357:"unexpected collapse" was undertaken in 2010 and 2011. The bridge's superstructure and frame were built to then-current standards, but its piles to an outdated 1984 standard, and do not extend fully down to bedrock. In August 2018 an engineering assessment based on a visual inspection found the piles were built to handle lower earthquake loads than the rest of the bridge, but noted that these structural problems might actually improve its resistance to earthquakes, by taking to load off other parts of the structure during an earthquake, and that previous strengthening work had been done correctly, raising it to 40 per cent of New Building Standard.
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In
November 2023, Wellington City Council announced that as part of its ten-year plan it would cut $ 170m from its budget for Civic Square and the City to Sea Bridge. Councillors voted against spending the $ 230m needed to strengthen the bridge and the Capital E building adjoining it, and instead
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Capital and Prow: The sculptures by Matt Pine on either side of the stairs are part of a series of 10 works called
Reflections on an Ancient Past. Capital (above) is based on European classical architectural elements with koru form on the edges. Prow (on the other side) depicts a Maori canoe prow
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Problems with the bridge's design and construction have been ongoing. Remedial work was undertaken shortly after the bridge opened when it was found that small children could fall through gaps. Inadequate drainage leading to rot was discovered in 2009 and urgent strengthening work to prevent its
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allocated $ 65m to look at three options, one involving strengthening and two others the demolition of both structures. One of the original architects, John Gray, began a campaign to save the bridge, stating that losing it would be like "losing a brother".
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In 1983 the
Wellington Civic Trust ran a competition for ideas for the space between the former overseas passenger terminal and the railway station, and to find a solution for the separation of the city from the harbour. Following on from this, architects
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Ngake and Whātaitai, who according to Māori legend created
Wellington Harbour. Poles on the bridge have metal shapes on them. Some represent the moon and stars, signifying celestial navigation. Other symbols on the poles are inspired by those on
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The bridge is adorned with non-traditional wooden sculptures carved by
Matchitt, some of which form its sides. On one side are two large birds representing welcome and festivity. On the other are two whales which can also be seen as the
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Between 15 October 2011 and 31 January 2012, protesters set up a camp on the raised grassed area on the Civic Square side of the bridge. The protest, 'Occupy
Wellington', began in support of the international
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but during the occupation the focus changed to an emphasis on homelessness. The protest cost ratepayers more than $ 65000 in legal fees, security and repairing damage to the lawn.
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The whole layered bridge structure represents the uplifted and eroded landforms of
Wellington and a point of arrival and change. At the Civic Square base of the bridge are two
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to contribute sculptural artworks. The
Council's brief was that the bridge should address the significance of the waterfront and public space.
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Matchitt's work was influenced by Te Kooti's philosophies and he used these symbols in other sculptures as well as the bridge.
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332:(1969). Public reaction to the bridge was mixed when it was built, but it has become a tourist attraction in its own right.
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and John Gray were commissioned by
Wellington City Council to design the bridge, and they brought in artist
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as what he saw as one of the top sculptures that " the urban and the sculptural" in New
Zealand, alongside
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Looking from the bridge down into Civic Square, with Matt Pine's sculptures at the base of the stairs.
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437:"Demolition an option for Wellington's City to Sea Bridge after structural issues investigated"
816:"Structural problems add earthquake strength to Wellington's City to Sea Bridge, report finds"
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157:, New Zealand. Opened on 31 October 1993, the wedge-shaped bridge crosses
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weave motif on the edges - a mix of European and Maori cultural elements.
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Jacobson, Julie (22 June 2024). "Fight to save City-to-Sea Bridge".
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Gray, John (1994). "City-to-Sea Bridge - More Than Meets the Eye".
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848:"Airport shares, City to Sea Bridge could go in council plan"
555:. Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press. pp. 118–119.
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Then-Mayor of Wellington Mark Blumsky on the bridge in 1996.
608:"Capital and Prow - Civic Square - Wellington, New Zealand"
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Dream Collectors: One Hundred Years of Art in New Zealand
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AOL travel - City to Sea Bridge, Wellington, New Zealand
670:"City to Sea Bridge, R. Thompson, J. Gray, P. Matchitt"
485:"Ngake and Whātaitai the taniwha of Wellington harbour"
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is a pedestrian bridge and public artwork located in
780:"Occupy protest cost Wellington ratepayers $ 65,000"
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551:Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (1998).
648:. Auckland: Ron Sang Publications. p. 20.
161:Jervois Quay, connecting the public spaces of
705:AsiaRooms.com - City to Sea Bridge Wellington
8:
900:Buildings and structures in Wellington City
262:Para Matchitt poles decorated with symbols
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165:to the Wellington waterfront precinct at
308:Art historian Robin Woodward identifies
716:Rothwell, Kimberley (19 October 2011).
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618:from the original on 30 September 2021
18:Bridge in Wellington City, New Zealand
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728:from the original on 11 November 2020
413:"Rot attacks bridge from city to sea"
378:Archives Online (18 September 2020).
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759:from the original on 3 February 2012
749:"Wellington Occupiers vow to return"
577:"Civic Centre - Wellington Heritage"
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435:Foneska, Dileepa (29 January 2019).
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390:from the original on 20 January 2020
790:from the original on 1 October 2021
747:Torrie, Bronwyn (31 January 2012).
845:Gourley, Erin (10 November 2023).
826:from the original on 26 April 2019
814:Fonseka, Dileepa (26 April 2019).
587:from the original on 12 April 2017
532:from the original on 28 April 2017
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920:Pedestrian bridges in New Zealand
910:1990s architecture in New Zealand
778:Torrie, Bronwyn (19 April 2012).
915:Bridges in the Wellington Region
419:. The Dominion Post. 3 May 2009.
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232:sculptures by Matt Pine, titled
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905:Concrete bridges in New Zealand
495:from the original on 4 May 2013
380:"Timeline - We Built This City"
925:Wellington Central, Wellington
718:"Welcome to Occupy Wellington"
121:Reinforced concrete and timber
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298:Grill-work porthole in bridge
169:. Around the square are the
179:Wellington City Art Gallery
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606:Denben (13 January 2015).
183:Wellington Central Library
41:looking towards the lagoon
674:Wellington City Libraries
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70:41.288775°S 174.778589°E
581:Wellington City Council
384:Wellington City Council
240:. A plaque here states:
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75:-41.288775; 174.778589
646:Greer Twiss: Sculptor
514:Lloyd, Helen (2013).
489:Ministry of Education
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171:Michael Fowler Centre
175:Wellington Town Hall
640:; Woodward, Robin;
472:. April/May: 28–30.
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310:City to Sea Bridge
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151:City to Sea Bridge
25:City to Sea Bridge
853:www.thepost.co.nz
329:Karangahape Rocks
319:Mountain Fountain
206:Paratene Matchitt
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97:Jervois Quay
39:Civic Square
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324:Greer Twiss
322:(1981) and
89:Pedestrians
73: /
61:174°46′43″E
48:Coordinates
894:Categories
858:9 November
612:Waymarking
536:1 November
365:References
58:41°17′20″S
794:1 October
763:1 October
732:1 October
499:4 October
470:ProDesign
304:Reception
879:The Post
824:Archived
788:Archived
757:Archived
726:Archived
616:Archived
585:Archived
527:Archived
493:Archived
388:Archived
223:Te Wepu.
221:'s flag
219:Te Kooti
139:Location
118:Material
679:18 July
523:Te Papa
446:13 July
336:History
238:Capital
214:taniwha
126:History
94:Crosses
86:Carries
652:
559:
247:Taniko
131:Opened
102:Locale
820:Stuff
784:Stuff
753:Stuff
722:Stuff
530:(PDF)
519:(PDF)
441:Stuff
417:Stuff
245:with
860:2023
832:2021
796:2021
765:2021
734:2021
681:2022
650:ISBN
624:2021
593:2021
557:ISBN
538:2021
501:2021
448:2024
396:2021
236:and
234:Prow
181:and
149:The
134:1993
316:'s
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
