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security despite the increased role and agricultural production most women do not have control over land and lack access to agricultural extensions and credit. The numerous pages of the HIV pandemic have contributed to the limited access to productive resources services and skills all these factors make women particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Across the cities the impacts of climate change affect women and men differently. Women and girls experience the greatest impacts of climate change, which amplifies existing gender inequalities and poses unique threats to their livelihoods, health, and safety.
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165:. Wet days in Botswana varies throughout the year. A wet day is measured at 0.04 inches of liquid precipitation. The wetter season last from October to April with 21% chance of a day being a wet day while the winter season last from April to October, July being a month with the fewest wet days with an average of 0.2 days with at least an average of 0.04 inches of precipitation. December is recorded as a month with the highest rainfall.
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November to March of which they can go as high as 38 °C in some parts of the country while winter which ranges from March to August are very cold at night and mild during the day, sometimes with common bitterly so-frost which can freeze small quantity of water. In spring which is from
September to October the country experiences very high temperatures which can go as high as 44 °C in most parts of the country.
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Currently, about 30% of the population of
Botswana is exposed to the risk of malaria infection each and every year and the majority of cases occur in the northern districts with Bobonong, Tutume, Serowe, Phalapye and Boteti being in transition zone of malaria. During the years of heavy rain for the
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There are many causes for the differences in the impacts of climate change being experienced by both men and women this difference is range from psychological political economic and societal differences. Most sustainable arable farmers however are women who farmed to improve their household food
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cyclical pattern with peaks in March (ANOVA p < 0.001) and
October (ANOVA p < 0.001) in the wet and dry season respectively. There is a strong positive auto-correlation (p < 0.001) in the number of reported diarrhea cases at the one-month lag level. Climatic variables (rainfall, minimum
180:
Climate change is already having visible effects on the world, the earth is warming, the rainfall patterns are always changing, and sea levels are rising and these changes increase the risk of heatwaves, floods, droughts, and fires. Climate change and its interactions with other stressors have
157:
Average temperatures have increased at 1.5 °C since the 1900s. The image on the right shows the
Botswana's temperature trends between the year 1901 and the year 2020. The largest changes are in November and March. Botswana experience very hot temperatures during summer which ranges from
42:
and mitigation strategies of the country. It is expected to lead to increased intensity of droughts and increased frequencies this is due to shorter rainy seasons and fewer rainy days. Due to fluctuation on climate and weather the country may sometimes experience heavy destructive rains.
217:
temperature, and vapor pressure) predicted seasonal diarrheal with a one-month lag in variables (p < 0.001). Diarrheal case incidence was highest in the dry season after accounting for other variables, exhibiting on average a 20% increase over the yearly mean (p < 0.001)
140:
Botswana's vulnerability to climate change is affected mostly by its dependence on the sectors that are easily affected by climate change; tourism, agriculture, water and health. Poverty is also another aspect that is mostly brought along by the dependence on these sectors.
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Botswana intends to reduce overall emissions by 15% from the base year of 2010 by 2038 at an anticipated cost of 18.4 billion US dollars. This emissions reduction target was estimated based on baseline GHGs inventory for the three GHGs being
137:. Due to the state of rainfall in Botswana, which is very unreliable, there has been a reduction in hectares ploughed. Heavy rains wash away the topsoil and seeds during the ploughing season and this results in very low yields.
204:, flooding, drought and displacement, has negatively impacted the agricultural production and caused a lot of food insecurity. These has mostly affected vulnerable people putting them at the risk of hunger and food insecurity.
172:, which was a 13.25% decline from the previous year, 2018. The carbon dioxide emissions are mostly from fossil fuels; natural gas, oil, transport and buildings, the power industry also contribute to these emissions.
89:, especially in the mornings. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 41 °F to 89 °F and is rarely below 34 °F or above 97 °F. The heat is often intense in
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season is mostly dry and sunny, mild during the day but cold at night, especially in the center and south of the country. This is normally around the months of May to August. The
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drops below 300 millimeters (12 inches) per year. The wettest areas, where more than 500 mm (20 in) of rainfall per year, are the north and the south-east, where
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around
September and October, especially in the northern part of the country, however, hot days are possible throughout the country from September to April.
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emissions from livestock farming, mostly from enteric fermentation, however, the country aims to implement mitigation measures for this sector.
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is considered very vulnerable to climate change and variability due to its low rainfall as well as the high rate of poverty that affects mostly
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with warm winters and hot summers and the rainfalls are highly unpredictable. Rains mostly occur from
October to April. The
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Urich, Peter; Li, Yinpeng; Masike, Sennye (2021), Oguge, Nicholas; Ayal, Desalegn; Adeleke, Lydia; da Silva, Izael (eds.),
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406:"BOTSWANA'S FIRST BIENNIAL UPDATE REPORT (BUR) TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE OCTOBER 2019"
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CLIMATE AND HEALTH COUNTRY PROFILE – 2015 BOTSWANA, (2015), World Health
Organisation, retrieved 30/04/2023
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season which is normally from
November to March, is hot and moderately rainy. There is plenty of
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Botswana experiences low rainfall and the rainfall patterns change which negatively affects the
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739:"Climate change is likely to worsen the public health threat of diarrheal disease in Botswana"
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climate characterized by a great difference between day and night temperatures and overall
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Alexander, Kathleen A.; Carzolio, Marcos; Goodin, Douglas; Vance, Eric (26 March 2013).
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O. Covering energy, waste, and agriculture sectors. This calculation does not include CH
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354:"Botswana Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Botswana) - Weather Spark"
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Botswana's annual greenhouse gas emissions as at 2019 stand at 11,000.00 kt of CO
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834:"Gender and Climate Change: Botswana Case Study | Heinrich Böll Stiftung"
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Understanding vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in
Botswana
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939:"Explainer: How gender inequality and climate change are interconnected"
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and the species with small distribution, low abundance and specialised
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International
Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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654:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1193–1226,
549:"Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation"
470:"Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana | ReliefWeb"
325:"Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation"
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Climate change, which comes with higher temperatures, land and
648:"Climate Change, Biodiversity, and Tipping Points in Botswana"
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Sunflower plant during the winter season in Kanngwe, Botswana.
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Text was copied from this source, which is available under a
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989:, May (2017), Southern African Climate Finance Partnership,
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The south-west region is the driest area, this is where the
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810:"What does gender equality have to do with climate change?"
524:"United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)"
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United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
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Botswana has received below-normal rainfall and more
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597:"Botswana Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions 1990-2023"
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Botswana's temperature trends between 1901 and 2020
208:risk of malaria shift westwards and Southwards.
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652:African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation
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794:Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC BY 3.0)
573:"World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal"
720:/BOTSWANA%20THIRD%20NATIONAL%20COMUNICATION
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61:Climate of Botswana Classifications zones
495:"Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana"
444:"Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana"
381:"Climate Risk Profile: Southern Africa"
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189:are predominantly vulnerable.
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661:10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_161
38:and the subsequent response,
415:. 2019-10-30. Archived from
212:case incidence comes with a
987:Botswana Country Diagnostic
882:"Gender and climate change"
623:"Effects of climate change"
108:is located. The country is
65:The climate of Botswana is
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1439:Climate change in Botswana
858:"| Heinrich Böll Stiftung"
277:http://www.assaradapt.org/
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28:Climate change in Botswana
18:Climate Change in Botswana
1036:Climate change in Africa
176:Impacts of climate change
30:refers to changes in the
1449:Climate change in Africa
1090:Central African Republic
991:https://drmims.sadc.int/
553:www.climatestotravel.com
329:www.climatestotravel.com
943:UN Women – Headquarters
862:Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
838:Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
756:10.3390/ijerph10041202
279:, retrieved 30/04/2023
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1250:São Tomé and Príncipe
1110:Republic of the Congo
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53:Geography of Botswana
993:Retrieved 30/04/2023
814:UNDP Climate Promise
385:www.climatelinks.org
100:desert is found and
1325:States with limited
135:agricultural sector
47:Climate of Botswana
945:. 28 February 2022
271:2023-07-22 at the
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1125:Equatorial Guinea
671:978-3-030-45106-6
603:. Macrotrends LLC
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1327:recognition
1280:South Sudan
1170:Ivory Coast
968:www.fao.org
601:Macrotrends
504:. Worldbank
450:. Worldbank
114:subtropical
1433:Categories
1382:(Portugal)
1340:Somaliland
1260:Seychelles
1225:Mozambique
1210:Mauritania
1195:Madagascar
1150:The Gambia
1085:Cape Verde
973:2023-04-30
949:2023-04-11
916:/explainer
891:2023-04-11
867:2023-04-11
843:2023-04-11
819:2023-04-11
685:2023-04-08
632:2023-03-30
627:Met Office
582:2023-03-25
558:2023-04-30
534:2023-03-25
480:2023-04-30
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1080:Cameroon
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1120:Egypt
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