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pleated and near insertion area they contain multiple laminal cells. Their insertions are well-spaced and all have round tips. For the branch leaves, they are narrower and has a toothed margin near the tip with longitudinal folds. They have a similar shape with the stem leaves, both are egg-shaped but branch leaves are narrower. They have elongated leaf cells, and around the basal angles the stem and branch leaves contain enlarge hyaline cells with thin walls. The leaves are around 2.5-3 mm long in size. The arrangement of leaves gives the plant a palm tree-like appearance, with 2-3 cm tall stems arising from prostrate primary stems that looks like rhizomes. The attachment region of branch leaves to stem appears flat and continuous with the leaf outline, it is round to cordate and auriculate from the flexion of the margins. The stems are reddish-brown and can be short in dry areas, they appear tree-like in areas with plenty of moisture. The upright stems contains small green filaments, and the branched horizontal stems is where the tree-like structure (2-10cm) grows out from. Their capsules are upright and oblong-cylindric, ranging from 1.5-4 mm, they are quite rare to encounter since male plants are more rare than female ones.
184:. It is identified as a "tree moss" due to its distinctive morphological features, and has four species identified across the Northern Hemisphere. The species name "dendroides" describes the tree-like morphology of the plant, and its genus name came from the structure of the perforations of peristome teeth. This plant was identified by Weber and Mohr in 1804. They often have stems that are around 2-10 cm tall and growing in the form of patches, looking like small palm-trees. They have yellow-green branches at the tip of stems. The leaves are around 2.5-3 mm long, with rounder stem leaves and pointier branch leaves. Their sporophytes are only abundant in late winter and early spring, and appears as a red-brown shoot with long stalk and cylindrical capsules.
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sporophyte then grows out from the archegonial venter. A sporophyte contains a seta (that holds up the sporangium), a capsule with an operculum cap, and a coat enclosing the capsule called the calyptra that grew from the venter of archegonia and is the only haploid structure in sporophyte. When the sporophyte is fully mature the calyptra falls off and reveals the peristome teeth within. Meiosis occurs in the sporangium and haploid spores are produced and released through the control of peristome teeth. The spores are usually carried by the wind to their new substrate where the life cycle repeats again.
292:, which are thread-like filaments or thalloid. Protonema is a combination of chloronema, caulonema and rhizoids. Chloronema are usually first formed, they are irregularly branched, has transverse crosswalls that are not pigmented, and round chloroplasts with no buds forming yet. Later on, the caulonema forms that are regularly branched, has pigmented and oblique crosswalls, spindle-shaped chloroplasts and has buds forming. Rhizoids are also present here, it helps the gametophyte that forms later on to attach to its substrate. The protonema then produces the
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relatively widespread but not common, they are found in northern to central Europe and Asia, the South Island of New
Zealand, and North America. In North America, it can be found in the Northeastern region above 45°N, and as south as the Western regions of New Mexico. They can also be found in some regions in Asia, like Japan and Korea.
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Fertilization will occur with the aid of water, sperm will be transported from antheridia to archegonia and travel down its venter to reach the egg, where fertilization will happen. Producing a diploid sporophyte. The sperm is biflagellate, they have two flagellae that aid in propulsion. The immature
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and are surrounded by a group of modified leaves known as the perichaetium. The archegonia are small flask-shaped structure with a neck-like structure called the venter down which the male sperm swim to the enclosed female eggs. This is also where fertilization occurs. The male structures are known
322:
Sporophytes are not often found except during late winter and early spring near areas with plenty of moisture. The short cylindric capsules of this species often mature in the fall. This species is known to have a dioecious gametophore (having male and female gametophores on different plants. They
196:
and lake edges, as well as humus-rich woods, areas where water fluctuates periodically. They can be terrestrial or dominating woods and logs, they rarely grow on rocks and regions that lack moisture. They are often found in sea-level to subalpine elevations and in alpine tundras. This species is
205:
The colour of this plant is dark green to yellow, and they can be glossy as well when they are dry. They also have separate stem and branch leaves with different structure. The stem leaves appears to have an obtuse apex, flatter against the stem and broader then the branch leaves. They are not
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have a long seta with sporangium at the terminal end. The spores are released when the operculum dehisces and can be aided via hygroscopic dehiscence. They also contain peristome teeth that controls the release of the spores. The spores are unicellular.
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that is structurally differentiated into stems and leaves, one or more gametophores can be formed from a single protonema. The gametophyte is formed from the caulonema buds and they undergo mitosis to produce haploid sex gametes (sperm and eggs).
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In contrast with vascular plants that only has two sets of chromosomes (diploid), bryophytes are known to have a haploid generation with a single set of chromosomes, this happens in the sporophyte stage of their life cycle.
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The gametophores also produce specialized sexual structures that houses the sperm and eggs on separate gametophytes (since
Climacium dendroides are dioecious). The female structure produced is called the
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Shaw, A. Jonathan; Shaw, Blanka; Higuchi, Masanobu; Arikawa, Tomotsugu; Hirayama, Yumiko; Devos, Nicolas (2012). "Climacium (Climaciaceae): species relationships and biogeographic implications".
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also has a miniature tree-like structure but does not arise from a creeping shoot. They have whitish and narrowly triangular stem leaves whereas for
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Newton, Angela E.; De Luna, Efraín (2004). "Climacium dendroides from Cofre de Perote, a High-Elevation
Tropical Montane Site in Veracruz, Mexico".
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463:"The complete mitochondrial genome of a moss Korea Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) F. Weber & D. Mohr"
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their sporophytes are frequent in spring and has a nodding sporangia, compared to erect sporangia for
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514:"The complete chloroplast genome of a moss Korea Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) F. Weber & D. Mohr"
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Han, Yeong-Deok; Choi, Youngeun; Park, SeungJin; Park, Yong-Su; Yoon, Young-Jun (2020-04-02).
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Choi, Youngeun; Han, Yeong-Deok; Moon, Jeong Chan; Yoon, Young-Jun (2020-01-02).
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754:. British Columbia, Canada: Royal British Columbia Museum. pp. 100–101.
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was named Moss of the Year in 2017 by the
Latvian Botanists' Association.
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This species mostly dominate in moist and damp regions such as swamps,
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569:"Climacium dendroides in Flora of North America @ efloras.org"
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and are protected by modified leaves called the perigonium.
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10.1639/0007-2745(2004)107[0368:CDFCDP]2.0.CO;2
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725:"Insect, tree, habitat, and moss of the year named"
352:they have green and heart-shaped stem leaves. For
705:"Class Bryopsida | Introduction to Bryophytes"
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248:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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268:Learn how and when to remove this message
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752:Some Common Mosses of British Columbia
284:The life-cycle starts with a haploid
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246:adding citations to reliable sources
438:"Tree moss • Climacium dendroides"
176:and family Climaciaceae, in class
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442:Biodiversity of the Central Coast
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156:(Hedw.) F. Weber & D. Mohr
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729:Public Broadcasting of Latvia
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288:that germinates to produce a
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1228:Flora of Northern America
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41:Scientific classification
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1238:Flora of Northern Europe
518:Mitochondrial DNA Part B
467:Mitochondrial DNA Part B
345:Leucolepis acanthoneuron
1233:Flora of Eastern Europe
750:Schofield, W.B (1992).
397:"E-Flora BC Atlas Page"
172:belongs in the order
1243:Flora of New Zealand
806:Climacium dendroides
776:Climacium dendroides
332:Climacium dendroides
242:improve this section
170:tree climacium moss,
165:Climacium dendroides
150:Climacium dendroides
25:Climacium dendroides
401:linnet.geog.ubc.ca
132:C. dendroides
1223:Flora of Bulgaria
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1096:Leskea dendroides
1027:Open Tree of Life
768:Taxon identifiers
731:. 11 January 2017
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318:Reproduction
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108:Climaciaceae
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965:NatureServe
926:iNaturalist
800:Wikispecies
294:gametophore
201:Description
1217:Categories
1169:Plant List
1040:Plant List
824:Calflora:
735:14 January
710:2020-03-28
578:2020-03-28
447:2020-03-28
406:2020-03-28
364:References
358:Climacium.
354:Leucolepis
327:In culture
308:antheridia
303:archegonia
210:Life cycle
84:Subclass:
64:Division:
1111:Q17286773
905:200001945
668:0007-2745
617:0007-2745
350:Climacium
290:protonema
229:does not
178:Bryopsida
126:Species:
119:Climacium
78:Bryopsida
68:Bryophyta
54:Kingdom:
1248:Hypnales
1187:35139607
1182:Tropicos
1105:Wikidata
1071:35157877
1066:Tropicos
970:2.125465
944:10345958
814:BioLib:
785:Wikidata
684:83939628
676:41486738
633:86578693
550:33366911
499:33366879
258:May 2020
194:peatland
174:Hypnales
104:Family:
98:Hypnales
1151:1135617
1125:8198976
918:2678415
791:Q140350
625:3244871
541:7510824
490:7748578
250:removed
235:sources
182:Bryidae
114:Genus:
94:Order:
88:Bryidae
74:Class:
58:Plantae
1158:NZOR:
1138:403424
1058:CLDE70
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996:70131
957:16451
939:IRMNG
887:EUNIS
879:CIGDE
827:13083
817:91219
680:S2CID
672:JSTOR
629:S2CID
621:JSTOR
286:spore
1146:ITIS
1120:GBIF
991:NCBI
952:ITIS
913:GBIF
874:EPPO
853:3825
848:CNPS
840:W5TP
737:2017
664:ISSN
613:ISSN
546:PMID
495:PMID
233:any
231:cite
1195:WFO
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978:NBN
900:FNA
861:EoL
835:CoL
656:doi
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