884:, but especially after the 11th century, a considerable part of the doctrine, as well as the Canon Law itself, accepted a rightful compensation for the work of the minister. This compensation had to be based on local "laudable customs" or on a voluntary payment, but many parishes turned these fees into a standard scale of charges. This attitude resulted above all from the desire to strengthen parish incomes, often very small especially in rural areas. Although many critics attacked these exactions, in all Christian countries burial fees were regularly perceived by the clergy. Moreover, in contexts where parishes hosted a vestry (such as in England and France), the parishioners had to pay a certain amount to the wardens for the use of the churchyard or the church itself, when the burial took place inside it. This contribution was often called the right "for breaking the ground". After the Reformation, in both Catholic and reformed areas, burial payments were standardized in tables of fees that had to be displayed at the entrance of the church or inside the sacristy. These tables registered also payments due for marriages, christenings, and, in some countries such as England, for the
99:
690:) is chiefly distinguished from ordinary Masses by certain omissions. Some of these may be due to the fact that this Mass was formerly regarded as supplementary to the Mass of the day. In other cases it preserves the tradition of a more primitive age. The suppression of the Alleluia, Gloria in excelsis, and the Gloria Patri seems to point to a sense of the incongruity of joyful themes in the presence of God's searching and inscrutable judgments. In the early Christian ages, however, it would seem that the Alleluia, especially in the East, was regarded as especially appropriate to funerals, as Christians rejoiced that the deceased was now closer to God than they were themselves.
502:
the
Funeral Mass does not occur, however, a Memorial Mass may be said later for the deceased. The deacon leads the prayer services at the home and the funeral home, blesses the remains at the church during another prayer service, and then leads the prayers of final commendation at the graveside. In an increasing number of cases where there are not enough priests and deacons, lay people will lead prayers in the home of the deceased, the Vigil for the Deceased at the church, and also prayers at the graveside (the only funeral service which requires an ordained priest is the Requiem Mass itself). If the traditional three-part funeral rites are celebrated, they proceed as follows:
606:. "A man ought so to be buried", he says, "that while his head lies to the West his feet are turned to the East…" For clergy, however, the idea seems to be that the bishop (or priest) in death should occupy the same position in the church as during life, facing his people who he taught and blessed in Christ's name. In practice, facing the east is scarcely ever observed today, but appears to have been a common custom in the early middle ages. Post-conversion cemeteries can be distinguished in England from their pre-conversion counterparts from the orientation and direction of inhumation burials. Such an example can be seen in the Chamberlain's Barn cemetery near
548:
724:. In a Requiem Mass the priest always wears black vestments, and the pall is black. There are also slightly different ceremonies of the Mass and slightly different texts. When the deceased is a baptised child under the age of reason the priest wears white vestments as a symbol of the innocence of the deceased and the attendant belief that the child will immediately be received into heaven without the need to endure purgatory. The liturgical books for the extraordinary form have never prescribed a particular Mass for the funeral of such children, but the custom is that the votive Mass of the Angels is said.
2708:
your peace. Let perpetual light shine upon them." The commendation asks God to "receive N. into the arms of your mercy. Raise N. up with all your people." The committal requests that God "grant N. entrance into your light and joy" or to "receive...your servant N., and grant that increase in knowledge and love of you." One prayer suggests a gradual process of purification and growth after death—"fulfill in N. your purpose that reaches beyond time and death. Lead N. from strength to strength, and fit N. .for love and service in your
Kingdom."
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31:
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day. It is an organization which associates in this work of mercy the members of all ranks of society. Their self-imposed task is not limited to escorting the dead to their last resting-place, but they discharge the functions of an ambulance corps, dealing with accidents as they occur and carrying the sick to the hospitals. When on duty until recently the members wore a hood which completely disguised them.
264:
801:
353:). In reaction against the Christian opposition to cremation some have deliberately instructed that their remains be cremated as a public profession of irreligion and materialism. The revival of cremation in modern times has prompted a revision of this opposition by many Christian churches, though some groups continue to discourage the practice, provided there is no intent of
1872:
1836:. Each individual bell is struck once, from the smallest to the largest, in a slow, steady peal. After that, all of the bells are struck together at the same time. Striking the bells from the smallest to the largest symbolizes the stages of a person's life from birth to death; the final striking of all the bells together symbolizes the end of this earthly life.
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486:
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431:(eighth or ninth century), which Magistretti pronounces to be derived from Rome, the funeral is broken up into stages: at the house of the deceased, on the way to the church, at the church, from the church to the grave, and at the grave side. But it is also clear that there was originally something of the nature of a wake (
1887:, the priest will pour some of the consecrated oil on the coffin (in some places, this is done at the funeral, immediately before the coffin is closed). The priest then pours the ashes from the censer into the open grave, after which the family and friends fill in the grave as the choir chants hymns.
1698:
Thou alone art immortal, who hast created and fashioned man. But we are mortal formed of the earth, and unto earth shall we return, as Thou who madest me didst command and say unto us: Thou art dust, and to dust shalt thou return. Whither, also, all we mortals wend our way, making as a funeral dirge
850:
Grant this mercy, O Lord, we beseech Thee, to Thy servant departed, that he may not receive in punishment the requital of his deeds who in desire did keep Thy will, and as the true faith here united him to the company of the faithful, so may Thy mercy unite him above to the choirs of angels. Through
501:
religious observances surrounding mortal remains can be divided into three stages. The following three stages assume, however, that the full funeral rites are celebrated, including the
Funeral (Requiem) Mass, which, since it is a Mass, must be celebrated by a priest. If a Catholic deacon celebrates,
2707:
Specific prayers, including commendations ("we entrust him/her to your boundless love and eternal care"), are a part of ministry following death. The funeral "Service of Death and
Resurrection" includes remembrance of the deceased in the Eucharistic prayer—ending with the words "to all these, grant
693:
During the Mass it used to be customary to distribute candles to the congregation. These were lit during the Gospel, during the latter part of the Holy
Sacrifice from the Elevation to the Communion, and during the absolution which follows the Mass. As already remarked the association of lights with
2068:
But still more directly to the purpose we find certain organizations formed to carry out the burial of the dead and friendless as a work of charity. The most celebrated of these was the "Misericordia" of
Florence, believed to have been instituted in 1244 by Pier Bossi, and surviving to the present
1957:
The first traditional mourning period of
Orthodox Christians lasts for forty days. During this period, certain days are considered to have special significance: the third day (on which the funeral is usually held), the ninth day, and the fortieth day. Of these three days, the fortieth is the most
1890:
Orthodox
Christians are buried facing east; that is to say, with their feet to the east. When a cross is placed at the grave, it is not normally placed at the head of the grave, but at the foot, so that as the faithful stand at the grave and pray facing the cross, they will be facing east, in the
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on all four sides, and the deceased is placed in the coffin. Then the wake begins immediately. Often, an
Orthodox casket will have a solid lid which is removable. The lid, with a large cross on it, is often placed outside the front door of the house as a sign that the house is in mourning, and to
1980:
Normally, after forty days, memorials are taking place at three months, six months, nine months (terms corresponding to the Holy
Trinity), at a year and in each subsequent year on the anniversary of death, for seven years in a row. It is a common practice for the friends and family to request a
830:
erected above ground or even a brick chamber beneath the surface is regarded as needing blessing when used for the first time. This blessing is short and consists only of a single prayer after which the body is again sprinkled with holy water and incensed. Apart from this, the service at the
259:
of the latter part of the seventh century. Recorded in the writing is a description of "the Order of what the clerics of any city ought to do when their bishop falls into a mortal sickness." It details the steps of ringing church bells, reciting psalms, and cleaning and dressing the body.
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to the departed. Though traditions vary, often they will kiss the phylactory on the deceased's forehead and the icon or cross in his hand. During this time, the choir chants moving hymns which are intended to assist the mourners as they work through their grief and love for the deceased.
1854:
Open wide, O earth, and receive him (her) that was fashioned from thee by the hand of God aforetime, and who returneth again unto Thee that gave him (her) birth. That which was made according to his image the Creator hath received unto himself; do thou receive back that which is thine
1335:
for the final time. He is then placed in his coffin. In ancient times, and still in some places, the bishop is not placed in a coffin, but remains seated in a chair, and is even buried in a sitting position. This custom was taken from the burial customs of the Byzantine Emperors.
727:
The funeral Mass is sometimes called the "Mass of Christian Burial", "Mass of the Resurrection", or "Memorial Mass", but these terms are not found in the Order of Christian Funerals, which is the official book in the ordinary form of the Church, and should be discouraged.
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to a very large extent were burial confraternities; at any rate the seemly carrying out of the funeral rites at the death of any of their members together with a provision of Masses for his soul form an almost invariable feature in the constitutions of such guilds.
825:
After the absolution, the body is carried to the grave. The tomb or burial plot is then blessed, if it has not been blessed previously. A grave newly dug in an already consecrated cemetery is considered blessed, and requires no further consecration. However, a
1597:(Easter week) is remarkably different from that served at any other time of year. In place of the mournful melodies and penitential nature of the normal funeral services, joyful paschal hymns are chanted. There is also a special paschal funeral for children.
377:
anyone who disembowelled bodies of the dead or boiled them to separate the flesh from the bones, for the purpose of transportation for burial in their native land. He further decreed that bodies which had been so treated were to be denied Christian burial.
1044:
is lengthy, and there are several features unique to the Eastern Church. There are five different funeral services, depending upon the deceased's station in life: laity, children, monks, priests, and a special form served for all of the above during
368:
a practice arose among the aristocracy that when a nobleman was killed in battle far from home, the body would be defleshed by boiling or some such other method, and his bones transported back to his estate for burial. In response, in the year 1300,
540:. Then the procession sets out for the church. The cross-bearer goes first, followed by members of the clergy carrying lighted candles. The priest walks immediately before the coffin, and the friends of the deceased and others walk behind it.
1922:. In cases where the local authorities impose cremation, such as for reasons of public health, this is no obstacle to an Orthodox funeral. For those persons for whom a funeral is not allowed, the most that may be done is the chanting of the
1402:
is large enough it is placed there. Four candlestands are placed around the coffin, forming a cross. The priest censes around the coffin and begins a Panikhida. Then, the reading of the Psalter continues until the beginning of the services.
582:
Historical precedence provides that if the corpse is a layman, the feet are to be turned towards the altar. If the corpse is a priest, then the position is reversed, the head being towards the altar. The earliest reference to this is in
396:
by the dead (the wake) is an ancient practice probably derived from the similar Jewish custom of a pious vigil over the remains. Its origins are not entirely known. This was a Christian observance, attended with the chanting of psalms.
408:, the custom was practiced in a desire to perform religious duties and was seen as beneficial. By appointing relays of monks to succeed one another, orderly provision was made that the corpse would never be left without prayer.
543:
Note that in the vast majority of cases none of the above will happen. The priest or deacon will go to the house without procession, or lay people will lead the prayers in the presence of the body if clergy are not available.
185:
of the body as well as of Jewish tradition, the burial of the mortal remains of the Christian dead has always been regarded as an act of religious import. It is surrounded at all times with some measure of religious ceremony.
578:
Once again, this seldom happens. The coffin is brought to the church by the undertaker in a hearse. It may arrive the evening before, for a Vigil in the church, or it may arrive on the day of the funeral before the service.
471:, in the hope of benefiting the soul of the deceased. It was also usual to lead his war-horse up the church fully accoutered and to present it to the priest at the altar rails. It would later be redeemed by a money payment.
317:' hope of resurrection by cremating their remains. Though the church always taught that the destruction of the earthly remains posed no threat to the bodily resurrection, many Christians risked their lives to prevent this
1913:
In the Orthodox Church, it is only permitted to celebrate a funeral for a person who is a member of the Orthodox Church in good standing. Generally speaking, funerals are not permitted for persons who have committed
1543:—Because young children are generally not held to be morally responsible for their sins, the funeral for a child has none of the usual penitential elements, or prayers for the forgiveness of the sins of the deceased.
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during the Middle Ages, such as the Third (1179) and the Fourth (1215) Council of the Lateran. Charging money to conduct burials, bless a marriage or to celebrate any of the sacraments was considered as a crime of
1937:
Orthodox Christians do not consider death to be an end, but a beginning. However, sorrow at the separation from a loved one is natural to the human condition. In Orthodox theology, Jesus' weeping for his friend
694:
Christian funerals is very ancient, and liturgists here recognize a symbolical reference to baptism whereby Christians are made the children of Light, as well as a concrete reminder of the oft repeated prayer
1782:, it is pulled over the face of the deceased. Finally, the coffin is closed. In some traditions, the priest will sprinkle a little earth on the remains, in the shape of a cross, before closing the coffin.
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memorial at least on the deceased's anniversary of death. The first anniversary is almost universally celebrated, and many families will continue to request annual memorials on every anniversary of death.
855:
The final petition made by the priest is "May his soul and the souls of all the faithful departed through the mercy of God rest in peace." At that point, the graveside ceremony and the burial is complete.
2056:
Even from the period of the catacombs such associations seem to have existed among the Christians and they no doubt imitated to some extent in their organization the pagan collegia for the same purpose.
952:, in its Book of Discipline, specifies "Standing before the coffin, if the service is held in the residence, or preceding it from the entrance if the service is held in the Church", the minister recites
1364:(brief memorial services). Anyone is allowed to read, and the family and friends will often take turns reading the psalms throughout the night up until it is time to take the body to the church.
411:
Among secular persons, these nocturnal meetings were sometimes an occasion of grave abuses, especially in the matter of eating and drinking. The following is found in the Anglo-Saxon canons of
1579:—When bishops and priests are buried, their funeral is different from those of laymen or monks (a hieromonk may be buried either as a monk or as a priest). Because of their important role as
2529:
2644:
The Book of Worship for Church and Home: With Orders of Worship, Services for the Administration of the Sacraments and Other Aids to Worship According to the Usages of the Methodist Church
98:
287:
Traditionally, the Christian Church opposed the practice of cremation by its members. While involving no necessary contradiction of any article of faith, it is opposed alike to ancient
1729:, Saint John composed these hymns to help one of the brethren in his monastery as he grieved for a family member. There are eight stichera, each composed in one of the tones of the
1645:. The refrain at the first and third stases is "Alleluia", the refrain for the second stasis is "Have mercy upon Thy servant." The Kathisma is followed by a set of hymns called the
451:
became common in the second half of the eleventh century. It involves laying a form of absolution upon the breast of the deceased. This is enjoined in the monastic constitutions of
982:. The official name for the liturgy in the United Methodist Church is "A Service of Death and Resurrection"; it includes the elements found in a standard liturgy celebrated on the
1950:). In the light of the Resurrection, the death of a believer is not considered to be a tragedy but a triumph. Both the funeral and the memorial services feature the singing of "
1806:
going from the church to the cemetery. This procession is similar to the one during which the body was taken to the church. If the deceased is a priest, instead of singing the
1208:(cloak), from which two strips will be cut. These strips are wound around the body, so that they cross over the breast, the waist and the legs, thus symbolising not only the
1498:, and it originally lasted through the entire night and into the next morning. Today, it has been considerably shortened, but it may still last around two and a half hours.
1137:
may be placed in his left hand. If the deceased served in the military or held some other high office, he or she may be dressed in his or her uniform. If a man had been
1733:. These hymns are also chanted on Friday evenings and Saturday mornings throughout the year, since Saturday is a day set aside for general commemoration of the departed.
1081:
to encourage repentance, and help ease the soul's transition from earthly life to the hereafter. There is a special form of this service "For One who has Suffered Long".
2048:
If it is not possible to bury an Orthodox Christian in a consecrated cemetery, the individual grave may be consecrated, using the rite called the "Blessing of a Grave".
2008:(loaf of bread) offered for the Liturgy. In the Russian usage, there is a separate prosphoron for the departed, from which these memorial particles are taken. After the
1367:
If the deceased was a priest or bishop the reading is done by the higher clergy (bishops, priests and deacons) and instead of reading the Psalter, they read from the
598:
A little-known custom also exists that both before the altar and in the grave, the feet of all Christians should be pointed to the East. This custom is alluded to by
1898:
era, bishops were buried sitting upright in a chair, a practice that is still observed in some places. After the remains were lowered into the ground, the bishop's
419:
Ye shall not rejoice on account of men deceased nor attend on the corpse unless ye be thereto invited. When ye are thereto invited then forbid ye the heathen songs (
1023:
2045:
Persons for whom a funeral service may not be chanted (see paragraphs above) may not be buried in a consecrated cemetery without the blessing of the local bishop.
652:. In the Tridentine Rite, candles are lit around the coffin, and they are allowed to burn throughout this stage. In the post-Vatican II rite there are no candles.
455:. Occasionally, a leaden cross etched with a few words was used for this purpose. Many such crosses have been recovered in opening tombs belonging to this period.
2489:
423:) of the laymen and their loud cachinnations; nor eat ye nor drink where the corpse lieth therein, lest ye be imitators of the heathenism which they there commit.
1442:
In the Orthodox funeral, the coffin is usually open in church (unlike the West, where it is usually closed), and the lower part of the coffin is covered with a
610:- around 650 CE, graves were increasingly organised into rows, facing west, and grave furnishings (commonly associated with pagan burial practices) decreased.
526:
The first stage involves the parish priest and other clergy going to the house of the deceased. One cleric carries the cross and another carries a vessel of
1583:
of the Word, the funeral for priests has numerous Gospel readings in it. These are usually read from the Gospel Book which has been placed in the coffin.
962:
2552:
1537:—This is the most common form of funeral; it is used for all adult members of the laity and for lower clergy and deacons. It is the form detailed below.
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is said silently, while the coffin is again sprinkled with holy water. Finally, after one or two brief responses, the following ancient prayer is said:
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519:
263:
2928:
1690:
With the saints give rest, O Christ, to the soul of Thy servant where there is neither sickness, nor sorrow, nor sighing, but life everlasting.
1847:
The coffin may be sealed with nails. Traditionally there are four nails, reminiscent of the nails with which Christ was affixed to the Cross.
948:, have funeral liturgies that emphasize "the paschal character of Christian death and connected the last rite with baptism". To this end, the
547:
209:, speaks of the singing of hymns and psalms while the body is carried to the grave as an observance belonging to ancient Christian tradition.
1993:
to be done in the name of a departed person. This not only honors their memory, but is believed to also be of spiritual benefit to them.
2700:
2612:
1231:
197:. Other early Christians likely followed the national customs of the people among whom they lived, as long as they were not directly
189:
Little is known with regard to the burial of the dead in the early Christian centuries. Early Christians did practice the use of an
1446:. The lid of the casket may be left outside the church door, as an invitation to all who pass by to enter and join in the funeral.
945:
712:) the order of choice for liturgical colors is white, or violet, or black. It is recommended that the coffin be covered by a white
530:. Before the coffin is removed from the house it is sprinkled with the holy water. The priest, with his assistants, says the psalm
1947:
1749:, which is printed on a separate piece of paper. After the prayer, he will roll the paper up and place it in the deceased's hand.
2586:
1466:
readings for the dead, which vary according to the day of the week on which the funeral is served. There will also be a special
925:
1379:
After a final Panikhida at the house of the deceased, the body is brought to the church in a procession headed by the cross and
746:, and replaced with the Final Commendation and Farewell, when the new Order of Christian Funerals was promulgated following the
2938:
2538:
1216:
in which Jesus was wrapped as a baby, since the death of the body is considered to be a birth for the soul into new life. His
905:
249:
167:
350:
346:
2865:
839:
34:
888:. The promulgation of tables of fees continues today in most of the Christian countries where there is an organized church.
757:
The absolution of the dead is a series of prayers for pardon that are said over the body of a deceased Catholic following a
154:) in the depression in the land of Moab, opposite Beth Peor. No man knows the place that he was buried, even to this day." (
193:
to store the skeletal remains of those saints at rest in Christ. This practice likely came from the use of the same among
2577:
1827:
1561:
in succession, as if recalling the monastic's participation in the whole life of the Church. This funeral is used for all
255:
Probably the earliest detailed account of funeral ceremonial which has been preserved to us is to be found in the Spanish
957:
1523:
111:
1371:. If there are not enough clergy to read continuously, the laity may read the Psalter at times clergy are unavailable.
1488:
949:
937:
2016:, and the church teaches that the departed benefit spiritually from this action more than any other on their behalf.
769:. Rather, it is a series of prayers to God that the person's soul will not have to suffer the temporal punishment in
268:
1757:
Symbolic farewell is taken of the deceased by a "last kiss", during which the faithful come forward and give a last
920:, "Where possible the minister prepares the dying person in private, using the Preparation and Reconciliation" (cf.
1977:(memorial services) are served to pray for the repose of the soul of the deceased and to comfort their loved ones.
293:
2304:
2042:. Then the cross and the entire property are consecrated with prayers, incense and the sprinkling of holy water.
2039:
310:
225:
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1790:
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and clothed for burial. Traditionally, this act of love is performed by the family and friends of the deceased (
1089:
515:
131:
70:
30:
1943:
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953:
171:
2724:
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1093:
1041:
941:
238:
82:
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hymn chanted during the Easter season and on Sunday. Thus the themes of prayer for God's mercy and of the
979:
747:
737:
645:
480:
298:
244:
163:
1637:. The psalm is divided into three sections, called Stases, the first two of which is followed by a brief
567:
is recited or chanted in alternate verses by the cantors and clergy. On reaching the church the antiphon
158:
34:6). Similarly, early Christians used only burial, as can be demonstrated from the direct testimony of
2943:
2556:
2450:
2324:
2250:
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1705:
1383:. The priest or deacon walks in front of the coffin with the censer. During the procession all sing the
1058:
999:
194:
1746:
1656:
1530:
As mentioned above, there are five different funeral services, all of which have different outlines:
881:
766:
552:
1431:, made of wheat—symbolic of the grain which falling to the ground dies and brings forth much fruit (
510:
2720:
1959:
1676:
1550:
1483:
1078:
1007:
155:
143:
1832:
During the procession, the bells are tolled. In the Russian tradition, the funeral toll is called
1458:
takes place as usual, with the addition of special hymns for the departed. There are also special
618:
467:
in the funeral of well known and distinguished people. Generous offerings were made in money, and
2160:
2004:. The name of the departed is given to the priest, who then removes a particle of bread from the
1939:
1647:
885:
872:
661:
588:
370:
229:
212:
Several historical writings indicate that in the fourth and fifth centuries, the offering of the
58:
2912:
1549:—The burial of monks and nuns differs in a number of respects, most noticeably that there is no
1331:(candlesticks used by a bishop to bless the people) are placed in his hands as the clergy chant
1319:
swings the censer and reads the vesting prayers, exactly as was done for him when he served the
1256:
is prepared by the clergy, and is anointed with oil. He is then clothed in his full Eucharistic
73:, and practiced inhumation almost exclusively. Today this opposition has all but vanished among
1703:
The Russian melody for this Kontakion was famously sung during the funeral scene in the movie,
1675:, another hymn which follows it. During the funeral it takes place after the Sixth Ode of the
2861:
2836:
2696:
2608:
2483:
2472:
2131:
1860:
995:
917:
871:, any faithful could be buried by the priest for free; and this has been confirmed by several
778:
761:
and before burial. The absolution of the dead does not forgive sins or confer the sacramental
629:
592:
2238: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
2024:
In the Orthodox Church there is a ritual for the "Consecration of a Cemetery", found in the
1895:
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1726:
1519:
1436:
1394:
Once the procession arrives at the church, the coffin is placed either in the center of the
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843:
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498:
217:
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La rémunération du travail inhérent aux fonctions spirituelles et la simonie de droit divin
1105:), is placed upon the dead layman's head. This consists of a strip of paper upon which the
1014:
prayer. Following this, "A Service of Committal" takes place in the graveyard or cemetery.
1006:, and celebration of the Eucharist, as well as the Commendation. The Commendation contains
2860:, Platina, Calif.: Saint Herman of Alaska Brotherhood (published 1995), pp. 190–193,
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2165:
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1815:
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810:
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An Orthodox priest being carried to the cemetery on the shoulders of his brother priests.
664:. Throughout the prayers, certain omissions are made. For example, each psalm ends with
2001:
1963:
1880:
1771:
1722:
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is laid upon his breast (a similar practice was found in the West in the early Spanish
1293:
1281:
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1062:
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713:
428:
326:
306:
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2038:). A large cross is erected in the center of the cemetery. The ritual begins with the
1973:
For close relatives, the mourning period usually lasts for a year. During this period
1227:
1057:
When an Orthodox Christian is preparing for death, the priest comes to hear the final
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2013:
1967:
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is repeated. As the body is placed "in the middle of the church," the responsorial
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of the Dead is one of the most moving portions of the service. It is linked to the
1420:
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758:
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of the saints. Furthermore, the bodies of Christians were considered to have been
182:
1427:
Throughout the service, upon a table close to the coffin stands a dish containing
1348:
invite all who pass by to pray for the deceased and give comfort to the bereaved.
750:. However, the absolution of the dead remains part of the funeral service of the
17:
2814:
Euchologion sive Rituale Graecorum complectens ritus et ordines divinae liturgiae
2642:
2280:
2026:
1997:
1946:). But Christians are taught not to grieve "even as others which have no hope" (
1594:
1566:
1558:
1368:
1316:
1297:
1197:
1134:
1046:
966:(1965) specifies that "Funeral Services of church members should be held in the
405:
401:
365:
342:
318:
74:
2631:. Board of Publication, The Methodist Protestant Church. 2020. p. 109-115.
1962:, which will determine the state of the soul until its reunification with the
1387:. Bells may be rung during the procession, though they are not required by the
800:
2752:, Englewood, N.J.: Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese, pp. 360, ff
2149:
1990:
1799:
1614:
1344:
1269:
1170:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1085:
1070:
921:
896:
Protestant burial services and rituals vary enormously between denominations.
783:
762:
743:
705:
649:
527:
448:
159:
135:
62:
2299:
2245:
2098:
2005:
1974:
1923:
1919:
1807:
1730:
1680:
1668:
1610:
1580:
1570:
1471:
1384:
1361:
1328:
1311:
dies, he is vested by the clergy in his full episcopal vestments, including
1261:
1257:
1236:
1189:
1154:
1126:
1106:
1066:
1003:
967:
868:
827:
770:
599:
532:
464:
358:
334:
288:
213:
127:
78:
66:
38:
1683:(memorial services) which are conducted both before and after the funeral:
1264:
he will usually be clothed in his monastic habit and be vested only in his
602:
at the beginning of the twelfth century, and its symbolism is discussed by
412:
216:
was an essential feature in the last solemn rites. These writings include:
1958:
important, because it is believed that on that day the soul undergoes the
1871:
2750:
Service Book of the Holy Orthodox-Catholic Apostolic Church (2nd Edition)
2093:
1951:
1718:
1626:
1554:
1509:
1324:
928:
provides a liturgy, with various parts, titled "The Burial of the Dead".
669:
564:
452:
354:
198:
1028:
485:
134:
distinctly favoring cremation by the time Christianity arose during the
2476:
2103:
1915:
1884:
1642:
1638:
1622:
1562:
1501:
Throughout the entire service, everyone holds lighted candles, and the
1467:
1459:
1399:
1380:
1357:
1356:
For Orthodox Christians the wake consists of continuous reading of the
1205:
1174:
1162:
1138:
987:
721:
665:
436:
330:
221:
190:
139:
2693:
Understanding Prayer for the Dead: Its Foundation in History and Logic
1084:
Immediately after death, a unique memorial service, called the "First
57:
of a deceased person with specifically Christian rites; typically, in
2276:
1903:
1803:
1779:
1652:
1590:
1502:
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1428:
1388:
1340:
1308:
1289:
1253:
1249:
1217:
1178:
1166:
1122:
1114:
1101:
877:
814:
742:
The absolution of the dead was removed from the ordinary form of the
641:
338:
337:, and thus were to be treated with dignity and respect, as befits a "
314:
272:
202:
123:
107:
103:
54:
1273:
1241:
1778:) three times, to a slow and solemn melody. If the deceased has a
782:
is sung while the priest incenses the coffin and sprinkles it with
2126:
2061:
1942:
is understood as a manifestation of the fullness of his humanity (
1899:
1870:
1811:
1789:
1672:
1634:
1630:
1514:
1494:
1312:
1226:
1209:
1027:
971:
867:
In principle, there was no fee for Christian burial. According to
818:
617:
546:
509:
484:
393:
322:
302:
262:
178:
151:
147:
115:
97:
1505:
is swung by the deacon or priest throughout much of the service.
1439:. A taper is placed in the kolyva and is lit during the service.
1323:. After the vesting the bishop is set upright in a chair and the
1907:
1641:(litany) for the Dead. Each verse of the Psalm is followed by a
1395:
1277:
1221:
1185:
1118:
1110:
786:. The prayer for absolution is said by the priest, and then the
701:
Today, giving candles to the congregation is hardly ever done.
1486:
of the Divine Liturgy. The funeral service is called in Greek,
313:, pagan authorities erroneously thought they could destroy the
1618:
974:". The casket or coffin is traditionally covered with a white
834:
In the Tridentine tradition, the priest intones the antiphon "
2361:, London: George E. Eyre and Andrew Spottiswoode, p. 448
1512:
is sung as part of the service, with special funeral verses.
1339:
After the clothing of the deceased, the priest sprinkles the
842:
is recited or sung. Then the antiphon is repeated again, the
1844:
Upon arriving at the grave, the Panikhida is again chanted.
838:", after which the coffin is lowered into the grave and the
2506:, Roma, Libreria Editrice dell'Università Gregoriana, 1969
773:
due for sins which were forgiven during the person's life.
42:
2517:
The Work of the Dead. A cultural history of mortal remains
1929:
The Orthodox burial rite is discussed in several sources.
1601:
Important features of the funeral service are as follows:
1508:
Because death is not defeat for a faithful Christian, the
1133:
is placed in the right hand; or, alternately, a cross. A
81:
alike, and this is rapidly becoming more common, although
2769:, vol. XVI, No. 2 (November, 1995), pp. 2–4, 24
1850:
As the body is lowered into the grave, the choir chants:
559:
As they leave the house, the priest intones the antiphon
2792:, vol. XVI, No. 9 (June, 1996), pp. 6–7, 13–16
2763:
A Nun of the Orthodox Church, "Let's Talk About Death",
1996:
The departed are also commemorated regularly during the
1875:
Syrian bishop seated in state at his funeral (ca. 1945).
1859:
Then the priest takes a shovelful of dirt and makes the
859:
In the post-Vatican II rite, the prayers are different.
960:.The Order for the Burial of the Dead in the Methodist
162:
and from the stress laid upon the analogy between the
2880:
2519:, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2015, p. 153
1482:
The funeral will usually begin immediately after the
1360:
aloud, interrupted only by the occasional serving of
1018:
Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic burial ritual
686:
As in the case of the Office, the Mass for the Dead (
587:'s "Diary". Burchard was the master of ceremonies to
1573:(priest-monks) are buried using the monastic ritual.
1589:—Because of the joy and extraordinary grace of the
1220:will be placed backwards over his head so that the
1196:and a prayer rope placed in his hands. If he was a
792:is sung while the body is carried from the church.
2254:. Vol. III. New York: Robert Appleton Company
1470:(litany) for the departed, and at the end another
1188:'s body is prepared by one of his brethren in the
267:15th-century monastic funeral procession entering
2308:, vol. IV, New York: Robert Appleton Company
1867:The earth is the Lord's and the fullness thereof.
89:History and antecedents of Christian burial rites
551:Funeral procession from the "Healing Window" at
299:the method of disposition inherited from Judaism
2885:rusneb.ru - Национальная электронная библиотека
2598:
2596:
1075:Office at the Parting of the Soul from the Body
1024:Memorial service in the Eastern Orthodox Church
908:stipulates that pastors preside over funerals.
297:) of antiquity. Burial was always preferred as
2647:. Methodist Publishing House. 1964. p. 32
1926:as the body is being carried to the cemetery.
1224:covers his face. Nuns are similarly arrayed.
69:because it interfered with the concept of the
2607:. Hymns Ancient and Modern Ltd. p. 224.
2437:The Oxford Handbok of Anglo-Saxon Archaeology
1435:)—and honey—symbolic of the sweetness of the
8:
1036:, an Orthodox Christian in Lazarev Cemetery.
102:Fourth-century Christian burial depicted in
2881:"НЭБ - Национальная электронная библиотека"
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
1522:during the burial of an Orthodox priest in
880:. Nevertheless, since the beginning of the
275:. The coffin is covered by a blue and gold
2488:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
1621:: Psalm 119) is chanted. In the Orthodox
990:, Psalm, New Testament Reading, Alleluia,
435:) consisting in the chanting of the whole
2695:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 51.
2605:New SCM Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship
970:. The casket should be placed before the
720:of the Roman Rite, the funeral Mass is a
2469:Handbuch der Katholischen Liturgik, etc.
2293:
2291:
2289:
1770:After the last kiss, the choir chants, "
1410:
986:, such as the Entrance, Opening Prayer,
799:
150:as performing burial: "And buried him (
29:
2471:, vol. II, Freiburg, p. 529,
2114:
1741:At the end of the funeral service, the
1699:the song: Alleluia! Alleluia! Alleluia!
1609:Right at the beginning of the funeral,
1315:. As each vestment is placed on him, a
373:promulgated a law which excommunicated
2743:
2741:
2481:
2455:Circa obligationem Officii Defunctorum
2359:Ancient Laws and Institutes of England
625:Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry
2667:"A Service of Death and Resurrection"
1593:season, any funeral performed during
936:Methodist denominations, such as the
520:St. Patrick's Old Cathedral, New York
463:The medieval ritual also included an
122:The Greeks and Romans practiced both
7:
2135:, II, 92, 795); cf. Minucius Felix,
2012:, these particles are placed in the
1375:Conveyance of the Body to the Church
1244:has not yet been laid over his face.
1099:A crown (sometimes referred to as a
506:Conveyance of the body to the church
1902:would be removed, and his monastic
1117:is printed on it as well. A small
994:, Sermon, Recitation of one of the
963:Book of Worship for Church and Home
142:only ever buried their dead. Even
1717:After the canon, the choir chants
1474:will be served around the coffin.
1240:can be seen to the right, but the
1232:Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens
1077:, which consists of prayers and a
836:I am the Resurrection and the Life
25:
2826:Al. Dmitrieoski (1895–1901), Kiev
2786:"A Question About Open Coffins",
1088:" is celebrated. After this, the
1065:, if the dying one is conscious (
946:Methodist Church of Great Britain
439:beside the dead man at his home.
205:, in his account of the death of
2587:Anglican Church in North America
2248:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2233:
1814:of the "Great Canon" written by
1651:, which is based upon a similar
1204:-monk he will be wrapped in his
926:Anglican Church in North America
493:, Queen consort of England, 1394
2909:by a Nun of the Orthodox Church
2539:Lutheran Church - International
2060:Throughout the Middle Ages the
1906:placed on his head so that the
1450:Divine Liturgy for the departed
1272:). His face is covered with an
1040:The full burial service of the
1010:, including a variation of the
906:Lutheran Church - International
640:The second stage is a cycle of
283:is being dug in the foreground.
220:’s detailed description of the
85:still mostly forbid cremation.
2629:Methodist Protestant Discipine
2423:Rationale divinorum officiorum
1863:with it in the grave, saying:
1745:of the deceased will read the
475:Western Catholic burial ritual
110:of San Vittore in ciel d'oro,
35:Ascension Parish Burial Ground
1:
2929:Christian worship and liturgy
2915:by Funeral Services Singapore
1918:, or who will be voluntarily
1891:traditional Orthodox manner.
1879:If the deceased received the
1828:Russian Orthodox bell ringing
1679:. It is also chanted during
1415:Monastic funeral service for
1181:is placed in his right hand.
1109:is written, and sometimes an
1073:). The priest then reads the
2467:Thalhofer, Valentin (1912),
1524:Sretensky Monastery (Moscow)
1192:. He will be clothed in his
851:Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
704:In the ordinary form of the
660:The prayers offered are the
232:’s references to his mother
2396:Life of St. Hugh of Lincoln
1713:Hymns of St. John Damascene
1454:In some Slavic traditions,
950:Methodist Protestant Church
938:Methodist Protestant Church
776:During the absolution, the
415:, addressed to the clergy:
146:himself is depicted in the
2960:
2854:Seraphim (Rose), Hieromonk
2603:Bradshaw, Paul F. (2013).
2344:, Lib. III, Tit. vi, c. i.
2244:Thurston, Herbert (1908).
2020:Consecration of a Cemetery
1825:
1802:forms, with the cross and
1721:that were composed by St.
1625:this is known as the 17th
1069:is not a part of Orthodox
1021:
735:
696:et lux perpetua luceat eis
679:
478:
385:
27:Religious funeral practice
2913:Christian Funeral Rituals
2816:, Paris, pp. 423 sqq
2375:, Milan, 1905, I, 67 sqq.
2305:The Catholic Encyclopedia
2040:Lesser Blessing of Waters
1786:Ceremony at the graveside
1292:) are covered during the
1157:he will be vested in his
1145:, he will be vested in a
831:graveside is very brief.
796:Ceremony by the graveside
333:and the reception of the
112:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
94:Early historical evidence
83:Eastern Orthodox Churches
2748:Hapgood, Isabel (1922),
2721:"A Service of Committal"
2691:Gould, James B. (2016).
2298:Devlin, William (1908),
1234:laid in his coffin. His
269:Old St. Paul's Cathedral
250:Dionysius the Areopagite
164:resurrection of the body
132:Roman funerary practices
71:resurrection of a corpse
2725:Discipleship Ministries
2671:Discipleship Ministries
2384:Magistretti, ib., I, 70
1810:, the clergy chant the
1557:are chanted in all the
1333:Eis polla eti, Despota!
1248:The body of a deceased
1042:Eastern Orthodox Church
1000:prayers of the faithful
942:United Methodist Church
239:Apostolic Constitutions
2939:Christianity and death
2907:Let's Talk About Death
2579:The Burial of the Dead
2435:Welch, Martin (2011).
2079:Veneration of the dead
2052:Burial confraternities
1876:
1869:
1857:
1795:
1701:
1692:
1527:
1424:
1407:Ceremony in the Church
1260:(however, if he was a
1245:
1037:
980:resurrection of Christ
853:
822:
748:Second Vatican Council
738:Absolution of the dead
637:
614:Ceremony in the church
556:
523:
494:
489:Funeral procession of
481:Roman Catholic funeral
425:
284:
168:Resurrection of Christ
119:
65:generally objected to
46:
2557:The Church of England
2451:Antonio Maria Ceriani
2325:Marcus Minucius Felix
2251:Catholic Encyclopedia
2139:, xi (P.L., III, 266)
2084:Fate of the unlearned
1874:
1865:
1852:
1793:
1693:
1685:
1629:, and is the longest
1553:, but rather special
1518:
1414:
1230:
1031:
988:Old Testament Reading
848:
803:
621:
563:, and then the psalm
550:
518:prepared for burial,
513:
499:Roman Catholic Church
488:
417:
347:1 Corinthians 3:16–17
266:
101:
61:. Until recent times
33:
2858:The Soul After Death
2541:. 2022. p. 2-3.
2408:Hildebert of Tours,
1989:It is customary for
1948:1 Thessalonians 4:13
1747:Prayer of Absolution
1657:General Resurrection
882:Western Christianity
767:Sacrament of Penance
553:Canterbury Cathedral
242:(Book VII), and the
218:St. Gregory of Nyssa
177:In the light of the
2515:Thomas W. Laqueur,
2502:Cf. Alfred Nothum,
2394:Thurston, Herbert,
2373:Manuale Ambrosianum
1960:Particular Judgment
1816:St. Andrew of Crete
1659:are tied together.
1008:prayer for the dead
840:Canticle Benedictus
622:A Funeral Service,
453:Archbishop Lanfranc
309:. During times of
301:and the example of
291:and to the usages (
245:Celestial Hierarchy
207:St. Paul the Hermit
172:1 Corinthians 15:42
2439:. pp. 280–81.
2421:Guillaume Durand,
2412:(P.L., CLXXI, 896)
2246:"Christian Burial"
1910:covered his face.
1877:
1796:
1528:
1425:
1246:
1129:or the deceased's
1038:
892:Protestant burials
886:churching of women
873:Ecumenical council
823:
718:Extraordinary Form
662:Office of the Dead
638:
589:Pope Innocent VIII
561:Exsultabunt Domino
557:
536:with the antiphon
524:
495:
371:Pope Boniface VIII
285:
195:Second Temple Jews
120:
59:consecrated ground
47:
18:Christian cemetery
2837:Gregory the Great
2132:Patrologia Latina
1861:Sign of the Cross
1423:Anastasi (Popov).
1276:, the liturgical
1149:. If he had been
996:ecumenical creeds
932:Methodist funeral
918:Church of England
779:Libera me, Domine
676:Mass for the Dead
593:Pope Alexander VI
16:(Redirected from
2951:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2833:
2827:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2745:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2584:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2536:
2531:The Constitution
2526:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2487:
2479:
2464:
2458:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2432:
2426:
2419:
2413:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2376:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2355:Thorpe, Benjamin
2351:
2345:
2338:
2332:
2331:(P.L., III, 362)
2322:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2295:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2170:
2146:
2140:
2119:
1822:Tolling of bells
1776:Vyechnaya pamyat
1743:spiritual father
1520:Cross procession
1437:Heavenly Kingdom
978:symbolizing the
958:Revelation 14:13
912:Anglican funeral
900:Lutheran funeral
806:Burial at Ornans
688:Missa de Requiem
666:Requiem aeternam
608:Leighton Buzzard
604:Guillaume Durand
600:Bishop Hildebert
429:Ambrosian ritual
427:In the earliest
421:haethenan sangas
51:Christian burial
21:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2919:
2918:
2903:
2898:
2889:
2887:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2868:
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2834:
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2808:
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2795:
2793:
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2770:
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2757:
2747:
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2739:
2729:
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2719:
2718:
2714:
2703:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2514:
2510:
2501:
2497:
2480:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2420:
2416:
2407:
2403:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2370:
2366:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2340:Boniface VIII,
2339:
2335:
2323:
2319:
2311:
2309:
2297:
2296:
2287:
2270:
2266:
2257:
2255:
2243:
2234:
2232:
2173:
2166:De civitate Dei
2147:
2143:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2075:
2054:
2022:
1987:
1935:
1933:Mourning period
1883:(Sacrament) of
1830:
1788:
1725:. According to
1565:monks, and for
1480:
1478:Funeral service
1452:
1409:
1377:
1354:
1280:with which the
1214:swaddling bands
1212:, but also the
1055:
1049:(Easter week).
1026:
1020:
934:
914:
902:
894:
865:
811:Gustave Courbet
798:
752:Tridentine Mass
740:
734:
710:Mass of Paul VI
684:
678:
668:instead of the
658:
616:
585:Johann Burchard
508:
491:Anne of Bohemia
483:
477:
461:
445:
406:monastic orders
390:
388:Wake (ceremony)
384:
138:. However, the
96:
91:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2957:
2955:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2910:
2902:
2901:External links
2899:
2897:
2896:
2872:
2866:
2845:
2828:
2819:
2801:
2778:
2755:
2737:
2712:
2702:978-1532606014
2701:
2683:
2658:
2634:
2620:
2614:978-0334049326
2613:
2592:
2569:
2544:
2521:
2508:
2495:
2459:
2442:
2427:
2414:
2401:
2386:
2377:
2364:
2346:
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2285:
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2002:Divine Liturgy
1986:
1983:
1964:glorified body
1954:" many times.
1934:
1931:
1881:Sacred Mystery
1842:
1841:
1826:Main article:
1824:
1823:
1787:
1784:
1772:Memory Eternal
1768:
1767:
1766:Memory Eternal
1755:
1754:
1739:
1738:
1723:John Damascene
1715:
1714:
1706:Doctor Zhivago
1665:
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1456:Divine Liturgy
1451:
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1376:
1373:
1353:
1350:
1321:Divine Liturgy
1294:Divine Liturgy
1282:Holy Mysteries
1194:monastic habit
1165:. A deceased
1090:body is washed
1063:Holy Communion
1054:
1051:
1022:Main article:
1019:
1016:
992:Gospel Reading
933:
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736:Main article:
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644:, the funeral
628:, Folio 199v.
615:
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538:Si iniquitates
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305:burial in the
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2371:Magistretti,
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2275:1:21; 12:12;
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2240:public domain
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2161:St. Augustine
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1968:Second Coming
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1774:" (Slavonic:
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1759:kiss of peace
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844:Lord's Prayer
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52:
44:
40:
36:
32:
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2944:Sacramentals
2888:. Retrieved
2884:
2875:
2857:
2848:
2840:
2831:
2822:
2813:
2804:
2794:, retrieved
2789:The Shepherd
2788:
2781:
2771:, retrieved
2766:The Shepherd
2765:
2758:
2749:
2728:. Retrieved
2715:
2706:
2692:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2643:
2637:
2628:
2623:
2604:
2578:
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2547:
2530:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2503:
2498:
2468:
2462:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2430:
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2395:
2389:
2380:
2372:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2341:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2310:, retrieved
2303:
2267:
2256:. Retrieved
2249:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2136:
2130:
2122:
2121:Tertullian,
2117:
2089:Funerary art
2067:
2059:
2055:
2047:
2044:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2010:consecration
1995:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1956:
1936:
1928:
1912:
1893:
1889:
1878:
1866:
1858:
1853:
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1843:
1833:
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1797:
1775:
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1702:
1695:
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1686:
1666:
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1567:hierodeacons
1546:
1540:
1534:
1529:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1453:
1444:funeral pall
1441:
1426:
1421:Archmandrite
1393:
1378:
1366:
1355:
1338:
1332:
1306:
1301:
1247:
1235:
1202:Megaloschema
1183:
1131:patron saint
1100:
1098:
1083:
1074:
1067:Holy Unction
1056:
1039:
1034:Sergei Witte
1012:Eternal Rest
961:
935:
915:
903:
895:
866:
858:
854:
849:
835:
833:
824:
804:
789:In paradisum
787:
777:
775:
759:Requiem Mass
756:
741:
726:
703:
700:
695:
692:
687:
685:
682:Requiem Mass
670:Gloria Patri
659:
639:
623:
597:
581:
577:
575:is recited.
572:
568:
560:
558:
542:
537:
533:De profundis
531:
525:
497:The various
496:
462:
446:
432:
426:
420:
418:
410:
404:, among the
399:
391:
374:
363:
292:
286:
256:
254:
243:
237:
211:
188:
183:resurrection
176:
121:
50:
48:
2300:"Cremation"
2281:2 Maccabees
2027:Euchologion
1998:Proskomedie
1648:Evlogitaria
1617:numbering;
1595:Bright Week
1559:eight tones
1398:or, if the
1369:Gospel Book
1317:Protodeacon
1298:Gospel Book
1198:Stavrophore
1135:prayer rope
1047:Bright Week
863:Burial fees
630:Musée Condé
569:Exsultabunt
516:John Hughes
514:Archbishop
402:Middle Ages
366:Middle Ages
364:During the
343:Holy Spirit
319:desecration
311:persecution
226:St. Macrina
156:Deuteronomy
75:Protestants
2923:Categories
2890:2022-12-10
2867:093863514X
2843:IV: 57, 60
2796:2008-01-08
2773:2008-01-08
2477:B000IUXNYM
2312:2008-01-08
2258:2008-01-04
2150:Tertullian
2110:References
2006:prosphoron
1991:almsgiving
1975:Panikhidas
1944:John 11:35
1800:procession
1737:Absolution
1688:Kontakion:
1681:panikhidas
1615:Septuagint
1571:hieromonks
1492:, meaning
1433:John 12:24
1362:Panikhidas
1345:holy water
1270:epimanikia
1171:sticharion
1159:sticharion
1147:sticharion
1102:phylactery
1086:Pannikhida
1071:last rites
1059:confession
984:Lord's Day
954:John 11:25
922:last rites
784:holy water
763:absolution
744:Roman Rite
732:Absolution
716:. In the
706:Roman Rite
680:See also:
650:absolution
528:holy water
449:Absolution
443:Absolution
375:ipso facto
335:sacraments
327:sanctified
279:, and the
234:St. Monica
203:St. Jerome
199:idolatrous
160:Tertullian
136:Principate
63:Christians
2841:Dialogues
2835:Pope St.
2553:"Funeral"
2425:, VII, 35
2123:De Corona
2099:Cremation
1985:Offerings
1924:Trisagion
1896:Byzantine
1840:Committal
1808:Trisagion
1753:Last kiss
1731:Octoechos
1727:tradition
1669:Kontakion
1663:Kontakion
1611:Psalm 118
1605:Psalm 118
1581:preachers
1555:antiphons
1489:Pannychis
1484:dismissal
1472:Panikhida
1385:Trisagion
1329:trikirion
1296:. Also a
1262:hieromonk
1258:vestments
1237:paterissa
1190:monastery
1155:Subdeacon
1127:Theotokos
1107:Trisagion
1094:Acts 9:37
1061:and give
1053:Ablutions
1032:Grave of
1004:offertory
968:sanctuary
869:Canon Law
828:mausoleum
771:purgatory
634:Chantilly
573:Subvenite
465:offertory
459:Offertory
359:sacrilege
289:canon law
214:Eucharist
128:cremation
79:Catholics
67:cremation
39:Cambridge
2856:(1980),
2812:(1647),
2730:27 March
2676:27 March
2651:25 March
2484:citation
2410:Sermones
2357:(1840),
2329:Octavius
2155:De Animâ
2137:Octavius
2094:Cemetery
2073:See also
2032:Slavonic
1952:Alleluia
1920:cremated
1719:stichera
1627:Kathisma
1563:tonsured
1541:Children
1510:Alleluia
1325:dikirion
1177:, and a
1151:ordained
1139:tonsured
944:and the
565:Miserere
433:vigilioe
394:watching
382:The wake
355:apostasy
257:Ordinals
166:and the
2589:. 2019.
2279:38:16;
2242::
2169:, I, 13
2104:Requiem
2036:Trebnik
2014:chalice
2000:of the
1966:at the
1940:Lazarus
1916:suicide
1894:In the
1885:Unction
1834:Perebor
1804:banners
1653:Paschal
1643:refrain
1639:Ektenia
1633:in the
1623:Psalter
1591:Paschal
1587:Paschal
1577:Priests
1569:. Some
1468:ektenia
1460:Epistle
1400:narthex
1389:rubrics
1381:banners
1358:Psalter
1307:When a
1302:Ordinal
1286:chalice
1206:mandyas
1175:orarion
1163:orarion
1113:of the
924:). The
916:In the
809:(1850,
765:of the
722:Requiem
656:Prayers
642:prayers
522:, 1864.
469:in kind
437:Psalter
400:In the
341:of the
331:baptism
321:of the
315:martyrs
222:funeral
191:ossuary
181:of the
130:, with
106:at the
53:is the
2864:
2699:
2611:
2562:19 May
2475:
2277:Sirach
2062:guilds
1904:klobuk
1780:shroud
1696:Ikhos:
1535:Laymen
1503:censer
1464:Gospel
1429:kolyva
1417:Schema
1341:coffin
1309:bishop
1254:bishop
1250:priest
1218:klobuk
1179:censer
1167:deacon
1143:Reader
1125:, the
1123:Christ
1115:Deesis
878:Simony
815:Louvre
648:, and
413:Ælfric
339:Temple
323:relics
303:Jesus'
294:praxis
273:London
236:, the
124:burial
108:Shrine
104:relief
55:burial
2583:(PDF)
2535:(PDF)
2283:12:39
2273:Tobit
2127:Migne
1900:mitre
1812:Irmoi
1677:Canon
1673:Ikhos
1635:Bible
1631:psalm
1551:canon
1547:Monks
1495:vigil
1343:with
1313:mitre
1290:paten
1210:cross
1141:as a
1079:canon
972:altar
819:Paris
708:(the
281:grave
179:dogma
152:Moses
148:Torah
116:Milan
2862:ISBN
2732:2017
2697:ISBN
2678:2017
2653:2017
2609:ISBN
2564:2024
2490:link
2473:ASIN
2457:, 9.
2449:Cf.
2271:Cf.
2157:, LV
2148:cf.
2125:(in
1908:veil
1855:own.
1667:The
1462:and
1396:nave
1352:Wake
1327:and
1288:and
1278:veil
1268:and
1222:veil
1186:monk
1173:and
1161:and
1119:icon
1111:icon
976:pall
956:and
904:The
714:pall
646:Mass
591:and
447:The
351:6:19
307:tomb
277:pall
140:Jews
126:and
77:and
1619:KJV
1304:).
1274:Aër
1252:or
1242:Aër
1200:or
1121:of
1096:).
357:or
345:" (
329:by
248:of
224:of
174:).
144:God
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2883:.
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2740:^
2723:.
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2669:.
2595:^
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