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contemplative life and became a
Carthusian in 1160, while visiting the Grande Chartreuse. In 1175, he was invited by King Henry II to found the first English Charterhouse of the Order at Witham, in Somerset. This foundation was part of the King's penances for the murder of St. Thomas Becket. Hugh then became bishop of Lincoln in 1181 at the command of the King, accepting the office only after he was duly and freely elected. Renowned for his goodness and deep learning, Hugh disagreed with Henry and King Richard the Lionhearted on many occasions, but he never lost their respect nor ceased attempting to wield his saintly influence for the good of the Church and the English people. He was also a fervent defender of the English Jews, protecting them from armed mobs. At his funeral, his bier was carried by notables, including the kings of England and Scotland. Hugh died in Lincoln on 16 November, after a journey to France, and his tomb was a popular pilgrim site until its despoilment at the command of King Henry VIII in the sixteenth century
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including Robert of
Jumieges, whom Edward had brought with him when he returned to England and whom he named Archbishop of Canterbury in 1051. In the same year, Edward banished Godwin, who took refuge in Flanders but returned the following year with a fleet ready to lead a rebellion. Armed revolt was avoided when the two men met and settled their differences; among them was who would be the Archbishop of Canterbury, which was resolved when Edward replaced Robert with Stigand, and Robert returned to Normandy. Edward's difficulties continued after Godwin's death in 1053 with Godwin's two sons: Harold who had his eye on the throne since Edward was childless, and Tostig, Earl of Northumbria. Tostig was driven from Northumbria by a revolt in 1065 and banished to Europe by Edward, who named Harold his successor. After this Edward became more interested in religious affairs and built St. Peter's Abbey at Westminster, the site of the present Abbey, where he is buried
1757:"Boniface returned to Upper Hessia and repaired the losses which occurred during his absence, many having drifted back into paganism; he also administered everywhere the Sacrament of Confirmation. He continued his work in Lower Hessia. To show the heathens how utterly powerless were the gods in whom they placed their confidence, Boniface felled the oak sacred to the thunder-god Thor, at Geismar, near Fritzlar. He had a chapel built out of the wood and dedicated it to the prince of the Apostles. The heathens were astonished that no thunderbolt from the hand of Thor destroyed the offender, and many were converted. The fall of this oak marked the fall of heathenism" extract from
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Jerusalem, with the ardent desire of discovering the cross on which our
Blessed Redeemer had suffered. Three crosses were found on Mount Calvary, together with the names and the inscription recorded by the Evangelists. The miraculous discovery and verification of the true Cross is still celebrated by the Church on 3 May. She also built a beautiful Basilica on Mount Calvary to receive these precious relics, sending portions of it also to Rome and Constantinople. She built two other famous churches in Palestine to honour the sacred sites of Our Lord's life, one at the site of His Ascension, and the other, known as the Basilica of the Nativity, in Bethlehem.
1739:"There is a belated pane, formed by the stonework of a doorway, in one of the windows in the Lady Chapel of Gloucester Cathedral that expresses this idea (the thought of the unknown artists and craftsmen whose labour remains behind them). The demi-figure of a monk is displayed in the habit of a rough craftsman, chiselling at a stone representation of an Angel’s wing. The wing stretches out, grey and beautiful, across the lower field of the picture. The Monk is busy, so busy that one almost hears him singing at his work, but his face is hidden. He sees his work only. In doing so he is a type of the many unknown artists whose finished work delights us"
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868:. See note. Next we see Edmund and Abbot Samson uncovering the body of St Edmund- For a full description Whall refers us to Carlyle's "Past & Present". Chapter XV1 ."St Edmund". Whall also comments that the altar lights on this subject form a good example of the use of "yellow stain" and points us to pages 70 and 129 of his book. We then see Boniface cutting down the heathen oak of Friesland and disturbing the "Purple Emperor" butterflies, which inhabit the oak tree. and finally "The choice of Eadburg" . Whall depicts her turning away from the jewels & Toga and choosing the Chalice and Missal.
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Lindisfarne with the motto "Simile est grano sinapis" / "It is like a grain of mustard seed", thus reminding us that Aidan was to help sow " the seed of
Northern Christianity" (mustard was grown on Lindisfarne). For Hilda, Whall depicts St Aidan visiting St. Hilda's school and for Cuthbert we have the motto "Et factus in arborem magnam" /"It becomes a great tree (Gloucester Cathedral)". Finally Whall depicts Chad placing his Bishopric at the disposal of Theodore. The window is in memory of John Dearman Birchall (1828–1897) of Bowden Hall near Gloucester and was given by his son.
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story is told that at the age of only three she was offered the choice of a small chalice and paten or gold and jewelry. The little girl eagerly took up the chalice and paten and this convinced her father of her ultimate vocation. She was soon placed under the guidance of Abbess
Ethelthritha of the Nunnaminster Monastery in Winchester, whose community received endowments and gifts from the grateful king. St. Edburga became revered for her holiness even within her own lifetime. She was loved by all her contemporaries for her gentleness and humility.
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only
Archangels mentioned by name in the Bible. In Hebrew Raphael's name means "God is my Health". This identity came about because of the biblical story which claims that he "healed" the earth when it was defiled by the sins of the fallen angels in the apocryphal book of Enoch. He is also the patron of the blind, of happy meetings, of nurses, of physicians and of travellers. It is Raphael who is traditionally identified as the angel who stirred the healing waters when Jesus healed a paralytic as described in Matthew 9:1-8.
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1657:(Revelation 1:20). They have been named Jophiel (or Zophiel), reputed to have been the angel who guarded Eden after Adam and Eve were driven out, and so shown with a flaming sword; Chamael (or Chemuel), who carries a staff and cup since he was meant to have strengthened Jesus during the Agony in the Garden (he is also meant to have wrestled with Jacob); and finally, Zadkiel, who was meant to have appeared to Abraham to stop him sacrificing his son Isaac. He appears with Abraham’s sacrificial knife".
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he recovered) and finally we see St
Bridget's " Double Community" (Monks & Nuns). In Whall's notes he implies that the inscription ("Write quickly"- He died as the last verse was written) would be added to the St Bede panel but it is not there or has perhaps faded with the passage of time. One should also note that the vignette of St Bridget's "Double Community" is not seen in full owing to the shape of the window at the bottom right hand side. There is no vignette linked to David.
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time he found God and subsequently escaped and managed to get back to
Scotland. It was then that legend has it that he had a dream in which the people of Ireland were calling out to him "We beg you, holy youth, to come and walk among us once more." He began his studies for the priesthood and was ordained by St. Germanus, the Bishop of Auxerre and was sent to take the Gospel to Ireland. Patrick began preaching the Gospel throughout Ireland and did so for many years and until his death
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came to him he recognised Him as the
Messiah and baptized Him, saying, "It is I who need baptism from You". Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Perea and Galilee, who feared John's influence, had him arrested and imprisoned at Machaerus Fortress on the Dead Sea and when John denounced Herod's marriage with Herodias, wife of his half brother Philip, he was beheaded at the request of Salome, daughter of Herodias. Catherine was persecuted by Maximinus who ordered that she be
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he became the Prior and then Prior of
Lindisfarne when St Colman and others returned to Ireland after a row over liturgical matters. At Lindisfarne he was said to have attracted huge crowds when preaching. He then asked for permission to live as a hermit until against his will he was elected bishop of Hexham in 685, but arranged with St. Eata to swap Sees, and returned to Lindisfarne where he lived as bishop for the remaining two years of his life.
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for his disbelief. (Luke 1:11-20) and in the Old Testament it was Gabriel who appeared to the Prophet Daniel to explain the meaning of his visions as in Daniel 8:15. He is also designated as the angel who will blow the horn of the Last Judgement which is why a trumpet is often a Gabriel attribute. With his role as a messenger in mind it is of no surprise that he should be the patron saint of post office and telephone workers.
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spread of Christianity in Northumbria. He was given a strongly positive assessment by the historian Bede, writing a little less than a century after Oswald's death, who regarded Oswald as a saintly king; it is also Bede who is the main source for present-day historical knowledge of Oswald. After eight years of rule, in which he was the most powerful ruler in Britain. Oswald was killed in the Battle of Maserfield
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Procop, the Governor's son. He then tried all ways to persuade her to accept his proposal and eventually she was condemned to death. On the day of execution many begged her to save herself. She refused with the words "I would offend my Spouse, if I were to try to please you. He chose me first and He shall have me!" Then she prayed and bowed her head for the death-stroke of the sword.
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clothed and kneel as though in contrition and look across at an angel who holds out a chalice in her left hand whilst in her right hand she holds a wheatsheaf. "Man has been restored through the sacrifice of Christ and the Sacrament of the Gospel" is the message and in the centre of his composition Whall depicts wheat stalks and vine leaves (the bread and wine of the Eucharist).
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Chapter House was the building in which the Domesday Book was compiled and points out that the lower centre lights of the window represent William the Conqueror directing the compilation of the Book. He asks us to notice the map hanging over the edge of the table and says that with the help of opera glasses the ancient names of the towns may be read.
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died. As a consequence he was sent into exile and left Ireland and landed on the island of Iona off the coast of Scotland. There he built what was to become a world-famous monastery and helped by the saints Canice and Comgall he spread the gospel to the Picts. He died on Iona. Columba is also known as Colm, Colum and Columcille.
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and for this he was tortured and finally beheaded Lawrence suffered from Valerian's persecution of Christians especially when Valerian ordered that all bishops, priests and deacons should be put to death. Lawrence was a deacon and a victim of Valerian's purge. According to most scholars Lawrence was burned to death on a gridiron
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had her put into a brothel, then moved back to a prison and then tortured. It seems that people prayed to her during the eruption of Mount Etna and she is thus considered a protector against the outbreak of fire. She is also considered the patroness of Bellmakers perhaps because bells were used as fire alarms
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Exhibition catalogue by Peter Cormack,"Christopher Whall 1849-1924: Arts & Crafts Stained Glass Worker" an exhibition organised by the William Morris Gallery. London Borough of Waltham Forest. 17th November 1979-3rd February 1980. This exhibition included many of Whall's designs for stained glass
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In the descriptive notes it says that Michael "subdues the enemy by appeal to God"; "The Lord rebuke thee". Jude ix. Joshua is shown standing at the salute and acknowledges the "Captain of the Lord’s Host"; "What saith my Lord unto his servant"- Joshua v.14. The Centurian Longinus is described as "A
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Oswald was the King of Northumbria . He was the son of Æthelfrith of Bernicia and came to rule after spending a period in exile. After defeating the British ruler Cadwallon ap Cadfan, Oswald brought the two Northumbrian kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira once again under a single ruler, and promoted the
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Swithun was born in Wessex, England and was educated at the old monastery in Winchester, where he was ordained. He became chaplain to King Egbert of the West Saxons, who appointed him tutor of his son, Ethelwulf, and was one of the King's counselors. Swithun was named bishop of Winchester in 852 when
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Etheldreda was a Benedictine abbess. She was married to Tonbert, prince of the Gryvii tribe, but he allowed her to remain a virgin. When he died after three years, she entered religious life under St. Ebba at Coldingham, England, and then became abbess of the monastery in Ely. Married once more, this
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George was a soldier in the army of the Roman Emperor Diocletian, and he was one of the Emperor's favourite soldiers. Diocletian was a pagan and had put to death every Christian he could find. George was in fact a Christian and took Diocletian to task for his cruelty. He resigned from the Roman army
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These depict St Patrick being taught by St Germanus, Bede dictating the last lines of his translation of the Bible, the showing of the true cross to a dying man ( when the three Crosses were discovered buried on Mount Calvery they were tried on a dying man and when the "True Cross" was shown to him
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These depict events which are associated with each of these five saints. For St Columba, Whall chose to depict Columba with a stork, reminding us that Columba had to suffer exile from Ireland and would have missed his homeland and for St Aidan, he depicts the shield of the first Church of Wattles on
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Hilda was a Benedictine abbess, the daughter of a Northumbrian king. She spent some time at Chelles Monastery in France but was asked by St Aidan to return to Northumbria. She did so and became the abbess of Hartlepool. Later she became the head of the double monastery of Streaneschalch, at Whitby.
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Underneath the window are a series of tablets on which the names of the deceased are recorded. They are of hammered and chased copper, subsequently oxidised with a view to toning the metal, in order to get as far as possible a subdued effect and so to harmonise with the solemn dignity of the Chapter
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Whall explains that lights 1 and 2 depict "Thrones", light 3 depicts "Gloria in Excelsis" and lights 4 and 5 also depict "Thrones". The "Thrones" in the scheme of Angels are "Counsellers" of the Deity and either bear scales of judgement or thrones of dominion. In Whall's five lights the scales are
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Aidan was also born in Ireland before becoming a monk at Iona. At the request of King Oswald of Northumbria, Aidan went to Lindisfarne as bishop. He founded a monastery at Lindisfarne that became known as the English Iona and was a centre for missionary activity for all of northern England. He died
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Lucy's name means "light". Legend tells us that Lucy was a Christian martyr during the Diocletian persecution. As with Agnes, Lucy was determined to devote herself to Christ and refused when her mother proposed her marriage to a pagan. In anger the spurned suitor denounced her as a Christian to the
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Normally understood to refer to the time when Mary visited Elizabeth. Luke 1.41-45. "And when Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby stirred in her womb. Then Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit and cried aloud, "God’s blessing is on you above all women, and his blessing is on the fruit of
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Sixth window by Heaton, Butler and Bayne. 1899. Had the sixth window been elsewhere in the Cathedral it would one suspects have been treated as a typical Victorian window, the sort that Pevsner may have described as "over-sentimental". Below are some of the angels at the base of the window as well
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In the panels at the bottom of this window Whall depicts the Ash Tree of St Etheldreda, then we see St Swithun consecrating a bridge at Winchester which he had had built. Whall then depicts Edward being shown the treasury of the "Danegelt" the result of grinding taxation. He sees the Devil seated
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Patrick, although born near Dumbarton was to become the patron saint of Ireland. His parents were Calpurnius and Conchessa who were Roman administrators living in Britain. When a young boy, he was captured by a raiding party and taken to Ireland as a slave and put to work tending sheep. During this
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Cuthbert is also thought to be Irish though some regard him as a Scot. Orphaned when a young child, he was a shepherd for a time, is thought to have possibly fought against the Mercians and became a monk at Melrose Abbey. A period was spent at Ripon Abbey but Cuthbert then returned to Melrose where
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According to legend Agatha was another who dedicated her life to God and resisted any men who wanted to marry her or have sex with her. One of these men was Quintian who thought he could use his high position to force her to succumb to him. He had her arrested and when his further efforts failed he
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According to "How to read a Church"- "There are nine "choirs" of angels, separated into three orders. The first and highest order is known as the Counsellors, and is made up of three choirs called Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones. The second order is the Governors (or Rulers), and its choirs are the
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The notes remind us that St Louis was "King of France-Crusader. A.D.1270" and represents "Valour under Defeat". Whall explains that his painting of St Louis was adapted from the portrait by Giotti in Florence. David is described as "King of Israel" and representing "Valour against Odds". Richard-
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The window comprises 18 lights with seven tracery lights above. It is divided into three groups of six lights each, each group having an upper tier of three and a lower tier of three. Whall explains that he intends the window to depict the "Spirit of the Lord" (Isaiah xi, 2), divided into the two
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This window was given in memory of Charles James Monk (1824–1900) by his daughters. In the bottom right-hand corner of the window are Monk's Arms and the motto "Fortifier, Fideliter. Feliciter". Monk was an M.P.for Gloucester, Chancellor of Bristol diocese from 1855 and of Gloucester diocese from
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In the central light Christ is shown enthroned amidst the seven candle-sticks. The Blessed Virgin Mary is shown in the light to His left and the Magdalen in the light to His right. Adam and Eve are in the outside light clothed in heavenly raiment, but with an inner garment of skins, and the outer
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In the following row Whall depicts Eadburg who holds a chalice in her hands. He would in fact be referring to St Edburga, who was the daughter of King Edward the Elder by his third marriage to Lady Edith of Kent. She was the full younger sister of both Kings Edmund the Magnificent and Edred. The
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Gabriel's name in Hebrew means "God is my Strength". His main role in the Bible is that of an announcer or messenger. It is Gabriel who appears to Mary in the Annunciation. He also appeared to Zachary in the temple to announce the coming of Zachary's son, John the Baptist and struck Zachary mute
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Whall describes Raphael as "the guide of pilgrims and travellers. Material and spiritual". St. Raphael is one of the seven Archangels who stand before the throne of the Lord. Whall depicts him with lantern and staff. He is the leader of the Powers and besides Raphael, Michael and Gabriel are the
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In his windows Whall depicts St Michael, St Gabriel, St Raphael and St Uriel. In "How to read a Church", the other three Archangels are described thus "Jophiel, Chamael and Zadkiel. Christian art sometimes portrays three more archangels, since seven angels were recorded in the Book of Revelation
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St Alban was the first martyr of England. It is written that during the persecution of Christians, Alban, though a pagan, hid a priest. This priest made a great impression on Alban and he converted to Christianity. Soldiers were sent to take the priest prisoner but Alban passed himself off as the
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Bridget had arrived in Ireland a few years after St. Patrick. As she grew up she became exceedingly pious and when her parents' thoughts turned to marriage she would not think of marrying anyone in view of her dedication to God. She learned that her beauty was the reason for the attentions of so
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Bede spent his whole life in a monastery devoting himself to the study of scripture and to teaching and writing. He is considered one of the most learned men of his time and a major influence on English literature. His best-known work is HISTORIA ECCLESIASTICA, a history of the English Church and
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John the Baptist was the son of Zachary and Elizabeth, a relative of the Virgin Mary. He had lived as a hermit for several years and when he was about thirty he began preaching on the banks of the Jordan calling men to penance and baptism "for the Kingdom of Heaven is close at hand". When Christ
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St. Agnes was only thirteen years old when she suffered martyrdom for her Faith. She had made a vow of chastity and was a beauty whose hand in marriage was vied for by many. To such suitors she would say, "Jesus Christ is my only Spouse." The story was that she refused the marriage proposal of
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Notice the little stained glass windows in the lower lights, a window within a window. Also note in bottom right hand corner by the dedication a small jug, a compass and carpenter's square with the initials P G-D, K T. R and S, these being of students and workmen who helped with the painting and
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Chad was an Irish archbishop and brother of St. Cedd, also called Ceadda. He was trained by St. Aidan in Lindisfarne and in England. Made the archbishop of York by King Oswy, Chad was disciplined by Theodore, the newly arrived archbishop of Canterbury in 669. Chad accepted Theodore's charges of
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Columba was probably born in Donegal in Ireland. He studied under St Finnian. Ordained before he was twenty-five, he spent the next fifteen years preaching and setting up foundations at Derry, Durrow, and Kells. A possible family feud got out of hand and in the resultant battle some 3000 people
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Memorial window to Christopher Whall by Veronica Whall. It would seem fitting to conclude the article with this window which is in the wall opposite the fifth window in the Chancel and was by Veronica Whall. It is dedicated to the memory of her father. See image above shown courtesy Rex Harris.
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Another of Whall's works in Gloucester Cathedral is the magnificent South African War Memorial window, the Great East Window in the Chapter House. Concerning this window, Whall points out that there is a full description available on a notice board just by the window and he reminds us that the
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Hugh was a Carthusian bishop and missionary to England. Born in Avalon Castle in Burgundy, France, the son of William, Lord of Burgundy. Hugh was raised by monks at Villard Benoit after his mother died when he was eight. While groomed to enter the Augustinian Canons, he was instead drawn to the
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The Restoration in the Sacrament of the Eucharist. Window in the Ante-Chapel South. 1902. This three-light window links to the "Man's Fallen State" window opposite and through the death and resurrection of Christ we have gone full circle and man and God are now reconciled. Now Adam and Eve are
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Frideswide was a Benedictine hermitess and nun, the daughter of Prince Didan of the Upper Thames region of England. She is sometimes called Fredeswinda. When Prince Aelfgar of a neighbouring kingdom asked for her hand in marriage, Frideswide fled to Thomwry Wood in Birnsey, where she became a
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Edward or Edward the Confessor's reign as King of England was a peaceful one characterized by his good rule and remission of unfair taxes but it also saw the struggle, partly caused by his natural inclination to favor the Normans, between Godwin and his Saxon supporters and the Norman barons,
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Helen was a British princess who married a Roman General, Constantius Chlorus, and became the mother of Constantine the Great. In her embracing of Christianity she much influenced Constantine who was to become the first Christian emperor. In her eightieth year she made a famous pilgrimage to
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many young men so she prayed fervently to God to take her good looks from her. God granted her wish and seeing that his daughter was no longer pretty, her father agreed when she asked to become a Nun and it was when she was consecrated that a miracle happened and her good looks returned.
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As one looks at the child on St Christopher's shoulders it is tempting to think that in drawing that child Veronica may have had herself in mind or perhaps thought of all the other aspiring artists who Whall had helped (carried) in their early years. The window was completed in 1926.
47:"Christopher Whall's windows in Gloucester Lady Chapel are arguably the finest post-medieval stained glass in any of our cathedrals, and, with the possible exception of the unexecuted Christchurch Priory designs, his finest large scale work", William Morris Gallery catalogue
818:"In the first row of five lights we see a sword only, then a sceptre and sword equal, next the Angel of the Resurrection, then the sceptre predominant. Next we see the sceptre only as laid down at the breaking of the final morning and the new Heaven and Earth. "
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is traditionally the leader of the Seraphim, and the angel who was guarding the sepulchre of Jesus after the Resurrection. In the First Book of Enoch it was Uriel who provided astrological data to Enoch and also appeared to Noah to warn him of the coming floods
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This small South Chantry is reserved by the Cathedral for the remembrance of musicians associated with the Cathedral. There are two windows by Christopher Whall and a charming set of windows by Veronica in memory of Sir Herbert Brewer. Images are shown below.
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Shields include- 1. Edward the Confessor. 2. The Gloucestershire Regiment. 3. William the Conqueror. 4. Dean and Chapter and Diocese. 5. Henry VIII. 6. City of Gloucester. 7. Richard I. 8. The Gloucestershire Yeomanry. 9. Dean of Gloucester-Dr Spence-Jones.
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Moses is described as "The great leader-only erring when transgressing Discipline"- Numbers xxi.12. King Alfred we are told "recovered the larger part of England from the Danish invaders", whereas Gideon represents "The triumph of Discipline over Numbers".
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Vincent suffered martyrdom under Diocletian. Born in Saragossa. Studied under Valerius, the Bishop of Saragossa. By order of the Governor Dacian, he and Valerius were arrested. Valerius was banished but Vincent suffered dreadful tortures and died in prison.
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Presumably Whall is referring to Revelation 11:15- " The seventh angel sounded his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, which said:"The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Messiah, and he will reign for ever and
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St. David was the son of King Sant of South Wales and St. Non. He was ordained a priest and later studied under St. Paulinus. He was much involved in missionary work and founded a number of monasteries. He is revered as the patron saint of Wales.
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The notes describes St Alban as "The Martyr-and the first in England to be faithful unto death" and St Edmund "King of the East Angles and Martyr, A.D.870- Slain by the Danes (One of the Patrons of English Valour all through the Middle Ages)"
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priest and it was he who was taken to prison. When his subterfuge was discovered, the judge who had ordered the arrest was furious and in spite of extreme pressure on Alban to deny his new religion he refused and was ultimately beheaded.
69:"Man's Fallen State"- The Fall and Deprivation of Paradise. Window in the Ante-Chapel North. 1898. This was the first window to be completed and at the top of the window are fragments of old glass found during restoration work in 1895.
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Whall depicts Osric, the King of Northumbria. A.D.729 (founder of the Abbey as an act of penance) with the Saints Peter and Paul on either side. The three lights are drawn together by the drawing of the Abbey Church across all three.
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governor of Syracuse, Sicily. She was imprisoned and her prison guards we are told were unable to move her or burn her and they ultimately took out her eyes with a fork before she was executed. Lucy is the patron saint of the blind
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your womb. Who am I, that the mother of my Lord should visit me? I tell you, when your greeting sounded in my ears, the baby in my womb leapt for joy. How happy is she who has had faith that the Lord’s promise would be fulfilled!"
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gradually supersed by thrones. Firstly we have scales only, then scales and a throne are equal, then the Throne is predominant, then we have the Throne only and in the fifth light "The kingdoms of this world are become" etc.
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impropriety with such humility and grace that Theodore regularized his consecration and appointed him the bishop of Mercia. He established a see at Lichfield. In liturgical art he is depicted as a bishop, holding a church.
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In this window Whall takes his inspiration from the Creation Story from the Old Testament (Genesis iii) and in the centre light he draws the serpent wound around the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden. The inscription
77:. In the left hand light Whall depicts Eve with a child beside her and in the right hand light an angel in red bars the entrance to the garden. An image of this window is shown above. The memorial note was designed by
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The window was given by Baron de Ferrieres of Cheltenham. The inscription reads "Erected to the glory of God for the beautifying of His House in heartfelt gratitude for 75 years of continued and undeserved mercies".
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but when she touched it the wheel was destroyed. She was then beheaded. It was because of Catherine's reputation for learning that she is the patron saint of librarians, teachers and archivists.
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The final saint is Winifred and in his depiction of her Whall includes the line of severance on her neck where she was beheaded and at the base water springing up on the site of her martyrdom.
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on the gold and remits the tax. Next we have the death of Oswald in battle "O God Save their Souls" says the motto and finally we have Frideswide fleeing her lover and hiding in a pigsty.
1231:"TO THE GLORY OF GOD & IN MEMORY OF THE OFFICERS, NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS & MEN OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE & THE COUNTY REGIMENT WHO FELL IN THE WAR IN SOUTH AFRICA,a.d. 1899-1902".
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time to a local king, she nevertheless remained a virgin and soon returned to the religious life. She is depicted in liturgical art as an abbess, with a crozier, book, rod, or lily
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National Art Library General Collection 89.J Box III and 86.W Box I Special -320053 contain Whall's notes on the Gloucester Cathedral work. Also those of his daughter
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It is said that on her journey to Ely, she rested at Stow, and planted her staff in the ground, whereupon it grew into an Ash Tree under which she was able to shelter.
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Coeli enarrant gloriam Dei et opera manuum eius adnuntiat firmamentum-The heavens shew forth the glory of God, and the firmament declareth the work of his hands." See
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Whall depicts the "Salutation" with accompanying saints and martyrs. Vincent and Alban are on the left hand side and George and Lawrence are on the right hand side.
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In his notes and the reference to Boniface, Whall refers us to his book on stained glass in particular Plate XI and pages 224-5 and the subject of "Staining" .
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Whall points out that the Cathedral (Gloucester) is dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul and that St Andrew has with him a "lad" carrying loaves and fishes.
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Window was donated in memory of Archdeacon John William Sheringham. When Archdeacon he had raised a large amount of money for the Cathedral's restoration.
309:
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173:
Agnes, Lucy, Faith and Agatha. All representing the "Virgin Martyrs" with a depiction of the Childhood of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the centre light.
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A reading of Whall’s autobiographical notes covering his childhood, held at the National Art Library will show his knowledge of and love of butterflies
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Dominions, Powers and Virtues. The third order, the Messengers, embraces Principalities, Archangels, and at the bottom of the pile. the Angels.
183:
Faith was another victim of Diocletian persecution of the Christians and she was tortured to death for her Christianity on a red-hot brazier.
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Window 1. This being the first large window on the North Nave side of the Lady Chapel. "The Childhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary". 1901
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Window 5.This being the large window on the North side of the Chancel. "The Reconciliation of Man to God through the Incarnation".1909
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Whall paints the angel with Purple wings combining the colours of the Choir of Seraphim below (red) and that of the Cherubim (blue)
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The Choir of Virgins (not Angels or one of the Angelic Choirs, but those who share with them in Heaven as in Revelations Chapter 5)"
1423:
as the dedication. Whall has already told us that the faces of the angels were based on the faces of the people being remembered.
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Whall depicts the saints Eadburg, Hugh, Edmund, Boniface and Winifred (For some reason Whall has excluded Winifred from his notes)
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2407:"How to Read a Church". A Guide to Images, Symbols and Meanings in Churches and Cathedrals by Richard Taylor. ISBN I 844I 3053 3
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1859. His father James Henry Monk was Bishop of Gloucester 1830-1836 and of Gloucester and Bristol until his death in 1856.
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Whall depicts one of St Hugh's Monks carving the Angel Choir at Lincoln and gives us an extract from Bishop Frodsham's Book
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hermitess. She subsequently founded the St. Mary's Convent in Oxford and is patroness of the university of that city.
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Whall depicts Mary Magdalen in the first light and in lights 2, 3 and 4 the Nativity with Stephen in the final light.
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and inserted into the window in 1928 recording that the window was given in memory of Henry Bruton, J.P.(1813–1894).
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Swithun’s best known miracle was his restoration of a bridge on a basket of eggs that workmen had maliciously broken
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When she was fleeing Aelfgar who had tried to consummate their marriage she was said to have hidden in a pig-sty.
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The Childhood of the Blessed Virgin Mary- Mary is shown with her mother who appears to be teaching her to read.
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Whall depicts The Baptist, the Annunciation in lights 2, 3 and 4 and Catherine in the fifth and final light
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A note in the glass points out that this is one of four windows inserted 1900–02 when Dr. Spence was dean.
641:"Power, then Music, the Angel of creation bearing a scroll "Coeli enarrant" etc. Next come Earth and Fire."
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Whall depicts the Annunciation, The Visitation, the Nativity, the Presentation and Finding in the Temple.
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Whall's depiction of the Nativity here is very similar to his composition in Holy Trinity, Sloane Square.
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people, which he completed in 731. He was called "the Venerable" to acknowledge his wisdom and learning.
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2420:"Stained Glass Work", published in London by John Hogg in 1905.This is now available to read "online "
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2124:"HOW TO READ A CHURCH" A Guide to Images, Symbols and Meanings in Churches and by Richard Taylor.
2373:
Excellent and informative website. Much used in writing about the lives of saints in this article.
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806:. Michael is sometimes portrayed holding scales to weigh souls in images of the Last Judgement.
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Whall now depicts a further group of saints, Patrick, Bede, Helen, Bridget and David of Wales.
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Here we see William the Conqueror giving directions for the great Domesday Survey of England.
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The window in memory of Sir John Dorington- angels in lower lights designed by Veronica Whall
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Edward and the "Danegelt" a tax he was to abolish. Satan sits gloating over a hoard of coins.
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Window 2. This being the second large window on the North Nave side. "The Annunciation" 1901
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Saints from the Midlands and the South, Etheldreda, Swithun, Edward, Oswald and Frideswide.
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980:" the Angels of Love taking precedence over those of Wisdom and being on the Gospel side "
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Window 3. This being the first large window on the South Nave side. "The Salutation". 1902
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1827:. First published by Canon David Welander and the Priests of Gloucester Cathedral in 1985.
814:"Swords and Sceptres". The Choir of Dominations.The gradual passing of violence into war.
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255:
Two tiers of Window I. The five "Northern Saints" and below events associated with them
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Window 4. This is the second large window on the south nave side. "The Nativity". 1909
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This window was given by William Long J.P.of Gloucester in memory of his wife Anne.
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2008:
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The three lower lights on the South side (on the right as one faces the window.)
1186:
The three upper lights on the South side (on the right as one faces the window).
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75:"I will put enmity between thee and the woman and between thy seed and her seed"
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497:
Whall paints five little vignettes in the final row at the base of the window
279:
Angel of the Narrow way. She shows a path out through the thorns of the world.
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155:"Angel of the Narrow Way, showing a path out through the thorns of the world"
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2325:"St. Edburga of Winchester | Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese"
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First tier of five lights and positioned below the Angel with purple wings.
2394:"Gloucester Cathedral Stained Glass". Available from Gloucester Cathedral.
1244:
One of the tablets showing the names of those who had lain down their lives
89:
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2404:"Gloucester Cathedral" Text by Lowinger Maddison and edited by Esme West.
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The three upper lights on the North side (left as one faces the window).
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The three lower lights on the North side (left as one faces the window)
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The Salutation with two martyrs, St George and St Lawrence to the right
2410:"Stained Glass of Gloucester Cathedral" by: Rev Canon David Welander.
898:
A monk carving for the Angel Choir at Lincoln. A reference to St Hugh.
170:
Second Tier of five lights and positioned below the Choir of Virgins.
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88:
60:
23:
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Michael is the leader of the Archangels, and his name in Hebrew
584:
St Bede shown dictating his translation of the Bible to a scribe
196:
The "Northern Saints". Columba, Aidan, Hilda, Cuthbert and Chad
2624:
2427:
2378:
Cathedral’s own website with good information on stained glass.
1227:
In the notice on the wall by the window are the closing words-
1189:"Valour"- St George in the centre with St Alban and St Edmund.
757:
St Oswald shown having been killed in the Battle of Maserfield.
1819:"The Stained Glass of Gloucester Cathedral" by David Welander.
65:
The three-light window "The Fall and Deprivation of Paradise.
2189:"Saints A to Z: 'A' - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
1002:
Saints Peter and Paul with St John, St James and St Andrew.
548:
St Catherine depicted to the right of the Annunciation scene
315:
Scene linked to Columba- "The story of the Wandering Stork".
2697:
Regional characteristics of European cathedral architecture
990:"The Reconciliation of Man to God through the Incarnation"
267:
Angels 1 and 2 as depicted in the first tier of five lights
143:
First tier of five lights and positioned below St Raphael.
1728:
http://www.britannia.com/history/legend/berks/frideswide01
940:"The Reconciliation of Man to God through the Incarnation"
28:
One of the scenes from Mary's life - The Nativity-Window 5
351:
St Chad places his bishopric at the disposal of Theodore.
2234:"St. Etheidreda - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
2078:"Venerable Bede - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
1205:"Coeur de Lion" represents "The natural born Soldier".
811:
First tier of five lights and positioned below Michael
631:
First tier of five lights and positioned below Uriel.
450:
Second Tier of five-lights below "Scales and Thrones"
224:
Scenes from the lives of the five Saints shown above.
2101:"St. Bridget - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
2055:"St. Patrick - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
1940:"St. Columba - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
1201:"Valour"- St Louis, David and Richard the Lionheart.
153:. In light 3, the central light, Whall depicts the
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2841:
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1894:"St. Agnes - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
1917:"St. Lucy - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online"
619:"the Angel of the Sun, and so of Natural Creation"
494:Final tier of five lights below the above saints.
1165:"DISCIPLINE"- Michael, Joshua and the Centurian.
1013:Scenes from the live of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
524:The Annunciation-Gabriel brings Mary "Great News"
466:Third Tier of five-lights below the Annunciation
93:The Restoration in the Sacrament of the Eucharist
1113:South African War Memorial Window, Chapterhouse
45:
33:Christopher Whall works in Gloucester Cathedral
1128:Position in South African War Memorial Window
399:Faith and Agatha, two of the "Virgin Martyrs".
2677:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches
2636:
2439:
1688:http://www.medievalist.net/psalmstxt/ps18.htm
8:
1177:"DISCIPLINE"- Moses, King Alfred and Gideon
922:Boniface cuts down the sacred "heathen" oak.
291:Agnes and Lucy, two of the "Virgin Martyrs".
2661:British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918)
1887:
1885:
910:The tiny figure of Eadburg makes her choice
861:Scenes from the lives of the above saints.
699:Scenes from the lives of the above saints.
149:Whall explains that lights 1 and 2 depict "
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1759:http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02656a.htm
994:one with a diaper ornament of fig leaves.
635:"Power, Music, Creation, Earth and Fire. "
438:In the range of five lights below Gabriel
110:"The Childhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary"
1124:
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596:
560:The "True Cross" is shown to a dying man
411:
203:in 651 at the royal castle at Bamburgh.
116:
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678:Ethelwulf succeeded his father as king
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420:
233:
125:
2032:"Popular Saints - Saints & Angels"
2009:"Popular Saints - Saints & Angels"
1986:"Popular Saints - Saints & Angels"
1963:"Popular Saints - Saints & Angels"
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643:"Coeli enarrant" comes from Psalm 18.
2211:"Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Lawrence"
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1268:The South African War Memorial Window
1169:man under authority" – Matt.viii. 9.
221:Fourth and final tier of five lights
7:
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2143:"Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Vincent"
1592:Memorial window to Christopher Whall
639:Whall explains that he is depicting
621:. Uriel, whose name means in Hebrew
536:An angel with both scales and throne
1122:great branches- COUNSEL and MIGHT.
572:St Patrick is taught by St Germanus
1633:List of works by Christopher Whall
745:Frideswide hides away in a Pig-Sty
387:St Aidan visits St Hilda's school.
56:
35:is a narrative list of works that
14:
1584:Christopher Whall memorial window
1506:"Choristers" by Christopher Whall
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1035:The Third tier down of window 5.
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85:The Restoration in the Sacrament
2651:British and Irish stained glass
2383:History of Gloucester Cathedral
2213:. Newadvent.org. 1 October 1910
2145:. Newadvent.org. 1 October 1912
1621:Cathedrals and Minsters windows
1151:The three central lower lights
1139:The three central upper lights
934:St Edmund's body is discovered.
134:Raphael, one of the Archangels
2489:Cathedrals and Minster windows
614:Uriel, one of the Archangels.
1:
3199:British stained-glass artists
1095:Scenes from the life of Mary.
339:"Et factus in arborem magnam"
3592:Lists of stained glass works
3291:Lavers, Barraud and Westlake
1154:"COUNSEL IN THINGS SECULAR"
3246:Barton, Kinder and Alderson
3204:Irish stained-glass artists
1638:The works of Veronica Whall
1494:Window by Christopher Whall
1142:"COUNSEL IN THINGS SACRED"
987:Second tier of five lights
825:Second tier of five lights
648:Second tier of five lights
3608:
3530:Stained glass conservation
2901:Charles Edmund Clutterbuck
2791:Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
1471:Dedication of sixth window
1010:Final tier of five lights
999:Third tier of five lights
858:Final tier of five lights
836:Third tier of five lights
696:Final tier of five lights
668:Third tier of five lights
193:Third Tier of five lights
17:
3548:
2818:John Loughborough Pearson
2656:
1578:Window by Veronica Whall.
1566:Window by Veronica Whall.
1554:Window by Veronica Whall.
1542:Window by Veronica Whall.
1530:Window by Veronica Whall.
1518:Window by Veronica Whall.
1376:Joshua and The Centurian.
1304:Counsel in things Secular
1292:Counsel in things Secular
1280:Counsel in things Secular
1224:House. See image below.
617:Whall describes Uriel as
3281:Heaton, Butler and Bayne
2735:Cambridge Camden Society
2725:Arts and Crafts Movement
2682:History of stained glass
1477:The South Chantry Chapel
1316:Counsel in things Sacred
3455:Curvilinear coordinates
3053:Lilian Josephine Pocock
2861:Edward Liddall Armitage
2550:Lilian Josephine Pocock
161:and light 5 depicts a "
3346:Fairford stained glass
3276:John Hardman & Co.
3078:Arnold Wathen Robinson
2687:Medieval stained glass
2505:Arnold Wathen Robinson
1593:
1459:Angel in sixth window.
1447:Angel in sixth window.
1435:Angel in sixth window.
1400:St Alban and St Edmund
975:Seraphim and Cherubim
799:Whall depicts Michael
94:
66:
49:
29:
3301:James Powell and Sons
3266:Walter Francis Clokey
2970:James Humphries Hogan
2923:Rachel de Montmorency
2896:Walter Francis Clokey
2590:Rachel de Montmorency
1591:
1412:Richard the Lionheart
950:Position in Window 5
886:"Swords and Sceptres"
866:A Bishop’s Pleasaunce
785:Position in Window 4
733:Etheldreda's Ash Tree
600:Position in Window 3
441:"Scales and Thrones"
415:Position in Window 2
157:. Light 4 depicts a "
146:The Choir of Virgins
120:Position in Window I
92:
64:
27:
3357:My Four Green Fields
3336:Canterbury Cathedral
2992:Edward Holmes Jewitt
2828:George Gilbert Scott
2479:War Memorial windows
2474:Gloucester Cathedral
2034:. Catholic.org. 2656
1611:War Memorial windows
1071:St Andrew with "lad"
57:"Man's Fallen State"
41:Gloucester Cathedral
3430:Architectural glass
3251:Burlison and Grylls
3009:Charles Eamer Kempe
2011:. Catholic.org. 491
1988:. Catholic.org. 661
1965:. Catholic.org. 532
1131:Image (s) depicted
459:broken on the wheel
123:Image (s) depicted
3341:Coventry Cathedral
3316:William Warrington
3286:Hincks and Burnell
3136:Nathaniel Westlake
3107:Caroline Townshend
2720:Aesthetic Movement
2713:Artistic movements
2510:Caroline Townshend
1594:
1047:"Christ Enthroned"
429:Archangel Gabriel
405:"The Annunciation"
95:
67:
30:
3587:Christopher Whall
3574:
3573:
3324:
3323:
3306:Shrigley and Hunt
3141:Christopher Whall
3090:Arild Rosenkrantz
3024:Catherine O’Brien
2953:Reginald Hallward
2943:Wilhelmina Geddes
2833:Alexander Thomson
2799:
2798:
2745:Early Renaissance
2618:
2617:
2595:Reginald Hallward
2455:Christopher Whall
2346:Catholic Online.
2301:Catholic Online.
2278:Catholic Online.
2255:Catholic Online.
2232:Catholic Online.
2187:Catholic Online.
2164:Catholic Online.
2099:Catholic Online.
2076:Catholic Online.
2053:Catholic Online.
2030:Catholic Online.
2007:Catholic Online.
1984:Catholic Online.
1961:Catholic Online.
1938:Catholic Online.
1915:Catholic Online.
1892:Catholic Online.
1616:Works in Scotland
1328:Angels in Tracery
1221:
1220:
1020:
1019:
872:
871:
804:"Who is like God"
707:
706:
623:"God is my light"
505:
504:
232:
231:
52:Ante-Chapel North
37:Christopher Whall
20:Christopher Whall
3599:
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3555:
3470:Glass beadmaking
3296:Morris & Co.
3261:Clayton and Bell
3165:Thomas Willement
3119:Christopher Webb
2881:Margaret Chilton
2808:
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2692:Poor Man's Bible
2645:
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2570:Margaret Chilton
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2327:. Antiochian.org
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1313:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1125:
1104:
1092:
1083:The Presentation
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1032:
947:
931:
919:
907:
895:
883:
782:
766:
754:
742:
730:
718:
597:
590:"The Salutation"
581:
569:
557:
545:
533:
521:
412:
396:
384:
372:
360:
348:
336:
324:
312:
300:
288:
276:
264:
252:
240:
117:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3544:
3450:Cathedral glass
3418:
3362:
3320:
3229:
3220:Martin Harrison
3208:
2965:Herbert Hendrie
2876:Alfred E. Child
2837:
2795:
2781:The Glass House
2769:
2760:Oxford Movement
2730:Biblia pauperum
2701:
2665:
2652:
2649:
2619:
2614:
2493:
2457:
2452:
2391:
2389:Further reading
2369:
2364:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2330:
2328:
2323:
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2318:
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2239:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2171:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2123:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1945:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1914:
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1338:
1329:
1326:
1317:
1314:
1305:
1302:
1293:
1290:
1281:
1278:
1269:
1266:
1257:
1254:
1245:
1242:
1210:Base of window
1115:
1108:
1105:
1096:
1093:
1084:
1081:
1072:
1069:
1060:
1057:
1048:
1045:
1036:
1033:
978:Whall depicts
961:The Top Light.
953:Image depicted
942:
935:
932:
923:
920:
911:
908:
899:
896:
887:
884:
796:The Top Light.
788:Image depicted
777:
770:
767:
758:
755:
746:
743:
734:
731:
722:
719:
611:The Top Light.
603:Image depicted
592:
585:
582:
573:
570:
561:
558:
549:
546:
537:
534:
525:
522:
418:Image depicted
407:
400:
397:
388:
385:
376:
373:
364:
361:
352:
349:
340:
337:
328:
325:
316:
313:
304:
301:
292:
289:
280:
277:
268:
265:
256:
253:
244:
241:
112:
107:
87:
59:
54:
22:
12:
11:
5:
3605:
3603:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3579:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3561:United Kingdom
3558:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3445:Came glasswork
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
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3381:
3376:
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3363:
3361:
3360:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3311:William Wailes
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:Daniel Cottier
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3175:Paul Woodroffe
3172:
3170:William Wilson
3167:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3153:Veronica Whall
3150:
3149:
3148:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3121:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3063:Patrick Pollen
3060:
3055:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3026:
3021:
3019:William Morris
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2871:William Burges
2868:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2823:Augustus Pugin
2820:
2814:
2812:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2755:Gothic Revival
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2625:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2605:Veronica Whall
2602:
2592:
2587:
2580:Paul Woodroffe
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2552:
2547:
2537:
2532:
2522:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2484:Scotland works
2481:
2476:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2367:External links
2365:
2362:
2361:
2350:. Catholic.org
2338:
2316:
2305:. Catholic.org
2293:
2282:. Catholic.org
2270:
2259:. Catholic.org
2247:
2236:. Catholic.org
2224:
2202:
2191:. Catholic.org
2179:
2168:. Catholic.org
2156:
2134:
2114:
2103:. Catholic.org
2091:
2080:. Catholic.org
2068:
2057:. Catholic.org
2045:
2022:
1999:
1976:
1953:
1942:. Catholic.org
1930:
1919:. Catholic.org
1907:
1896:. Catholic.org
1881:
1877:Veronica Whall
1829:
1783:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1719:
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1199:
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1027:
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1007:
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996:
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988:
984:
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897:
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869:
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859:
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854:
840:
837:
833:
832:
829:
826:
822:
821:
815:
812:
808:
807:
800:
797:
793:
792:
789:
786:
776:
775:"The Nativity"
773:
772:
771:
768:
761:
759:
756:
749:
747:
744:
737:
735:
732:
725:
723:
720:
713:
705:
704:
700:
697:
693:
692:
672:
669:
665:
664:
652:
649:
645:
644:
637:
632:
628:
627:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
591:
588:
587:
586:
583:
576:
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571:
564:
562:
559:
552:
550:
547:
540:
538:
535:
528:
526:
523:
516:
503:
502:
498:
495:
491:
490:
470:
467:
463:
462:
454:
451:
447:
446:
442:
439:
435:
434:
430:
427:
426:The Top Light
423:
422:
419:
416:
406:
403:
402:
401:
398:
391:
389:
386:
379:
377:
374:
367:
365:
362:
355:
353:
350:
343:
341:
338:
331:
329:
326:
319:
317:
314:
307:
305:
302:
295:
293:
290:
283:
281:
278:
271:
269:
266:
259:
257:
254:
247:
245:
242:
235:
230:
229:
225:
222:
218:
217:
197:
194:
190:
189:
174:
171:
167:
166:
147:
144:
140:
139:
135:
132:
131:The Top Light
128:
127:
124:
121:
111:
108:
106:
103:
86:
83:
79:Veronica Whall
58:
55:
53:
50:
18:Main article:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3604:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3525:Stained glass
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3485:Lancet window
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3440:Beveled glass
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3241:An TĂşr Gloine
3239:
3238:
3236:
3234:Manufacturers
3232:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3124:Geoffrey Webb
3122:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3095:Francis Skeat
3093:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3004:Marjorie Kemp
3002:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Moira Forsyth
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2907:
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2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2849:Carl Almquist
2847:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:Architectural
2809:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:Organisations
2772:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
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2680:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2610:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:Marjorie Kemp
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2469:List of works
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2444:
2442:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:1 85759 354 5
2397:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2349:
2342:
2339:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2304:
2297:
2294:
2281:
2274:
2271:
2258:
2251:
2248:
2235:
2228:
2225:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2190:
2183:
2180:
2167:
2160:
2157:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2130:1 8441 3053 3
2127:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2102:
2095:
2092:
2079:
2072:
2069:
2056:
2049:
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163:Principality"
160:
156:
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109:
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51:
48:
44:
42:
39:executed for
38:
34:
26:
21:
16:
3535:Studio glass
3475:Glassblowing
3394:Fleur-de-lis
3355:
3351:York Minster
3256:Harry Clarke
3187:Edward Woore
3068:Sarah Purser
3029:Karl Parsons
3014:Mary Lowndes
2933:Mabel Esplin
2928:Alfred Drury
2891:Harry Clarke
2886:Brian Clarke
2786:Hogarth Club
2565:Mabel Esplin
2540:Karl Parsons
2515:Edward Woore
2352:. Retrieved
2341:
2329:. Retrieved
2319:
2307:. Retrieved
2296:
2284:. Retrieved
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2227:
2215:. Retrieved
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2182:
2170:. Retrieved
2159:
2147:. Retrieved
2137:
2105:. Retrieved
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2048:
2036:. Retrieved
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2002:
1990:. Retrieved
1979:
1967:. Retrieved
1956:
1944:. Retrieved
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1776:
1753:
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1735:
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1713:
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1672:
1662:
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1418:Sixth window
1230:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1120:
1116:
1021:
979:
943:
873:
865:
851:
848:
844:
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803:
778:
708:
688:
684:
680:
676:
660:
656:
640:
634:
622:
618:
593:
510:
506:
486:
482:
478:
474:
408:
213:
209:
205:
201:
185:
182:
178:
162:
158:
154:
150:
113:
100:
96:
74:
71:
68:
46:
32:
31:
15:
3515:Rose window
3460:Float glass
3423:Terminology
3225:John Ruskin
3073:Ethel Rhind
3041:Henry Payne
2980:Joan Howson
2911:Louis Davis
2866:Hugh Arnold
2765:Romanticism
2555:Louis Davis
2535:Hugh Arnold
2525:Henry Payne
1605:Other works
1352:King Alfred
327:St Cuthbert
3581:Categories
3510:Quatrefoil
3058:John Piper
2740:Classicism
2706:Influences
2416:0951059203
1768:References
105:North Nave
3490:Leadlight
3480:Grisaille
3465:Glass art
3435:Art glass
2975:Evie Hone
2948:Jane Gray
2906:Trena Cox
2750:Exoticism
2498:Followers
2354:16 August
2331:16 August
2309:16 August
2286:16 August
2263:16 August
2240:16 August
2217:16 August
2195:16 August
2172:16 August
2149:16 August
2107:16 August
2084:16 August
2061:16 August
2038:16 August
2015:16 August
1992:16 August
1969:16 August
1946:16 August
1923:16 August
1900:16 August
1134:Comments
964:An Angel
956:Comments
791:Comments
606:Comments
421:Comments
375:St Aidan.
126:Comments
3557:Commons:
3495:Mandorla
3399:Heraldry
3384:Biblical
3379:Apostles
3329:Examples
1781:windows.
1627:See also
1388:St Louis
1213:Shields
1059:St Peter
512:fixing.
303:St Helen
3566:Ireland
3540:Tracery
3520:Roundel
3500:Mullion
3414:Virtues
3404:Prophet
3374:Admiral
3213:Critics
2842:Artists
2670:History
363:St Chad
159:Virtue"
3505:Pontil
3389:Bishop
3367:Images
2804:People
2414:
2398:
2348:"3810"
2303:"3471"
2128:
1823:
1730:.htm l
1256:Gideon
73:reads-
3409:Saint
3192:works
3180:works
3158:works
3146:works
3129:works
3112:works
3100:works
3083:works
3046:works
3034:works
2997:works
2985:works
2958:works
2916:works
2854:works
2609:works
2599:works
2584:works
2559:works
2544:works
2529:works
2519:works
2462:Works
2280:"223"
2257:"243"
2166:"329"
1644:Notes
1364:David
1340:Moses
2412:ISBN
2396:ISBN
2356:2012
2333:2012
2311:2012
2288:2012
2265:2012
2242:2012
2219:2012
2197:2012
2174:2012
2151:2012
2126:ISBN
2109:2012
2086:2012
2063:2012
2040:2012
2017:2012
1994:2012
1971:2012
1948:2012
1925:2012
1902:2012
1821:ISBN
1677:ever
3583::
2117:^
1884:^
1832:^
1786:^
982:.
820:.
165:.
43:.
2644:e
2637:t
2630:v
2611:)
2607:(
2601:)
2597:(
2586:)
2582:(
2561:)
2557:(
2546:)
2542:(
2531:)
2527:(
2521:)
2517:(
2447:e
2440:t
2433:v
2358:.
2335:.
2313:.
2290:.
2267:.
2244:.
2221:.
2199:.
2176:.
2153:.
2132:.
2111:.
2088:.
2065:.
2042:.
2019:.
1996:.
1973:.
1950:.
1927:.
1904:.
1879:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
