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By 1967 the
Indianapolis Clowns were the last Negro league team still playing. The Clowns continued to play exhibition games into the 1980s, but as a humorous sideshow rather than a competitive sport. After many years of operation as a barnstorming team, the Clowns finally disbanded in 1989.
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The Clowns were the first professional baseball team to hire a female player to a long-term contract that was not voided soon after. In an effort to replace Hank Aaron, who had left the team the previous year, the Clowns hired
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530:
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183:. Tracing their origins back to the 1930s, the Clowns were the last of the Negro league teams to disband, continuing to play exhibition games into the 1980s. They began play as the independent
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was instrumental in promoting and popularizing the Clowns and developed them into a nationally-known combination of show business and baseball that earned them the designation as the
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to his first professional contract, at $ 200 a month. Aaron played about three months as the Clowns' shortstop and cleanup hitter before being acquired by the
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Statues of Toni Stone, Hank Aaron, and Mamie
Johnson in the Riley Children's Health Sports Legends Experience at the Indianapolis Children's Museum.
531:"Class Clowns The Indianapolis Clowns Have A Rich Place In Buffalo Baseball History; For Example, Hank Aaron Was "Discovered" At Offermann Stadium"
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While still fielding a legitimate team, the Clowns also toured with several members known for comic acts — sort of a baseball version of the
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254:, beginning a 12-year membership in the circuit before withdrawing following the 1954 season. The team operated between Cincinnati and
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in 1944 and 1945 before officially moving to
Indianapolis in 1946, playing as the Indianapolis Clowns for the rest of their existence.
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408:. Women also served as umpires for the team; notably, former Chicago model Nancy Miller, was the first female umpire in pro ball.
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was a Clown for a short period, and the Clowns were also one of the first professional baseball teams to hire a female player.
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to play second base with the team in 1953, in which she batted .243. The following year the Clowns sold her contract to the
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Pollack, Alan J. (Author), James A Riley (Editor), "Barnstorming to Heaven: Syd
Pollock and His Great Black Teams",
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404:, who would go on to record a record of 33-8 while batting between .262 to .284 on the team, and second baseman
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Neil
Lanctot, "Negro League Baseball: The Rise and Ruin of a Black Institution." U. Penn. Press, 2004, p. 108.
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301:, in 1951, while retaining the Indianapolis Clowns name. The Clowns left Buffalo after the 1955 season.
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60:
632:– James A. Riley. Publisher: Chelsea House, 1996. Format: Paperback, 124pp. Language: English.
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Before becoming the
Ethiopian Clowns, there is evidence indicating that the team was formed in
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Years in parentheses are years as a full member in the Negro
American League. Years as an
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National
Association of Colored Baseball Clubs of the United States and Cuba (1907–1909)
223:, in 1935 or 1936 by Hunter Campbell and bootlegger Johnny Pierce, and was known as the
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Some are called Clowns: A season with the last of the great barnstorming baseball teams
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100:
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94:
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896:
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285:. As the Negro leagues declined in the late 1940s after the integration of
250:, where they became the Cincinnati Clowns. That same year they joined the
693:
Negro League
Baseball Players Association website – 1940 Ethiopian Clowns
490:
Staff writer (April 10, 1941). "Kansas City
Monarchs Tackle Ethiopians".
368:
176:
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580:
39:
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International League of Independent Professional Base Ball Clubs (1906)
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434:, is loosely based on the barnstorming of the Indianapolis Clowns.
343:, Hubert "Big Daddy" Wooten, DeWitt "Woody" Smallwood, showman and
312:
260:
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1218:
977:
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tours into the 1960s. The team relocated from Indianapolis to
269:
The team won the league championship in 1951, 1952, and 1954.
27:
Former professional baseball team in the Negro American League
630:
The Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues
195:
and, after a couple of years, relocated to Indianapolis.
698:
Negro Leagues Baseball Museum – Syd Pollock Biography
929:
The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings
419:
The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings
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807:
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122:
109:
88:
78:
51:
46:
32:
1340:Indianapolis ABCs (II)/New Orleans–St. Louis Stars
603:A Strong Arm: The Story of Mamie "Peanut" Johnson
1679:Southern League of Colored Base Ballists (1886)
235:, shortening its name to the Ethiopian Clowns.
1541:List of Negro league baseball postseason games
1365:Detroit Stars/Clowns/Detroit–New Orleans Stars
1819:Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 1989
1453:
1262:Atlanta Black Crackers/Indianapolis ABCs (IV)
1230:
718:
556:The Center for Negro League Baseball Research
400:. They hired two women replacements: Pitcher
8:
1751:West Coast Negro Baseball Association (1946)
683:The Indianapolis Clowns: Clowns of Baseball
207:For a list of annual win-loss records, see
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605:. New York: Dial Books for Young Readers.
38:
29:
688:Great History Blog – The Ethiopian Clowns
1839:African-American history of Indianapolis
1684:National Colored Base Ball League (1887)
1286:Cincinnati/Cleveland/Louisville Buckeyes
443:
1804:Sports clubs and teams in Indianapolis
1756:Negro American Association (1948–1949)
449:
447:
1844:Baseball teams disestablished in 1989
1316:Jacksonville Red Caps/Cleveland Bears
985:
289:, the Clowns continued operations on
7:
549:"History of the Indianapolis Clowns"
309:Hank Aaron and other notable players
506:"Pennant for the Cincinnati Clowns"
323:Indianapolis Clowns all-time roster
321:For a more comprehensive list, see
246:In 1943, the team was relocated to
209:List of Indianapolis Clowns seasons
1814:Baseball teams established in 1935
25:
1829:Defunct baseball teams in Florida
1809:Defunct baseball teams in Indiana
1761:Negro American League (1951–1960)
1746:Negro Southern League (1945–1951)
1720:Negro American Association (1939)
1710:Negro Southern League (1920–1936)
1246:Negro American League (1937–1962)
529:Graham, Tim (22 September 2004).
339:The Clowns fielded such stars as
231:. The team became an independent
1730:United States League (1945–1946)
1715:Texas Colored League (1919–1931)
1515:Negro leaguers who played in MLB
1195:
1194:
1834:1930s establishments in Florida
1304:Cincinnati/Indianapolis Clowns
766:Indianapolis–Cincinnati Clowns
155:Cincinnati–Indianapolis Clowns
18:Cincinnati-Indianapolis Clowns
1:
1310:Toledo/Indianapolis Crawfords
113:
87:
351:, and future Major Leaguers
328:By 1952, Syd Pollock signed
1854:Sports in Buffalo, New York
1799:Negro league baseball teams
1178:· 1966 · 1967 · 1968 · 1969
601:Green, Michelle Y. (2002).
336:organization for $ 10,000.
57:Independent (c. 1930s–1941)
1870:
1658:Negro National League (II)
1565:International competitions
1510:First black players in MLB
1389:New Orleans Crescent Stars
1383:Mobile Havana Cuban Giants
1371:Houston/New Orleans Eagles
320:
265:Cincinnati Clowns Pennant
206:
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1725:Negro Major League (1942)
1653:Negro Southern League (I)
1633:Negro National League (I)
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1190:
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37:
1546:List of league champions
575:NLBPA (April 21, 2007).
492:The Philadelphia Tribune
1824:Baseball teams in Miami
1556:East–West All-Star Game
1274:Chicago American Giants
1268:Birmingham Black Barons
579:. NLBPA. Archived from
510:Smithsonian Institution
227:, and, by 1941, as the
72:Independent (1956–1962)
1849:Baseball in Cincinnati
1638:Eastern Colored League
1593:List of teams by state
1359:Baltimore Elite Giants
1298:Indianapolis Athletics
1270:(1937–1938, 1940–1962)
460:Negro Leagues Database
402:Mamie "Peanut" Johnson
318:
266:
1663:Negro American League
1643:American Negro League
1469:Negro league baseball
958:Negro American League
877:Negro American League
781:Indianapolis, Indiana
456:"Indianapolis Clowns"
357:Kansas City Athletics
316:
287:Major League Baseball
264:
252:Negro American League
229:Miami Ethiopian Clown
189:Negro American League
181:Negro American League
83:Indianapolis, Indiana
67:Negro American League
1334:St. Louis Stars (II)
1322:Kansas City Monarchs
398:Kansas City Monarchs
279:Harlem Globetrotters
241:Harlem Globetrotters
175:were a professional
1377:Louisville Clippers
1292:Detroit Stars (III)
865:League affiliations
735:Indianapolis Clowns
365:Washington Senators
345:Harlem Globetrotter
173:Indianapolis Clowns
161:Indianapolis Clowns
33:Indianapolis Clowns
1603:minor league teams
1598:major league teams
1551:Negro World Series
1407:Philadelphia Stars
872:Negro Major League
428:Billy Dee Williams
319:
283:Joe "Prince" Henry
267:
61:Negro Major League
1786:
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1610:Timeline of teams
1435:
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1280:Cincinnati Tigers
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840:Offermann Stadium
773:Buffalo, New York
762:Cincinnati Clowns
612:978-0-8037-2661-1
583:on April 16, 2007
377:Choo-Choo Coleman
299:Buffalo, New York
295:Offermann Stadium
233:barnstorming club
193:Cincinnati Clowns
169:
168:
149:Cincinnati Clowns
16:(Redirected from
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1739:Post-integration
1648:East–West League
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1577:Serie Monumental
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1350:Post-integration
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904:(basketball HoF)
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789:Cincinnati, Ohio
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758:Ethiopian Clowns
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424:James Earl Jones
412:Cinematic legacy
185:Ethiopian Clowns
143:Ethiopian Clowns
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1483:List of players
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1401:New York Cubans
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1253:Pre-integration
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644:Further reading
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462:. Seamheads.com
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649:Heward, Bill.
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341:Buster Haywood
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940:Goose Tatum
935:Syd Pollock
902:Goose Tatum
748:1930s–1960s
422:, starring
237:Syd Pollock
163:(1948–1962)
157:(1944–1947)
131:Nickname(s)
110:Established
103:(1943-1947)
97:(1944-1948)
69:(1943–1955)
47:Information
1793:Categories
1520:Color line
897:Hank Aaron
852:Cincinnati
587:2007-04-21
561:2014-09-20
515:2021-11-12
438:References
394:Toni Stone
353:John Wyatt
330:Hank Aaron
248:Cincinnati
197:Hank Aaron
139:(c. 1930s)
829:Ballparks
808:Franchise
769:Based in
746:Operated
466:15 August
123:Disbanded
1778:Category
1202:Category
369:Hal King
215:Founding
177:baseball
89:Ballpark
79:Location
1619:Leagues
1476:Players
981:Seasons
919:Culture
836:Buffalo
820:Seasons
815:Players
624:Sources
375:), and
203:History
191:as the
1525:Museum
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960:: 1951
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63:(1942)
52:League
1586:Teams
1176:1965
1155:1960s
1114:1950s
1055:1940s
994:1930s
552:(PDF)
347:star
1173:1964
1170:1963
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1001:1930
988:40+)
966:1954
963:1952
793:and
764:and
666:ISBN
655:ISBN
634:ISBN
607:ISBN
468:2022
171:The
126:1962
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1498:M–R
1493:E–L
1488:A–D
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