documented, resulting in further subcategorization into
1515:
There is only limited evidence to support short treatment with corticosteroids by mouth for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. There is limited evidence to support corticosteroids by mouth in combination with antibiotics for acute sinusitis; it has only short-term effect improving the
902:
Chronic rhinosinusitis represents a multifactorial inflammatory disorder, rather than simply a persistent bacterial infection. The medical management of chronic rhinosinusitis is now focused upon controlling the inflammation that predisposes people to obstruction, reducing the incidence of
918:
play in this disease. Whether fungi are a definite factor in the development of chronic sinusitis remains unclear, and if they are, what is the difference between those who develop the disease and those who remain free of symptoms. Trials of antifungal treatments have had mixed results.
2401:
Incidence of acute sinusitis almost always set in following the appearance of a cold for several days at a stretch in the person to the point that all the profuse nasal discharge turns a distinct yellow or a dark green color, or perhaps very thick, and foul-smelling in some
1637:
331:
Headache, facial pain, or pressure of a dull, constant, or aching sort over the affected sinuses is common with both acute and chronic stages of sinusitis. This pain is usually localized to the involved sinus and may worsen when the affected person bends over or
1162:
Sinus infections, if they result in tooth pain, usually present with pain involving more than one of the upper teeth, whereas a toothache usually involves a single tooth. Dental examination and appropriate radiography aid in ruling out pain arises from a tooth.
1590:
used to "unclog" arteries of the heart, utilizes balloons in an attempt to expand the openings of the sinuses in a less invasive manner. The effectiveness of the functional endoscopic balloon dilation approach compared to conventional FESS is not known.
1482:
A short-course (3–7 days) of antibiotics seems to be just as effective as the typical longer-course (10–14 days) of antibiotics for those with clinically diagnosed acute bacterial sinusitis without any other severe disease or complicating factors. The
4884:
1182:
381:(bad breath) is often stated to be a symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis; however, gold-standard breath analysis techniques have not been applied. Theoretically, several possible mechanisms of both objective and subjective halitosis may be involved.
1603:
318:
Sinusitis is a common condition. It affects between about 10 and 30 percent of people each year in the United States and Europe. Chronic sinusitis affects about 12.5% of people. Treatment of sinusitis in the United States results in more than
5753:
5734:
5715:
699:(ODS) may ensue. Odontogenic sinusitis can often spread to other sinuses such as the ethmoid, frontal and (less frequently) sphenoid sinus, and even to the contralateral nasal cavity. In rare instances, these infections may involve the
260:(ENT) doctor confirms sinusitis using nasal endoscopy. Diagnostic imaging is not usually needed in acute stage unless complications are suspected. In chronic cases, confirmatory testing is recommended by either direct visualization or
1235:
3721:
Bendouah Z, Barbeau J, Hamad WA, Desrosiers M (June 2006). "Biofilm formation by
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with an unfavorable evolution after surgery for chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis".
1508:
either alone or in combination with antibiotics. For cases confirmed by radiology or nasal endoscopy, treatment with intranasal corticosteroids alone or in combination with antibiotics is supported. The benefit, however, is small.
392:
surrounding the brain. As a result, accurately determining the site from which the pain originates is difficult. People with migraines do not typically have the thick nasal discharge that is a common symptom of a sinus infection.
1487:
guideline suggest five to seven days of antibiotics is long enough to treat a bacterial infection without encouraging resistance. The guidelines still recommend children receive antibiotic treatment for ten days to two weeks.
3446:
643:, and epidural, subdural, and brain abscesses. Orbital symptoms frequently precede intracranial spread of the infection . Other complications include sinobronchitis, maxillary osteomyelitis, and frontal bone osteomyelitis.
607:
veins or by direct extension to close structures. Orbital complications were categorized by
Chandler et al. into five stages according to their severity (see table). Contiguous spread to the orbit may result in periorbital
722:
Infection of the eye socket is a rare complication of ethmoid sinusitis, which may result in the loss of sight and is accompanied by fever and severe illness. Another possible complication is the infection of the bones
889:
By definition, chronic sinusitis lasts longer than 12 weeks and can be caused by many different diseases that share chronic inflammation of the sinuses as a common symptom. It is subdivided into cases with and without
4838:
4703:
Williamson IG, Rumsby K, Benge S, Moore M, Smith PW, Cross M, et al. (December 2007). "Antibiotics and topical nasal steroid for treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis: a randomized controlled trial".
370:
Sinus infections can also cause middle-ear problems due to the congestion of the nasal passages. This can be demonstrated by dizziness, "a pressurized or heavy head", or vibrating sensations in the head.
5434:
1181:
3257:
Basharat U, Aiche MM, Kim MM, Sohal M, Chang EH (October 2019). "Are rhinoviruses implicated in the pathogenesis of sinusitis and chronic rhinosinusitis exacerbations? A comprehensive review".
580:
The proximity of the brain to the sinuses makes the most dangerous complication of sinusitis, particularly involving the frontal and sphenoid sinuses, infection of the brain by the invasion of
6300:
688:
antimicrobial therapy. Chronic sinus infections may lead to mouth breathing, which can result in mouth dryness and an increased risk of gingivitis. Decongestants may also cause mouth dryness.
1196:
3229:
5870:
1208:
596:, and other life-threatening conditions may result. In extreme cases, the patient may experience mild personality changes, headache, altered consciousness, visual problems, seizures,
4632:
3438:
963:
sinusitis may also develop from problems with the teeth, and these cases were calculated to be about 40% in one study and 50% in another. The cause of this situation is usually a
734:
Voice box can also get infected resulting in laryngitis. This can result in hoarseness, change in voice, pain in throat, pain while talking, inaudible voice, dry cough and fever.
1536:
are ineffective as a definitive solution, but may afford temporary relief of symptoms by improving sinus clearing, and may be appropriate for rapidly spreading infections, but
1512:
For confirmed chronic rhinosinusitis, there is limited evidence that intranasal steroids improve symptoms and insufficient evidence that one type of steroid is more effective.
1455:
recommends amoxicillin-clavulanate as the initial treatment of choice for bacterial sinusitis. The guidelines also recommend against other commonly used antibiotics, including
315:
alone but with more side effects. Surgery may occasionally be used in people with chronic disease or in someone who is not responding to medicines as per doctor's expectation.
1658:
A study has shown that patients given spray formulation of 0.73 mg of
Tremacamra (a soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 receptor) reduced the severity of illness.
4154:
4116:
4098:
1421:
and another about 70%. Antibiotics are specifically not recommended in those with mild / moderate disease during the first week of infection due to risk of adverse effects,
3118:"Redefining boundaries in odontogenic sinusitis: a retrospective evaluation of extramaxillary involvement in 315 patients: Odontogenic sinusitis extramaxillary involvement"
4176:
5144:
4073:
5379:
Stammberger H (February 1986). "Endoscopic endonasal surgery--concepts in treatment of recurring rhinosinusitis. Part I. Anatomic and pathophysiologic considerations".
2636:
1674:
Sinusitis is a common condition, with between 24 and 31 million cases occurring in the United States annually. Chronic sinusitis affects approximately 12.5% of people.
5555:
5919:
2104:
1897:
5234:
4120:
352:
headaches. Another way to distinguish between toothache and sinusitis is that the pain in sinusitis is usually worsened by tilting the head forward and with the
6764:
1098:
Imaging by either X-ray, CT or MRI is generally not recommended unless complications develop. Pain caused by sinusitis is sometimes confused for pain caused by
1061:
sinusitis – A new infection that may last up to four weeks and can be subdivided symptomatically into severe and nonsevere. Some use definitions up to 12 weeks.
1618:
1392:
are effective as an intranasal wash to treat acute sinusitis. Evidence is inconclusive on whether anti-fungal treatments improve symptoms or quality of life.
1352:
Recommended treatments for most cases of sinusitis include rest and drinking enough water to thin the mucus. Antibiotics are not recommended for most cases.
5426:
1926:
2378:
5059:"EPOS Primary Care Guidelines: European Position Paper on the Primary Care Diagnosis and Management of Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2007 - a summary"
4533:"Fluoroquinolones compared with beta-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"
2173:
877:
on immunosuppressive antirejection medications) and can be life-threatening. In type I diabetics, ketoacidosis can be associated with sinusitis due to
6519:
2304:
1644:
1102:(toothache) of the maxillary teeth, and vice versa. Classically, the increased pain when tilting the head forwards separates sinusitis from pulpitis.
1563:
A number of surgical approaches can be used to access the sinuses and these have generally shifted from external/extranasal approaches to intranasal
2513:
2245:
6543:
6315:
5876:
3796:
Sanclement JA, Webster P, Thomas J, Ramadan HH (April 2005). "Bacterial biofilms in surgical specimens of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis".
1831:
3218:
2830:
Clayman GL, Adams GL, Paugh DR, Koopmann CF (March 1991). "Intracranial complications of paranasal sinusitis: a combined institutional review".
4656:"Effectiveness and safety of short vs. long duration of antibiotic therapy for acute bacterial sinusitis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials"
1484:
1452:
1862:
1079:
Acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis – When the signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis exacerbate, but return to baseline after treatment.
1021:
increased up to 1000 times when compared to free-living bacteria of the same species. A recent study found that biofilms were present on the
7014:
6290:
4249:
Harvey R, Hannan SA, Badia L, Scadding G (July 2007). Harvey R (ed.). "Nasal saline irrigations for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis".
4051:
3776:
3326:
3191:
3033:
2678:
2273:
384:
A 2005 review suggested that most "sinus headaches" are migraines. The confusion occurs in part because migraine involves activation of the
2873:
Arjmand EM, Lusk RP, Muntz HR (November 1993). "Pediatric sinusitis and subperiosteal orbital abscess formation: diagnosis and treatment".
2140:
1244:
of left-sided maxillary sinusitis marked by an arrow. There is lack of the air transparency indicating fluid in contrast to the other side.
5561:- "This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (
4624:
3987:
2040:
6976:
6759:
6514:
5912:
5506:"Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: Genetic, Biologic, and Clinical Aspects with a Central Focus on Epstein-Barr Virus Relation"
1568:
3153:
1400:
Most sinusitis cases are caused by viruses and resolve without antibiotics. However, if symptoms do not resolve within 10 days, either
1169:
485:– can cause pain or pressure in the frontal sinus cavity (located above the eyes), headache, particularly in the forehead (J01.1/J32.1)
6769:
6565:
3357:
Ahmed J, Pal S, Hopkins C, Jayaraj S (July 2011). "Functional endoscopic balloon dilation of sinus ostia for chronic rhinosinusitis".
6966:
6746:
6246:
5941:
5936:
4009:
2034:
1576:
779:
751:
4625:"Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Drugs: Drug Safety Communication – FDA Advises Restricting Use for Certain Uncomplicated Infections"
982:
An estimated 0.5 to 2.0% of viral rhinosinusitis (VRS) will develop into bacterial infections in adults and 5 to 10% in children.
949:
6710:
4158:
1070:
sinusitis – An infection that lasts between four and 12 weeks, and represents a transition between acute and chronic infection.
5107:
4055:
2396:
240:, or structural problems in the nose and in people with lesser immunity against bacteria by birth. Most cases are caused by a
6981:
5905:
3839:
Pearlman AN, Conley DB (June 2008). "Review of current guidelines related to the diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis".
2916:
Harris GJ (March 1994). "Subperiosteal abscess of the orbit. Age as a factor in the bacteriology and response to treatment".
2624:
6447:
2744:
Chandler JR, Langenbrunner DJ, Stevens ER (September 1970). "The pathogenesis of orbital complications in acute sinusitis".
3782:
6555:
2488:
1666:
A 2018 review has found that without the use of antibiotics, about 46% were cured after one week and 64% after two weeks.
1524:
For sinusitis of dental origin, treatment focuses on removing the infection and preventing reinfection, by removal of the
1464:
1106:
1038:
2055:
1889:
6754:
6705:
6538:
6476:
1378:
may provide relief, but these medications should not be used for more than the recommended period. Longer use may cause
336:. Pain often starts on one side of the head and progresses to both sides. Acute sinusitis may be accompanied by a thick
5226:
662:
The diagnosis of these complications can be assisted by noting local tenderness and dull pain, and can be confirmed by
348:
is present, and these symptoms distinguish a sinus-related headache from other types of headaches, such as tension and
6715:
4102:
1364:
775:
906:
Attempts have been made to provide a more consistent nomenclature for subtypes of chronic sinusitis. The presence of
5260:
6901:
1333:
Antihistamines do not relieve typical sinusitis or cold symptoms much; this treatment is not needed in most cases.
636:
1116:, improves the ability to detect the teeth as the sources for sinusitis. A coronal CT picture may also be useful.
7180:
7007:
6774:
6399:
6373:
6098:
5999:
1918:
1386:, or decongestants work in children with acute sinusitis. There is no clear evidence that plant extracts such as
6550:
2370:
1540:
and disinfection of the root canal system at the same time is necessary. Treatment options include non-surgical
1346:
Tentative evidence that it helps symptoms. Does not treat cause. Not recommended for more than three days' use.
6378:
6363:
6356:
6261:
6222:
6169:
6147:
6105:
6033:
5772:
1241:
792:
6529:
1223:
323:
11 billion in costs. The unnecessary and ineffective treatment of viral sinusitis with antibiotics is common.
3938:"Accuracy of Signs and Symptoms for the Diagnosis of Acute Rhinosinusitis and Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis"
922:
Recent theories of sinusitis indicate that it often occurs as part of a spectrum of diseases that affect the
7217:
7137:
6678:
6320:
6236:
6111:
2165:
1413:
1405:
444:
are further subdivided into anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses, the division of which is defined as the
308:
304:
2986:
Stankiewicz JA, Newell DJ, Park AH (August 1993). "Complications of inflammatory diseases of the sinuses".
2296:
7227:
6804:
6657:
6618:
6533:
6486:
6185:
6028:
1379:
1215:
907:
799:
632:
416:, feeling of facial fullness or tightness that may worsen when bending over, dizziness, aching teeth, and
151:
3887:
Rosenfeld RM, Andes D, Bhattacharyya N, Cheung D, Eisenberg S, Ganiats TG, et al. (September 2007).
2505:
2198:
6066:
6038:
5549:
1704:
1545:
1422:
1388:
1288:
Cases accompanied by extreme pain, skin infection, or which last a long time may be caused by bacteria.
1018:
832:
806:
696:
692:
680:. Treatment includes performing surgical drainage and administration of antimicrobial therapy. Surgical
676:
491:– can cause pain or pressure pain between/behind the eyes, the sides of the upper part of the nose (the
5014:
Fokkens W, Lund V, Mullol J (2007). "European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007".
1823:
1765:
Rosenfeld RM, Piccirillo JF, Chandrasekhar SS, Brook I, Kumar KA, Kramper M, et al. (April 2015).
728:
7000:
6683:
6635:
6623:
6437:
6395:
5994:
2951:
Dill SR, Cobbs CG, McDonald CK (February 1995). "Subdural empyema: analysis of 32 cases and review".
1572:
1541:
1014:
1002:
4790:"Intranasal corticosteroids in management of acute sinusitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
1064:
Recurrent acute sinusitis – Four or more full episodes of acute sinusitis that occur within one year
6951:
6918:
6664:
6613:
6241:
6061:
5928:
5757:
3388:
Chakrabarti A, Denning DW, Ferguson BJ, Ponikau J, Buzina W, Kita H, et al. (September 2009).
1854:
1587:
972:
707:, which may in turn result in blindness, or determine central nervous system complications such as
581:
449:
261:
257:
84:
5106:
Venekamp RP, Thompson MJ, Hayward G, Heneghan CJ, Del Mar CB, Perera R, et al. (March 2014).
3390:"Fungal rhinosinusitis: a categorization and definitional schema addressing current controversies"
2269:
659:
and a periostitis of the outer membrane, which produces a tender, puffy swelling of the forehead.
7232:
7222:
7092:
6809:
6674:
6630:
6462:
6383:
6310:
6180:
5404:
5207:
5039:
4944:
4876:
3918:
3864:
3821:
3747:
3703:
3625:
3582:
3282:
3145:
3116:
Saibene AM, Pipolo GC, Lozza P, Maccari A, Portaleone SM, Scotti A, et al. (December 2014).
2898:
2855:
2812:
2769:
2559:
2237:
2096:
1955:
1796:
1583:
1549:
1159:
tube with a light and camera at its tip into the nose to examine the nasal passages and sinuses.
1073:
844:
617:
91:
2709:
Leung RS, Katial R (March 2008). "The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic sinusitis".
2132:
96:
Thick nasal mucus, plugged nose, pain in the face, fever, sore throat, frequent attacks of cough
3183:
6931:
6175:
6004:
5965:
5823:
5783:
5728:
5678:
5643:
5608:
5537:
5486:
5396:
5361:
5312:
5199:
5136:
5088:
5031:
4993:
4936:
4868:
4819:
4770:
4721:
4685:
4606:
4562:
4513:
4496:
Smith SR, Montgomery LG, Williams JW (March 2012). "Treatment of mild to moderate sinusitis".
4478:
4426:
4377:
4328:
4262:
4231:
4005:
3984:
3967:
3910:
3856:
3813:
3772:
3739:
3695:
3660:
3617:
3574:
3533:
3498:
3419:
3370:
3332:
3322:
3274:
3187:
3137:
3098:
3090:
3039:
3029:
3003:
2968:
2933:
2890:
2847:
2804:
2761:
2726:
2674:
2670:
2600:
2551:
2470:
2442:
2347:
2229:
2221:
2088:
2030:
2024:
1988:
1788:
1051:
1010:
923:
628:
437:
408:, night-time coughing, an increase in previously minor or controlled asthma symptoms, general
397:
385:
353:
218:
141:
79:
5724:
4583:
Chow AW, Benninger MS, Brook I, Brozek JL, Goldstein EJ, Hicks LA, et al. (April 2012).
4531:
Karageorgopoulos DE, Giannopoulou KP, Grammatikos AP, Dimopoulos G, Falagas ME (March 2008).
2534:
Mehle ME, Schreiber CP (October 2005). "Sinus headache, migraine, and the otolaryngologist".
2054:
Head K, Chong LY, Piromchai P, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AG, et al. (April 2016).
7145:
7107:
6874:
6867:
6731:
6652:
6491:
6427:
6276:
5670:
5635:
5598:
5588:
5527:
5517:
5476:
5468:
5388:
5351:
5343:
5302:
5294:
5189:
5181:
5126:
5118:
5078:
5070:
5023:
4983:
4975:
4926:
4918:
4858:
4850:
4809:
4801:
4760:
4752:
4713:
4675:
4667:
4596:
4585:"IDSA clinical practice guideline for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in children and adults"
4552:
4544:
4505:
4468:
4460:
4447:
Lemiengre MB, van Driel ML, Merenstein D, Liira H, Mäkelä M, De Sutter AI (September 2018).
4416:
4408:
4367:
4359:
4318:
4310:
4254:
4221:
4213:
4200:
Lemiengre MB, van Driel ML, Merenstein D, Liira H, Mäkelä M, De Sutter AI (September 2018).
4172:
4150:
4069:
4047:
3957:
3949:
3900:
3848:
3805:
3731:
3687:
3652:
3643:
Palmer JN (December 2005). "Bacterial biofilms: do they play a role in chronic sinusitis?".
3609:
3564:
3525:
3488:
3480:
3409:
3401:
3362:
3266:
3175:
3129:
3080:
3070:
2995:
2960:
2925:
2882:
2839:
2796:
2787:
Baker AS (September 1991). "Role of anaerobic bacteria in sinusitis and its complications".
2753:
2718:
2662:
2632:
2590:
2543:
2432:
2339:
2213:
2078:
2070:
1978:
1970:
1778:
1699:
1428:
1360:
1298:
1293:
1202:
MRI image showing sinusitis. Edema and mucosal thickening appears in both maxillary sinuses.
1092:
1058:
938:
874:
866:
815:
was the most common bacterial agent to cause sinus infections. However, introduction of the
767:
648:
624:
506:
401:
292:
288:
253:
226:
182:
133:
4145:
4143:
4141:
6896:
6848:
6736:
6687:
6608:
6524:
6332:
5865:
4167:
4111:
4064:
3991:
3678:
Ramadan HH, Sanclement JA, Thomas JG (March 2005). "Chronic rhinosinusitis and biofilms".
3059:"Diagnosing odontogenic sinusitis: An international multidisciplinary consensus statement"
2492:
2330:
Hamilos DL (October 2011). "Chronic rhinosinusitis: epidemiology and medical management".
1472:
1190:
of chronic sinusitis, showing a filled right maxillary sinus with sclerotic thickened bone
1133:
960:
945:
854:
787:
747:
700:
510:
460:
333:
249:
241:
129:
5834:
4280:
3300:
5356:
5331:
5307:
5282:
5131:
291:
may be used to help with symptoms. Recommended initial treatment for acute sinusitis is
136:, otitis media, laryngitis, bronchitis, orbital cellulitis, meningitis and encephalitis
7196:
6834:
6496:
6407:
6327:
6137:
6132:
5603:
5576:
5532:
5505:
5481:
5456:
5194:
5169:
5083:
5058:
4988:
4963:
4931:
4906:
4863:
4814:
4789:
4765:
4740:
4680:
4655:
4557:
4532:
4473:
4448:
4421:
4396:
4372:
4347:
4323:
4298:
4226:
4201:
3962:
3937:
3809:
3529:
3493:
3468:
3414:
3389:
3057:
Craig JR, Poetker DM, Aksoy U, Allevi F, Biglioli F, Cha BY, et al. (2021-02-14).
2083:
1983:
1594:
1556:
1501:
1460:
1436:
1322:
621:
498:
372:
230:
2999:
2929:
1147:
and clinical symptoms are also used to make a positive diagnosis. A tissue sample for
790:. If the infection is of bacterial origin, the most common three causative agents are
17:
7211:
7150:
6926:
6640:
6351:
5897:
5861:
5211:
4948:
4880:
4671:
3569:
3552:
3286:
3176:
2843:
2757:
2663:
2595:
2578:
2241:
2197:
Orlandi RR, Kingdom TT, Smith TL, Bleier B, DeConde A, Luong AU, et al. (2021).
2100:
1800:
1525:
1383:
1375:
1006:
848:
819:
type B (Hib) vaccine has dramatically decreased these infections and now non-typable
724:
716:
644:
502:
488:
482:
445:
441:
284:
178:
112:
72:
5766:
5762:
5408:
5283:"Surgical versus medical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"
5043:
4299:"Decongestants, antihistamines and nasal irrigation for acute sinusitis in children"
3922:
3868:
3825:
3707:
3149:
2902:
2859:
2816:
2773:
2563:
914:
A more recent, and still debated, development in chronic sinusitis is the role that
7160:
7039:
6863:
6816:
6201:
6153:
6022:
5347:
5298:
5185:
5122:
4979:
4922:
4854:
4756:
4509:
4464:
4412:
4363:
4314:
4258:
4217:
3997:
3751:
3629:
3586:
3366:
2577:
Headache
Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (2004).
2392:
2074:
1974:
1456:
1440:
1368:
1129:
1047:
895:
878:
837:
771:
585:
268:
214:
210:
5522:
4839:"Intranasal steroids versus placebo or no intervention for chronic rhinosinusitis"
5777:
5639:
3905:
3888:
3852:
3766:
3735:
3691:
3600:
Marks SC, Kissner DG (1997). "Management of sinusitis in adult cystic fibrosis".
3484:
2547:
2199:"International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: rhinosinusitis 2021"
7165:
7122:
7049:
7044:
7023:
6961:
6908:
6891:
6886:
6839:
6794:
6645:
6593:
6560:
6432:
6161:
6093:
6056:
6011:
5946:
5818:
1648:. It may be incidentally discovered in people undergoing surgery for sinusitis.
1537:
1497:
1476:
1444:
1417:
1401:
1371:
1338:
1156:
1155:
can also be collected and tested. Nasal endoscopy involves inserting a flexible
968:
891:
783:
763:
681:
652:
604:
312:
300:
120:
5788:
5674:
5562:
5392:
4654:
Falagas ME, Karageorgopoulos DE, Grammatikos AP, Matthaiou DK (February 2009).
3613:
2964:
2886:
2800:
2485:
2343:
456:, discussed below, sinusitis can be classified by the sinus cavity it affects:
59:
7112:
7054:
6881:
6481:
6467:
6442:
6417:
6412:
6346:
6295:
6217:
6193:
6142:
6016:
5981:
5956:
5840:
5472:
5168:
Head K, Chong LY, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AG, Burton MJ (April 2016).
5027:
4962:
Head K, Chong LY, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Burton MJ, Schilder AG (April 2016).
4905:
Chong LY, Head K, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Burton MJ, Schilder AG (April 2016).
4837:
Chong LY, Head K, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AG, Burton MJ (April 2016).
3656:
2722:
1687:
1628:
1564:
1533:
1529:
1448:
1113:
1110:
998:
964:
759:
708:
704:
685:
640:
609:
593:
413:
337:
296:
276:
186:
174:
5170:"Short-course oral steroids as an adjunct therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis"
4717:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4030:
3336:
3094:
3043:
2225:
1783:
1766:
1277:
Sinusitis is usually caused by a virus which is not affected by antibiotics.
7170:
6956:
6588:
6457:
6452:
6422:
5845:
5829:
5794:
5747:
5743:
5074:
4285:
3305:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3028:(12th ed.). Shelton, Connecticut: Burket's oral medicine. p. 341.
1451:. Because of increasing resistance to amoxicillin the 2012 guideline of the
1432:
1328:
1148:
1144:
1137:
994:
824:
671:
589:
425:
417:
378:
359:
Other symptoms associated with acute rhinosinusitis include cough, fatigue,
345:
104:
33:
5682:
5647:
5612:
5541:
5490:
5365:
5316:
5203:
5140:
5092:
5035:
4997:
4940:
4872:
4823:
4774:
4725:
4689:
4610:
4566:
4517:
4482:
4430:
4381:
4332:
4266:
4235:
3971:
3914:
3860:
3817:
3743:
3699:
3664:
3578:
3502:
3423:
3374:
3278:
3141:
3102:
2730:
2604:
2555:
2474:
2446:
2351:
2233:
2092:
1992:
1792:
1597:
of sinonasal contents removed from surgery can be diagnostically valuable:
616:, orbital cellulitis, and abscess. Orbital cellulitis can complicate acute
5400:
4601:
4584:
3621:
3537:
3085:
3007:
2972:
2937:
2894:
2851:
2808:
2765:
979:
has eroded through the bone superiorly to drain into the maxillary sinus.
627:
enables the spread of the infection to the lateral or orbital side of the
7127:
7087:
6971:
6856:
6256:
5989:
5886:
5256:
3469:"Antifungal therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis: the controversy persists"
3117:
1767:"Clinical practice guideline (update): Adult Sinusitis Executive Summary"
1356:
1152:
1099:
1067:
862:
827:
695:
or a complication of a dentistry procedure involves the maxillary sinus,
656:
476:
405:
389:
360:
349:
280:
156:
5593:
4548:
236:
Sinusitis usually occurs in individuals with underlying conditions like
7102:
7097:
7077:
7064:
6209:
6085:
3405:
2480:
1690:
have been used, on a trial basis. These trials have had mixed results.
1505:
1409:
1187:
1125:
1083:
Roughly 90% of adults have had sinusitis at some point in their lives.
1009:
from multiple species, many of which may be difficult or impossible to
990:
976:
840:
712:
667:
663:
613:
492:
453:
421:
409:
364:
272:
237:
108:
68:
5707:
3270:
3133:
3075:
3058:
2437:
2420:
2217:
1956:"Saline nasal irrigation for acute upper respiratory tract infections"
299:
may be used or changed. In those in whom antibiotics are used, either
7117:
6306:
6119:
6048:
5880:
5738:
5719:
5332:"Surgical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"
5057:
Thomas M, Yawn BP, Price D, Lund V, Mullol J, Fokkens W (June 2008).
4805:
3953:
2579:"The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition"
1312:
1022:
931:
858:
245:
125:
4397:"Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis"
1076:
sinusitis – When the signs and symptoms last for more than 12 weeks.
5661:
Dykewicz MS, Hamilos DL (February 2010). "Rhinitis and sinusitis".
4907:"Different types of intranasal steroids for chronic rhinosinusitis"
4395:
Head K, Sharp S, Chong LY, Hopkins C, Philpott C (September 2018).
1091:
Health care providers distinguish bacterial and viral sinusitis by
1046:
Sinusitis (or rhinosinusitis) is defined as an inflammation of the
440:
are the frontal, ethmoidal, maxillary, and sphenoidal sinuses. The
7155:
7082:
7072:
7031:
6127:
5577:"Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma: An Incidental Finding"
3321:(Edition 7 ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. p. 475.
1683:
1037:
1001:-refractory chronic sinusitis. Biofilms are complex aggregates of
915:
903:
infections. Surgery may be needed if medications are not working.
755:
468:
222:
5799:
3553:"The 'united airways' require an holistic approach to management"
1214:
Maxillary sinusitis caused by a dental infection associated with
823:(NTHI) is predominantly seen in clinics. Other sinusitis-causing
6076:
2029:(Eight ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 687.
1475:
when other options are available due to higher risks of serious
870:
597:
464:
295:. If symptoms do not improve in 7–10 days or get worse, then an
6996:
5901:
3936:
Ebell MH, McKay B, Dale A, Guilbault R, Ermias Y (March 2019).
2661:
Terézhalmy GT, Huber MA, Jones AC, Noujeim M, Sankar V (2009).
2297:"Treatment for Sinusitis- Acute, Chronic & Subacute stages"
6992:
5504:
Takahara M, Kumai T, Kishibe K, Nagato T, Harabuchi Y (2021).
5427:"Sinusitis Surgery: An Overview of the Different Technologies"
1468:
341:
4964:"Short-course oral steroids alone for chronic rhinosinusitis"
4002:
3841:
Current
Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
2789:
The Annals of
Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. Supplement
2484:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a
2056:"Systemic and topical antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis"
1355:
Breathing low-temperature steam such as from a hot shower or
861:
invasion. These infections are typically seen in people with
5281:
Rimmer J, Fokkens W, Chong LY, Hopkins C (1 December 2014).
1128:
is recommended. On a CT scan, acute sinus secretions have a
1042:
Illustration depicting sinusitis, note the fluid in the sini
851:
bacteria. Viral sinusitis typically lasts for 7 to 10 days.
4346:
2159:
2157:
1954:
King D, Mitchell B, Williams CP, Spurling GK (April 2015).
1054:
and is classified chronologically into several categories:
1025:
of 75% of people undergoing surgery for chronic sinusitis.
894:. When polyps are present, the condition is called chronic
501:– can cause pain or pressure behind the eyes, but is often
5420:
5418:
5330:
Sharma R, Lakhani R, Rimmer J, Hopkins C (November 2014).
4000:, Richardson MA, Lund VJ, Robbins KT, et al. (2010).
2126:
2124:
1883:
1881:
1879:
762:(with RVA and RVC giving more severe infection than RVB),
577:
Complications are thought to be rare (1 case per 10,000).
3182:(5th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier. pp.
1528:, their byproducts, and pulpal debris from the infected
3516:
Grossman J (February 1997). "One airway, one disease".
5626:
Anon JB (April 2010). "Upper respiratory infections".
2486:
Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
1359:
can relieve symptoms. There is tentative evidence for
647:
of the frontal bone often originates from a spreading
4739:
4103:"Five things physicians and patients should question"
244:. Recurrent episodes are more likely in persons with
5697:
5227:"Fungal sinusitis - causes, symptoms, and treatment"
4788:
Hayward G, Heneghan C, Perera R, Thompson M (2012).
3765:
Lewis K, Salyers AA, Taber HW, Wax RG, eds. (2002).
2365:
2363:
2361:
7189:
7136:
7063:
7030:
6944:
6917:
6847:
6833:
6787:
6745:
6724:
6698:
6601:
6587:
6578:
6507:
6392:
6372:
6255:
6235:
6075:
5955:
5935:
5809:
5701:
4155:
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
4117:
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
4099:
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
3319:
Oral radiology : principles and interpretation
1555:For chronic or recurring sinusitis, referral to an
1136:(HU), but in a more chronic state they become more
192:
170:
162:
150:
140:
119:
100:
90:
78:
49:
44:
5457:"Topical Drug Delivery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis"
3473:Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
2656:
2654:
1855:"Sinus infection symptoms | Problems with sinuses"
1686:may play in the development of chronic sinusitis,
1017:techniques. Bacteria found in biofilms have their
930:, the "one airway" theory) and is often linked to
1447:, are used in those who have severe allergies to
719:and life-threatening cavernous sinus thrombosis.
4449:"Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults"
4348:"Cyclamen europaeum extract for acute sinusitis"
4202:"Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults"
1467:, because of growing antibiotic resistance. The
1105:For cases of maxillary sinusitis, limited field
750:sinusitis is usually precipitated by an earlier
388:, which innervate both the sinus region and the
340:that is usually green in color, and may contain
5009:
5007:
4578:
4576:
4442:
4440:
4159:"Treating sinusitis: Don't rush to antibiotics"
4056:"Treating sinusitis: Don't rush to antibiotics"
3882:
3880:
3878:
3467:Rank MA, Adolphson CR, Kita H (February 2009).
3352:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3252:
3250:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2421:"Rhinosinusitis in oral medicine and dentistry"
2414:
2412:
2410:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2192:
2190:
2018:
2016:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
684:is rarely required after an extended course of
27:Inflammation of the inner lining of the sinuses
5663:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
5108:"Systemic corticosteroids for acute sinusitis"
3889:"Clinical practice guideline: adult sinusitis"
3122:International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
3063:International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
3019:
3017:
2332:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
2206:International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
7008:
5913:
2465:DeBoer DL, Kwon E (2020). "Acute Sinusitis".
375:is also a symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis.
267:Some cases may be prevented by hand washing,
221:resulting in symptoms that may include thick
8:
5563:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
5554:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2618:
2616:
2614:
2026:Middleton's allergy: principles and practice
1124:For sinusitis lasting more than 12 weeks, a
941:are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis.
5336:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5287:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5174:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5115:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4968:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4911:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4843:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4745:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4401:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4352:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4303:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4251:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4206:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3359:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3178:Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery
2166:"Sinusitis Diagnosis - How to identify it?"
2063:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1963:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1654:Treatments directed to rhinovirus infection
857:episodes of sinusitis can also result from
727:) of the forehead and other facial bones –
7015:
7001:
6993:
6844:
6598:
6584:
6389:
6252:
5952:
5920:
5906:
5898:
5698:
3219:"Maxillary Sinusitis of Endodontic Origin"
1682:Based on recent theories on the role that
58:
41:
32:For the joint inflammation condition, see
6520:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
5602:
5592:
5531:
5521:
5480:
5355:
5306:
5193:
5130:
5082:
4987:
4930:
4862:
4813:
4764:
4741:"Intranasal steroids for acute sinusitis"
4679:
4600:
4556:
4472:
4420:
4371:
4322:
4225:
3961:
3904:
3568:
3492:
3439:"Mayo Report on Sinusitis Draws Skeptics"
3413:
3317:White Stuart C, Pharoah MJ (2013-12-12).
3084:
3074:
2594:
2436:
2082:
1982:
1782:
1645:Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type
1303:Can provide relief by helping decongest.
344:or blood. Often, a localized headache or
4660:British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
3645:Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
2988:Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
1582:Another recently developed treatment is
1504:have not been found to be better than a
521:
6544:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
2669:. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell. p.
1716:
1599:
1552:, or extraction of the infected tooth.
1363:in acute sinusitis, for example during
1165:
420:. Often, chronic sinusitis can lead to
5547:
4166:Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the
4110:Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the
4063:Choosing wisely: an initiative of the
3768:Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobials
2665:Physical evaluation in dental practice
2639:from the original on November 14, 2012
1453:Infectious Diseases Society of America
1140:, with a radiodensity of 30 to 60 HU.
4182:from the original on January 24, 2013
4126:from the original on November 3, 2012
4052:American Academy of Family Physicians
1382:. It is unclear if nasal irrigation,
7:
5893:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5381:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
3893:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
3724:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
3680:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
3226:American Association of Endodontists
3174:Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker MR (2008).
2875:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
2536:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
1771:Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
1579:may help in recovery after surgery.
6977:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
5461:Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports
1612:of an inflammatory sinonasal polyp.
1569:functional endoscopic sinus surgery
1274:Viral and some bacterial sinusitis
603:Sinus infection can spread through
6566:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
5929:Diseases of the respiratory system
4297:Shaikh N, Wald ER (October 2014).
4079:from the original on June 11, 2012
4024:Harrison's Manual of Medicine 16/e
3810:10.1097/01.mlg.0000161346.30752.18
3530:10.1378/chest.111.2_Supplement.11S
3235:from the original on 26 March 2019
2133:"What causes sinusitis infection?"
1317:Remaining hydrated loosens mucus.
952:can also cause chronic sinusitis.
674:causes are anaerobic bacteria and
571:Cavernous sinus septic thrombosis
196:10–30% each year (developed world)
25:
2399:from the original on 2011-05-25.
2276:from the original on 5 April 2015
1834:from the original on 7 April 2015
1610:Benign chronic mixed inflammation
1577:propel mometasone furoate implant
1496:For unconfirmed acute sinusitis,
780:human respiratory syncytial virus
752:upper respiratory tract infection
452:. In addition to the severity of
115:, structural problems in the nose
5628:The American Journal of Medicine
5575:Althoff A, Bibliowicz M (2017).
5063:Primary Care Respiratory Journal
4672:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03306.x
4635:from the original on 16 May 2016
3785:from the original on 2014-01-07.
3570:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00858.x
2844:10.1288/00005537-199103000-00003
2758:10.1288/00005537-197009000-00007
2596:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00653.x
2479:
2381:from the original on 2010-02-22.
2043:from the original on 2016-06-03.
1636:
1617:
1602:
1234:
1222:
1207:
1195:
1180:
1168:
950:granulomatosis with polyangiitis
307:is recommended first line, with
5455:Liang J, Lane AP (March 2013).
5437:from the original on 2023-05-05
5263:from the original on 2007-11-01
5237:from the original on 2023-05-05
5150:from the original on 2019-11-15
4887:from the original on 2019-11-15
3449:from the original on 2019-03-06
3156:from the original on 2024-02-25
2516:from the original on 2023-09-26
2307:from the original on 2022-12-13
2251:from the original on 2023-03-07
2176:from the original on 2022-12-12
2143:from the original on 2022-12-12
2110:from the original on 2018-07-22
2002:from the original on 2021-08-29
1929:from the original on 2017-07-28
1919:"Migraines vs. Sinus Headaches"
1900:from the original on 2023-01-09
1865:from the original on 2022-12-12
1408:are reasonable antibiotics for
911:allergic and nonallergic EMRS.
655:of the frontal sinus causes an
53:Sinus infection, rhinosinusitis
6982:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
5348:10.1002/14651858.cd006990.pub2
5299:10.1002/14651858.CD006991.pub2
5186:10.1002/14651858.cd011992.pub2
5123:10.1002/14651858.CD008115.pub3
4980:10.1002/14651858.cd011991.pub2
4923:10.1002/14651858.cd011993.pub2
4855:10.1002/14651858.cd011996.pub2
4757:10.1002/14651858.CD005149.pub4
4510:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.253
4465:10.1002/14651858.CD006089.pub5
4413:10.1002/14651858.cd012453.pub2
4364:10.1002/14651858.CD011341.pub2
4315:10.1002/14651858.CD007909.pub4
4259:10.1002/14651858.CD006394.pub2
4218:10.1002/14651858.CD006089.pub5
3367:10.1002/14651858.CD008515.pub2
2075:10.1002/14651858.CD011994.pub2
1975:10.1002/14651858.CD006821.pub3
1471:recommends against the use of
997:may account for many cases of
975:tooth, where the inflammatory
631:. Sinusitis may extend to the
495:), and headaches (J01.2/J32.2)
467:or pressure in the maxillary (
367:and ear fullness or pressure.
1:
6556:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
5523:10.3390/microorganisms9071381
4498:Archives of Internal Medicine
3602:American Journal of Rhinology
3000:10.1016/S0030-6665(20)30796-9
2930:10.1016/S0161-6420(94)31297-8
2419:Ferguson M (September 2014).
1824:"Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)"
1465:trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
786:other than rhinoviruses, and
166:Handwashing, avoiding smoking
6539:Respiratory hypersensitivity
6477:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
5640:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.003
4589:Clinical Infectious Diseases
4004:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
3906:10.1016/j.otohns.2007.06.726
3853:10.1097/MOO.0b013e3282fdcc9a
3736:10.1016/j.otohns.2006.03.001
3692:10.1016/j.otohns.2004.11.011
3485:10.1097/ACI.0b013e328320d279
2953:Clinical Infectious Diseases
2548:10.1016/j.otohns.2005.05.659
1923:American Migraine Foundation
1890:"Complications of Sinusitis"
1365:upper respiratory infections
1343:Desire for temporary relief
107:(bacterial, fungal, viral),
6448:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
5425:Meghanadh DK (2023-02-07).
5225:Meghanadh DK (2022-12-16).
3771:. New York: Marcel Decker.
2295:Meghanadh DK (2022-12-05).
2270:"How Is Sinusitis Treated?"
2164:Meghanadh DK (2022-11-16).
2131:Meghanadh DK (2022-11-14).
1888:Meghanadh DK (2022-11-18).
1416:being slightly superior to
776:human parainfluenza viruses
424:, the loss of the sense of
7249:
6301:Acute exacerbation of COPD
5675:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.989
5393:10.1177/019459988609400202
5255:Tichenor WS (2007-04-22).
4453:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
3614:10.2500/105065897781446810
2887:10.1177/019459989310900518
2801:10.1177/00034894911000s907
2629:Disease Management Project
2377:. University of Maryland.
2344:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.08.004
2338:(4): 693–707, quiz 708–9.
1586:. This method, similar to
670:scanning. The most common
637:cavernous sinus thrombosis
620:if anterior and posterior
513:, or the back of the head.
31:
5473:10.1007/s40136-012-0003-4
5028:10.1017/S0959774306000060
4794:Annals of Family Medicine
3942:Annals of Family Medicine
3657:10.1016/j.otc.2005.07.004
3437:Boodman SG (1999-11-23).
2723:10.1016/j.pop.2007.09.002
2425:Australian Dental Journal
2371:"Sinusitus Complications"
1853:Koralla DR (2021-06-27).
1337:
1321:
1307:
1292:
1281:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:Treatments for sinusitis
971:infection of a maxillary
758:origin, mostly caused by
567:
559:
551:
543:
535:
530:
527:
146:Usually based on symptoms
71:showing sinusitis of the
66:
57:
6364:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
6357:Bronchiolitis obliterans
6223:Laryngotracheal stenosis
6170:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6148:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6106:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6034:Nasal septum perforation
4718:10.1001/jama.298.21.2487
3259:Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
3024:Glick M (30 June 2014).
2965:10.1093/clinids/20.2.372
1784:10.1177/0194599815574247
1109:imaging, as compared to
793:Streptococcus pneumoniae
523:Chandler Classification
412:, thick green or yellow
6112:Retropharyngeal abscess
5871:considered for deletion
5075:10.3132/pcrj.2008.00029
1414:amoxicillin/clavulanate
1406:amoxicillin/clavulanate
1175:CT of chronic sinusitis
944:Other diseases such as
309:amoxicillin/clavulanate
305:amoxicillin/clavulanate
6805:Pulmonary hypertension
6534:Eosinophilic pneumonia
6186:Vocal cord dysfunction
6029:Nasal septum deviation
5669:(2 Suppl 2): S103-15.
4281:Rhinitis medicamentosa
3996:Flint PW, Haughey BH,
3026:Burket's oral medicine
1830:. September 30, 2013.
1567:ones. The benefit of
1216:periorbital cellulitis
1043:
800:Haemophilus influenzae
633:central nervous system
600:, and possibly death.
555:Subperiosteal abscess
152:Differential diagnosis
18:Chronic rhinosinusitis
6932:Mediastinal emphysema
6711:Healthcare-associated
6641:Legionnaires' disease
6067:Peritonsillar abscess
6039:Nasal septal hematoma
5016:Rhinology. Supplement
3651:(6): 1193–201, viii.
3551:Cruz AA (July 2005).
2212:(3). Wiley: 213–739.
1705:Odontogenic sinusitis
1688:antifungal treatments
1560:been poorly studied.
1546:periradicular surgery
1423:antibiotic resistance
1041:
1019:antibiotic resistance
807:Moraxella catarrhalis
697:odontogenic sinusitis
693:odontogenic infection
635:, where it may cause
584:through the bones or
539:Preseptal cellulitis
256:. In early stages an
6679:Mendelson's syndrome
6551:Hamman–Rich syndrome
3524:(2 Suppl): 11S–16S.
2023:Adkinson NF (2014).
1542:root canal treatment
1285:Bacterial sinusitis
1003:extracellular matrix
847:and, less commonly,
254:poor immune function
134:poor immune function
6952:Respiratory failure
6919:Mediastinal disease
6487:Bird fancier's lung
6062:Adenoid hypertrophy
5634:(4 Suppl): S16-25.
5594:10.7759/cureus.1260
4602:10.1093/cid/cir1043
4549:10.1503/cmaj.071157
3443:The Washington Post
2506:"Chronic Sinusitis"
1588:balloon angioplasty
1573:drug eluting stents
1435:antibiotic such as
1256:
1015:clinical laboratory
1005:and interdependent
899:dental infections.
867:immune deficiencies
770:, others caused by
547:Orbital cellulitis
524:
450:middle nasal concha
262:computed tomography
258:ear nose and throat
85:Otorhinolaryngology
6857:Pleuritis/pleurisy
6810:Pulmonary embolism
6706:Community-acquired
6631:Atypical bacterial
6530:Löffler's syndrome
6311:Status asthmaticus
6296:Chronic bronchitis
6181:Vocal fold paresis
5995:Vasomotor rhinitis
5810:External resources
3990:2017-02-16 at the
3899:(3 Suppl): S1-31.
3406:10.1002/lary.20520
2795:(9_suppl): 17–22.
2717:(1): 11–24, v–vi.
2589:(Suppl 1): 9–160.
2491:2017-10-16 at the
1625:Acute inflammation
1584:balloon sinuplasty
1550:tooth replantation
1389:Cyclamen europaeum
1254:
1044:
845:anaerobic bacteria
811:. Until recently,
729:Pott's puffy tumor
703:, causing orbital
582:anaerobic bacteria
522:
327:Signs and symptoms
311:being superior to
7205:
7204:
6990:
6989:
6940:
6939:
6897:Empyema/pyothorax
6829:
6828:
6825:
6824:
6783:
6782:
6716:Hospital-acquired
6574:
6573:
6438:Caplan's syndrome
6231:
6230:
6176:Vocal fold nodule
6000:Atrophic rhinitis
5855:
5854:
5257:"FAQ — Sinusitis"
3778:978-0-8247-0635-7
3328:978-0-323-09633-1
3271:10.1002/alr.22403
3265:(10): 1159–1188.
3193:978-0-323-04903-0
3134:10.1002/alr.21400
3128:(12): 1020–1023.
3076:10.1002/alr.22777
3035:978-1-60795-280-0
2680:978-0-8138-2131-3
2438:10.1111/adj.12193
2375:Patient Education
2272:. April 3, 2012.
2218:10.1002/alr.22741
1627:characterized by
1380:rebound sinusitis
1350:
1349:
1229:Frontal sinusitis
1052:paranasal sinuses
937:Both smoking and
924:respiratory tract
768:influenza viruses
629:ethmoid labyrinth
575:
574:
511:mastoid processes
442:ethmoidal sinuses
438:paranasal sinuses
398:chronic sinusitis
386:trigeminal nerves
354:Valsalva maneuver
200:
199:
142:Diagnostic method
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
7240:
7146:Acute bronchitis
7108:Nasal congestion
7093:Loss of appetite
7017:
7010:
7003:
6994:
6875:Pleural effusion
6868:Hemopneumothorax
6845:
6599:
6585:
6428:Bauxite fibrosis
6393:External agents/
6390:
6321:Exercise-induced
6277:Acute bronchitis
6253:
5953:
5922:
5915:
5908:
5899:
5894:
5874:
5699:
5687:
5686:
5658:
5652:
5651:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5606:
5596:
5572:
5566:
5559:
5553:
5545:
5535:
5525:
5501:
5495:
5494:
5484:
5452:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5442:
5422:
5413:
5412:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5359:
5342:(11): CD006990.
5327:
5321:
5320:
5310:
5293:(12): CD006991.
5278:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5252:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5222:
5216:
5215:
5197:
5165:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5149:
5134:
5112:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5086:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5011:
5002:
5001:
4991:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4934:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4866:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4817:
4806:10.1370/afm.1338
4785:
4779:
4778:
4768:
4751:(12): CD005149.
4736:
4730:
4729:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4683:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4604:
4580:
4571:
4570:
4560:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4476:
4444:
4435:
4434:
4424:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4375:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4309:(10): CD007909.
4294:
4288:
4277:
4271:
4270:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4229:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4181:
4173:Consumer Reports
4163:
4151:Consumer Reports
4147:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4125:
4107:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4078:
4070:Consumer Reports
4060:
4048:Consumer Reports
4044:
4025:
4022:
4016:
4015:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3965:
3954:10.1370/afm.2354
3933:
3927:
3926:
3908:
3884:
3873:
3872:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3798:The Laryngoscope
3793:
3787:
3786:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3572:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3496:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3417:
3394:The Laryngoscope
3385:
3379:
3378:
3354:
3341:
3340:
3314:
3308:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3254:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3234:
3223:
3215:
3198:
3197:
3181:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3088:
3078:
3069:(8): 1235–1248.
3054:
3048:
3047:
3021:
3012:
3011:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2832:The Laryngoscope
2827:
2821:
2820:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2746:The Laryngoscope
2741:
2735:
2734:
2706:
2685:
2684:
2668:
2658:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2633:Cleveland Clinic
2620:
2609:
2608:
2598:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2510:Cleveland Clinic
2502:
2496:
2483:
2478:
2462:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2416:
2405:
2404:
2395:. herb2000.com.
2389:
2383:
2382:
2367:
2356:
2355:
2327:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2250:
2203:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2128:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2109:
2086:
2060:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2001:
1986:
1960:
1951:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1885:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1820:
1805:
1804:
1786:
1762:
1700:Fungal sinusitis
1640:
1621:
1606:
1557:otolaryngologist
1473:fluoroquinolones
1429:Fluoroquinolones
1361:nasal irrigation
1299:Nasal congestion
1294:Nasal irrigation
1257:
1253:
1238:
1226:
1211:
1199:
1184:
1172:
1134:Hounsfield units
1093:watchful waiting
939:secondhand smoke
649:thrombophlebitis
625:thrombophlebitis
612:, subperiosteal
563:Orbital abscess
525:
436:The four paired
402:nasal congestion
322:
293:watchful waiting
289:nasal irrigation
215:mucous membranes
205:, also known as
183:nasal irrigation
175:Pain medications
62:
42:
21:
7248:
7247:
7243:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7237:
7208:
7207:
7206:
7201:
7197:Antiviral drugs
7185:
7132:
7059:
7026:
7021:
6991:
6986:
6936:
6913:
6849:Pleural disease
6838:
6821:
6779:
6741:
6725:By distribution
6720:
6699:By vector/route
6694:
6592:
6580:
6570:
6525:Pulmonary edema
6503:
6398:
6394:
6381:
6377:
6368:
6333:Cystic fibrosis
6260:
6244:
6240:
6227:
6071:
5945:
5939:
5931:
5926:
5885:
5859:
5856:
5851:
5850:
5805:
5804:
5710:
5696:
5691:
5690:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5574:
5573:
5569:
5560:
5546:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5440:
5438:
5424:
5423:
5416:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5266:
5264:
5254:
5253:
5249:
5240:
5238:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5180:(4): CD011992.
5167:
5166:
5162:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5117:(3): CD008115.
5110:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5056:
5055:
5051:
5013:
5012:
5005:
4974:(4): CD011991.
4961:
4960:
4956:
4917:(4): CD011993.
4904:
4903:
4899:
4890:
4888:
4849:(4): CD011996.
4836:
4835:
4831:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4712:(21): 2487–96.
4702:
4701:
4697:
4653:
4652:
4648:
4638:
4636:
4631:. 12 May 2016.
4623:
4622:
4618:
4595:(8): e72–e112.
4582:
4581:
4574:
4530:
4529:
4525:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4459:(9): CD006089.
4446:
4445:
4438:
4407:(9): CD012453.
4394:
4393:
4389:
4358:(8): CD011341.
4345:
4344:
4340:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4278:
4274:
4253:(3): CD006394.
4248:
4247:
4243:
4212:(9): CD006089.
4199:
4198:
4194:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4168:ABIM Foundation
4161:
4149:
4148:
4139:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4112:ABIM Foundation
4105:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4065:ABIM Foundation
4058:
4046:
4045:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4012:
3995:
3992:Wayback Machine
3983:
3979:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3886:
3885:
3876:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3779:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3452:
3450:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3361:(7): CD008515.
3356:
3355:
3344:
3329:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3298:
3294:
3256:
3255:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3201:
3194:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3159:
3157:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3036:
3023:
3022:
3015:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2708:
2707:
2688:
2681:
2660:
2659:
2652:
2642:
2640:
2622:
2621:
2612:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2519:
2517:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2493:Wayback Machine
2464:
2463:
2454:
2418:
2417:
2408:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2329:
2328:
2319:
2310:
2308:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2279:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2179:
2177:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2146:
2144:
2130:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2069:(4): CD011994.
2058:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2037:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1969:(4): CD006821.
1958:
1953:
1952:
1941:
1932:
1930:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1887:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1866:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1822:
1821:
1808:
1764:
1763:
1718:
1713:
1696:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1649:
1641:
1632:
1622:
1613:
1607:
1522:
1502:corticosteroids
1494:
1492:Corticosteroids
1410:first treatment
1398:
1252:
1245:
1239:
1230:
1227:
1218:
1212:
1203:
1200:
1191:
1185:
1176:
1173:
1122:
1089:
1050:that lines the
1048:mucous membrane
1036:
1031:
1013:using standard
988:
986:Pathophysiology
958:
956:Maxillary sinus
946:cystic fibrosis
887:
788:metapneumovirus
754:, generally of
745:
740:
622:ethmoidal veins
520:
507:top of the head
479:) (J01.0/J32.0)
434:
404:, facial pain,
338:nasal discharge
329:
320:
271:, and avoiding
250:cystic fibrosis
242:viral infection
130:cystic fibrosis
40:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7246:
7244:
7236:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7218:Nose disorders
7210:
7209:
7203:
7202:
7200:
7199:
7193:
7191:
7187:
7186:
7184:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7142:
7140:
7134:
7133:
7131:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7069:
7067:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7036:
7034:
7028:
7027:
7022:
7020:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6997:
6988:
6987:
6985:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6948:
6946:
6942:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6923:
6921:
6915:
6914:
6912:
6911:
6905:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6877:
6871:
6870:
6860:
6859:
6853:
6851:
6842:
6835:Pleural cavity
6831:
6830:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6819:
6814:
6813:
6812:
6807:
6797:
6791:
6789:
6785:
6784:
6781:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6751:
6749:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6734:
6728:
6726:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6702:
6700:
6696:
6695:
6693:
6692:
6691:
6690:
6681:
6667:
6662:
6661:
6660:
6650:
6649:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6628:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6611:
6605:
6603:
6596:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6572:
6571:
6569:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6547:
6546:
6536:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6511:
6509:
6505:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6500:
6499:
6497:Lycoperdonosis
6494:
6489:
6484:
6473:
6472:
6471:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6408:Pneumoconiosis
6404:
6402:
6387:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6360:
6359:
6349:
6344:
6342:
6336:
6335:
6330:
6328:Bronchiectasis
6325:
6324:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6304:
6298:
6288:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6274:
6272:
6266:
6264:
6250:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6213:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6197:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6167:
6165:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6145:
6140:
6138:Laryngeal cyst
6135:
6133:Laryngomalacia
6130:
6125:
6123:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6103:
6102:
6101:
6091:
6089:
6081:
6079:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6052:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5987:
5985:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5969:
5961:
5959:
5950:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5925:
5924:
5917:
5910:
5902:
5896:
5895:
5883:
5853:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5837:
5835:article/232670
5826:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5791:
5780:
5769:
5750:
5731:
5711:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5702:Classification
5695:
5694:External links
5692:
5689:
5688:
5653:
5618:
5567:
5510:Microorganisms
5496:
5447:
5414:
5371:
5322:
5273:
5247:
5217:
5160:
5098:
5049:
5003:
4954:
4897:
4829:
4780:
4731:
4695:
4646:
4616:
4572:
4523:
4488:
4436:
4387:
4338:
4289:
4272:
4241:
4192:
4137:
4090:
4054:(April 2012).
4026:
4017:
4010:
3977:
3948:(2): 164–172.
3928:
3874:
3831:
3788:
3777:
3757:
3713:
3670:
3635:
3592:
3543:
3508:
3459:
3429:
3400:(9): 1809–18.
3380:
3342:
3327:
3309:
3292:
3246:
3199:
3192:
3166:
3108:
3086:2027.42/168522
3049:
3034:
3013:
2994:(4): 639–655.
2978:
2959:(2): 372–386.
2943:
2908:
2881:(5): 886–894.
2865:
2838:(3): 234–239.
2822:
2779:
2752:(9): 1414–28.
2736:
2686:
2679:
2650:
2610:
2569:
2526:
2497:
2452:
2406:
2384:
2357:
2317:
2287:
2261:
2186:
2153:
2120:
2046:
2035:
2012:
1939:
1910:
1875:
1845:
1806:
1777:(4): 598–609.
1715:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1695:
1692:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1642:
1635:
1633:
1623:
1616:
1614:
1608:
1601:
1595:Histopathology
1526:microorganisms
1521:
1518:
1493:
1490:
1461:clarithromycin
1437:clarithromycin
1431:, and a newer
1397:
1394:
1384:antihistamines
1348:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1323:Antihistamines
1319:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1308:Drink liquids
1305:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1213:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1121:
1118:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1035:
1034:Classification
1032:
1030:
1027:
1007:microorganisms
987:
984:
957:
954:
886:
883:
744:
741:
739:
736:
573:
572:
569:
565:
564:
561:
557:
556:
553:
549:
548:
545:
541:
540:
537:
533:
532:
529:
519:
516:
515:
514:
496:
486:
480:
475:toothache, or
433:
430:
373:Postnasal drip
328:
325:
285:nasal steroids
217:that line the
207:rhinosinusitis
198:
197:
194:
190:
189:
179:nasal steroids
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
154:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
123:
117:
116:
102:
98:
97:
94:
88:
87:
82:
76:
75:
64:
63:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7245:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7228:Inflammations
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7215:
7213:
7198:
7195:
7194:
7192:
7188:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7151:Bronchiolitis
7149:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7139:
7138:Complications
7135:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7062:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7035:
7033:
7029:
7025:
7018:
7013:
7011:
7006:
7004:
6999:
6998:
6995:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6947:
6945:Other/general
6943:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6927:Mediastinitis
6925:
6924:
6922:
6920:
6916:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6836:
6832:
6818:
6815:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6790:
6786:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6744:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6723:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6701:
6697:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6671:
6670:noninfectious
6668:
6666:
6663:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6654:
6651:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6632:
6629:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6590:
6586:
6583:
6579:Obstructive /
6577:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6541:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6506:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6492:Farmer's lung
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6410:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6401:
6397:
6391:
6388:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6371:
6365:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6352:Bronchiolitis
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6337:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6281:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6234:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6211:
6207:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6195:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6159:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6117:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6104:
6100:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6074:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5934:
5930:
5923:
5918:
5916:
5911:
5909:
5904:
5903:
5900:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5863:
5858:
5857:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5838:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5820:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5779:
5775:
5774:
5770:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5704:
5700:
5693:
5684:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5657:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5622:
5619:
5614:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5578:
5571:
5568:
5564:
5557:
5551:
5543:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5500:
5497:
5492:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5451:
5448:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5375:
5372:
5367:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5326:
5323:
5318:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5277:
5274:
5262:
5258:
5251:
5248:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5221:
5218:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5164:
5161:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5109:
5102:
5099:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5053:
5050:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5010:
5008:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4958:
4955:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4901:
4898:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4833:
4830:
4825:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4784:
4781:
4776:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4735:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4699:
4696:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4666:(2): 161–71.
4665:
4661:
4657:
4650:
4647:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4620:
4617:
4612:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4543:(7): 845–54.
4542:
4538:
4534:
4527:
4524:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4492:
4489:
4484:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4391:
4388:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4342:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4245:
4242:
4237:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4196:
4193:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4169:
4160:
4157:(July 2012),
4156:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4091:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4066:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4011:9780323080873
4007:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3932:
3929:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3847:(3): 226–30.
3846:
3842:
3835:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3804:(4): 578–82.
3803:
3799:
3792:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3761:
3758:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3674:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3593:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3544:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3512:
3509:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3460:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3430:
3425:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3170:
3167:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2982:
2979:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2924:(3): 585–95.
2923:
2919:
2918:Ophthalmology
2912:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2826:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2740:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2623:Radojicic C.
2619:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2570:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2542:(4): 489–96.
2541:
2537:
2530:
2527:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2431:(3): 289–95.
2430:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2291:
2288:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2036:9780323085939
2032:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2017:
2013:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1846:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1376:oxymetazoline
1373:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1327:Concern with
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1258:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1178:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
985:
983:
980:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
955:
953:
951:
947:
942:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
920:
917:
912:
909:
904:
900:
897:
893:
884:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
850:
849:Gram-negative
846:
842:
839:
835:
834:
829:
826:
822:
821:H. influenzae
818:
817:H. influenzae
814:
813:H. influenzae
810:
808:
803:
801:
796:
794:
789:
785:
784:enteroviruses
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
764:coronaviruses
761:
757:
753:
749:
742:
737:
735:
732:
730:
726:
725:osteomyelitis
720:
718:
717:brain abscess
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
687:
683:
679:
678:
673:
669:
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:Osteomyelitis
642:
639:, retrograde
638:
634:
630:
626:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:blood vessels
583:
578:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
526:
518:Complications
517:
512:
508:
504:
500:
497:
494:
493:medial canthi
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
459:
458:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:basal lamella
443:
439:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
394:
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
374:
368:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
326:
324:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
195:
191:
188:
184:
180:
176:
173:
169:
165:
161:
158:
155:
153:
149:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
124:
122:
118:
114:
113:air pollution
110:
106:
103:
99:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
81:
77:
74:
73:ethmoid sinus
70:
65:
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
35:
30:
19:
7181:Strep throat
7175:
7161:Otitis media
7103:Muscle aches
6864:Pneumothorax
6817:Lung abscess
6799:
6669:
6658:Pneumocystis
6619:Pneumococcal
6400:lung disease
6396:occupational
6374:Interstitial
6339:
6283:
6269:
6242:lung disease
6208:
6202:Epiglottitis
6192:
6160:
6154:Laryngospasm
6118:
6099:Strep throat
6084:
6047:
6023:nasal septum
6021:
5980:
5973:
5964:
5890:
5864:
5839:
5828:
5817:
5793:
5782:
5771:
5752:
5733:
5714:
5666:
5662:
5656:
5631:
5627:
5621:
5587:(5): e1260.
5584:
5580:
5570:
5550:cite journal
5513:
5509:
5499:
5467:(1): 51–60.
5464:
5460:
5450:
5439:. Retrieved
5430:
5387:(2): 143–7.
5384:
5380:
5374:
5339:
5335:
5325:
5290:
5286:
5276:
5265:. Retrieved
5250:
5239:. Retrieved
5230:
5220:
5177:
5173:
5163:
5152:. Retrieved
5114:
5101:
5069:(2): 79–89.
5066:
5062:
5052:
5022:(1): 1–136.
5019:
5015:
4971:
4967:
4957:
4914:
4910:
4900:
4889:. Retrieved
4846:
4842:
4832:
4800:(3): 241–9.
4797:
4793:
4783:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4709:
4705:
4698:
4663:
4659:
4649:
4637:. Retrieved
4628:
4619:
4592:
4588:
4540:
4536:
4526:
4504:(6): 510–3.
4501:
4497:
4491:
4456:
4452:
4404:
4400:
4390:
4355:
4351:
4341:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4279:
4275:
4250:
4244:
4209:
4205:
4195:
4184:, retrieved
4165:
4128:. Retrieved
4109:
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4062:
4020:
4001:
3980:
3945:
3941:
3931:
3896:
3892:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3767:
3760:
3730:(6): 991–6.
3727:
3723:
3716:
3686:(3): 414–7.
3683:
3679:
3673:
3648:
3644:
3638:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3563:(7): 871–4.
3560:
3556:
3546:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3479:(1): 67–72.
3476:
3472:
3462:
3451:. Retrieved
3442:
3432:
3397:
3393:
3383:
3358:
3318:
3312:
3301:Mucormycosis
3299:
3295:
3262:
3258:
3237:. Retrieved
3225:
3177:
3169:
3158:. Retrieved
3125:
3121:
3111:
3066:
3062:
3052:
3025:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2878:
2874:
2868:
2835:
2831:
2825:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2714:
2711:Primary Care
2710:
2664:
2643:November 26,
2641:. Retrieved
2628:
2586:
2582:
2572:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2518:. Retrieved
2509:
2500:
2466:
2428:
2424:
2400:
2387:
2374:
2335:
2331:
2309:. Retrieved
2300:
2290:
2278:. Retrieved
2264:
2253:. Retrieved
2209:
2205:
2178:. Retrieved
2169:
2145:. Retrieved
2136:
2112:. Retrieved
2066:
2062:
2049:
2025:
2004:. Retrieved
1966:
1962:
1931:. Retrieved
1922:
1913:
1902:. Retrieved
1893:
1867:. Retrieved
1858:
1848:
1836:. Retrieved
1827:
1774:
1770:
1681:
1673:
1670:Epidemiology
1665:
1657:
1643:
1624:
1609:
1593:
1581:
1562:
1554:
1523:
1514:
1511:
1498:nasal sprays
1495:
1481:
1477:side effects
1457:azithromycin
1441:tetracycline
1427:
1425:, and cost.
1399:
1387:
1372:nasal sprays
1369:Decongestant
1354:
1351:
1282:Antibiotics
1161:
1142:
1132:of 10 to 25
1130:radiodensity
1123:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1045:
989:
981:
959:
943:
936:
927:
921:
913:
905:
901:
896:hyperplastic
888:
879:mucormycosis
853:
838:streptococci
831:
820:
816:
812:
805:
798:
791:
772:adenoviruses
760:rhinoviruses
746:
733:
721:
690:
675:
666:and nuclear
661:
605:anastomosing
602:
579:
576:
531:Description
472:
463:– can cause
435:
400:may include
396:Symptoms of
395:
383:
377:
369:
358:
330:
317:
277:Pain killers
269:immunization
266:
235:
227:plugged nose
211:inflammation
206:
202:
201:
121:Risk factors
29:
7166:Pharyngitis
7123:Sore throat
7050:Enterovirus
7045:Coronavirus
7024:Common cold
6962:Common cold
6909:Fibrothorax
6892:Chylothorax
6887:Hydrothorax
6840:mediastinum
6800:circulatory
6795:Atelectasis
6602:By pathogen
6594:pneumonitis
6581:Restrictive
6561:Sarcoidosis
6433:Berylliosis
6379:restrictive
6340:unspecified
6262:obstructive
6245:(including
6162:vocal cords
6094:Pharyngitis
6057:Tonsillitis
6012:Nasal polyp
5947:common cold
5940:(including
5891:MedlinePlus
5887:"Sinusitis"
5819:MedlinePlus
5516:(7): 1381.
3608:(1): 11–4.
2625:"Sinusitis"
2583:Cephalalgia
2393:"Sinusitis"
1629:neutrophils
1538:debridement
1534:antibiotics
1532:. Systemic
1449:penicillins
1445:doxycycline
1418:amoxicillin
1402:amoxicillin
1396:Antibiotics
1374:containing
1339:Nasal spray
1263:Indication
1157:fiber-optic
1114:radiographs
969:periodontal
908:eosinophils
711:, subdural
682:debridement
653:periostitis
618:ethmoiditis
509:, over the
432:By location
313:amoxicillin
301:amoxicillin
231:facial pain
223:nasal mucus
50:Other names
7212:Categories
7113:Rhinorrhea
7055:Rhinovirus
7040:Adenovirus
6882:Hemothorax
6684:Aspiration
6646:Chlamydiae
6636:Mycoplasma
6624:Klebsiella
6482:Bagassosis
6468:Byssinosis
6443:Chalicosis
6418:Asbestosis
6413:Aluminosis
6347:Bronchitis
6218:Tracheitis
6194:epiglottis
6143:Laryngitis
6017:Rhinorrhea
5841:Patient UK
5784:DiseasesDB
5441:2023-05-05
5267:2007-10-28
5241:2023-05-05
5154:2019-11-15
4891:2019-11-15
4186:August 14,
4130:August 14,
4083:August 17,
3998:Niparko JK
3453:2018-06-01
3160:2021-03-27
2520:2023-09-11
2467:Statpearls
2311:2022-12-13
2255:2023-01-21
2180:2022-12-13
2147:2022-12-13
2114:2019-09-17
2006:2018-04-20
1933:2017-10-23
1904:2023-01-09
1869:2022-12-13
1711:References
1565:endoscopic
1530:root canal
1516:symptoms.
1266:Rationale
1260:Treatment
1111:periapical
999:antibiotic
995:infections
993:bacterial
965:periapical
875:transplant
836:and other
709:meningitis
705:cellulitis
686:parenteral
641:meningitis
610:cellulitis
594:meningitis
499:Sphenoidal
418:bad breath
297:antibiotic
187:antibiotic
163:Prevention
7233:Rhinology
7223:Headaches
7176:Sinusitis
7171:Pneumonia
6957:Influenza
6902:Malignant
6665:Parasitic
6614:Bacterial
6589:Pneumonia
6458:Silicosis
6453:Siderosis
6423:Baritosis
6257:Bronchial
6005:Hay fever
5974:Sinusitis
5877:Sinusitis
5869:is being
5846:Sinusitis
5830:eMedicine
5795:SNOMED CT
5431:Medy Blog
5231:Medy Blog
5212:205210682
4949:205210689
4881:205210710
4286:eMedicine
3337:862758150
3306:eMedicine
3287:201117207
3095:2042-6976
3044:903962852
2301:Medy Blog
2242:227165628
2226:2042-6976
2170:Medy Blog
2137:Medy Blog
2101:205210696
1894:Medy Blog
1801:206469424
1662:Prognosis
1433:macrolide
1329:allergies
1250:Treatment
1149:histology
1145:endoscopy
1029:Diagnosis
973:posterior
961:Maxillary
869:(such as
865:or other
833:S. aureus
828:pathogens
825:bacterial
677:S. aureus
672:microbial
590:Abscesses
489:Ethmoidal
461:Maxillary
414:discharge
379:Halitosis
346:toothache
334:lies down
238:allergies
203:Sinusitis
193:Frequency
171:Treatment
109:allergies
105:Infection
80:Specialty
45:Sinusitis
34:Synovitis
7128:Weakness
7118:Sneezing
7088:Headache
7065:Symptoms
6972:COVID-19
6765:BOOP-COP
6732:Broncho-
6675:Chemical
6463:Talcosis
6384:fibrosis
6237:Lower RT
5990:Rhinitis
5937:Upper RT
5862:template
5800:36971009
5683:20176255
5648:20350632
5613:28652944
5542:34202088
5491:23525506
5435:Archived
5409:34575985
5366:25410644
5357:11166467
5317:25437000
5308:11193160
5261:Archived
5235:Archived
5204:27115214
5145:Archived
5141:24664368
5132:11179165
5093:18438594
5044:35987497
5036:17844873
4998:27113367
4941:27115215
4885:Archived
4873:27115217
4824:22585889
4775:24293353
4726:18056902
4690:19154447
4633:Archived
4611:22438350
4567:18362380
4518:22450938
4483:30198548
4431:30199594
4382:29750825
4333:25347280
4267:17636843
4236:30198548
4177:archived
4121:Archived
4074:Archived
3988:Archived
3985:Page 674
3972:30858261
3923:16593182
3915:17761281
3869:23638755
3861:18475076
3826:25830188
3818:15805862
3783:Archived
3744:16730544
3708:46197466
3700:15746854
3665:16326178
3579:15932375
3503:19532095
3447:Archived
3424:19544383
3375:21735433
3279:31430424
3239:26 March
3230:Archived
3228:. 2018.
3154:Archived
3150:28835025
3142:25196643
3103:33583151
2903:33112170
2860:42926700
2817:13223135
2774:32773653
2731:18206715
2637:Archived
2605:14979299
2564:40427174
2556:16213917
2514:Archived
2489:Archived
2475:31613481
2447:24861778
2397:Archived
2379:Archived
2352:21890184
2305:Archived
2274:Archived
2246:Archived
2234:33236525
2174:Archived
2141:Archived
2105:Archived
2093:27113482
2041:Archived
1997:Archived
1993:25892369
1927:Archived
1898:Archived
1863:Archived
1859:MedyBlog
1832:Archived
1793:25833927
1694:See also
1678:Research
1575:such as
1357:gargling
1153:cultures
1100:pulpitis
1068:Subacute
863:diabetes
830:include
657:osteitis
477:headache
471:) area (
406:headache
390:meninges
361:hyposmia
350:migraine
281:naproxen
279:such as
209:, is an
157:Migraine
92:Symptoms
7098:Malaise
7078:Fatigue
7032:Viruses
6284:chronic
6210:trachea
6086:pharynx
5966:sinuses
5778:D012852
5604:5476476
5533:8304202
5482:3603706
5401:3083326
5195:8763342
5084:6619880
4989:8504433
4932:8939045
4864:9393647
4815:3354974
4766:6698484
4681:2670373
4558:2267830
4474:6513448
4422:6513454
4373:6494494
4324:7182143
4227:6513448
3963:6411403
3752:7259509
3630:5606258
3622:9065342
3587:7490538
3557:Allergy
3538:9042022
3494:3914414
3415:2741302
3008:7692375
2973:7742444
2938:8127580
2895:8247570
2852:2000009
2809:1952679
2766:5470225
2280:6 April
2084:8763400
1984:9475221
1838:6 April
1828:cdc.gov
1520:Surgery
1506:placebo
1188:CT scan
1138:viscous
1126:CT scan
1120:Chronic
1074:Chronic
1011:isolate
991:Biofilm
977:exudate
885:Chronic
841:species
713:empyema
668:isotope
614:abscess
505:in the
483:Frontal
454:disease
448:of the
422:anosmia
410:malaise
365:anosmia
273:smoking
219:sinuses
213:of the
69:CT scan
6653:Fungal
6307:Asthma
6120:larynx
6049:tonsil
5881:Curlie
5875:
5866:Curlie
5824:000647
5681:
5646:
5611:
5601:
5581:Cureus
5540:
5530:
5489:
5479:
5407:
5399:
5364:
5354:
5315:
5305:
5210:
5202:
5192:
5139:
5129:
5091:
5081:
5042:
5034:
4996:
4986:
4947:
4939:
4929:
4879:
4871:
4861:
4822:
4812:
4773:
4763:
4724:
4688:
4678:
4639:16 May
4609:
4565:
4555:
4516:
4481:
4471:
4429:
4419:
4380:
4370:
4331:
4321:
4265:
4234:
4224:
4008:
3970:
3960:
3921:
3913:
3867:
3859:
3824:
3816:
3775:
3750:
3742:
3706:
3698:
3663:
3628:
3620:
3585:
3577:
3536:
3501:
3491:
3422:
3412:
3373:
3335:
3325:
3285:
3277:
3190:
3186:–333.
3148:
3140:
3101:
3093:
3042:
3032:
3006:
2971:
2936:
2901:
2893:
2858:
2850:
2815:
2807:
2772:
2764:
2729:
2677:
2603:
2562:
2554:
2473:
2445:
2402:cases.
2350:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2099:
2091:
2081:
2033:
1991:
1981:
1799:
1791:
1500:using
1463:, and
1313:phlegm
1311:Thick
1143:Nasal
1023:mucosa
932:asthma
892:polyps
859:fungal
804:, and
766:, and
738:Causes
691:If an
528:Stage
287:, and
252:, and
246:asthma
229:, and
126:Asthma
101:Causes
7190:Drugs
7156:Croup
7083:Fever
7073:Cough
6788:Other
6737:Lobar
6688:Lipid
6609:Viral
6508:Other
6270:acute
6247:LRTIs
6172:(LPR)
6150:(LPR)
6128:Croup
6108:(LPR)
5942:URTIs
5860:‹The
5789:12136
5405:S2CID
5208:S2CID
5148:(PDF)
5111:(PDF)
5040:S2CID
4945:S2CID
4877:S2CID
4180:(PDF)
4162:(PDF)
4124:(PDF)
4106:(PDF)
4077:(PDF)
4059:(PDF)
3919:S2CID
3865:S2CID
3822:S2CID
3748:S2CID
3704:S2CID
3626:S2CID
3583:S2CID
3518:Chest
3283:S2CID
3233:(PDF)
3222:(PDF)
3146:S2CID
2899:S2CID
2856:S2CID
2813:S2CID
2770:S2CID
2560:S2CID
2249:(PDF)
2238:S2CID
2202:(PDF)
2108:(PDF)
2097:S2CID
2059:(PDF)
2000:(PDF)
1959:(PDF)
1797:S2CID
1684:fungi
1443:like
1439:or a
1412:with
1271:Time
1242:X-ray
1087:Acute
1059:Acute
916:fungi
855:Acute
809:(16%)
802:(36%)
795:(38%)
756:viral
748:Acute
743:Acute
701:orbit
473:e.g.,
469:cheek
426:smell
6967:SARS
6770:NSIP
6515:ARDS
6316:AERD
6291:COPD
6077:Neck
5982:nose
5957:Head
5773:MeSH
5758:9-CM
5729:CA0A
5725:CA01
5679:PMID
5644:PMID
5609:PMID
5556:link
5538:PMID
5487:PMID
5397:PMID
5362:PMID
5340:2014
5313:PMID
5291:2014
5200:PMID
5178:2016
5137:PMID
5089:PMID
5032:PMID
4994:PMID
4972:2016
4937:PMID
4915:2016
4869:PMID
4847:2016
4820:PMID
4771:PMID
4722:PMID
4706:JAMA
4686:PMID
4641:2016
4607:PMID
4563:PMID
4537:CMAJ
4514:PMID
4479:PMID
4457:2018
4427:PMID
4405:2018
4378:PMID
4329:PMID
4307:2014
4263:PMID
4232:PMID
4210:2018
4188:2012
4132:2012
4085:2012
4006:ISBN
3994:in:
3968:PMID
3911:PMID
3857:PMID
3814:PMID
3773:ISBN
3740:PMID
3696:PMID
3661:PMID
3618:PMID
3575:PMID
3534:PMID
3499:PMID
3420:PMID
3371:PMID
3333:OCLC
3323:ISBN
3275:PMID
3241:2019
3188:ISBN
3138:PMID
3099:PMID
3091:ISSN
3040:OCLC
3030:ISBN
3004:PMID
2969:PMID
2934:PMID
2891:PMID
2848:PMID
2805:PMID
2762:PMID
2727:PMID
2675:ISBN
2645:2012
2601:PMID
2552:PMID
2471:PMID
2443:PMID
2348:PMID
2282:2015
2230:PMID
2222:ISSN
2089:PMID
2067:2016
2031:ISBN
1989:PMID
1967:2015
1840:2015
1789:PMID
1485:IDSA
1151:and
1107:CBCT
948:and
928:i.e.
871:AIDS
651:. A
598:coma
552:III
503:felt
465:pain
321:US$
225:, a
6760:DIP
6755:UIP
6747:IIP
5879:at
5767:473
5763:461
5754:ICD
5748:J32
5744:J01
5735:ICD
5716:ICD
5671:doi
5667:125
5636:doi
5632:123
5599:PMC
5589:doi
5565:)."
5528:PMC
5518:doi
5477:PMC
5469:doi
5389:doi
5352:PMC
5344:doi
5303:PMC
5295:doi
5190:PMC
5182:doi
5127:PMC
5119:doi
5079:PMC
5071:doi
5024:doi
4984:PMC
4976:doi
4927:PMC
4919:doi
4859:PMC
4851:doi
4810:PMC
4802:doi
4761:PMC
4753:doi
4714:doi
4710:298
4676:PMC
4668:doi
4629:FDA
4597:doi
4553:PMC
4545:doi
4541:178
4506:doi
4502:172
4469:PMC
4461:doi
4417:PMC
4409:doi
4368:PMC
4360:doi
4319:PMC
4311:doi
4284:at
4255:doi
4222:PMC
4214:doi
3958:PMC
3950:doi
3901:doi
3897:137
3849:doi
3806:doi
3802:115
3732:doi
3728:134
3688:doi
3684:132
3653:doi
3610:doi
3565:doi
3526:doi
3522:111
3489:PMC
3481:doi
3410:PMC
3402:doi
3398:119
3363:doi
3304:at
3267:doi
3184:317
3130:doi
3081:hdl
3071:doi
2996:doi
2961:doi
2926:doi
2922:101
2883:doi
2879:109
2840:doi
2836:101
2797:doi
2793:154
2754:doi
2719:doi
2591:doi
2544:doi
2540:133
2433:doi
2340:doi
2336:128
2214:doi
2079:PMC
2071:doi
1979:PMC
1971:doi
1779:doi
1775:152
1469:FDA
1404:or
967:or
873:or
560:IV
544:II
342:pus
303:or
7214::
6775:RB
5889:.
5873:.›
5844::
5833::
5822::
5798::
5787::
5776::
5765:,
5761::
5746:,
5742::
5739:10
5727:,
5723::
5720:11
5677:.
5665:.
5642:.
5630:.
5607:.
5597:.
5583:.
5579:.
5552:}}
5548:{{
5536:.
5526:.
5512:.
5508:.
5485:.
5475:.
5463:.
5459:.
5433:.
5429:.
5417:^
5403:.
5395:.
5385:94
5383:.
5360:.
5350:.
5338:.
5334:.
5311:.
5301:.
5289:.
5285:.
5259:.
5233:.
5229:.
5206:.
5198:.
5188:.
5176:.
5172:.
5143:.
5135:.
5125:.
5113:.
5087:.
5077:.
5067:17
5065:.
5061:.
5038:.
5030:.
5020:20
5018:.
5006:^
4992:.
4982:.
4970:.
4966:.
4943:.
4935:.
4925:.
4913:.
4909:.
4883:.
4875:.
4867:.
4857:.
4845:.
4841:.
4818:.
4808:.
4798:10
4796:.
4792:.
4769:.
4759:.
4749:12
4747:.
4743:.
4720:.
4708:.
4684:.
4674:.
4664:67
4662:.
4658:.
4627:.
4605:.
4593:54
4591:.
4587:.
4575:^
4561:.
4551:.
4539:.
4535:.
4512:.
4500:.
4477:.
4467:.
4455:.
4451:.
4439:^
4425:.
4415:.
4403:.
4399:.
4376:.
4366:.
4354:.
4350:.
4327:.
4317:.
4305:.
4301:.
4261:.
4230:.
4220:.
4208:.
4204:.
4175:,
4171:,
4164:,
4153:,
4140:^
4119:.
4115:.
4108:.
4101:.
4072:.
4068:.
4061:.
4050:,
4029:^
3966:.
3956:.
3946:17
3944:.
3940:.
3917:.
3909:.
3895:.
3891:.
3877:^
3863:.
3855:.
3845:16
3843:.
3820:.
3812:.
3800:.
3781:.
3746:.
3738:.
3726:.
3702:.
3694:.
3682:.
3659:.
3649:38
3647:.
3624:.
3616:.
3606:11
3604:.
3581:.
3573:.
3561:60
3559:.
3555:.
3532:.
3520:.
3497:.
3487:.
3475:.
3471:.
3445:.
3441:.
3418:.
3408:.
3396:.
3392:.
3369:.
3345:^
3331:.
3281:.
3273:.
3261:.
3249:^
3224:.
3202:^
3152:.
3144:.
3136:.
3124:.
3120:.
3097:.
3089:.
3079:.
3067:11
3065:.
3061:.
3038:.
3016:^
3002:.
2992:26
2990:.
2967:.
2957:20
2955:.
2932:.
2920:.
2897:.
2889:.
2877:.
2854:.
2846:.
2834:.
2811:.
2803:.
2791:.
2768:.
2760:.
2750:80
2748:.
2725:.
2715:35
2713:.
2689:^
2673:.
2671:27
2653:^
2635:.
2631:.
2627:.
2613:^
2599:.
2587:24
2585:.
2581:.
2558:.
2550:.
2538:.
2512:.
2508:.
2469:.
2455:^
2441:.
2429:59
2427:.
2423:.
2409:^
2373:.
2360:^
2346:.
2334:.
2320:^
2303:.
2299:.
2244:.
2236:.
2228:.
2220:.
2210:11
2208:.
2204:.
2189:^
2172:.
2168:.
2156:^
2139:.
2135:.
2123:^
2103:.
2095:.
2087:.
2077:.
2065:.
2061:.
2039:.
2015:^
1995:.
1987:.
1977:.
1965:.
1961:.
1942:^
1925:.
1921:.
1896:.
1892:.
1878:^
1861:.
1857:.
1826:.
1809:^
1795:.
1787:.
1773:.
1769:.
1719:^
1548:,
1544:,
1479:.
1459:,
1367:.
934:.
881:.
843:,
797:,
782:,
778:,
774:,
731:.
715:,
664:CT
592:,
588:.
568:V
536:I
428:.
363:,
356:.
283:,
275:.
264:.
248:,
233:.
185:,
181:,
177:,
132:,
128:,
111:,
67:A
7016:e
7009:t
7002:v
6866:/
6837:/
6686:/
6677:/
6591:/
6532:/
6386:)
6382:(
6376:/
6309:(
6303:)
6259:/
6249:)
6239:/
5949:)
5944:,
5921:e
5914:t
5907:v
5756:-
5737:-
5718:-
5708:D
5685:.
5673::
5650:.
5638::
5615:.
5591::
5585:9
5558:)
5544:.
5520::
5514:9
5493:.
5471::
5465:1
5444:.
5411:.
5391::
5368:.
5346::
5319:.
5297::
5270:.
5244:.
5214:.
5184::
5157:.
5121::
5095:.
5073::
5046:.
5026::
5000:.
4978::
4951:.
4921::
4894:.
4853::
4826:.
4804::
4777:.
4755::
4728:.
4716::
4692:.
4670::
4643:.
4613:.
4599::
4569:.
4547::
4520:.
4508::
4485:.
4463::
4433:.
4411::
4384:.
4362::
4356:5
4335:.
4313::
4269:.
4257::
4238:.
4216::
4134:.
4087:.
4014:.
3974:.
3952::
3925:.
3903::
3871:.
3851::
3828:.
3808::
3754:.
3734::
3710:.
3690::
3667:.
3655::
3632:.
3612::
3589:.
3567::
3540:.
3528::
3505:.
3483::
3477:9
3456:.
3426:.
3404::
3377:.
3365::
3339:.
3289:.
3269::
3263:9
3243:.
3196:.
3163:.
3132::
3126:4
3105:.
3083::
3073::
3046:.
3010:.
2998::
2975:.
2963::
2940:.
2928::
2905:.
2885::
2862:.
2842::
2819:.
2799::
2776:.
2756::
2733:.
2721::
2683:.
2647:.
2607:.
2593::
2566:.
2546::
2523:.
2495:.
2477:.
2449:.
2435::
2354:.
2342::
2314:.
2284:.
2258:.
2216::
2183:.
2150:.
2117:.
2073::
2009:.
1973::
1936:.
1907:.
1872:.
1842:.
1803:.
1781::
1631:.
926:(
723:(
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
