376:
322:
367:
troops of the
Navarre and Normandie regiments led by Marshall Saint LĂ©on. The force advanced inland in search of the English force, which they could not find, but they did capture Osborne's wife and other civilians, forcing the governor to sue for peace. The French took large quantities of armaments, slaves, horses and cattle. 2,000 Irish residents of Montserrat agreed to become subjects of France under the Sieur de Praille as interim governor.
452:
When war broke out between
England and France in 1688 the governor general of the Antilles, Blénac, decided that to ensure the safety of the French on the island he must expel the English. He came to Saint Christopher at the start of 1689 with naval troops, local forces from Martinique and Guadeloupe
387:
entered the
Caribbean and blockaded Saint Christophe. The English fleet arrived off the Nevis point on 4 April 1667. The English stayed out of range of the cannons of the fortifications, but kept frigates off the harbour of Saint Christophe to prevent any French ships entering. Saint-Laurent wrote to
415:
of 14 warships and 15 or 16 barques carrying soldiers reached Saint
Christophe on 17 June 1667. The force disembarked at Pointe-des-Palmistes the next day. After the troops under Saint-Laurent put up a strong resistance, Willoughby chose to withdraw to Nevis. Eight flags had been captured from the
366:
On 4 February 1667 the fleet arrived at
Montserrat. La Barre learned that the garrison of Governor Roger Osborne included many Irish Catholics of dubious loyalty, and decided to land a few days later. His land force included 500 militiamen from Saint Christophe under Saint-Laurent and 500 regular
362:
arrived in Saint
Christophe after having examined all the coasts of Montserrat with a view to invasion. Saint Laurent received his commission as governor of Saint Christophe, signed by the king. All the royal troops stationed on Saint Christophe and 500 militia embarked on 25 ships of barques. La
333:
Saint-Laurent gave the
English settlers the choice of selling up and leaving the island with their slaves and personal effects or becoming subjects of the King of France. Those who stayed would not be allowed to practice their Protestant religion in public. A number chose to stay, and it took some
303:
began that year, and France joined on the side of the
Netherlands in 1666. The French and English had shared Saint Christopher until then. Fighting began on 21 April 1666 (Gregorian calendar), and the French routed the numerically superior English forces two days later. Charles de Sales was killed
350:, or to other English islands or mainland colonies. 500 to 600 English "vagabonds" were expelled first, then 800 Irish, and then property owners. In all 8,000 English left the island, suffering considerable losses. Four of the Protestant churches were seized, dismantled and the beams removed.
457:, who joined the local militia. He attacked the English energetically and drove them back to Fort Charles, which he besieged and took, then transported the English to Jamaica, Barbados and other islands. Saint-Laurent was replaced as governor of Saint Christophe by
432:) the status quo ante was restored. The English settlers returned to find that the French had devastated their estates on the island. From 1668 to 1688 the French and English colonists on Saint Christopher Island (
308:. Saint-Laurent received the English capitulation. He became governor of the whole island. However, in the absence of a formal royal commission the officers of the king's forces refused to accept his command.
33:
234:
Claude de Roux de Saint-Laurent was the son of François Roux, seigneur de Saint
Laurent and Lucréce, daughter of Balthazar Bruin de Castellane. His brother Joseph was received as a chevalier of the
280:
remained sovereign of the islands, and Poincy was confirmed as governor of Saint
Christophe. After Poincy died in 1660 the order, which had still not paid all the purchase money, appointed
334:
time for the others to dispose of their property. Saint-Laurent saw these English settlers as a threat, since he expected an attempt to retake the island. He obtained reinforcements from
1034:
118:
996:(in French), vol. 4, chez la veuve De Lormel & Fils, imprimeur de l'Academie Royale de Musique, ruë du Foin, vis-à vis les Mathurins, à l'Enseigne Sainte Génevieve
1039:
75:
388:
inform La Barre of the dangerous situation on the island and the risk of famine. In an effort to relieve the blockade La Barre and the governor of Martinique,
458:
142:
68:
363:
Barre had overall command, and Saint-Laurent consented to serve under Saint-LĂ©on who commanded the land forces. The fleet sailed on 29 January 1667.
247:
1044:
940:"Le serment d'allégeance, le service militaire, les déportations et les Acadiens : opinions de France et de Québec aux 17e et 18e siècles"
975:
870:
791:
1010:
Histoire des chevaliers hospitaliers de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem: appelés depuis chevaliers de Rhodes, et aujourd'hui chevaliers de Malte
251:
375:
235:
441:
384:
359:
295:
The Hospitallers ceded the islands to France in 1665, when Saint-Laurent was lieutenant governor, passing ownership to the new
111:
99:
993:
Histoire de la noblesse du Comté-Venaissin, d'Avignon, et de la principauté d'Orange, dressée sur les preuves. Dediée au Roy
254:
persuaded Jean-Paul Lascaris-Castellar, the grand master of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, to buy the French part of
412:
246:
Saint-Laurent was received as a chevalier of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem (Hospitallers) in 1641. In 1651 the
296:
888:
Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amerique. Contenant l'histoire naturelle de ces pays, l'origine, les moers (etc.)
404:(20 May 1667). La Barre caused a retreat through his incompetence, and Crijnssen left for Virginia in disgust.
305:
255:
215:
321:
939:
425:
300:
219:
461:. From February 1689 until his death on 31 March 1689 Saint-Laurent was interim governor of Martinique.
408:
289:
263:
922:
411:, which destroyed La Barre's fleet and established English supremacy. An English invasion force under
1049:
389:
967:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present
277:
259:
211:
436:) were at peace. From March 1683 until June 1684 Saint-Laurent was acting governor general of the
429:
154:
223:
991:
971:
965:
947:
866:
843:
787:
781:
393:
222:(1665–67), when the French expelled the English from the island, and left office early in the
1008:
886:
860:
285:
281:
56:
807:
903:
437:
401:
1028:
501:
499:
497:
342:
to oppose any attempt. Civilians who were hostile to the French were deported to
433:
267:
825:
347:
339:
335:
326:
175:
951:
454:
416:
English. Saint-Laurent sent his nephew to France to report to the king.
292:
put pressure on the Hospitallers to cede the islands back to the crown.
505:
272:
397:
374:
343:
320:
226:(1688–97), when the English expelled the French from the island.
783:
France and the American Tropics to 1700: Tropics of Discontent?
210:; died March 1689) was a French soldier, a chevalier of the
597:
595:
593:
520:
518:
516:
514:
214:, who was governor of the colony of Saint Christophe on
862:
A Short History of the Netherlands Antilles and Surinam
927:(in French), OSMCS Commanderie des Chevaliers d'Artois
720:
718:
735:
733:
842:Dessalles, Adrien; Dessalles, Pierre RĂ©gis (1847),
189:
181:
169:
164:
148:
136:
117:
105:
93:
74:
62:
50:
32:
21:
697:
685:
673:
637:
625:
613:
560:
548:
536:
379:English attempt to retake Saint Christophe in 1667
304:during the fighting, as was the English governor
392:combined their forces with the Dutch commander
284:the new governor. He was the nephew of Saint
8:
1035:French governors of Saint Christopher Island
476:
506:Les Ordres Militaires du Moyen Age – OSMCS
459:Charles de Pechpeyrou-Comminges de Guitaut
204:Claude de Roux, chevalier de Saint-Laurent
143:Charles de Pechpeyrou-Comminges de Guitaut
69:Charles de Pechpeyrou-Comminges de Guitaut
23:Claude de Roux, chevalier de Saint-Laurent
18:
865:, Springer Science & Business Media,
407:A larger English fleet arrived under Sir
218:from 1666 to 1689. He took office in the
1040:Governors general of the French Antilles
661:
649:
601:
524:
904:"Le Febvre de la Barre, Joseph-Antoine"
709:
469:
325:Fort of Saint Christophe and vicinity (
76:Governor general of the French Antilles
739:
584:
572:
488:
358:On 17 January 1667 Lieutenant General
132:February 1689 – 31 March 1689
751:
724:
383:An English squadron commanded by Sir
7:
859:Goslinga, Cornelis C. (2012-12-06),
396:. The Franco-Dutch fleet sailed for
252:Phillippe de Longvilliers de Poincy
46:April 1666 – February 1689
990:Pithon-Curt, Jean Antoine (1750),
924:Les Ordres Militaires du Moyen Age
845:Histoire générale des Antilles ...
763:
14:
938:Lockerby, W. Earle (March 2008),
780:Boucher, Philip P. (2008-01-15),
400:, and engaged the English in the
242:Chevalier of Saint John (1641–66)
908:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
248:Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique
236:Order of Saint John of Jerusalem
317:Expulsion of the English (1666)
89:March 1683 – June 1684
1045:French Governors of Martinique
698:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
686:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
674:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
638:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
626:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
614:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
561:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
549:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
537:Dessalles & Dessalles 1847
1:
885:Labat, Jean-Baptiste (1724),
848:(in French), Libraire-Ă©diteur
891:(in French), Husson, Johnson
442:Charles de Courbon de Blénac
360:Antoine Lefèbvre de La Barre
354:Capture of Montserrat (1667)
312:Governor of Saint Christophe
112:Charles de Courbon de Blénac
100:Charles de Courbon de Blénac
34:Governor of Saint Christophe
258:and the smaller islands of
1066:
902:La Roque, Robert. (2000),
1013:(in French), Lequien fils
420:Return to peace (1668–88)
297:French West India Company
197:
160:
125:
82:
39:
28:
1007:Vertot, Abbé de (1830),
216:Saint Christopher Island
808:"Saint Kitts and Nevis"
371:English blockade (1667)
329:) sent by Saint-Laurent
964:Marley, David (2008),
440:during the absence of
380:
330:
301:Second Anglo-Dutch War
220:Second Anglo-Dutch War
193:Colonial administrator
119:Governor of Martinique
448:Renewed war (1688–89)
378:
324:
290:Jean-Baptiste Colbert
278:Louis XIV of France
212:Knights Hospitaller
830:Worldstatesmen.org
812:Worldstatesmen.org
688:, p. 461–465.
430:Gregorian calendar
381:
331:
250:went bankrupt and
155:Nicolas de Gabaret
977:978-1-59884-100-8
872:978-94-009-9289-4
824:Cahoon (b), Ben,
793:978-0-8018-8725-3
428:of 31 July 1667 (
394:Abraham Crijnssen
390:Robert de Clodoré
201:
200:
1057:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1003:
1002:
1001:
986:
985:
984:
960:
959:
958:
934:
933:
932:
918:
917:
915:
898:
897:
896:
881:
880:
879:
855:
854:
853:
838:
837:
836:
820:
819:
818:
802:
801:
800:
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
728:
722:
713:
707:
701:
695:
689:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
509:
503:
492:
486:
480:
477:Pithon-Curt 1750
474:
413:Henry Willoughby
286:Francis de Sales
282:Charles de Sales
260:Saint Barthélemy
256:Saint-Christophe
165:Personal details
151:
139:
130:
108:
96:
87:
65:
57:Charles de Sales
53:
44:
19:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1014:
1006:
999:
997:
989:
982:
980:
978:
963:
956:
954:
937:
930:
928:
921:
913:
911:
901:
894:
892:
884:
877:
875:
873:
858:
851:
849:
841:
834:
832:
823:
816:
814:
805:
798:
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779:
775:
770:
762:
758:
750:
746:
738:
731:
723:
716:
708:
704:
696:
692:
684:
680:
672:
668:
660:
656:
648:
644:
636:
632:
624:
620:
612:
608:
600:
591:
583:
579:
571:
567:
559:
555:
547:
543:
535:
531:
523:
512:
504:
495:
487:
483:
475:
471:
467:
450:
438:French Antilles
426:Treaty of Breda
422:
402:Battle of Nevis
373:
356:
319:
314:
244:
232:
224:Nine Years' War
174:
149:
137:
131:
126:
106:
94:
88:
83:
63:
51:
45:
40:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1004:
987:
976:
961:
935:
919:
899:
882:
871:
856:
839:
821:
803:
792:
776:
774:
771:
769:
768:
756:
744:
729:
714:
702:
700:, p. 466.
690:
678:
676:, p. 460.
666:
654:
642:
640:, p. 451.
630:
628:, p. 446.
618:
616:, p. 445.
606:
589:
587:, p. 257.
577:
575:, p. 256.
565:
563:, p. 431.
553:
551:, p. 408.
541:
539:, p. 378.
529:
527:, p. 149.
510:
493:
481:
479:, p. 416.
468:
466:
463:
449:
446:
421:
418:
372:
369:
355:
352:
318:
315:
313:
310:
243:
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97:
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72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
37:
36:
30:
29:
26:
25:
22:
16:French soldier
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1062:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1012:
1011:
1005:
995:
994:
988:
979:
973:
969:
968:
962:
953:
949:
946:(in French),
945:
941:
936:
926:
925:
920:
910:, vol. 1
909:
905:
900:
890:
889:
883:
874:
868:
864:
863:
857:
847:
846:
840:
831:
827:
822:
813:
809:
806:Cahoon, Ben,
804:
795:
789:
786:, JHU Press,
785:
784:
778:
777:
772:
765:
760:
757:
754:, p. 95.
753:
748:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
727:, p. 94.
726:
721:
719:
715:
711:
706:
703:
699:
694:
691:
687:
682:
679:
675:
670:
667:
664:, p. 43.
663:
662:Goslinga 2012
658:
655:
651:
650:La Roque 2000
646:
643:
639:
634:
631:
627:
622:
619:
615:
610:
607:
604:, p. 42.
603:
602:Goslinga 2012
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
581:
578:
574:
569:
566:
562:
557:
554:
550:
545:
542:
538:
533:
530:
526:
525:Lockerby 2008
521:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
502:
500:
498:
494:
491:, p. 77.
490:
485:
482:
478:
473:
470:
464:
462:
460:
456:
447:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
419:
417:
414:
410:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
377:
370:
368:
364:
361:
353:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
328:
323:
316:
311:
309:
307:
306:William Watts
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
239:
237:
229:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
208:Saint-Laurens
205:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
172:
168:
163:
159:
156:
153:
147:
144:
141:
135:
129:
124:
120:
116:
113:
110:
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101:
98:
92:
86:
81:
77:
73:
70:
67:
61:
58:
55:
49:
43:
38:
35:
31:
27:
20:
1015:, retrieved
1009:
998:, retrieved
992:
981:, retrieved
970:, ABC-CLIO,
966:
955:, retrieved
943:
929:, retrieved
923:
912:, retrieved
907:
893:, retrieved
887:
876:, retrieved
861:
850:, retrieved
844:
833:, retrieved
829:
826:"Martinique"
815:, retrieved
811:
797:, retrieved
782:
759:
747:
710:Boucher 2008
705:
693:
681:
669:
657:
645:
633:
621:
609:
580:
568:
556:
544:
532:
484:
472:
451:
423:
406:
382:
365:
357:
332:
294:
271:
270:for 120,000
264:Saint Martin
245:
233:
207:
203:
202:
150:Succeeded by
127:
107:Succeeded by
84:
64:Succeeded by
41:
1050:1689 deaths
914:15 February
585:Marley 2008
573:Marley 2008
489:Vertot 1830
434:Saint Kitts
409:John Harman
268:Saint Croix
182:Nationality
138:Preceded by
95:Preceded by
52:Preceded by
1029:Categories
1017:2018-09-14
1000:2018-09-14
983:2018-09-14
957:2018-09-14
944:Acadiensis
931:2018-09-14
895:2018-09-03
878:2018-08-15
852:2018-09-15
835:2018-09-14
817:2018-09-14
799:2018-09-15
752:Labat 1724
740:Cahoon (b)
725:Labat 1724
455:buccaneers
385:John Berry
348:Montserrat
340:Guadeloupe
336:Martinique
327:Basseterre
190:Occupation
176:Martinique
173:March 1689
952:1712-7432
424:With the
238:in 1633.
128:In office
121:(interim)
85:In office
42:In office
712:, PT133.
78:(acting)
773:Sources
276:. King
974:
950:
869:
790:
764:Cahoon
299:. The
230:Family
185:French
465:Notes
398:Nevis
344:Nevis
972:ISBN
948:ISSN
916:2010
867:ISBN
788:ISBN
453:and
346:and
338:and
273:Ă©cus
266:and
206:(or
170:Died
1031::
942:,
906:,
828:,
810:,
732:^
717:^
592:^
513:^
496:^
444:.
288:.
262:,
766:.
742:.
652:.
508:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
