596:
wanted to maintain a strong constitutional link to them through the common nationality code, it was unwilling to make major changes without unanimous agreement among the
Dominions on this issue, which it did not have. Imperial legal uniformity was nevertheless eroded during the 1930s; New Zealand and Australia amended their laws in 1935 and 1936 to allow women denaturalised by marriage to retain their rights as British subjects, and Ireland changed its regulations in 1935 to cause no change to a woman's nationality after her marriage.
718:. Although there have been formal reviews of the oath and attempts to change it to mention allegiance to the country or people of New Zealand instead of (or in addition to) the monarch, the oath remains unchanged. Following a general trend in other common law jurisdictions, New Zealand ended unrestricted birthright citizenship in 2005. Children born in New Zealand beginning in 2006 are only granted citizenship by birth if at least one parent is a citizen or otherwise have permission to remain in New Zealand indefinitely.
699:
Commonwealth countries and allowed citizenship to be transferrable by descent to children through mothers as well as fathers. Foreign nationals becoming New
Zealand citizens are no longer naturalised, but receive "citizenship by grant". Commonwealth and Irish citizens remain technically defined in New Zealand law as non-foreign, but there are no benefits provided to either group. The UK itself updated its nationality law to reflect the more modest boundaries of its remaining territory and possessions with the
655:'s exit from the Commonwealth in 1949. All Commonwealth and Irish citizens were eligible to become New Zealand citizens by registration, rather than naturalisation, after residing in New Zealand for at least three years. Commonwealth and Irish women who were married to New Zealand citizens were eligible to acquire citizenship by registration with no further requirements. Foreign wives and minor children of male New Zealand citizens were allowed to register as citizens at the discretion of the
782:
39:
568:; British women who married foreign men automatically lost their British nationality. There were two exceptions to this: a wife married to a husband who lost his British subject status was able to retain British nationality by declaration, and a British-born widow or divorcée who had lost her British nationality through marriage could reacquire that status without meeting residence requirements after the dissolution or termination of her marriage.
6430:
5412:
684:
British subject status was required to participate in elections. Political candidates of partial Māori or non-Māori backgrounds were permitted to stand for election in Māori electorates beginning in 1967 and all Māori voters, irrespective of the degree of their ancestry, could participate in either Māori or general electorates from 1975.
830:
grant after fulfilling the five-year residence and physical presence requirement. Otherwise, they may apply for their children born overseas to receive citizenship by grant, at the discretion of the
Minister of Internal Affairs. An average of 28,000 people per year were granted citizenship through the 2010s. As of the
391:. There was no minimum residence requirement and applicants simply needed approval from the governor. British subjects who had already been naturalised in the United Kingdom or other parts of the Empire (except for its colonies in Asia) could apply to be naturalised again in New Zealand without swearing an
772:
All persons born within the Realm before 2006 automatically received citizenship at birth regardless of the nationalities of their parents. Individuals born in the Realm from that year on receive New
Zealand citizenship at birth if at least one parent is a New Zealand citizen or otherwise entitled to
743:
if large numbers of its people exercised their newfound dual citizenship rights, Western Samoa signed the
Protocol to the Treaty of Friendship with New Zealand on 21 August 1982. This treaty, and the subsequent Citizenship (Western Samoa) Act 1982, effectively nullified the Privy Council ruling. This
439:
in the
General Assembly were created in 1867 as a temporary measure while Māori land was gradually converted into titles recognisable in colonial law, and this special representation was later made permanent in 1876. Male subjects of partial Māori descent were assigned to an electorate based on their
232:
All persons born within the Realm before 2006 were automatically citizens at birth regardless of the nationalities of their parents. Individuals born in the Realm from that year on receive New
Zealand citizenship at birth if at least one of their parents is a New Zealand citizen or otherwise entitled
840:
who enter New
Zealand after 14 September 1982 and have indefinite permission to remain in the country are entitled to become New Zealand citizens by grant without a minimum residence requirement. Samoans who were already living in New Zealand on that date automatically became New Zealand citizens by
683:
were no longer labelled with the phrase "British passport" beginning in 1964 and stopped listing national status as "British subject and New
Zealand citizen" in 1974. Voting rights were extended to all individuals permanently resident in the country for at least one year in 1975. Prior to that year,
483:
were declared to be "infected places" under the Public Health Act 1876; ships originating from or stopping in one of these territories, or those that allowed any person or cargo coming from or passing through those areas were subject to strict quarantine on their arrival in New
Zealand. The head tax
829:
There is no effective differentiation or hierarchy between the different types of citizenship that can be obtained in New Zealand. The only major disadvantage applies to citizens by descent, who cannot pass citizenship to their children born abroad. These individuals may apply to become citizens by
508:
in 1888, 1889, and 1901. Island residents became British subjects at the time when the United Kingdom acquired these territories. The United Kingdom then ceded administrative control over the Cook Islands and Niue to New Zealand in 1901, and for Tokelau in 1925. The transfers of the islands did not
642:
throughout the Empire. All British subjects who were born, naturalised, or resident for at least 12 months in New Zealand automatically acquired New Zealand citizenship on 1 January 1949. British subjects born to a father who himself was born or naturalised in New Zealand and British subject women
662:
All British subjects under the reformed system initially held an automatic right to settle in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Non-white immigration into the UK was systemically discouraged, but strong economic conditions in Britain following the Second World War attracted an unprecedented wave of
595:
Women's rights groups throughout the Empire pressured the imperial government during this time to amend nationality regulations that tied a married woman's status to that of her husband. Because the British government could no longer enforce legislative supremacy over the Dominions after 1931 and
374:
formalised a clear distinction between subjects who naturalised in the UK and those who did so in other territories. Individuals who naturalised in the UK were deemed to have received the status by imperial naturalisation, which was valid throughout the Empire. Those naturalising in colonies were
422:
into colonial legal systems. Ambiguous wording in the Treaty of Waitangi raised uncertainty as to whether they were actually granted subjecthood or merely the rights of that status; the Native Rights Act 1865 was enacted to affirm their British subject status and clarify the colonial judiciary's
726:
Western Samoa became independent in 1962. Legislation in the 1920s had allowed Samoans to become British subjects if they chose to but left the status of those who had not completed the formal naturalisation process unclear. Subsequent New Zealand legislation after Samoan independence caused a
571:
A woman who married a foreigner could regain her British nationality if her husband naturalised as a British subject; she would then be automatically granted her husband's new nationality. New Zealand women who married Chinese men were severely affected by the coverture regulations, due to the
535:
instead. Although Parliament amended nationality law in 1923 and 1928 to allow facilitated naturalisation to Western Samoans wanting to become British subjects, virtually none had taken this option. Only 50 Samoans naturalised between 1928 and 1948, while 82 individuals of European descent had
698:
By the 1970s and 1980s, most colonies of the British Empire had become independent and remaining ties to the United Kingdom had been significantly weakened. New Zealand made further reforms to its nationality law in 1977 that abolished the preferences that were afforded to citizens from other
386:
Naturalisation continued to be processed through annual personalised legislation until 1866, when the process was streamlined. Individuals living in or intending to reside in New Zealand who met a good character requirement and were able to pay a £1 fee could apply for naturalisation with the
280:
have distinct legal meanings, New Zealand nationals have been referred to as citizens in domestic nationality legislation since 1948. Nationality refers to a person's legal belonging to a country and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of a state, while
849:
New Zealand citizenship can be relinquished by making a declaration of renunciation, provided that the declarant already possesses another nationality. Renunciation may be denied if the applicant currently lives in New Zealand or the country is at war with another country. Citizenship may be
812:
and be physically present in the country for at least 1,350 days during that five-year period and at least 240 days in each of those five years. Under exceptional circumstances, the physical presence requirement may be reduced to 450 days in a 20-month period. Candidates who are overseas on
556:
that adopted this Act as part of local legislation were authorised to grant subject status to aliens by imperial naturalisation. New Zealand adopted most of this law (Parts I and III) in 1923, except for its provisions on imperial naturalisation (Part II), which it later enacted in 1928.
735:
ruled that all Western Samoans born between 1928 and 1948 were British subjects and automatically became New Zealand citizens in 1949. This decision would have granted New Zealand citizenship for an estimated 100,000 Samoans, out of a total population of 160,000 at the time.
370:. Until the mid-19th century, it was unclear whether rules for naturalisation in the United Kingdom were applicable elsewhere in the Empire. Each colony had wide discretion in developing their own procedures and requirements for naturalisation up to that point. In 1847, the
395:
if they had previously taken one; they already would have owed allegiance to the Sovereign. Foreign women who married British subjects were considered to have automatically naturalised under the new regulations. New Zealand was the first self-governing nation to grant the
769:, which includes New Zealand itself, the Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau, and the Ross Dependency. New Zealand airspace, its internal and territorial waters, and New Zealand-registered ships and aircraft are treated as part of the Realm for nationality purposes.
773:
be in New Zealand indefinitely. Children born overseas are New Zealand citizens by descent if either parent is a citizen otherwise than by descent. Adopted children are treated as if they were naturally born to the adopting parents at the time of adoption.
626:
in 1947, comprehensive nationality law reform was necessary at this point to address ideas that were incompatible with the previous system. The Dominion governments agreed on the principle of equal standing for women in a reformed nationality system at the
458:. Growing hostility and anti-Chinese sentiment along with the rise of colonial nationalism led to a concerted movement within the legislature to restrict Chinese immigration. At least 20 bills written to curb Chinese migration were introduced in the
643:
who were married to someone qualifying as a New Zealand citizen also automatically acquired citizenship on that date. Cook Islanders, Niueans, Tokelauans, and British subjects born in Western Samoa became New Zealand citizens automatically as well.
751:
with New Zealand in 1965, and Niue gained independence under largely the same terms in 1974. New Zealand retained responsibility for defence and foreign affairs for the two nations and residents of both states remain New Zealand citizens.
440:
ancestry; those who were more than half-Māori were assigned to the Māori electoral roll, and those who had more non-Māori lineage were assigned to the general roll. Men who were exactly half-Māori could vote in either or both electorates.
744:
Act affirmed citizenship for Samoans who were already present in New Zealand before 15 September 1982, but required that those who enter the country after that date must first become permanent residents before acquiring citizenship.
2680:
650:
is defined in this Act to have the same meaning. British subject/Commonwealth citizen status co-existed with the citizenships of each Commonwealth country. Irish citizens were treated as if they were British subjects, despite
575:
By the end of the First World War, the Dominions had exercised increasing levels of autonomy in managing their own affairs and each by then had developed a distinct national identity. Britain formally recognised this at the
2189:
675:
or Ireland. Britain somewhat relaxed these measures in 1971 for patrials, subjects whose parents or grandparents were born in the United Kingdom, which gave effective preferential treatment to white Commonwealth citizens.
817:
or accompanying New Zealand citizen spouses overseas on Crown service are treated as if they are present in New Zealand during that period of service. Successful applicants aged 14 and older are required to take an
2147:
375:
said to have gone through local naturalisation and were given subject status valid only within the relevant territory; a subject who locally naturalised in New Zealand was a British subject there, but not in
703:, which redefined British subject to no longer also mean Commonwealth citizen. New Zealand citizens continue to be Commonwealth citizens and are still eligible to vote and stand for public office in the UK.
462:
from 1879 to 1920. The first of these to pass was the Chinese Immigrants Act 1881, which limited the number of Chinese migrants who could land in New Zealand to one per ten tons of cargo and imposed a £10
796:
Foreigners over the age of 16 may become New Zealand citizens by grant after residing in the Realm for more than five years while possessing indefinite permission to remain. This usually means holding
3551:
536:
completed the process in the territory during the same timeframe. All other Samoans who chose not to naturalise had an unclear status that was unresolved until after Western Samoan independence.
1727:
418:
Rising tensions over land sale disputes and settler incursions into Māori land led to a series of armed conflicts and mass land confiscations in the 1860s, as well as legislative efforts to
4495:
2669:
635:
605:
175:
3100:
808:
also have an indefinite permission to remain. Permanent residents of the Cook Islands, Niue, and Tokelau meet this requirement as well. Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in the
281:
citizenship usually refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation. This distinction is generally clearly defined in non-English speaking countries but not in the
1892:
2181:
66:
An Act to make better provision with respect to the status of New Zealand citizenship, and to consolidate and amend the British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
6460:
2622:
614:
Diverging developments in Dominion nationality laws, as well as growing assertions of local national identity separate from that of Britain and the Empire, culminated with the
572:
naturalisation prohibition on all Chinese during this period. Any woman in such a marriage would have had no path to British nationality until her husband's death or divorce.
3927:
484:
was increased to £100 in 1896, and would not be abolished until 1944. Chinese residents were completely prohibited from naturalising as British subjects from 1908 to 1952.
5943:
5538:
3578:
2544:
Fleras, Augie (September 1985). "From Social Control towards Political Self-Determination? Maori Seats and the Politics of Separate Maori Representation in New Zealand".
545:
2338:
Beaglehole, Ann (2009). "Looking back and glancing sideways: refugee policy and multicultural nation-building in New Zealand". In Neumann, Klaus; Tavan, Gwenda (eds.).
1926:
4131:
2139:
628:
347:
who were not British subjects had limited property rights and could not own land. French and German immigrants successfully lobbied the government for the ability to
1860:
841:
grant. Children born in Samoa to Tokelauan mothers seeking medical attention there are treated as if they are born in Tokelau and are New Zealand citizens at birth.
351:
in 1844. Individuals intending to become British subjects needed to request for their names to be included in annual naturalisation ordinances or Acts passed by the
3993:
6055:
4437:
2074:
2219:
5450:
5181:
3441:
2460:
388:
147:
5177:
336:
663:
colonial migration. In response, the British Parliament imposed immigration controls on any subjects originating from outside the UK and Ireland with the
4482:
4041:
3871:
3537:
868:
656:
467:
on every Chinese person who entered the colony. These restrictions were tightened to one migrant per 100 tons in 1888, then to one per 200 tons in 1896.
161:
3408:
2555:
2900:
McMillan, Kate (2015) . "National Voting Rights for Permanent Residents: New Zealand's Experience". In Arcarazo, Diego Acosta; Wiesbrock, Anja (eds.).
6465:
6286:
6165:
5978:
5835:
4491:
3161:
1717:
850:
involuntarily deprived from individuals who fraudulently acquired it, or from those who possess another nationality and willfully acted against the
5985:
3522:
3511:
3115:
732:
584:
with all the Dominion heads of government, which stated that the United Kingdom and Dominions were autonomous and equal to each other within the
5995:
5794:
5023:
4467:
4369:
4296:
3806:
3621:
3571:
3432:
3180:
823:
383:. When travelling outside of the Empire, British subjects who were locally naturalised in a colony were still entitled to imperial protection.
5185:
3998:
3922:
3337:
3081:
3070:
2955:
2760:
2708:
2600:
2546:
2351:
6450:
5932:
3932:
1882:
459:
3482:
531:, Western Samoans did not automatically become British subjects when New Zealand assumed mandatory authority in 1920 but were treated as
6455:
4336:
3146:
544:
The Imperial Parliament brought regulations for British subject status into codified statute law for the first time with passage of the
3036:
2987:
5608:
5533:
5053:
4722:
4409:
2611:
397:
307:
6102:
5923:
5580:
5229:
5148:
4819:
3796:
3564:
3265:
3171:
3142:
2729:
2526:
819:
401:
2078:
6170:
6040:
5938:
5862:
5847:
5645:
5510:
5443:
4271:
707:
664:
392:
371:
362:
British nationality law during this time was uncodified and did not have a standard set of regulations, relying instead on past
6369:
6133:
5973:
5966:
5830:
5781:
5495:
5490:
5480:
5276:
5158:
4917:
4111:
3967:
3841:
2840:
925:
797:
352:
238:
671:
arrangement, but moved to mirror Britain's restriction in 1962 by limiting this ability only to people born on the islands of
6354:
6349:
6187:
5901:
5867:
5655:
5650:
5623:
5505:
4306:
4286:
4186:
4034:
3831:
3347:
Tagupa, William (1994). "Law, Status and Citizenship: Conflict and Continuity in New Zealand and Western Samoa (1922–1982)".
3015:
2974:
2772:
2415:
1915:
715:
615:
1848:
6117:
5990:
5687:
5667:
5660:
5603:
5173:
5043:
4737:
4622:
4487:
4301:
4146:
4003:
3952:
3846:
3381:
2922:
2404:
Bourassa, Steven C.; Strong, Ann Louise (2002). "Restitution of Land to New Zealand Maori: The Role of Social Structure".
2287:
Baldwin, M. Page (October 2001). "Subject to Empire: Married Women and the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act".
805:
528:
512:
509:
alter the national status of these islanders, and they continued to be British subjects under New Zealand administration.
6420:
260:. Although New Zealand citizens are no longer British, they continue to hold favoured status when residing in the UK; as
6075:
6060:
6028:
5889:
5884:
5593:
5394:
4747:
4707:
4472:
4106:
3988:
3811:
786:
700:
639:
6309:
6276:
6202:
6160:
6082:
5857:
5820:
5588:
5553:
5436:
5264:
5219:
5133:
5113:
5058:
5048:
5013:
4742:
4662:
4597:
4394:
4281:
4231:
4101:
3962:
3957:
3836:
3826:
3661:
3636:
693:
589:
581:
253:
119:
3300:
2211:
6212:
6023:
5872:
5613:
5485:
5214:
5191:
5128:
5108:
5068:
4952:
4927:
4922:
4752:
4727:
4632:
4567:
4557:
4547:
4537:
4477:
4462:
4457:
4432:
4414:
4346:
4276:
4246:
4136:
3942:
3901:
3891:
3851:
3816:
3766:
3731:
3626:
2905:
2298:
2289:
863:
801:
618:, unilaterally breaking the system of a common imperial nationality. Combined with the approaching independence of
285:. In the New Zealand context, there is little distinction between the two terms and they are used interchangeably.
234:
2340:
Does History Matter?: Making and debating citizenship, immigration and refugee policy in Australia and New Zealand
659:. All other foreign nationals could acquire citizenship by naturalisation after at least five years of residence.
6374:
6339:
6237:
6217:
6197:
6182:
5913:
5083:
4967:
4942:
4897:
4892:
4842:
4767:
4762:
4717:
4692:
4687:
4667:
4657:
4612:
4602:
4562:
4532:
4522:
4512:
4427:
4404:
4379:
4316:
4236:
4161:
4126:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4027:
3856:
3791:
3761:
3751:
3746:
3706:
3676:
3651:
3641:
2371:
524:
380:
3426:
2441:
667:. Ireland had continued to allow all British subjects free movement despite independence in 1922 as part of the
6222:
6177:
6112:
5879:
5825:
5672:
5567:
5415:
5168:
5038:
5028:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4957:
4867:
4847:
4832:
4682:
4652:
4607:
4592:
4552:
4542:
4517:
4447:
4442:
4389:
4384:
4374:
4326:
4321:
4311:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4241:
4221:
4216:
4206:
4176:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4141:
4121:
4081:
4071:
3876:
3861:
3786:
3771:
3741:
3721:
3711:
3701:
3691:
3681:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3631:
3296:
3062:
646:
The 1948 Act redefined the term British subject as any citizen of New Zealand or another Commonwealth country.
577:
532:
4677:
2369:
Bloom, Tendayi (2011). "Contradictions in Formal Commonwealth Citizenship Rights in Commonwealth Countries".
564:
into imperial nationality law, where a woman's consent to marry a foreigner was also assumed to be intent to
6281:
6249:
6145:
6097:
5918:
5808:
5548:
5143:
5123:
5088:
5078:
5073:
5063:
5033:
4977:
4972:
4932:
4912:
4907:
4872:
4852:
4837:
4802:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4697:
4672:
4647:
4637:
4617:
4527:
4452:
4341:
4331:
4266:
4201:
4191:
4181:
4171:
4116:
4076:
3896:
3886:
3881:
3801:
3776:
3756:
3736:
3696:
3671:
3595:
2849:
2781:
2653:
831:
711:
585:
321:
4792:
6393:
6329:
6301:
6207:
6107:
6092:
6070:
6011:
5961:
5953:
5928:
5852:
5789:
5760:
5618:
5598:
5468:
5381:
5163:
5153:
5118:
5018:
4962:
4947:
4882:
4877:
4862:
4757:
4732:
4702:
4627:
4587:
4419:
4291:
4226:
4211:
4196:
3866:
3821:
3726:
3716:
3686:
3024:
2983:
2215:
2185:
2143:
1887:
930:
837:
356:
46:
3529:
78:
6319:
6192:
6065:
6050:
5840:
5715:
5710:
5543:
5224:
4982:
4937:
4902:
4887:
4857:
4712:
4642:
4399:
3947:
3123:
2592:
424:
419:
299:
245:
233:
to live in New Zealand indefinitely (meaning New Zealand and Australian permanent residents, as well as
6402:
6364:
6359:
6344:
6291:
6269:
6155:
5677:
5640:
5345:
5318:
5209:
4772:
3937:
3603:
3587:
2882:
1922:
1856:
1852:
766:
680:
647:
623:
609:
505:
464:
455:
449:
436:
261:
210:
88:
3285:"Shaping the Modern Nation: Colonial Marriage Law, Polygamy and Concubinage in Aotearoa New Zealand"
781:
6324:
6244:
6232:
5730:
5725:
5335:
5254:
4797:
3356:
2618:
2612:
Nation and Citizenship from the Late Nineteenth Century Onwards: A Comparative European Perspective
2456:
2380:
728:
652:
6434:
6407:
6045:
5896:
5523:
3412:
3368:
3321:
3240:
3200:
3192:
3008:"'Drug-besotten, sin-begotten fiends of filth': New Zealanders and the Oriental Other, 1850–1920"
2861:
2826:
2793:
2744:
2575:
2567:
2501:
2427:
2392:
2357:
2326:
2310:
1722:
668:
317:
3462:
6227:
5908:
5376:
5328:
3474:
3333:
3228:
3066:
3028:
2951:
2913:
2909:
2756:
2725:
2704:
2596:
2489:
2347:
2318:
851:
834:, about 1.27 million New Zealand citizens usually resident in the country were born overseas.
619:
476:
472:
206:
38:
3127:
3007:
2966:
552:. c. 17). British subject status was standardised as a common nationality across the Empire.
6334:
6033:
5740:
5528:
5500:
5259:
4008:
3972:
3518:
3385:
3360:
3325:
3269:
3232:
3184:
3096:
2926:
2886:
2853:
2818:
2785:
2748:
2657:
2559:
2530:
2493:
2447:
2419:
2384:
2302:
809:
748:
565:
413:
344:
822:
in which they pledge loyalty to the New Zealand monarch; these are usually administered by
6314:
6259:
5340:
4050:
3917:
3613:
3507:
2814:
2406:
325:
303:
249:
226:
108:
6264:
2921:
McMillan, Kate; Hood, Anna (July 2016). Report on Citizenship Law: New Zealand (Report).
549:
329:
2515:"What Best Explains the Discrimination against the Chinese in New Zealand, 1860s–1950s?"
264:, New Zealanders are eligible to vote in UK elections and serve in public office there.
6254:
5371:
5271:
3466:
2641:
2497:
2070:
432:
348:
313:
257:
3213:
2875:"The Passage of the 1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act, a Case-Study of Backbench Power"
920:
6444:
5401:
5350:
5282:
5234:
4824:
3316:
Spoonley, Paul (2001). "Aliens and Citizens in New Zealand". In Kondo, Atushi (ed.).
3204:
2644:(1999). "The Politics of Citizenship in 1940s Britain: The British Nationality Act".
2579:
2396:
814:
672:
631:
and New Zealand amended its law to grant equal nationality rights in that same year.
428:
1602:
17:
5735:
5720:
5700:
5633:
5628:
5297:
2330:
516:
493:
468:
427:
was dependent on an individual owning land, but Māori land was customarily held in
214:
157:
126:
96:
5767:
3274:
3253:
332:, who were extended all rights as British subjects under the terms of the treaty.
205:. The primary law governing these requirements is the Citizenship Act 1977, which
3056:
2941:
2719:
2388:
588:. Full legislative independence was granted to the Dominions with passage of the
6087:
5459:
5355:
5313:
2676:
1718:"Passport Revised by New Zealand; The Word 'British' Will Be Dropped From Cover"
740:
520:
282:
277:
273:
202:
198:
92:
826:
at citizenship ceremonies that take place three to five months after approval.
5755:
3478:
3453:
3364:
2563:
2535:
2514:
2472:
2361:
790:
367:
57:
2838:
Mansergh, Nicholas (1952). "Ireland: The Republic Outside the Commonwealth".
638:
to create its own citizenship, which came into force at the same time as the
3380:
Thwaites, Rayner (May 2017). Report on Citizenship Law: Australia (Report).
3329:
3236:
2947:
2343:
1402:
1081:
561:
480:
363:
340:
3556:
3032:
2661:
2322:
2752:
706:
Applicants who successfully apply for citizenship are required to take an
5750:
5695:
5323:
5289:
3284:
2805:
Lloyd, Trevor (1998). "Partition, within, Partition: The Irish Example".
553:
3372:
2830:
5745:
5705:
5428:
3244:
3196:
2865:
2797:
2571:
2505:
2431:
2314:
497:
376:
222:
104:
3416:
3390:
2931:
727:
significant number of Samoans already living in New Zealand to become
2822:
2721:
Defining British Citizenship: Empire, Commonwealth and Modern Britain
168:
3188:
3169:
Ray, P. Orman (August 1918). "Woman Suffrage in Foreign Countries".
2891:
2874:
2857:
2789:
2423:
4019:
3552:
New Zealand Government self-check tool for citizenship requirements
2306:
1413:
1411:
780:
454:
Chinese immigration to New Zealand began in the 1860s during the
1319:
1317:
1315:
501:
218:
100:
5432:
4023:
3560:
2770:
Lee, Joseph (1889). "Anti-Chinese Legislation in Australasia".
679:
As a sign of New Zealand's changing relationship with Britain,
527:
under New Zealand control. Following the recommendation of the
3427:"New Zealand Immigration Policies and the Law - A Perspective"
891:
889:
3058:
Whitewashing Britain: Race and Citizenship in the Postwar Era
2053:
2051:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
3128:"The Independence of Western Samoa - Some Conceptual Issues"
1949:
1947:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1266:
1264:
237:). Foreign nationals may be granted citizenship if they are
1676:
1674:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
998:
996:
3519:"British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948"
1783:
1781:
1116:
1114:
3401:
Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law
2134:
2132:
1916:"Ensuring New Zealand's Constitution is Fit for Purpose"
1603:
British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
1227:
1225:
636:
British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
606:
British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
213:, which includes the country of New Zealand itself, the
176:
British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
3399:
Wade, E.C.S. (1948). "British Nationality Act, 1948".
1649:
1647:
252:. Over time, the colony was granted more autonomy and
6418:
2212:"New Zealand's population reflects growing diversity"
3214:"The Common Travel Area between Britain and Ireland"
400:; British subject women participated in their first
6300:
6132:
6010:
5952:
5807:
5780:
5686:
5579:
5566:
5467:
5364:
5306:
5247:
5200:
5101:
4991:
4818:
4811:
4580:
4505:
4362:
4355:
4064:
4057:
3981:
3928:
British nationality law and the Republic of Ireland
3910:
3612:
3594:
3254:"The Loss of Birthright Citizenship in New Zealand"
2967:"Gender and the Myth of a White Zealand, 1866–1928"
1255:
209:on 1 January 1978. Regulations apply to the entire
167:
153:
143:
135:
125:
115:
84:
74:
45:
31:
3425:
2440:
747:The Cook Islands became a self-governing state in
359:that regularly granted foreigners subject status.
546:British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act 1914
2943:Corporate Branding: Areas, arenas and approaches
2670:Historical background information on nationality
2123:
1883:"Shearer joins movement to change oath to Queen"
1811:
1403:Historical background information on nationality
1082:Historical background information on nationality
907:
895:
444:Discriminatory policies against Chinese migrants
3994:British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983
2902:Global Migration: Old Assumptions, New Dynamics
722:Nationality arrangements for former territories
324:applied to the colony. All New Zealanders were
3082:"Citizenship laws in the Realm of New Zealand"
2240:
1994:
1982:
1354:
1204:
1180:
560:The 1914 regulations codified the doctrine of
343:dominions was a natural-born British subject.
197:details the conditions by which a person is a
5444:
4035:
3572:
2480:Evans, J. M. (1972). "Immigration Act 1971".
2071:"Part 3: Citizenship and permanent residency"
629:1946 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference
8:
5182:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
3258:Victoria University of Wellington Law Review
3135:Victoria University of Wellington Law Review
2264:
2111:
2057:
2042:
2030:
1970:
1799:
1518:
1342:
1323:
1021:
1002:
765:Nationality regulations apply to the entire
6461:New Zealand and the Commonwealth of Nations
3409:Cambridge University Press & Assessment
3006:Moloughney, Brian; Stenhouse, John (1999).
2556:Cambridge University Press & Assessment
2182:"New citizens by grant by country of birth"
1849:"NZ to review swearing allegiance to Queen"
1748:
1132:
6138:
6016:
5813:
5576:
5572:
5473:
5451:
5437:
5429:
4815:
4359:
4061:
4042:
4028:
4020:
3579:
3565:
3557:
1270:
1045:
869:Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens
761:Entitlement by birth, descent, or adoption
37:
3389:
3273:
3089:New Zealand Yearbook of International Law
2930:
2890:
2534:
3162:Australasian Legal Information Institute
1760:
1578:
1554:
1489:
1441:
1306:
1282:
1243:
1192:
1093:
1069:
1057:
1033:
987:
951:
616:creation of Canadian citizenship in 1946
6425:
3523:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
3512:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
3116:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
2168:
2018:
1626:
1501:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1417:
1390:
1120:
885:
739:Faced with the prospect of a potential
733:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
63:
3444:from the original on 16 September 2021
3440:. William S. Hein & Co.: 173–188.
3433:Immigration and Nationality Law Review
3181:American Political Science Association
3106:from the original on 16 September 2021
2879:Observatoire de la Société Britannique
2463:from the original on 16 September 2021
2252:
2099:
2006:
1953:
1932:from the original on 16 September 2021
1772:
1665:
1590:
1429:
1378:
1366:
1231:
1216:
1168:
1144:
1105:
963:
28:
3999:British Overseas Territories Act 2002
3923:British nationality law and Hong Kong
3485:from the original on 24 February 2018
2940:Melewar, T C; Alwi, S F Syed (2015).
2686:from the original on 29 December 2018
2547:Canadian Journal of Political Science
1895:from the original on 24 November 2020
1835:
1823:
1692:
1680:
1638:
975:
7:
3933:British Overseas Territories citizen
3303:from the original on 27 January 2021
2610:Gosewinkel, Dieter (15 April 2008).
2192:from the original on 6 February 2018
1863:from the original on 27 October 2016
1787:
1704:
1653:
1614:
1566:
1542:
1530:
335:Any person born in New Zealand, the
3152:from the original on 13 August 2021
2703:. New Zealand Business Roundtable.
2442:"New Zealand Citizenship Redefined"
2081:from the original on 4 January 2021
1294:
1156:
756:Acquisition and loss of citizenship
435:under a single person's ownership.
241:and live in any part of the Realm.
2589:Fransman's British Nationality Law
2498:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1972.tb02363.x
2222:from the original on 2 August 2021
1730:from the original on 3 August 2021
820:oath or affirmation of citizenship
708:oath or affirmation of citizenship
688:Transition to national citizenship
600:Changing relationship with Britain
308:History of British nationality law
25:
3473:. R.E. Owen, Government Printer.
3266:Victoria University of Wellington
3172:American Political Science Review
3143:Victoria University of Wellington
3042:from the original on 24 July 2020
2993:from the original on 24 June 2021
2646:Twentieth Century British History
2527:Victoria University of Wellington
2150:from the original on 1 March 2021
316:in 1840 after the signing of the
312:New Zealand became a part of the
6466:Foreign relations of New Zealand
6428:
5411:
5410:
4132:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3817:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2628:from the original on 27 May 2019
714:, who is the same person as the
665:Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962
5277:Birth aboard aircraft and ships
3471:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
3080:Perham, Elisabeth Rose (2011).
2675:(Report). 1.0. United Kingdom:
1914:McGuinness, Wendy (July 2013).
1256:Moloughney & Stenhouse 1999
926:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
798:New Zealand permanent residency
586:British Commonwealth of Nations
408:Māori conflicts and integration
5114:Federated States of Micronesia
4478:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
3953:Permanent resident (Australia)
3349:The Journal of Pacific History
3016:New Zealand Journal of History
2975:New Zealand Journal of History
2773:Quarterly Journal of Economics
2519:Journal of New Zealand Studies
2416:University of British Columbia
2075:Controller and Auditor-General
845:Relinquishment and deprivation
710:pledging their loyalty to the
148:Department of Internal Affairs
1:
4004:Canadian Citizenship Act 1946
3461:Wilson, James Oakley (1966).
3382:European University Institute
3318:Citizenship in a Global World
2923:European University Institute
2741:Citizenship in a Global World
2701:The Maori Seats in Parliament
789:at a citizenship ceremony in
529:Permanent Mandates Commission
523:. After the war, it became a
244:New Zealand was previously a
5395:British Overseas Territories
3989:British Nationality Act 1981
3538:Parliamentary Counsel Office
2739:Kondo, Atsushi, ed. (2001).
2389:10.1080/00358533.2011.633381
1492:, pp. 114–115, 122–126.
701:British Nationality Act 1981
657:Minister of Internal Affairs
640:British Nationality Act 1948
479:, and the islands of modern
254:gradually became independent
246:colony of the British Empire
162:Minister of Internal Affairs
6451:New Zealand nationality law
5265:Renunciation of citizenship
3963:UK Ancestry Entry Clearance
3958:Permanent resident (Canada)
3424:Williams, David V. (1980).
3275:10.26686/vuwlr.v44i3/4.4975
2965:Mercer, Harriet J. (2018).
933:. 16 June 1977. p. 553
694:Independence of New Zealand
590:Statute of Westminster 1931
423:legal authority over them.
389:Colonial Secretary's Office
328:, including the indigenous
195:New Zealand nationality law
120:38th New Zealand Parliament
6482:
6456:Immigration to New Zealand
5539:New Zealand and Antarctica
3943:Indefinite leave to remain
2299:Cambridge University Press
2290:Journal of British Studies
1205:Bourassa & Strong 2002
1181:Bourassa & Strong 2002
921:"Citizens and Aliens Bill"
864:Visa policy of New Zealand
691:
603:
447:
411:
339:, or anywhere else within
297:
6387:
6287:Structural discrimination
6238:New Zealand Sign Language
6141:
6019:
5816:
5575:
5519:
5476:
5390:
3911:Rights, issues, and visas
3365:10.1080/00223349408572756
3252:Sawyer, Caroline (2013).
2724:. Frank Cass Publishers.
2699:Joseph, Philip A (2008).
2587:Fransman, Laurie (2011).
2564:10.1017/S0008423900032455
533:British protected persons
525:League of Nations mandate
248:and local residents were
182:
174:
52:
36:
5933:House of Representatives
4112:Central African Republic
3588:Commonwealth citizenship
3500:Legislation and case law
3297:University of Wollongong
3063:Cornell University Press
2718:Karatani, Rieko (2003).
2513:Fairburn, Miles (2004).
2265:McMillan & Hood 2016
2140:"Citizenship ceremonies"
2112:McMillan & Hood 2016
2058:McMillan & Hood 2016
2043:McMillan & Hood 2016
2031:McMillan & Hood 2016
1971:McMillan & Hood 2016
1800:McMillan & Hood 2016
1519:McMillan & Hood 2016
1420:, pp. 526, 528–529.
1343:McMillan & Hood 2016
1324:McMillan & Hood 2016
1022:McMillan & Hood 2016
1003:McMillan & Hood 2016
634:New Zealand enacted the
578:1926 Imperial Conference
488:Territorial acquisitions
460:House of Representatives
5795:Territorial authorities
5210:Commonwealth of Nations
3596:Commonwealth of Nations
3330:10.1057/9780333993880_9
3237:10.1111/1468-2230.00356
3055:Paul, Kathleen (1997).
2850:Oxford University Press
2782:Oxford University Press
2654:Oxford University Press
2536:10.26686/jnzs.v0i2/3.90
2439:Dawkins, K. E. (1978).
1749:Melewar & Alwi 2015
425:Franchise qualification
322:British nationality law
6056:Information technology
5024:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3530:"Citizenship Act 1977"
3283:Seuffert, Nan (2003).
3212:Ryan, Bernard (2001).
3124:Quentin-Baxter, Alison
3025:University of Auckland
2984:University of Auckland
2216:Statistics New Zealand
2186:New Zealand Government
2144:New Zealand Government
1888:The New Zealand Herald
931:New Zealand Parliament
793:
580:, jointly issuing the
398:right to vote to women
47:New Zealand Parliament
5407:Partially recognized.
4272:São Tomé and Príncipe
3948:Irish nationality law
3807:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3622:Antigua & Barbuda
3221:The Modern Law Review
2873:McKay, James (2008).
2841:International Affairs
2807:International Journal
2753:10.1057/9780333993880
2593:Bloomsbury Publishing
2482:The Modern Law Review
2218:. 22 September 2019.
2009:, pp. 30–31, 33.
1668:, pp. 90, 94–95.
784:
777:Voluntary acquisition
681:New Zealand passports
506:British protectorates
300:Colony of New Zealand
262:Commonwealth citizens
5346:Second-class citizen
5319:Multiple citizenship
4788:United Arab Emirates
4422:(Kingdom of Denmark)
3938:Commonwealth citizen
3604:Commonwealth citizen
3357:Taylor & Francis
3324:. pp. 158–175.
2883:University of Toulon
2662:10.1093/tcbh/10.1.67
2381:Taylor & Francis
2346:. pp. 105–124.
2124:Citizenship Act 1977
1923:McGuinness Institute
1891:. 20 December 2011.
1857:Agence France-Presse
1812:Citizenship Act 1977
908:Citizenship Act 1977
896:Citizenship Act 1977
767:Realm of New Zealand
648:Commonwealth citizen
610:Commonwealth citizen
540:Imperial common code
519:from 1900 until the
504:respectively became
456:West Coast gold rush
450:New Zealand head tax
420:assimilate the Māori
211:Realm of New Zealand
144:Administered by
89:Realm of New Zealand
32:Citizenship Act 1977
18:Citizenship Act 1977
6233:New Zealand English
5924:Official Opposition
5336:Permanent residency
5255:Loss of citizenship
5230:Caribbean Community
4483:Trinidad and Tobago
4468:St. Kitts and Nevis
4370:Antigua and Barbuda
3872:Trinidad and Tobago
3534:legislation.govt.nz
2619:European Parliament
2457:University of Otago
2241:Quentin-Baxter 1987
2171:, pp. 204–205.
2102:, pp. 232–233.
1997:, pp. 365–366.
1995:Quentin-Baxter 1987
1985:, pp. 364–365.
1983:Quentin-Baxter 1987
1956:, pp. 653–654.
1790:, pp. 182–183.
1695:, pp. 515–516.
1683:, pp. 508–509.
1504:, pp. 553–554.
1468:, pp. 546–549.
1393:, pp. 527–528.
1355:Quentin-Baxter 1987
1285:, pp. 178–179.
1207:, pp. 233–235.
1195:, pp. 194–195.
1183:, pp. 233–234.
806:permanent residents
802:Australian citizens
712:New Zealand monarch
582:Balfour Declaration
372:Imperial Parliament
294:Colonial-era policy
239:permanent residents
235:Australian citizens
6103:Telecommunications
5524:Treaty of Waitangi
4410:Dominican Republic
3982:Acts of Parliament
3322:Palgrave Macmillan
2745:Palgrave Macmillan
1925:. pp. 24–25.
1723:The New York Times
794:
729:illegal immigrants
669:Common Travel Area
393:oath of allegiance
318:Treaty of Waitangi
85:Territorial extent
6416:
6415:
6383:
6382:
6171:Gender inequality
6128:
6127:
6006:
6005:
5939:Political funding
5848:Foreign relations
5836:Political parties
5803:
5802:
5776:
5775:
5562:
5561:
5511:Political history
5426:
5425:
5400:Open border with
5243:
5242:
5097:
5096:
4576:
4575:
4496:US Virgin Islands
4423:
4147:Equatorial Guinea
4017:
4016:
3968:UK right of abode
3508:"Aliens Act 1866"
3339:978-0-333-80266-3
3072:978-0-8014-8440-7
2957:978-0-415-72112-7
2762:978-0-333-80266-3
2710:978-1-877394-18-8
2602:978-1-845920-95-1
2353:978-1-921536-94-6
2267:, pp. 16–17.
1444:, pp. 86–88.
1432:, pp. 34–35.
1326:, pp. 11–12.
1147:, pp. 24–25.
1072:, pp. 55–56.
1036:, pp. 41–42.
929:. Vol. 410.
852:national interest
716:British sovereign
437:Māori electorates
402:elections in 1893
345:Foreign nationals
190:
189:
16:(Redirected from
6473:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6424:
6396:
6139:
6017:
5974:Governor-General
5831:Electoral system
5814:
5741:Palmerston North
5577:
5573:
5534:Women's suffrage
5529:New Zealand Wars
5496:Military history
5491:Economic history
5474:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5430:
5414:
5413:
5260:Denaturalization
5149:Papua New Guinea
5134:Marshall Islands
4816:
4421:
4360:
4062:
4051:Nationality laws
4044:
4037:
4030:
4021:
4009:Ireland Act 1949
3973:Windrush scandal
3797:Papua New Guinea
3614:Nationality laws
3581:
3574:
3567:
3558:
3540:
3525:
3514:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3429:
3420:
3395:
3393:
3376:
3343:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3289:Law Text Culture
3279:
3277:
3248:
3218:
3208:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3151:
3132:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3086:
3076:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2992:
2971:
2961:
2936:
2934:
2917:
2896:
2894:
2869:
2834:
2823:10.2307/40203326
2801:
2766:
2735:
2714:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2685:
2679:. 21 July 2017.
2674:
2665:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2616:
2606:
2591:(3rd ed.).
2583:
2540:
2538:
2509:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2448:Otago Law Review
2444:
2435:
2400:
2365:
2334:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2136:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1920:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1726:. 3 March 1964.
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1327:
1321:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1006:
1000:
991:
985:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
942:
940:
938:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
810:English language
749:free association
550:4 & 5 Geo. 5
517:German territory
414:New Zealand Wars
357:General Assembly
326:British subjects
250:British subjects
41:
29:
21:
6481:
6480:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6471:
6470:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6429:
6427:
6419:
6417:
6412:
6399:
6392:
6379:
6355:Public holidays
6350:Performing arts
6296:
6188:Gender equality
6124:
6002:
5948:
5799:
5772:
5682:
5656:Marine reserves
5651:Protected areas
5558:
5515:
5506:Natural history
5463:
5457:
5427:
5422:
5386:
5360:
5341:Right of return
5302:
5239:
5202:
5196:
5159:Solomon Islands
5093:
5059:Northern Cyprus
5054:North Macedonia
4987:
4822:
4807:
4572:
4501:
4351:
4053:
4048:
4018:
4013:
3977:
3918:Belonger status
3906:
3842:Solomon Islands
3608:
3590:
3585:
3548:
3543:
3528:
3517:
3506:
3502:
3497:
3488:
3486:
3467:McLintock, A.H.
3460:
3447:
3445:
3423:
3398:
3379:
3346:
3340:
3315:
3306:
3304:
3282:
3251:
3216:
3211:
3189:10.2307/1946097
3168:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3130:
3122:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3084:
3079:
3073:
3054:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3010:
3005:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2939:
2920:
2904:. Vol. 2.
2899:
2892:10.4000/osb.433
2872:
2858:10.2307/2607413
2837:
2815:SAGE Publishing
2804:
2790:10.2307/1879468
2769:
2763:
2738:
2732:
2717:
2711:
2698:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2672:
2668:
2642:Hansen, Randall
2640:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2586:
2543:
2512:
2479:
2466:
2464:
2438:
2424:10.2307/4127184
2407:Pacific Affairs
2403:
2372:The Round Table
2368:
2354:
2337:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2251:
2247:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2082:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2056:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2005:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1960:
1952:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1859:. 23 May 2004.
1847:
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1500:
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1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
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1365:
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1353:
1349:
1341:
1330:
1322:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1277:
1271:Beaglehole 2009
1269:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1230:
1223:
1219:, pp. 8–9.
1215:
1211:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1133:Aliens Act 1866
1131:
1127:
1119:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1046:Gosewinkel 2008
1044:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1009:
1001:
994:
986:
982:
978:, pp. 2–3.
974:
970:
962:
958:
950:
946:
936:
934:
919:
918:
914:
906:
902:
894:
887:
882:
877:
860:
847:
838:Samoan citizens
787:Charles Chauvel
779:
763:
758:
731:. In 1982, the
724:
696:
690:
612:
602:
542:
521:First World War
490:
452:
446:
431:rather than by
416:
410:
381:New South Wales
320:. Accordingly,
310:
304:British subject
296:
291:
270:
227:Ross Dependency
207:came into force
131:1 December 1977
116:Enacted by
109:Ross Dependency
70:
67:
62:
61:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6479:
6477:
6469:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6443:
6442:
6438:
6437:
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6413:
6411:
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6405:
6398:
6397:
6389:
6388:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
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6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
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6317:
6312:
6306:
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6298:
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6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6166:Ethnic origins
6158:
6153:
6148:
6142:
6136:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6118:Rail transport
6113:Transportation
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6093:Social welfare
6090:
6085:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6031:
6020:
6014:
6008:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6001:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5991:Prime Minister
5988:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5971:
5970:
5969:
5958:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
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5936:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5909:Māori politics
5906:
5905:
5904:
5894:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5877:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5855:
5850:
5845:
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5838:
5833:
5823:
5817:
5811:
5805:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5786:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5770:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5692:
5690:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5661:National parks
5658:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5604:Climate change
5601:
5596:
5591:
5585:
5583:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5557:
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5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
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5471:
5465:
5464:
5462: articles
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5333:
5332:
5331:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5286:
5279:
5272:Naturalization
5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5225:Nordic Council
5222:
5217:
5215:European Union
5212:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5178:American Samoa
5171:
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5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5105:
5103:
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5098:
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5089:United Kingdom
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4995:
4993:
4992:Rest of Europe
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
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4945:
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4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4858:Czech Republic
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4829:
4827:
4820:European Union
4813:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
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4755:
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4605:
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4560:
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4550:
4545:
4540:
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4509:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4500:
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4455:
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4425:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4337:Western Sahara
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4127:Congo Republic
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4068:
4066:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4024:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3887:United Kingdom
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3547:
3546:External links
3544:
3542:
3541:
3526:
3515:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3458:
3421:
3396:
3377:
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3313:
3280:
3249:
3209:
3166:
3120:
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3071:
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3003:
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2802:
2767:
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2638:
2607:
2601:
2584:
2541:
2510:
2477:
2436:
2401:
2366:
2362:j.ctt24h2v9.13
2352:
2335:
2307:10.1086/386266
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2257:
2255:, p. 672.
2245:
2243:, p. 366.
2233:
2203:
2173:
2161:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2062:
2047:
2035:
2023:
2021:, p. 202.
2011:
1999:
1987:
1975:
1958:
1943:
1906:
1874:
1840:
1838:, p. 654.
1828:
1826:, p. 640.
1816:
1804:
1792:
1777:
1775:, p. 563.
1765:
1753:
1741:
1709:
1707:, p. 181.
1697:
1685:
1670:
1658:
1656:, p. 862.
1643:
1631:
1629:, p. 205.
1619:
1607:
1595:
1593:, p. 231.
1583:
1581:, p. 278.
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1523:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1480:, p. 552.
1470:
1458:
1456:, p. 522.
1446:
1434:
1422:
1407:
1395:
1383:
1371:
1359:
1357:, p. 363.
1347:
1328:
1311:
1299:
1297:, p. 223.
1287:
1275:
1273:, p. 115.
1260:
1248:
1236:
1234:, p. 555.
1221:
1209:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1159:, p. 471.
1149:
1137:
1125:
1123:, p. 209.
1110:
1098:
1086:
1074:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1026:
1007:
992:
990:, p. 163.
980:
968:
956:
944:
912:
900:
884:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
866:
859:
856:
846:
843:
824:local councils
778:
775:
762:
759:
757:
754:
723:
720:
689:
686:
601:
598:
541:
538:
489:
486:
448:Main article:
445:
442:
433:freehold title
429:communal title
409:
406:
337:United Kingdom
314:British Empire
295:
292:
290:
287:
269:
266:
258:United Kingdom
188:
187:
180:
179:
172:
171:
165:
164:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
139:1 January 1978
137:
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117:
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33:
24:
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13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6478:
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6462:
6459:
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6448:
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6422:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6395:
6391:
6390:
6386:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6335:Māori culture
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6307:
6305:
6303:
6299:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
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6209:
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6162:
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6149:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6077:
6076:Child poverty
6074:
6073:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6061:Manufacturing
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6035:
6034:Wine industry
6032:
6030:
6029:Dairy farming
6027:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6009:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5975:
5972:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5944:Public sector
5942:
5940:
5937:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5898:
5895:
5891:
5890:Chief Justice
5888:
5886:
5885:Supreme Court
5883:
5882:
5881:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5806:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5759:
5758:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5689:
5685:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5565:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5501:Māori history
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5461:
5454:
5449:
5447:
5442:
5440:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5419:
5418:
5409:
5406:
5403:
5402:Schengen Area
5399:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5351:Statelessness
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5299:
5296:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5283:Ius sanguinis
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5236:
5235:African Union
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5203:organizations
5201:International
5199:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5174:United States
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:Liechtenstein
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4825:Schengen Area
4821:
4817:
4814:
4810:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4579:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4504:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4488:United States
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4187:Guinea-Bissau
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4033:
4031:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3582:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3563:
3562:
3559:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3463:"Nationality"
3459:
3455:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3167:
3163:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3053:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3009:
3004:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2968:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2842:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2731:0-7146-8298-5
2727:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2702:
2697:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2234:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2162:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2114:, p. 18.
2113:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2060:, p. 15.
2059:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1973:, p. 14.
1972:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1928:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1907:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1761:McMillan 2015
1757:
1754:
1751:, p. 70.
1750:
1745:
1742:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1620:
1617:, p. 72.
1616:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1579:Mansergh 1952
1575:
1572:
1569:, p. 73.
1568:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1555:Thwaites 2017
1551:
1548:
1545:, p. 70.
1544:
1539:
1536:
1533:, p. 69.
1532:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:Karatani 2003
1486:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1442:Karatani 2003
1438:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1405:, p. 10.
1404:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1381:, p. 34.
1380:
1375:
1372:
1369:, p. 31.
1368:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1345:, p. 12.
1344:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1309:, p. 68.
1308:
1307:Fairburn 2004
1303:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1283:Williams 1980
1279:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1258:, p. 47.
1257:
1252:
1249:
1246:, p. 67.
1245:
1244:Fairburn 2004
1240:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1193:Seuffert 2003
1189:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1171:, p. 29.
1170:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1108:, p. 26.
1107:
1102:
1099:
1096:, p. 56.
1095:
1094:Karatani 2003
1090:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:Karatani 2003
1066:
1063:
1060:, p. 41.
1059:
1058:Karatani 2003
1054:
1051:
1048:, p. 13.
1047:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1034:Karatani 2003
1030:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
993:
989:
988:Spoonley 2001
984:
981:
977:
972:
969:
965:
960:
957:
953:
952:Fransman 2011
948:
945:
932:
928:
927:
922:
916:
913:
909:
904:
901:
897:
892:
890:
886:
879:
874:
870:
867:
865:
862:
861:
857:
855:
853:
844:
842:
839:
835:
833:
827:
825:
821:
816:
815:Crown service
811:
807:
803:
799:
792:
788:
783:
776:
774:
770:
768:
760:
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730:
721:
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673:Great Britain
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513:Western Samoa
510:
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185:
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156:
154:Introduced by
152:
149:
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121:
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110:
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64:
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59:
51:
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44:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
6310:Architecture
6277:Prostitution
6203:Homelessness
6161:Demographics
6150:
6083:Reserve Bank
5858:Human rights
5821:Constitution
5782:Subdivisions
5736:New Plymouth
5721:Invercargill
5701:Christchurch
5634:South Island
5629:North Island
5589:Biodiversity
5554:Independence
5416:
5382:Soviet Union
5377:Ancient Rome
5372:Nazi Germany
5298:Repatriation
5288:
5281:
5248:By procedure
5138:
4783:Turkmenistan
4738:Saudi Arabia
4302:South Africa
4287:Sierra Leone
4092:Burkina Faso
4058:By continent
3847:South Africa
3832:Sierra Leone
3781:
3533:
3487:. Retrieved
3470:
3452:– via
3448:22 September
3446:. Retrieved
3437:
3431:
3404:
3400:
3352:
3348:
3317:
3305:. Retrieved
3292:
3288:
3261:
3257:
3224:
3220:
3176:
3170:
3160:– via
3154:. Retrieved
3138:
3134:
3114:– via
3110:16 September
3108:. Retrieved
3092:
3088:
3057:
3044:. Retrieved
3020:
3014:
2995:. Retrieved
2979:
2973:
2942:
2901:
2878:
2845:
2839:
2810:
2806:
2777:
2771:
2740:
2720:
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2649:
2645:
2630:. Retrieved
2588:
2551:
2545:
2522:
2518:
2485:
2481:
2471:– via
2467:22 September
2465:. Retrieved
2452:
2446:
2411:
2405:
2376:
2370:
2339:
2294:
2288:
2280:Publications
2260:
2248:
2236:
2224:. Retrieved
2206:
2194:. Retrieved
2176:
2169:Dawkins 1978
2164:
2152:. Retrieved
2119:
2107:
2095:
2083:. Retrieved
2065:
2045:, p. 8.
2038:
2033:, p. 9.
2026:
2019:Dawkins 1978
2014:
2002:
1990:
1978:
1936:16 September
1934:. Retrieved
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1886:
1877:
1865:. Retrieved
1843:
1831:
1819:
1807:
1802:, p. 7.
1795:
1768:
1763:, p. 3.
1756:
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1721:
1712:
1700:
1688:
1661:
1634:
1627:Dawkins 1978
1622:
1610:
1598:
1586:
1574:
1562:
1557:, p. 2.
1550:
1538:
1526:
1521:, p. 6.
1502:Baldwin 2001
1497:
1485:
1478:Baldwin 2001
1473:
1466:Baldwin 2001
1461:
1454:Baldwin 2001
1449:
1437:
1425:
1418:Baldwin 2001
1398:
1391:Baldwin 2001
1386:
1374:
1362:
1350:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1251:
1239:
1212:
1200:
1188:
1176:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1121:Dawkins 1978
1101:
1089:
1084:, p. 8.
1077:
1065:
1053:
1041:
1029:
1024:, p. 4.
1005:, p. 3.
983:
971:
959:
954:, p. 4.
947:
935:. Retrieved
924:
915:
903:
848:
836:
828:
795:
771:
764:
746:
738:
725:
705:
697:
678:
661:
645:
633:
613:
594:
574:
570:
566:denaturalise
559:
543:
511:
494:Cook Islands
491:
453:
417:
385:
361:
334:
311:
271:
243:
231:
215:Cook Islands
194:
193:
191:
183:
178:(1948 No 15)
158:Allan Highet
127:Royal assent
97:Cook Islands
56:
26:
6435:New Zealand
6245:LGBT issues
6213:Immigration
6151:Citizenship
6088:Rogernomics
6024:Agriculture
5902:enforcement
5614:Environment
5609:Earthquakes
5486:Archaeology
5460:New Zealand
5356:Travel visa
5314:Citizenship
5139:New Zealand
4983:Switzerland
4938:Netherlands
4748:South Korea
4728:Philippines
4708:North Korea
4588:Afghanistan
4492:Puerto Rico
4415:El Salvador
4307:South Sudan
4192:Ivory Coast
3812:Saint Lucia
3782:New Zealand
3632:The Bahamas
3299:: 186–220.
3268:: 653–674.
3231:: 855–874.
3183:: 469–474.
3145:: 345–372.
3099:: 219–240.
2852:: 277–291.
2817:: 505–521.
2784:: 218–224.
2677:Home Office
2558:: 551–576.
2492:: 508–524.
2459:: 201–216.
2418:: 227–260.
2383:: 639–654.
2301:: 522–556.
2253:Sawyer 2013
2100:Perham 2011
2085:30 December
2007:Tagupa 1994
1954:Sawyer 2013
1773:Fleras 1985
1666:Hansen 1999
1591:Perham 2011
1430:Mercer 2018
1379:Tagupa 1994
1367:Mercer 2018
1232:Fleras 1985
1217:Joseph 2008
1169:Mercer 2018
1145:Mercer 2018
1106:Mercer 2018
964:Wilson 1966
832:2018 census
741:brain drain
283:Anglosphere
278:nationality
274:citizenship
268:Terminology
203:New Zealand
93:New Zealand
6445:Categories
6375:Television
6330:Literature
6218:Irreligion
6198:Healthcare
6183:Euthanasia
5954:Government
5929:Parliament
5863:Disability
5756:Wellington
5069:San Marino
5049:Montenegro
5014:Azerbaijan
4928:Luxembourg
4793:Uzbekistan
4763:Tajikistan
4668:Kyrgyzstan
4663:Kazakhstan
4623:East Timor
4598:Bangladesh
4420:Greenland
4395:Costa Rica
4297:Somaliland
4282:Seychelles
4247:Mozambique
4232:Mauritania
4217:Madagascar
4172:The Gambia
4107:Cape Verde
3827:Seychelles
3767:Mozambique
3697:The Gambia
3637:Bangladesh
3479:1014037525
3454:HeinOnline
3391:1814/46449
3046:11 January
2932:1814/42648
2885:: 89–108.
2617:(Report).
2473:HeinOnline
2126:, s. 8(5).
1836:Bloom 2011
1824:Bloom 2011
1814:, s. 2(1).
1693:Lloyd 1998
1681:Evans 1972
1639:McKay 2008
1605:, s. 8(2).
976:Kondo 2001
910:, s. 1(2).
875:References
791:Wellington
692:See also:
604:See also:
412:See also:
368:common law
349:naturalise
298:See also:
225:, and the
107:, and the
91:(includes
79:1977 No 61
58:Long title
6223:Languages
6178:Education
6041:Companies
5986:Ministers
5880:Judiciary
5826:Elections
5768:Whangārei
5673:Volcanism
5646:Mountains
5568:Geography
5307:By result
5109:Australia
4923:Lithuania
4753:Sri Lanka
4743:Singapore
4723:Palestine
4633:Indonesia
4568:Venezuela
4513:Argentina
4473:St. Lucia
4458:Nicaragua
4433:Guatemala
4237:Mauritius
3852:Sri Lanka
3837:Singapore
3762:Mauritius
3627:Australia
3411:: 67–75.
3359:: 19–35.
3205:146961744
3156:13 August
3027:: 43–64.
2986:: 23–41.
2948:Routledge
2656:: 67–95.
2580:153484550
2529:: 65–85.
2397:154726067
2344:ANU Press
2196:4 January
1788:Paul 1997
1705:Paul 1997
1654:Ryan 2001
1615:Wade 1948
1567:Wade 1948
1543:Wade 1948
1531:Wade 1948
937:25 August
880:Citations
562:coverture
554:Dominions
481:Indonesia
477:Mauritius
473:Hong Kong
364:precedent
272:Although
256:from the
136:Commenced
6403:Category
6282:Religion
6250:Naturism
6146:Abortion
6098:Taxation
5919:Monarchy
5914:Military
5868:Intersex
5809:Politics
5751:Tauranga
5716:Hastings
5711:Hamilton
5696:Auckland
5581:Physical
5549:Dominion
5481:Timeline
5417:Category
5329:Internal
5324:Passport
5290:Ius soli
5220:Mercosur
5129:Kiribati
4968:Slovenia
4963:Slovakia
4953:Portugal
4843:Bulgaria
4773:Thailand
4718:Pakistan
4693:Mongolia
4688:Malaysia
4613:Cambodia
4558:Suriname
4548:Paraguay
4533:Colombia
4443:Honduras
4405:Dominica
4380:Barbados
4356:Americas
4347:Zimbabwe
4317:Tanzania
4162:Ethiopia
4157:Eswatini
4137:Djibouti
4102:Cameroon
4087:Botswana
3902:Zimbabwe
3857:Tanzania
3792:Pakistan
3752:Maldives
3747:Malaysia
3732:Kiribati
3682:Eswatini
3677:Dominica
3662:Cameroon
3652:Botswana
3642:Barbados
3483:Archived
3442:Archived
3373:25169200
3301:Archived
3147:Archived
3126:(1987).
3101:Archived
3037:Archived
3033:22039630
2997:7 August
2988:Archived
2831:40203326
2681:Archived
2632:7 August
2623:Archived
2461:Archived
2323:18161209
2226:7 August
2220:Archived
2190:Archived
2154:7 August
2148:Archived
2079:Archived
1927:Archived
1899:7 August
1893:Archived
1867:7 August
1861:Archived
1853:ABC News
1728:Archived
1295:Lee 1889
1157:Ray 1918
858:See also
624:Pakistan
465:head tax
353:governor
199:national
75:Citation
6394:Outline
6370:Symbols
6325:Cuisine
6302:Culture
6208:Housing
6134:Society
6108:Tourism
6071:Poverty
6012:Economy
5962:Cabinet
5853:Gun law
5790:Regions
5761:capital
5746:Rotorua
5706:Dunedin
5624:Islands
5619:Geology
5599:Climate
5469:History
5365:Defunct
5192:Vanuatu
5102:Oceania
5084:Ukraine
5039:Moldova
5029:Georgia
5019:Belarus
5009:Andorra
5004:Armenia
4999:Albania
4958:Romania
4903:Ireland
4898:Iceland
4893:Hungary
4883:Germany
4873:Finland
4868:Estonia
4863:Denmark
4848:Croatia
4838:Belgium
4833:Austria
4798:Vietnam
4698:Myanmar
4683:Lebanon
4593:Bahrain
4563:Uruguay
4538:Ecuador
4518:Bolivia
4448:Jamaica
4428:Grenada
4375:Bahamas
4327:Tunisia
4292:Somalia
4277:Senegal
4262:Nigeria
4252:Namibia
4242:Morocco
4207:Liberia
4202:Lesotho
4152:Eritrea
4122:Comoros
4097:Burundi
4072:Algeria
3892:Vanuatu
3787:Nigeria
3772:Namibia
3737:Lesotho
3722:Jamaica
3707:Grenada
3469:(ed.).
3407:(3/4).
3307:29 June
3264:(3/4).
3245:1097196
3197:1946097
2914:2449068
2866:2607413
2798:1879468
2690:3 April
2572:3227746
2525:(2/3).
2506:1094478
2432:4127184
2379:(417).
2331:5762190
2315:3070746
2275:Sources
1734:25 June
1135:, s. 9.
653:Ireland
498:Tokelau
377:England
289:History
223:Tokelau
186:Amended
184:Status:
169:Repeals
105:Tokelau
6421:Portal
6408:Portal
6320:Cinema
6260:"Kiwi"
6255:People
6193:Health
6066:Mining
6051:Energy
6046:Dollar
5841:Voting
5731:Nelson
5726:Napier
5688:Cities
5668:Rivers
5544:Colony
5169:Tuvalu
5079:Turkey
5074:Serbia
5064:Russia
5044:Monaco
5034:Kosovo
4978:Sweden
4948:Poland
4943:Norway
4913:Latvia
4888:Greece
4878:France
4853:Cyprus
4812:Europe
4778:Turkey
4768:Taiwan
4673:Kuwait
4658:Jordan
4648:Israel
4608:Brunei
4603:Bhutan
4543:Guyana
4523:Brazil
4463:Panama
4453:Mexico
4390:Canada
4385:Belize
4342:Zambia
4332:Uganda
4267:Rwanda
4222:Malawi
4182:Guinea
4077:Angola
4065:Africa
3897:Zambia
3882:Uganda
3877:Tuvalu
3802:Rwanda
3742:Malawi
3712:Guyana
3672:Cyprus
3667:Canada
3657:Brunei
3647:Belize
3489:1 June
3477:
3417:754289
3415:
3371:
3336:
3243:
3203:
3195:
3069:
3031:
2954:
2912:
2906:Prager
2864:
2829:
2796:
2759:
2728:
2707:
2599:
2578:
2570:
2504:
2430:
2395:
2360:
2350:
2329:
2321:
2313:
800:, but
515:was a
500:, and
306:, and
95:, the
6365:Sport
6360:Radio
6345:Music
6340:Media
6292:Waste
6270:Women
6265:Māori
6228:Māori
6156:Crime
5678:Water
5641:Lakes
5594:Caves
5164:Tonga
5154:Samoa
5144:Palau
5124:Nauru
4973:Spain
4933:Malta
4908:Italy
4803:Yemen
4758:Syria
4733:Qatar
4703:Nepal
4653:Japan
4628:India
4618:China
4528:Chile
4506:South
4438:Haiti
4363:North
4312:Sudan
4257:Niger
4212:Libya
4197:Kenya
4177:Ghana
4167:Gabon
4142:Egypt
4082:Benin
3867:Tonga
3822:Samoa
3777:Nauru
3757:Malta
3727:Kenya
3717:India
3702:Ghana
3692:Gabon
3465:. In
3413:JSTOR
3369:JSTOR
3355:(1).
3295:(9).
3241:JSTOR
3229:Wiley
3227:(6).
3217:(PDF)
3201:S2CID
3193:JSTOR
3179:(3).
3150:(PDF)
3141:(4).
3131:(PDF)
3104:(PDF)
3097:Brill
3085:(PDF)
3040:(PDF)
3023:(1).
3011:(PDF)
2991:(PDF)
2982:(2).
2970:(PDF)
2881:(6).
2862:JSTOR
2848:(3).
2827:JSTOR
2813:(3).
2794:JSTOR
2780:(2).
2684:(PDF)
2673:(PDF)
2652:(1).
2626:(PDF)
2615:(PDF)
2576:S2CID
2568:JSTOR
2554:(3).
2502:JSTOR
2490:Wiley
2488:(5).
2455:(2).
2428:JSTOR
2414:(2).
2393:S2CID
2358:JSTOR
2327:S2CID
2311:JSTOR
2297:(4).
1930:(PDF)
1919:(PDF)
620:India
469:China
341:Crown
330:Māori
5996:list
5979:list
5967:list
5873:LGBT
5186:Guam
5119:Fiji
4823:and
4713:Oman
4678:Laos
4643:Iraq
4638:Iran
4581:Asia
4553:Peru
4400:Cuba
4322:Togo
4227:Mali
4117:Chad
3862:Togo
3687:Fiji
3491:2021
3475:OCLC
3450:2021
3334:ISBN
3309:2021
3158:2021
3112:2021
3067:ISBN
3048:2021
3029:PMID
2999:2021
2952:ISBN
2910:SSRN
2757:ISBN
2726:ISBN
2705:ISBN
2692:2019
2634:2021
2597:ISBN
2469:2021
2348:ISBN
2319:PMID
2228:2021
2198:2021
2156:2021
2087:2020
1938:2021
1901:2021
1869:2021
1736:2021
939:2021
804:and
622:and
608:and
502:Niue
492:The
366:and
276:and
219:Niue
101:Niue
6315:Art
5897:Law
3386:hdl
3361:doi
3326:doi
3270:doi
3233:doi
3185:doi
2927:hdl
2887:doi
2854:doi
2819:doi
2786:doi
2749:doi
2658:doi
2560:doi
2531:doi
2523:2/3
2494:doi
2420:doi
2385:doi
2377:100
2303:doi
785:MP
379:or
355:or
201:of
6447::
5184:,
5180:,
4494:,
3536:,
3532:,
3521:,
3510:,
3481:.
3436:.
3430:.
3405:30
3403:.
3384:.
3367:.
3353:29
3351:.
3332:.
3320:.
3291:.
3287:.
3262:44
3260:.
3256:.
3239:.
3225:64
3223:.
3219:.
3199:.
3191:.
3177:12
3175:.
3139:17
3137:.
3133:.
3095:.
3091:.
3087:.
3065:.
3061:.
3035:.
3021:33
3019:.
3013:.
2980:52
2978:.
2972:.
2950:.
2946:.
2925:.
2908:.
2877:.
2860:.
2846:28
2844:.
2825:.
2811:53
2809:.
2792:.
2776:.
2755:.
2747:.
2743:.
2650:10
2648:.
2621:.
2595:.
2574:.
2566:.
2552:18
2550:.
2521:.
2517:.
2500:.
2486:35
2484:.
2451:.
2445:.
2426:.
2412:75
2410:.
2391:.
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2356:.
2342:.
2325:.
2317:.
2309:.
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2293:.
2214:.
2188:.
2184:.
2146:.
2142:.
2131:^
2077:.
2073:.
2050:^
1961:^
1946:^
1921:.
1885:.
1855:.
1851:.
1780:^
1720:.
1673:^
1646:^
1509:^
1410:^
1331:^
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1263:^
1224:^
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1010:^
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854:.
592:.
496:,
475:,
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221:,
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5438:v
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3456:.
3438:4
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3375:.
3363::
3342:.
3328::
3311:.
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3278:.
3272::
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3235::
3207:.
3187::
3164:.
3118:.
3093:9
3075:.
3050:.
3001:.
2960:.
2935:.
2929::
2916:.
2895:.
2889::
2868:.
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2833:.
2821::
2800:.
2788::
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2496::
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2434:.
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2399:.
2387::
2364:.
2333:.
2305::
2230:.
2200:.
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2089:.
1940:.
1903:.
1871:.
1738:.
1641:.
966:.
941:.
898:.
548:(
111:)
20:)
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