694:
105:
63:
43:
31:
90:
338:
Karnabrunn, Kleedorf, Kleinrötz, Michelstetten, Moosbierbaum, Mühlbach am
Manhartsberg, Oberthern, Perchtoldsdorf, Plank am Kamp, Porrau, Pottenbrunn, Pranhartsberg, Puch, Rosenburg, Schletz, Simonsfeld, Statzendorf, Steinabrunn, Stiefern, Straß im Straßertale, Strögen, Velm, Wetzleinsdorf, Wilhelmsdorf, Winden, Würnitz. Upper Austria:
78:
780:
André Spatzier, Systematische
Untersuchungen der Kreisgrabenanlage von Pömmelte-Zackmünde, Salzlandkreis. Zum Abschluss der Grabungen an mitteldeutschen Rondellen im Rahmen der Forschergruppe FOR:550. In: H. Meller (Hrsg.), Zusammengegraben - Kooperationsprojekte in Sachsen-Anhalt. Tagung vom 17. bis
323:
in
Slovakia (Ivan Kuzma 2004): about 50 candidate sites from aerial surveys, not all of which are expected to date to the Neolithic. There are 15 known neolithic (Lengyel) sites. The largest of these are (with outer diameters of more than 100 m): Svodín 2 (140 m), Demandice (120 m), Bajtava (175 m),
337:
in
Austria (Doneus et al. 2004): 47 known sites with diameters between 40 and 180 m. Lower Austria: Asparn an der Zaya, Altruppersdorf, Altruppersdorf, Au am Leithagebirge, Friebritz (2 sites), Gauderndorf, Glaubendorf (2 sites), Gnadendorf, Göllersdorf, Herzogbirbaum, Hornsburg, Immendorf, Kamegg,
454:
Bavaria: Lower
Bavaria: Eching-Viecht, Künzing-Unternberg, Meisternthal, Moosburg an der Isar-Kirchamper, Oberpöring-Gneiding, Osterhofen-Schmiedorf (2 sites), Stephansposching Wallerfing-Ramsdorf, Zeholfing-Kothingeichendorf; Upper Bavaria: Penzberg
324:
Horné Otrokovce (150 m), Podhorany-Mechenice (120 m), Cífer (127 m), Golianovo (210 m), Žitavce (145 m), Hosťovce (250–300 m), Prašník (175 m). Others include: Borovce, Bučany, Golianovo, Kľačany, Milanovce, Nitrianský Hrádok, Ružindol-Borová.
359:
3219:
199:
is an exact ellipse with identifiable focal points. The distribution of these structures seems to suggest a spread from the middle Danube (southern
Slovakia and western Hungary) towards the west (
239:, constructed much later during c. 3000 to 1000 BC (late Neolithic to Bronze Age). But, by contrast to the long lifetime of the "Megalithic" culture, the time window during which the neolithic
678:
Die mittelneolithische
Kreisgrabenanlage von Stephansposching, Lkr. Deggendorf zum Kenntnisstand nach den archäologischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen der Jahre 2008 und 2009.
254:
1886, but it was only with systematic aerial survey in the 1980s and the 1990s that their ubiquity in the region became apparent. Three types have been distinguished:
806:
2923:
2564:
2305:
745:
Peter F. Biel, "Measuring time in the
European Neolithic? The function and meaning of Central European circular enclosures" in: Iain Morley, Colin Renfrew (eds.),
569:
2520:
2029:
642:
308:. The observational determination of the time of solstice would not have served a practical (agricultural) purpose, but could have been used to maintain a
261:
multiple circuits of ditches interrupted with entrances at cardinal or astronomically-oriented points and also having an internal single or double timber
3138:
2673:
2352:
1803:
708:
3209:
799:
334:(Stk IVA). Běhařovice, Borkovany, Bulhary, Krpy, Křepice, Mašovice, Němčičky, Rašovice, Těšetice, Vedrovice, Vinoř roundel near Prague
176:
land some 800 km (500 mi) across. They date to the first half of the 5th millennium BC; they are associated with the late
2833:
2903:
1930:
836:
754:
739:
46:
Archaeological cultures in
Neolithic Europe of the late 5th millennium BC. The Central European cultures associated with roundels (
2024:
3229:
2549:
1940:
978:
792:
663:
401:
390:
195:
Only a few examples approximate a circular form; the majority are only very approximately circular or elliptic. One example at
2793:
2666:
507:
331:
181:
51:
3169:
2162:
1692:
952:
781:
20. Mai 2009 im
Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale). Arch. Sachsen-Anhalt Sonderbd. 13 (Halle/Saale 2012), 89-98.
2157:
1697:
1170:
1123:
589:, Neolithic Circular Enclosures in Europe, International Workshop in Goseck (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) 7.-9. Mai 2004 (
551:, say between Budapest and Brunswick (800 km). Including outliers, the area is somewhat larger, encompassing most of
1020:
723:
Neolithic Circular Enclosures in Europe, International Workshop in Goseck (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) 7.-9. Mai 2004 (
243:
were in use is surprisingly narrow, lasting only for about 200–300 years (roughly 49th to 47th centuries BC).
2803:
2425:
2226:
556:
2878:
3224:
3214:
2724:
2659:
2137:
2046:
3234:
3174:
2823:
2420:
1512:
1057:
140:; sometimes also "rondeloid", since many are not even approximately circular). They are mostly confined to the
705:
3110:
2537:
2447:
1619:
1386:
1205:
1138:
870:
497:
397:
247:
232:
119:
116:
3120:
2952:
2740:
2729:
2625:
2499:
2105:
1996:
1984:
1680:
1421:
1260:
897:
831:
815:
177:
1567:
2977:
2706:
2364:
2300:
2174:
1867:
1793:
1562:
1500:
1376:
1324:
1317:
863:
104:
543:
map in Daim and Neubauer 2005, p. 14; reprinted in Plath 2011, p. 24. Main distribution is between the
251:
62:
3179:
3143:
3000:
2813:
2768:
2581:
2576:
2559:
2554:
2532:
2322:
2036:
1889:
1781:
1685:
1478:
1163:
1133:
962:
905:
492:
3045:
2929:
2918:
2883:
2873:
2828:
2788:
2778:
2719:
2620:
2231:
2090:
1923:
1456:
1329:
1210:
1185:
292:
sometimes dubbed "observatory", with openings aligned with the points sunrise and/or sunset at the
42:
2934:
30:
3065:
2783:
2571:
2474:
2376:
2189:
1584:
1371:
1101:
1067:
365:
309:
277:
2967:
2808:
2651:
777:. Horn, Wien : Berger, 2005 (Katalog des Niederösterreichischen Landesmuseums, N. F. 459).
706:
Der Blick in den Untergrund: Magnetometrie und Geoelektrische Tomographie in der Geoarchäologie
3190:
2893:
2613:
2603:
2593:
2542:
2199:
1411:
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1042:
885:
758:
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735:
532:
313:
236:
55:
3164:
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2972:
2962:
2853:
2838:
2682:
2608:
2515:
2258:
2100:
2041:
1761:
1717:
1517:
1339:
1190:
1150:
846:
289:
113:
258:
two semicircular ditches forming a circle and separated by causeways at opposing entrances.
3025:
2898:
2858:
2714:
2630:
2489:
2459:
2221:
2149:
2127:
2085:
1980:
1950:
1815:
1810:
1461:
1344:
915:
712:
512:
375:
185:
98:
47:
2939:
747:
The Archaeology of Measurement: Comprehending Heaven, Earth and Time in Ancient Societies
361:
2848:
2843:
2798:
2763:
2753:
2598:
2525:
2347:
2312:
2243:
2132:
2004:
1712:
1297:
1287:
1089:
552:
352:
173:
157:
123:
3203:
3105:
3100:
3085:
3080:
3055:
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2913:
2868:
2863:
2818:
2773:
2758:
2748:
2484:
2469:
2415:
2290:
2278:
2194:
2117:
1945:
1906:
1894:
1882:
1594:
1505:
1434:
1175:
1118:
1096:
1005:
937:
932:
910:
482:
441:
437:
429:
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407:
369:
301:
228:
216:
204:
200:
189:
94:
82:
71:
3128:
3090:
3075:
3020:
2888:
2687:
2403:
2359:
2340:
2295:
2167:
2095:
2019:
1841:
1776:
1771:
1727:
1354:
1236:
1200:
1180:
1032:
1010:
922:
330:
in the Czech Republic (Jaroslav Ridky 2004): 15 known sites, all dated to the late
2452:
626:"Liste unbeweglicher und archäologischer Denkmale in Niederösterreich, Stand 2010"
766:
Zur Problematik der Nutzungsinterpretation mittelneolithischer Kreisgrabenanlagen
487:
3148:
3035:
2995:
2442:
2432:
2388:
2383:
2335:
2273:
2209:
2110:
1955:
1877:
1798:
1786:
1579:
1547:
1532:
1522:
1493:
1451:
1366:
1334:
1282:
1215:
1052:
927:
724:
590:
544:
445:
386:
305:
196:
17:
693:
Bayern-Viewer Denkmal des Landesamtes für Denkmalschutz des Freistaates Bayern
3133:
2698:
2586:
2479:
2437:
2253:
2216:
2179:
1662:
1574:
1439:
1401:
1302:
1275:
1195:
1108:
1025:
993:
947:
858:
826:
269:
67:
35:
3095:
2494:
2393:
2285:
2263:
2248:
2063:
1846:
1831:
1756:
1739:
1657:
1542:
1473:
1468:
1391:
1270:
1158:
1084:
851:
841:
625:
433:
379:
297:
108:
Aerial image of a Neolithic rondel enclosure from Drzemlikowice, SW Poland
34:
Reconstruction (model) of the Künzing-Unternberg rondel, Museum Quintana,
3040:
2268:
2204:
2009:
1749:
1744:
1652:
1527:
1349:
1312:
1292:
784:
348:
339:
293:
281:
262:
188:
cultures. The best known and oldest of these Circular Enclosures is the
161:
2330:
2236:
2122:
2080:
2056:
1836:
1642:
1552:
1406:
1307:
1265:
1128:
1047:
1000:
988:
604:
Těšetice-Kyjovice 4. Rondel osady lidu s moravskou malovanou keramikou.
451:
Saxony: Dresden-Nickern (3 sites), Eythra (2 sites), Neukyhna (3 sites)
312:(i.e. knowledge of the date of solstice allows an accurate handling of
212:
208:
165:
153:
149:
3050:
3015:
3010:
2908:
2398:
2075:
1935:
1913:
1766:
1702:
1647:
1037:
1015:
983:
957:
280:. Most of them are aligned and seem to have served the function of a
169:
145:
89:
296:. This is the case with the "gates" or openings of the roundels of
77:
3030:
2464:
2184:
2068:
1918:
1872:
1734:
1589:
1537:
1483:
1113:
1079:
502:
224:
103:
88:
76:
61:
41:
29:
769:
327:
in Hungary: Aszód, Polgár-Csőszhalom, Sé, Vokány, Szemely-Hegyes.
3005:
2410:
2371:
2051:
1851:
1707:
1637:
1557:
1429:
942:
643:"Ślady potężnej konstrukcji sprzed 7 tys. lat odkryto pod Oławą"
548:
220:
141:
2655:
1978:
1617:
883:
788:
587:
Kreisgrabenanlagen der Stichbandkeramikkultur in Sachsen-Anhalt
132:("circular ditched enclosures") in German, or alternatively as
2014:
1722:
1488:
1446:
97:, with indication of the direction of sunrise and sunset on
3220:
Buildings and structures completed in the 5th millennium BC
246:
The earliest roundel to be described was the one at Krpy (
276:
The structures are mostly interpreted as having served a
664:"Liste mittelneolithischer Kreisgrabenanlagen in Europa"
458:
Nordrhein-Westfalen: Borchum-Harpen, Warburg-Daseburg
3157:
3119:
2986:
2739:
2705:
2508:
2321:
2148:
1995:
1860:
1824:
1673:
1630:
1420:
1251:
1224:
1149:
1066:
971:
896:
682:
Vorträge des 28. Niederbayerischen Archäologentages
775:Zeitreise Heldenberg – Geheimnisvolle Kreisgräben
2667:
800:
8:
2674:
2660:
2652:
1992:
1975:
1627:
1614:
1072:
893:
880:
807:
793:
785:
570:Wirbel um angebliche Archäologie-Sensation
559:confluence to the lower Rhine (Ruhr area).
207:) along the Danube and to the northwest (
730:Gillian Varndell, Peter Topping (eds.),
555:, stretching over some 1100 km from the
223:. They precede the comparable circular
182:Stroke-ornamented ware (Middle Danubian)
615:Killgrove K., , Livescience, Sept. 2022
524:
448:, outer diameters between 72 and 110 m.
66:Reconstruction of circular ditches at
7:
749:, Cambridge University Press, 2010,
164:, as well as the adjacent parts of
25:
3191:↓ Bronze Age Europe ↓
2699:↑ Mesolithic Europe ↑
1931:Megalithic architectural elements
768:, diss. Hamburg University, 2011.
464:Franconia: Hopferstadt, Ippesheim
423:There are around 50, among them:
3210:Types of monuments and memorials
773:Falko Daim, Wolfgang Neubauer,
467:Brandenburg: Bochow, Quappendorf
2550:Evolutionary origin of religion
186:Lengyel (Moravian Painted Ware)
732:Enclosures in Neolithic Europe
704:Stefan Hecht, Jörg Faßbinder,
684:. Rahden/Westf. 2010, 165-201
508:Stroke-ornamented ware culture
180:and its local successors, the
1:
3170:Secondary products revolution
2163:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
1693:British megalith architecture
2158:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
1698:Nordic megalith architecture
112:Approximately 120–150
93:Sketch of the layout of the
645:(in Polish). Nauka w Polsce
461:Niedersachsen: Müsleringen
319:Known Circular Enclosures:
3251:
2306:British Isles and Brittany
2227:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
192:, constructed c. 4900 BC.
3188:
2725:First Temperate Neolithic
2696:
1991:
1974:
1626:
1613:
1075:
892:
879:
822:
470:Rheinland-Pfalz: Goloring
58:) are indicated in yellow
3111:Unchambered long barrow
2538:Evolutionary musicology
1941:Oldest extant buildings
1868:Archaeological features
1387:Prepared-core technique
498:Earthwork (archaeology)
148:basins, in modern-day
3230:Linear Pottery culture
2730:Linear Pottery culture
2500:Unchambered long cairn
2348:Mound Builders culture
1681:Neolithic architecture
816:Prehistoric technology
680:In: K. Schmotz (ed.):
231:enclosures known from
178:Linear Pottery culture
136:(or "rondels"; German
109:
101:
86:
74:
59:
39:
2175:List of Stone Age art
1377:Microblade technology
1325:Langdale axe industry
923:Ard / plough
676:Florian Eibl et al.:
531:based on Biel 2010,
432:(Ralf Schwarz 2004):
345:in Poland by region:
288:), in the context of
107:
92:
80:
65:
45:
33:
3180:Proto-Indo-Europeans
3144:Neolithic long house
3001:Causewayed enclosure
2582:Prehistoric medicine
2577:Prehistoric counting
2560:Prehistoric religion
2555:Paleolithic religion
2533:Behavioral modernity
1890:Causewayed enclosure
1782:Abri de la Madeleine
906:Neolithic Revolution
493:Astronomical complex
27:Neolithic earthworks
3046:Megalithic entrance
2924:Starčevo–Körös–Criș
2720:Corded Ware culture
2621:Prehistoric warfare
1367:Magdalenian culture
1330:Levallois technique
1261:Earliest toolmaking
666:. 28 December 2018.
402:Kuyavian-Pomeranian
391:Kuyavian-Pomeranian
172:, in a stretch of
3066:Rectangular dolmen
2834:Gumelnița–Karanovo
2794:Cucuteni–Trypillia
2572:Origin of language
2565:Spiritual drug use
2475:Rectangular dolmen
2377:Dartmoor kistvaens
2190:Carved stone balls
1902:Circular enclosure
1861:Other architecture
1804:Alp pile dwellings
1392:Solutrean industry
1303:Gravettian culture
953:Secondary products
711:2008-11-20 at the
533:p. 233, fig. 18.6.
366:Pietrowice Wielkie
314:intercalary months
310:lunisolar calendar
129:Kreisgrabenanlagen
126:. They are called
110:
102:
87:
75:
60:
40:
3197:
3196:
3134:Lithic industries
2691:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2594:Prehistoric music
2543:music archaeology
2200:Cup and ring mark
2025:Clothing/textiles
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1412:Yubetsu technique
1397:Striking platform
1362:Lithic technology
1247:
1246:
1232:Game drive system
1151:Projectile points
1043:Mortar and pestle
248:Kropáčova Vrutice
16:(Redirected from
3242:
3225:Archaeoastronomy
3215:Neolithic Europe
3165:Danubian culture
3061:Polygonal dolmen
2904:Seine–Oise–Marne
2824:Globular Amphora
2685:
2683:Neolithic Europe
2676:
2669:
2662:
2653:
2609:Divje Babe flute
2516:Archaeoastronomy
2259:Petrosomatoglyph
1993:
1976:
1825:Water management
1628:
1615:
1518:Denticulate tool
1340:Lithic reduction
1073:
894:
881:
809:
802:
795:
786:
716:
702:
696:
691:
685:
674:
668:
667:
660:
654:
653:
651:
650:
639:
633:
632:
630:
622:
616:
613:
607:
600:
594:
583:
577:
576:, 13 June 2005.
568:Holger Dambeck,
566:
560:
541:
535:
529:
290:archaeoastronomy
250:), Bohemia, by
219:) following the
174:Central European
21:
18:Circular ditches
3250:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3235:Lengyel culture
3200:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3184:
3153:
3115:
3026:Guardian stones
2988:
2982:
2944:
2804:Decea Mureşului
2735:
2715:Cardium pottery
2701:
2692:
2686:(including the
2680:
2650:
2637:
2504:
2490:Stone box grave
2460:Megalithic tomb
2365:Cotswold-Severn
2317:
2222:Guardian stones
2150:Prehistoric art
2144:
1987:
1962:
1951:Timber trackway
1856:
1820:
1816:Wattle and daub
1669:
1648:Standing stones
1622:
1601:
1416:
1243:
1220:
1145:
1062:
972:Food processing
967:
916:New World crops
888:
875:
818:
813:
734:, Oxbow, 2002,
720:
719:
713:Wayback Machine
703:
699:
692:
688:
675:
671:
662:
661:
657:
648:
646:
641:
640:
636:
628:
624:
623:
619:
614:
610:
602:Podborský, V.:
601:
597:
584:
580:
567:
563:
547:and the middle
542:
538:
530:
526:
521:
513:Lengyel culture
479:
376:Nowe Objezierze
358:Bodzów, Rąpice
332:Stroked pottery
99:winter solstice
52:Stroked Pottery
38:, Lower Bavaria
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3248:
3246:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3202:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
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3167:
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3146:
3141:
3136:
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3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
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3058:
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3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
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2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2599:Alligator drum
2591:
2590:
2589:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2526:lunar calendar
2523:
2512:
2510:
2509:Other cultural
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2313:Venus figurine
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2244:Megalithic art
2241:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2202:
2197:
2195:Cave paintings
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1997:Material goods
1989:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1715:
1713:Cliff dwelling
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1298:Fire hardening
1295:
1290:
1288:Clovis culture
1285:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1257:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1211:Manis Mastodon
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1155:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1090:throwing stick
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
986:
981:
975:
973:
969:
968:
966:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
919:
918:
913:
902:
900:
890:
889:
884:
877:
876:
874:
873:
868:
867:
866:
856:
855:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
823:
820:
819:
814:
812:
811:
804:
797:
789:
783:
782:
778:
771:
764:Thomas Plath,
762:
743:
728:
718:
717:
697:
686:
669:
655:
634:
617:
608:
595:
585:Ralf Schwarz,
578:
574:Spiegel Online
561:
553:Central Europe
536:
523:
522:
520:
517:
516:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
478:
475:
474:
473:
472:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
452:
449:
421:
420:
417:
416:
415:
405:
394:
383:
373:
363:
356:
353:Greater Poland
343:
335:
328:
325:
278:cultic purpose
274:
273:
266:
259:
158:Czech Republic
124:Central Europe
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3247:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3192:
3187:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3106:Tor enclosure
3104:
3102:
3101:Timber circle
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:Statue menhir
3084:
3082:
3081:Simple dolmen
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:Passage grave
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2978:Windmill Hill
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2879:Pit–Comb Ware
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2485:Simple dolmen
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2470:Passage grave
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2416:Gallery grave
2414:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2331:Burial mounds
2329:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Statue menhir
2289:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2279:Stone carving
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2118:Sewing needle
2116:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1946:Timber circle
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1895:Tor enclosure
1893:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1883:fulacht fiadh
1881:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1119:spear-thrower
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:Bow and arrow
1095:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1006:Grinding slab
1004:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
974:
970:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
938:Domestication
936:
934:
933:Digging stick
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
917:
914:
912:
911:Founder crops
909:
908:
907:
904:
903:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
882:
878:
872:
869:
865:
862:
861:
860:
857:
853:
852:New Stone Age
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
828:
825:
824:
821:
817:
810:
805:
803:
798:
796:
791:
790:
787:
779:
776:
772:
770:
767:
763:
760:
756:
755:9780521119900
752:
748:
744:
741:
740:9781842170687
737:
733:
729:
726:
722:
721:
714:
710:
707:
701:
698:
695:
690:
687:
683:
679:
673:
670:
665:
659:
656:
644:
638:
635:
627:
621:
618:
612:
609:
605:
599:
596:
592:
588:
582:
579:
575:
571:
565:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
540:
537:
534:
528:
525:
518:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
483:Goseck circle
481:
480:
476:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
453:
450:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:Saxony Anhalt
428:
427:
426:
425:
424:
418:
413:
412:Lower Silesia
409:
408:Drzemlikowice
406:
403:
399:
395:
392:
388:
384:
381:
377:
374:
371:
370:Upper Silesia
367:
364:
362:
360:
357:
354:
350:
347:
346:
344:
341:
336:
333:
329:
326:
322:
321:
320:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
271:
267:
264:
260:
257:
256:
255:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
233:Great Britain
230:
226:
222:
218:
217:Saxony-Anhalt
214:
210:
206:
205:Lower Bavaria
202:
201:Lower Austria
198:
193:
191:
190:Goseck circle
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:
125:
122:are known in
121:
118:
115:
106:
100:
96:
95:Goseck circle
91:
84:
83:Goseck circle
79:
73:
72:Lower Austria
69:
64:
57:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
19:
3129:Grooved ware
3091:Stone circle
3076:Round barrow
3070:
3021:Great dolmen
2989:architecture
2814:Funnelbeaker
2688:Chalcolithic
2426:wedge-shaped
2411:Funeral pyre
2404:Great dolmen
2360:Chamber tomb
2341:Round barrow
2296:Stone circle
2168:Blombos Cave
2096:Grooved ware
2020:Chalcolithic
1924:Thornborough
1901:
1842:Flush toilet
1777:Blombos Cave
1772:Rock shelter
1728:Quiggly hole
1620:Architecture
1595:illustration
1237:Buffalo jump
1058:Storage pits
1021:Aşıklı Höyük
1011:Ground stone
847:Subdivisions
774:
765:
746:
731:
700:
689:
681:
677:
672:
658:
647:. Retrieved
637:
620:
611:
603:
598:
586:
581:
573:
564:
557:Danube-Drava
539:
527:
488:Schalkenburg
422:
318:
285:
275:
245:
240:
197:Meisternthal
194:
137:
133:
128:
127:
111:
3149:Unstan ware
3036:Long barrow
2996:Bank barrow
2953:Tiszapolgár
2919:Sredny Stog
2884:Pitted Ware
2448:unchambered
2443:Long barrow
2433:Grave goods
2389:Court cairn
2384:Clava cairn
2336:Bowl barrow
2274:Rock cupule
2217:Golden hats
2210:Hill figure
2111:Unstan ware
2091:Cord-marked
1956:Sweet Track
1878:Burnt mound
1799:Stilt house
1787:Sibudu Cave
1580:Tally stick
1548:Quern-stone
1533:Hammerstone
1523:Fire plough
1494:Pesse canoe
1452:Bannerstone
1422:Other tools
1335:Lithic core
1283:Aurignacian
1171:Bare Island
1053:Quern-stone
545:Danube Bend
446:Quedlinburg
306:Quedlinburg
286:Kalenderbau
3204:Categories
3175:Old Europe
3139:Metallurgy
3121:Technology
2987:Monumental
2784:Cortaillod
2587:trepanning
2480:Ring cairn
2438:Jar burial
2421:transepted
2353:U.S. sites
2254:Petroglyph
2180:Bird stone
2138:wine press
1811:Stone roof
1794:Roundhouse
1686:long house
1663:Stonehenge
1631:Ceremonial
1575:Stone tool
1402:Tool stone
1372:Metallurgy
1276:Mousterian
1253:Toolmaking
1191:Cumberland
1164:Transverse
1134:Schöningen
1026:Qesem cave
994:Earth oven
948:Irrigation
859:Technology
827:Prehistory
649:2019-04-03
606:Brno, 1988
519:References
442:Kötschlitz
419:in Germany
270:ring ditch
120:enclosures
117:earthworks
68:Heldenberg
3096:Stone row
2769:Cernavodă
2631:symbolism
2495:Tor cairn
2453:Grønsalen
2394:Cremation
2286:Sculpture
2264:Pictogram
2249:Petroform
2069:amber use
2037:Cosmetics
1847:Reservoir
1832:Check dam
1762:Pueblitos
1757:Pit-house
1740:Longhouse
1674:Dwellings
1543:Microlith
1474:Bow drill
1469:Bone tool
1462:prismatic
1271:Acheulean
1186:Cresswell
1159:Arrowhead
1085:Boomerang
1001:Granaries
963:Terracing
842:Stone Age
725:abstracts
434:Quenstedt
380:Pomerania
298:Quenstedt
294:solstices
268:a single
225:earthwork
114:Neolithic
85:, Germany
3158:Concepts
3041:Megalith
2973:Wartberg
2930:Starčevo
2874:Petrești
2854:Karanovo
2839:Hamangia
2829:Gornești
2789:Coțofeni
2779:Chasséen
2741:Cultures
2707:Horizons
2269:Rock art
2232:painting
2205:Geoglyph
2030:timeline
2010:Beadwork
1750:Mehrgarh
1745:Mudbrick
1653:megalith
1528:Fire-saw
1350:debitage
1345:analysis
1313:Hand axe
1293:Cupstone
871:Glossary
832:Timeline
709:Archived
591:abstract
477:See also
387:Łysomice
349:Biskupin
282:calendar
263:palisade
252:Woldřich
241:Roundels
162:Slovakia
138:Rondelle
134:roundels
2968:Vučedol
2899:Rzucewo
2859:Lengyel
2809:Dudești
2626:Symbols
2237:pigment
2123:Weaving
2086:Cardium
2081:Pottery
2076:Mirrors
2064:Jewelry
2005:Baskets
1985:culture
1837:Cistern
1643:Pyramid
1585:Weapons
1563:Scraper
1553:Racloir
1513:Cleaver
1501:Chopper
1407:Uniface
1318:Grooves
1308:Hafting
1266:Oldowan
1225:Systems
1176:Cascade
1139:woomera
1129:harpoon
1102:history
1068:Hunting
1048:Pottery
989:Cooking
898:Farming
864:history
837:Outline
759:229-243
715:, 2006
237:Ireland
213:Bohemia
209:Moravia
166:Hungary
154:Austria
150:Germany
48:Lengyel
36:Künzing
3071:Rondel
3051:Menhir
3016:Dolmen
3011:Cursus
2909:Sesklo
2894:Rössen
2849:Kakanj
2844:Horgen
2799:Danilo
2764:Butmir
2754:Beaker
2604:flutes
2399:Dolmen
2323:Burial
2133:winery
2106:Linear
1936:Midden
1914:Cursus
1907:Goseck
1767:Pueblo
1718:Dugout
1703:Burdei
1382:Mining
1206:Lamoka
1201:Folsom
1181:Clovis
1038:Metate
1016:Hearth
984:Basket
958:Sickle
753:
738:
438:Goseck
398:Tylice
302:Goseck
229:timber
170:Poland
146:Danube
56:Rössen
3031:Henge
2963:Vinča
2958:Varna
2948:Tisza
2935:Körös
2914:Sopot
2869:Neman
2864:Narva
2819:Gaudo
2774:Cerny
2759:Boian
2749:Baden
2732:(LBK)
2521:sites
2465:Mummy
2185:Cairn
2101:Jōmon
2052:shoes
2047:Hides
1919:Henge
1873:Broch
1735:Jacal
1590:Wheel
1538:Knife
1484:Canoe
1479:Burin
1457:Blade
1355:flake
1216:Plano
1124:baton
1114:Spear
1080:Arrow
1033:Manos
886:Tools
629:(PDF)
503:Henge
396:near
385:near
340:Ölkam
184:and
3006:Cist
2940:Criş
2889:Pfyn
2614:gudi
2372:Cist
2301:list
2128:Wine
2057:Ötzi
2042:Glue
2015:Beds
1983:and
1981:Arts
1852:Well
1708:Cave
1638:Kiva
1568:side
1558:Rope
1506:tool
1440:bone
1430:Adze
1196:Eden
1109:Nets
979:Fire
943:Goad
928:Celt
751:ISBN
736:ISBN
549:Elbe
304:and
235:and
221:Elbe
168:and
144:and
142:Elbe
81:The
1723:Hut
1658:row
1489:Oar
1447:Axe
1435:Awl
316:).
227:or
3206::
757:,
727:).
593:).
572:,
444:,
440:,
436:,
300:,
215:,
211:,
203:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
70:,
54:,
50:,
2690:)
2675:e
2668:t
2661:v
808:e
801:t
794:v
761:.
742:.
652:.
631:.
414:)
410:(
404:)
400:(
393:)
389:(
382:)
378:(
372:)
368:(
355:)
351:(
342:.
284:(
272:.
265:.
20:)
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