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The Second World War ended in 1945 and the company began its post war reconstruction. The
Centralite plant (building 300) was acquired from the Government and re-equipped as an intermediates plant and plans were drawn up for a new intermediates plant (building 151) which was completed in 1951. Other
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Initially the whole site was designated as part of the "Colors" business unit of Ciba
Specialty Chemicals; but later the dyes manufacturing, logistics and site management became part of the Textile Effects division, while the carbonless copying paper business was made part of the Consumer Chemicals
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In
September 1918, the Basle Community of Interests was formed from an alliance between Society of Chemical Industry in Basle, the Sandoz Chemical Company Ltd and J.R. Geigy SA. The agreement between the three companies allowed the sharing of research and technical resources whilst each company
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Manufacturing was gradually transferred to China, India, Thailand and Mexico in response to sustained price competition from emerging competitors in China and India and the workforce was reduced accordingly. In 2004 the announcement was made that the site would be closing with the loss of over 300
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In 1897, the company was placed into voluntary liquidation and then reformed under the same name with an issued share capital of ÂŁ140,000. Max
Baerlein was appointed as company chairman with Charles Dreyfus as managing director. On 31 January 1900 a young worker, Thomas Musgrave, became caught in
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dyes plant (building 75), a new laboratories block (building 80), a milling and blending plant (building 81), an intermediates plant (building 74) and a new azo dyes plant (building 48). An additional azo dyes plant (building 46) was added to the scheme in 1965 to replace (building 187). Extra
175:. Sylvain Dreyfus, a nephew of Charles Dreyfus, perished in the Ashton-under-Lyne disaster when the Hooley Hill Rubber and Chemical Works exploded. These and other accidents prompted the Government to concentrate explosives manufacture at factories sited well away from built up areas.
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had given
British dye producers much needed protection from cheap imports and provided an impetus to increasing the range of dyes and intermediates produced at Clayton. In 1930, an additional azo dyes plant (building 187) was completed followed in 1938 by the construction of a new
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At its peak in the 1970s, the site occupied over 57 acres and employed over 2,000 people. However, due to the gradual demise of the
British textile industry, most textile production shifted to countries such as China and India with the textile dye industry following.
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In 1971, CIBA and Geigy merged to form CIBA-GEIGY. The combined group retained a majority shareholding in the
Clayton Aniline Company with Sandoz holding the remaining 25% of the equity. CAC was allowed to continue as a separate subsidiary under the chairmanship of
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projects undertaken in the early 1950s included a new PAK-ice plant, a new power plant and a new waste gas tunnel and chimney. The company also began the removal of a chemical spoil heap nicknamed the “mucky mountain”, which was left behind by a
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joined the company in 1905 as a part-time research consultant, leaving in 1908 to pursue an academic career. Weizmann would later achieve fame through his work on bacterial fermentation and go on to become the first president of Israel.
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respectively. This left
Clayton as a manufacturing site for direct dyes for cotton, disperse dyes for polyester and metal complex dyes for wool and nylon; and pigments used for carbonless copying and thermal printer papers.
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remaining jobs. A small number of staff were retained to assist in the decommissioning of the plant. The last workers left the site in 2007 and the remainder of the buildings were demolished shortly afterwards.
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A contemporary newspaper report of the company foundation says the initial share capital was ÂŁ12,000. Aside from
Dreyfus, the founder directors were Alfred William Ashworth, Samuel Charlton and
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caught fire, which threatened the adjacent phosgenation unit. Department manager Eric Shaw risked his life to disconnect and remove to safety gas cylinders filled with
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1964 marked the end of an era for the company with the decision to cease aniline production at
Clayton. The aniline plant was demolished the following year.
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was a French emigrant chemist and entrepreneur, who founded the Clayton Aniline Company on 29 May 1876. The company obtained a lease on a parcel of land in
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On 1 May 1911, the Society of Chemical Industry in Basle (later known as CIBA), took control of the company and in 1913 Charles Dreyfus resigned.
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plant (building 183) in 1918. TNT manufacture at the plant ceased following a series of accidents at other explosives factories such as those at
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which opened opposite the site in 2002. These new facilities opened in December 2014 after two years of land remediation and construction work.
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warehousing was also added to the site including a new intermediates warehouse (building 71) and a new raw materials warehouse (building 50).
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Although initially expected to be re-used for housing, the site remained undeveloped for a number of years afterwards. Then in 2012,
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retained its own autonomy. Later that same year, Sandoz and Geigy each acquired a financial interest in the Clayton Aniline Company.
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The construction of a new railway line was begun in 1916, that linked the works via a bridge across Ashton New Road to the existing
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The outbreak of war with Germany in 1914 led to lucrative contracts for the company including the production of 1,500 tons of
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and Chatham Street (later known as Clipstone Street). With an initial share capital of ÂŁ40,000 the company began production of
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In 1957, a plan was drawn up to re-build virtually the whole of the site. The project involved the construction of a new
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complex (buildings 188, 189 and 190). The completion of the vat dyes project was held up by the outbreak of war in 1939.
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in 1887 and under his guidance the company rapidly expanded its range of dyes. Green left the company in 1901.
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division and Clayton was designated the global centre for R&D, marketing and sales this type of product.
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factory (building 300) was constructed adjacent to the site for the manufacture of explosives additive
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163:. The sites facilities were expanded considerably during the war including the construction of a new
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and their new global operational HQ on the site and its surrounding area, which would accompany the
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in 1943 for his actions. Also commended for their bravery were J.T. Read, J. Wood and R. Dean.
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219:. The company also gained an important contract to manufacture monomethylaniline used as an
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During the inter war period the company continued to invest in new plant and products. The
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On 5 October 1942, a near catastrophe befell the site when an ethylation
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CIBA merged their life science businesses with Sandoz in 1997, forming
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435:. Colorantshistory.org. Archived from the original on 19 November 2008
514:"Fatality at Clayton Chemical Works". 3 February 1900. p. 14.
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plant was built with an output of around 100 tons per week.
238:, that were in danger of exploding. Shaw was awarded an
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Defunct manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
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Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser
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133:joined the company. Green had discovered the dye
589:"Man City officially open City Football Academy"
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526:"The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Society"
223:in high octane aviation fuel. In 1941, a new
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667:Manufacturing companies established in 1876
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129:In 1894, a brilliant young organic chemist
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551:(Supplement). 9 March 1943. p. 1197.
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433:"Clayton Aniline Company Manchester"
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615:City Football Academy: Fly-through
468:"New Companies: Clayton Aniline".
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587:Handler, Paul (8 December 2014).
303:' businesses separately to form
85:The Clayton Aniline Company Ltd.
19:The Clayton Aniline Company Ltd.
662:1876 establishments in England
87:was a British manufacturer of
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642:Chemical companies of England
365:British Dyestuffs Corporation
180:Stuart Street Power Station
116:Manchester and Ashton Canal
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353:City of Manchester Stadium
476:. 6 June 1876. p. 3.
474:British Newspaper Archive
453:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
305:Ciba Speciality Chemicals
114:, sandwiched between the
593:Manchester Evening News
479:(subscription required)
431:ColorantsHistory.Org.
282:Sir Arthur Vere Harvey
380:United Alkali Company
91:, founded in 1876 by
301:industrial chemicals
325:City Football Group
131:Arthur George Green
112:Clayton, Manchester
97:Clayton, Manchester
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58:Headquarters
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543:"No. 35937"
155:World War I
636:Categories
567:Sky Sports
386:References
169:Silvertown
66:Manchester
415:Citations
375:IG Farben
232:autoclave
135:primuline
89:dyestuffs
77:Dyestuffs
68:, England
449:cite web
359:See also
309:Clariant
297:Syngenta
293:Novartis
253:soda ash
236:phosgene
201:vat dyes
165:azo dyes
73:Products
53:Acquired
27:Chemical
24:Industry
439:28 June
333:women's
331:men's,
246:Postwar
225:aniline
120:aniline
62:Clayton
40:Founder
32:Founded
529:(PDF)
391:Notes
343:; an
337:youth
623:2022
600:2022
574:2022
455:link
441:2014
347:; a
335:and
307:and
295:and
171:and
122:and
50:Fate
35:1876
240:MBE
161:TNT
95:in
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