262:
388:
325:, so in order to combat illegal usage of their operating system software, they continue to use methods to prevent Mac OS X (now macOS) from being installed on unofficial non-Apple hardware, with mixed success. At present, with proper knowledge and instruction, macOS installation is more or less straightforward. Several online communities have sprung up to support end-users who wish to install macOS on non-Apple hardware. Some representative examples of these are Dortania and InsanelyMac.
254:. Through the 1980s and into the 1990s, much of the system software was included in the Macintosh's physical ROM chips. Therefore, any competitor attempting to create a Macintosh clone without infringing copyright would have to reverse-engineer the ROMs, which would have been an enormous and costly process without certainty of success. Only one company, Nutek, managed to produce "semi-Mac-compatible" computers in the early 1990s by partially re-implementing
408:
38:
290:
Macintosh clone with specifications similar to the Mac 512K, and proposed to put it on sale. Although
Unitron claimed to have legitimately reverse-engineered the ROMs and hardware, and Apple did not hold patents covering the computer in Brazil, Apple claimed the ROMs had simply been copied. Ultimately, under pressure from the US government and local manufacturers of
289:
In the early 1980s, Brazil's military dictatorship instituted trade restrictions that prohibited the importation of computers from overseas manufacturers, and these restrictions were not lifted until 1993. A Brazilian company called
Unitron (which had previously produced Apple II clones) developed a
245:
Wary of repeating history and wanting to retain tight control of its product, Apple's
Macintosh strategy included technical and legal measures that rendered production of Mac clones problematic. The original Macintosh system software contained a very large amount of complex code, which embodied the
790:
or discontinued them altogether. Some of the clone manufacturers even went out of business. Reportedly, a heated telephone conversation between Jobs and
Motorola CEO Christopher Galvin resulted in the contentious termination of Motorola's clone contract, and the long-favored Apple being demoted to
774:
returned to Apple in 1997, he personally tried to renegotiate licensing deals more favorable to Apple five times over the course of three weeks and in his words each time was "basically told to pound sand". This response caused him to halt negotiations of upcoming licensing deals with OS licensees
901:
While Mac clones traditionally aim to compete directly with Apple's solutions through lower prices, Mac conversions target market segments that lack dedicated solutions from Apple, and where the need for a Mac solution is high enough to justify the combined cost of the full price of the Mac donor
783: (equivalent to $ 189,800,995 in 2023) and gave their users free Mac OS 8 upgrade disks, ending the clone era. Only UMAX ever obtained a license to ship Mac OS 8 and get Mac OS 8 upgrade disks, which expired in July 1998 (Power Computing also got Mac OS 8 disks by their acquisition by Apple).
213:
also released another 68k emulator for Macs, replacing the original, called Speed
Doubler, supposedly reported to be even faster than Apple's. As the years went by, the emulator wasn't updated to work with later versions of the original Mac OS, however, supposedly because Apple's own 68k emulator
802:
at the time, for the world's then-largest Wintel PC manufacturer to license Mac OS, which would have been a coup for Apple. However no agreement was reached, as Apple had second thoughts about licensing its "crown jewel", while Compaq did not want to offend
Microsoft, which it had partnered with
778:
Because the clone makers' licenses were valid only for Apple's System 7 operating system, Apple's release of Mac OS 8 left the clone manufacturers without the ability to ship a current Mac OS version and effectively ended the cloning program. Apple bought Power
Computing's Mac clone business for
207:. This means even a 68060-upgraded Atari ST clone or Amiga, which avoid CPU emulation, were always slower, on top of causing some programs not to work thanks to imperfect virtualization of the Mac system and remaining machine components.
308:
When Apple migrated to the PC-Intel platform in the mid 2000s, Apple hardware was more or less the same as generic PC hardware from a platform perspective. This theoretically allowed for installation of Mac OS X on non-Apple hardware.
269:
This strategy, making the development of competitive Mac clones prohibitively expensive, successfully shut out manufacturers looking to create computers that would directly compete with Apple's product lines. However, companies like
120:
in the computers' ROM chips and subsequently legally produced computers that could run the same software. These clones were seen by Apple as a threat, as Apple II sales had presumably suffered from the competition provided by
233:, from ARDI. ARDI reverse-engineered the Mac ROM and built a 68000 CPU emulator, enabling Executor to run most (but not all) Macintosh software, from System 5 to System 7, with good speed. The migration from 68000 to
69:. During Apple's short lived Mac OS 7 licensing program, authorized Mac clone makers were able to either purchase 100% compatible motherboards or build their own hardware using licensed Mac reference designs.
164:
software suite: the Tiger
Learning Computer (TLC). The TLC lacked a built-in display. Its lid acted as a holster for the cartridges that stored the bundled software, as it had no floppy drive.
422:
By 1995, Apple
Macintosh computers accounted for around 7% of the worldwide desktop computer market. Apple executives decided to launch an official clone program in order to expand Macintosh
845:
said the company does not plan to let people run Mac OS X (macOS) on other computer makers' hardware. "We will not allow running Mac OS X on anything other than an Apple Mac," he said.
404:
published an editorial stating that Apple clones were coming, and that the company should license its technology to others so it would benefit as the overall
Macintosh market grew.
180:, and Aladin emulators. The first three of those emulators required that the user purchase a set of Mac ROMs sold as system upgrades to Macintosh users. Later, multiple
457:. However, by 1996 Apple executives were worried that high-end clones were cannibalizing sales of their own high-end computers, where profit margins were highest.
203:
processors were available, PowerPC Macs became so powerful that they ran 68000 applications faster than any 68000-based computer, including any Amiga, Atari ST or
313:
is the term appropriated by hobbyist programmers, who have collaborated on the Internet to install versions of Mac OS X v10.4 onwards – dubbed
282:, were able to sidestep the Mac cloning process by targeting high-end, high-profit market segments without suitable product offerings from Apple and offering
1346:
125:
and other clone manufacturers, both legal and illegal. At IBM, the threat proved to be real: most of the market eventually went to clone-makers, including
375:
immediately sued in July 2008 and a protracted legal battle followed, ending in November 2009 with a summary judgement against Psystar. In May 2012, the
1175:"Taking your Mac on the road: Outbound Laptop System - Hardware Review - alternative to Apple Macintosh Portable from Outbound Systems Inc - evaluation"
442: (equivalent to $ 99.98 in 2023)) for each clone computer they sold. This generated quick revenues for Apple during a time of financial crisis.
1379:
1251:
1683:
822:
376:
73:
1720:
1491:
1456:
1593:
829:
in 2006, and subsequent to a major increase in visibility and a gain in computer market share for Apple with the success of the
434:
of the Macintosh ROMs and system software to other manufacturers, each of which agreed to pay a flat fee for a license, and a
214:
eventually surpassed it in performance, and the OS itself relied further on native PowerPC code with each new Mac OS update.
130:
261:
237:, and the added difficulties of emulating a PowerPC on x86 platforms, made targeting the later Mac OS versions impractical.
1614:
122:
1570:
786:
All other manufacturers had their Macintosh clone contract terminated by late 1997 and either continued their brands as
1291:
1259:
Proceedings of the 5th Brazilian Congress of Economic History and the 6th International Conference on Business History
665:
392:
1766:
1809:
867:
691:
1356:
1229:
883:
810:
In 2001, Jobs reportedly had a meeting with Sony executives, saying he was "willing to make an exception" for
176:
could emulate a Mac by adding the third-party Magic Sac emulator, released in 1985, and, later, the Spectre,
1638:
181:
156:
Apple eventually licensed the Apple II ROMs to other companies, primarily to educational toy manufacturer
1782:
1705:
837:
have expressed renewed interest in creating Macintosh clones. While various industry executives, notably
460:
A total of 75 distinct Macintosh clone models are known to have been introduced during the licensee era.
88:
using a varying combination of community-developed patches and hacks. Such a Wintel/PC computer running
1734:
1068:
387:
265:
Mac ROM was used in the Outbound Notebook. The Mac ROM stick is shown removed, revealing the RAM slots.
1422:
1212:"Colby to Sell SE Model of Walk-Mac- Plans for Authorized Apple Dealers to Install Spare Motherboards"
530:
B-Machine, Boston, Cannes, Harvard, Hollywood, Manhattan, Nashville, New York, Paris, Rome, Stanford
1019:
1009:
999:
973:
955:
937:
927:
854:
255:
882:, in order to become a functional computer system. This business model is most commonly used in the
1760:
1174:
895:
631:
230:
113:
1262:
1404:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1452:
1446:
1044:
863:
735:
454:
416:
360:
318:
222:
157:
134:
81:
841:, have stated publicly that they would like to sell Macintosh-compatible computers, Apple VP
1211:
1192:
875:
624:
364:
196:
66:
42:
1324:
804:
535:
450:
271:
192:
870:
enclosure kit that requires the core components of a previously purchased, genuine Apple
84:
computers are technologically so similar to Mac computers that they are able to boot the
887:
725:
321:
hardware rather than on Apple's own hardware. Apple contends this is illegal under the
200:
1790:
1803:
842:
740:
412:
279:
1562:
1314:
1448:
Apple Confidential 2.0: The Definitive History of the World's Most Colorful Company
1152:
891:
838:
423:
294:
the Brazilian Computer and Automation Council did not allow production to proceed.
204:
150:
142:
407:
37:
1755:
1659:
1131:
1072:
879:
251:
177:
149:
in Europe, and dozens of smaller companies, and in short order IBM found it had
771:
580:
Twister, Typhoon, XB, XB-Pro, PowerJolt Upgrade, PowerJolt OverDrive Upgrade
372:
368:
352:
303:
161:
31:
1776:
1479:
1351:
1319:
871:
860:
811:
795:
787:
435:
210:
58:
1772:
743:
series: C500, C600, J700, J710, S900, S910, Aegis, Apus, Centauri, Pulsar
670:
Power, PowerBase, PowerCenter/Pro, PowerCurve, PowerTower/Pro, PowerWave
17:
1751:
1383:
803:
since its founding in 1982. By 2007, five years after Compaq merged with
619:
609:
427:
400:
291:
173:
160:
in order to produce an inexpensive laptop with educational games and the
117:
105:
1546:
Beale, Steven (November 1997). "Apple Eliminates the Top Clone Vendor".
1278:
1193:"Apple Backs Portable Mac By Dynamac- First Mac Laptop To Gain Approval"
1096:
446:
431:
348:
340:
334:
275:
234:
146:
1531:
Beale, Steven (October 1997). "Mac OS 8 Ships with No License Deal".
799:
775:
that Apple executives complained were still financially unfavorable.
493:
356:
138:
126:
109:
85:
77:
54:
1261:(in Portuguese), Brazilian Economic History Society, archived from
614:
MaxxBoxx 730/200, 790/Tanzania, 860/nitro, 930/mocca, 960/tsunami
815:
406:
344:
260:
226:
185:
89:
36:
1117:
1598:
834:
830:
322:
1252:"O caso Unitron e condições de inovação tecnológica no Brasil"
826:
247:
218:
1735:"Makers Proceed Despite Apple's Refusal to Sell Motherboards"
1721:"Makers Proceed Despite Apple's Refusal to Sell Motherboards"
644:
Keenya, Magna, Maxxtrem, Magna Card Upgrade, Joecard Upgrade
217:
There was also a software emulator for x86 platforms running
1516:
Gruman, Galen (November 1997). "Why Apple Pulled the Plug".
112:
computer lines were "cloned" by other manufacturers who had
1563:"Jobs Makes Headway at Apple, But Not Without Much Turmoil"
902:
computer plus the price of the conversion kit & labor.
449:-based clone computers running Mac OS, most notably from
445:
From early 1995 through mid-1997, it was possible to buy
391:
A PowerCenter Pro 210, a Macintosh clone manufactured by
1380:"Apple Wins Court Victory Over Mac Clone Maker Psystar"
807:, Rosen told Jobs he had switched to being a Mac user.
463:
The following companies produced licensed Mac clones:
45:
3000/160MT, a Macintosh clone manufactured by Motorola
859:
Unlike Mac clones that contain little or no original
1230:"Unitron Mac 512: A Contraband Mac 512K from Brazil"
898:
and similar legal concepts in most other countries.
379:
denied Psystar's appeal, closing the case for good.
905:The following companies produced Mac conversions:
1594:"Jobs reportedly wanted Compaq to license Mac OS"
1292:"OSx86 Project not too happy with Psystar either"
886:, with one of the most famous examples being the
791:"just another customer" mainly for PowerPC CPUs.
818:, although the negotiations later fell through.
1789:"Dynamac (Macintosh clone), 360 degree model",
1684:"Copyright Infringement -- First Sale Doctrine"
367:pre-installed partially with software from the
960:Dynamac, Dynamac EL, Dynamac SE, Dynamac IIsf
833:, large computer system manufacturers such as
1706:"Apple Squeezes Mac Clones Out of the Market"
720:Challenger, Mercury, Surge, G3 Upgrade-Cards
351:, announced the first commercially available
27:Computer running Mac OS not produced by Apple
8:
1660:"Apple throws the switch, aligns with Intel"
1550:. Vol. 14, no. 11. pp. 30–31.
1535:. Vol. 14, no. 10. pp. 34–36.
1520:. Vol. 14, no. 11. pp. 31–36.
172:Long before true clones were available, the
1783:Apple Squeezes Mac Clones Out of the Market
1615:"Steve Jobs wanted Sony VAIOs to run OS X"
57:operating system that was not produced by
1440:
1438:
1436:
1062:
1060:
759:PowerExpress, PowerExtreme, PowerMax Pro
553:Gravis Computervertriebsgesellschaft mbH
283:
1686:. Offices of the United States Attorneys
907:
465:
415:S900, a Macintosh clone manufactured by
386:
61:. The earliest Mac clones were based on
1056:
199:was built into the Mac OS. By the time
1191:O'Connor, Rory J. (24 November 1986),
1090:
1088:
894:, and is protected in the U.S. by the
197:CPU emulator to run 68000 applications
1472:Pogue, David; Schorr, Joseph (1999).
1118:"The Official ShapeShifter Home Page"
942:Classmate, WalkMac SE, WalkMac SE-30
540:Genesis, MP-Card "nPower", Millenium
7:
890:, a high performance variant of the
1573:from the original on April 26, 2015
1405:"CERTIORARI -- SUMMARY DISPOSITION"
1345:Elmer-DeWitt, Philip (2009-11-14).
794:In 1999, Jobs had discussions with
250:, including the use of the GUI and
1719:Spiegelman, Lisa L. (2008-04-16).
317: – to be used on
151:lost control over its own platform
92:is more commonly referred to as a
25:
1475:MacWorld Mac Secrets, 5th Edition
1445:Linzmayer, Owen W. (2004-01-01).
1210:Flynn, Laurie (31 October 1988),
1153:"MacOS-Compatible Systems: NuTek"
65:and reverse-engineered Macintosh
1613:Souppouris, Aaron (2014-02-05).
1315:"Apple sues clone maker Psystar"
1639:"Dell: We Would License Mac OS"
1561:Carlton, Jim (April 14, 1998).
1250:da Costa Marques, Ivan (2003),
1067:Coventry, Joshua (2006-12-05).
556:MT, TT, TT Pro, Gravision Four
430:licensing program entailed the
93:
798:, Chairman and interim CEO of
766:Jobs ends the official program
498:Atmark, @World (Apple Pippin)
62:
1:
1792:Russian Vintage Laptop Museum
123:Franklin Computer Corporation
1773:Infos on all macs and clones
1592:Musil, Steven (2011-10-23).
1506:October 1997 Seybold Seminar
1069:"Apples From Other Orchards"
686:Infinity, X-Factor, X-Force
545:DynaTec Memory Systems GmbH
74:switch to the Intel platform
1723:. INFOWORLD:Macintosh News.
1421:Borrell, Jerry (May 1992).
1378:Keizer, Greg (2009-11-15).
1290:Patel, Nilay (2008-04-16).
1029:Uchishiba Seisakusho, Inc.
1004:Modbook Pro, Modbook Pro X
919:Assistive Technology, Inc.
666:Power Computing Corporation
660:Alternate 4200, 4233, 4250
393:Power Computing Corporation
191:Starting with the sales of
1826:
1761:Mac Clones by Manufacturer
1737:. Low End Mac. 2016-07-05.
1279:Psystar Releases Mac Clone
1020:Sixty-Eight Thousand, Inc.
852:
696:System 100, System 81/110
332:
301:
53:is a computer running the
29:
1313:Fried, Ina (2008-07-15).
1097:"Tiger Learning Computer"
932:Modbook 100, Modbook 150
866:, a Mac conversion is an
751:QuickTower, ImediaEngine
1095:Owad, Tom (2004-01-19).
983:Marathon Computer, Inc.
965:Hardware Research, Inc.
874:, such as the Macintosh
712:Shaye 200, Shaye 200/II
625:StarMax 3000, 4000, 5000
601:Marathon Computer, Inc.
596:Millenium, Millenium G3
572:KMP 2000 (Apple Pippin)
30:Not to be confused with
1775:(incl. details on some
1423:"Opening Pandora's Box"
1347:"Apple wins clone suit"
974:Intelitec Systems Corp.
620:Motorola Computer Group
561:International Computer
1752:Mac Clones and New O/S
548:Junior, 5/300, 10/300
419:
395:
266:
184:were released for the
116:the minimal amount of
46:
1179:Home Office Computing
1132:"The PowerPC Triumph"
410:
390:
264:
40:
1451:. pp. 254–256.
1024:Dash 30fx, Dash 40Q
855:Macintosh conversion
849:Macintosh conversion
825:the Macintosh to an
610:Maxxboxx Datasystems
246:Mac's entire set of
86:Mac operating system
1567:Wall Street Journal
896:First-sale doctrine
636:MPC-GX1, MPC-LX200
632:Pioneer Corporation
527:Computer Warehouse
503:Centralen Norrland
371:community project.
341:Psystar Corporation
329:Psystar Corporation
1785:(at LowEndMac.com)
1769:(at LowEndMac.com)
1173:Eric Taub (1991),
652:PotzBits 975, 985
424:market penetration
420:
396:
377:U.S. Supreme Court
267:
114:reverse-engineered
47:
1763:(at EveryMac.com)
1429:. pp. 21–22.
1359:on March 30, 2010
1045:IBM PC compatible
1036:
1035:
1014:Laptop, Notebook
986:iRack, PowerRack
968:Rack Mounted Mac
763:
762:
736:UMAX Technologies
641:PIOS Computer AG
417:UMAX Technologies
241:Unlicensed clones
158:Tiger Electronics
76:, many non-Apple
16:(Redirected from
1817:
1810:Macintosh clones
1796:
1779:/ at MacInfo.de)
1767:Macintosh clones
1739:
1738:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1442:
1431:
1430:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1355:. Archived from
1342:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1287:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1256:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1092:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1064:
908:
782:
704:Expression 604e
480:MicroBook Power
466:
441:
365:Mac OS X Leopard
272:Outbound Systems
21:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1800:
1799:
1788:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1576:
1574:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1494:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1444:
1443:
1434:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1325:CBS Corporation
1312:
1311:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1277:
1273:
1265:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1102:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1041:
857:
851:
781:US$ 100,000,000
780:
768:
536:DayStar Digital
485:APS Technology
451:Power Computing
439:
385:
383:Licensed clones
339:In April 2008,
337:
331:
306:
300:
284:Mac conversions
243:
170:
102:
51:Macintosh clone
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1823:
1821:
1813:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1786:
1780:
1777:mainboard PCBs
1770:
1764:
1758:
1747:
1746:External links
1744:
1741:
1740:
1726:
1711:
1708:. Low End Mac.
1697:
1675:
1651:
1641:. betanews.com
1630:
1605:
1584:
1553:
1538:
1523:
1508:
1499:
1492:
1464:
1457:
1432:
1413:
1396:
1370:
1337:
1305:
1282:
1271:
1242:
1221:
1202:
1183:
1165:
1155:. EveryMac.com
1144:
1123:
1109:
1099:. Applefritter
1084:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1002:
996:
995:
992:
988:
987:
984:
980:
979:
976:
970:
969:
966:
962:
961:
958:
952:
951:
948:
944:
943:
940:
934:
933:
930:
928:Axiotron, Inc.
924:
923:
920:
916:
915:
912:
888:Shelby Mustang
853:Main article:
850:
847:
827:Intel platform
767:
764:
761:
760:
757:
753:
752:
749:
745:
744:
738:
732:
731:
728:
726:Tatung Company
722:
721:
718:
714:
713:
710:
706:
705:
702:
698:
697:
694:
688:
687:
684:
680:
679:
676:
672:
671:
668:
662:
661:
658:
654:
653:
650:
646:
645:
642:
638:
637:
634:
628:
627:
622:
616:
615:
612:
606:
605:
602:
598:
597:
594:
590:
589:
586:
582:
581:
578:
574:
573:
570:
566:
565:
562:
558:
557:
554:
550:
549:
546:
542:
541:
538:
532:
531:
528:
524:
523:
520:
516:
515:
512:
508:
507:
504:
500:
499:
496:
490:
489:
486:
482:
481:
478:
474:
473:
470:
384:
381:
363:computer with
333:Main article:
330:
327:
302:Main article:
299:
296:
242:
239:
169:
166:
101:
98:
72:Since Apple's
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1822:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1794:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1620:
1616:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1588:
1585:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1493:0-7645-4040-8
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1458:1-59327-010-0
1454:
1450:
1449:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1414:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1341:
1338:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1293:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1268:on 2004-12-08
1264:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1232:. low end mac
1231:
1225:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
993:
990:
989:
985:
982:
981:
977:
975:
972:
971:
967:
964:
963:
959:
957:
954:
953:
949:
947:Cutting Edge
946:
945:
941:
939:
938:Colby Systems
936:
935:
931:
929:
926:
925:
921:
918:
917:
913:
910:
909:
906:
903:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
862:
856:
848:
846:
844:
843:Phil Schiller
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
808:
806:
801:
797:
792:
789:
784:
776:
773:
765:
758:
755:
754:
750:
747:
746:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
716:
715:
711:
708:
707:
703:
700:
699:
695:
693:
690:
689:
685:
682:
681:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
664:
663:
659:
656:
655:
651:
648:
647:
643:
640:
639:
635:
633:
630:
629:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
613:
611:
608:
607:
603:
600:
599:
595:
592:
591:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
571:
568:
567:
563:
560:
559:
555:
552:
551:
547:
544:
543:
539:
537:
534:
533:
529:
526:
525:
521:
518:
517:
514:MacOS Clones
513:
510:
509:
505:
502:
501:
497:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
483:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
467:
464:
461:
458:
456:
452:
448:
443:
437:
433:
429:
425:
418:
414:
413:UMAX SuperMac
409:
405:
403:
402:
394:
389:
382:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
336:
328:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
305:
297:
295:
293:
287:
285:
281:
280:Colby Systems
277:
273:
263:
259:
257:
253:
249:
240:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
215:
212:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
167:
165:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
44:
39:
33:
19:
1791:
1729:
1714:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1678:
1667:. Retrieved
1663:
1654:
1643:. Retrieved
1633:
1622:. Retrieved
1618:
1608:
1597:
1587:
1575:. Retrieved
1566:
1556:
1547:
1541:
1532:
1526:
1517:
1511:
1502:
1474:
1467:
1447:
1426:
1416:
1399:
1389:November 15,
1387:. Retrieved
1373:
1363:November 15,
1361:. Retrieved
1357:the original
1350:
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1318:
1308:
1296:. Retrieved
1285:
1274:
1263:the original
1258:
1245:
1234:. Retrieved
1224:
1215:
1205:
1196:
1186:
1178:
1168:
1157:. Retrieved
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1126:
1112:
1101:. Retrieved
1076:. Retrieved
1000:Modbook Inc.
904:
900:
892:Ford Mustang
884:car industry
872:Mac computer
858:
839:Michael Dell
823:transitioned
821:Since Apple
820:
809:
793:
785:
777:
769:
756:VisionPower
462:
459:
444:
421:
399:
397:
338:
314:
310:
307:
288:
268:
244:
216:
209:
205:Sharp X68000
193:PowerPC Macs
190:
171:
155:
143:Packard Bell
131:Leading Edge
103:
71:
50:
48:
1756:archive.org
1754:movie from
1330:19 November
1218:, p. 8
1199:, p. 5
1073:Low End Mac
950:Quatro 850
880:motherboard
868:aftermarket
770:Soon after
683:PowerTools
657:Power Dome
569:Katz Media
564:IC 3, IC 4
438:(initially
426:. Apple's
252:file system
178:Spectre GCR
1669:2005-06-06
1645:2010-11-16
1624:2014-07-08
1482:. p.
1294:. Engadget
1236:2011-05-22
1159:2006-05-25
1103:2007-03-04
1078:2007-03-04
1051:References
922:Freestyle
772:Steve Jobs
522:PowerCity
511:Centro HL
319:generic PC
311:Hackintosh
304:Hackintosh
298:Hackintosh
162:AppleWorks
100:Background
94:Hackintosh
32:Hackintosh
18:Clonintosh
1619:The Verge
1577:March 16,
1480:IDG Books
1352:CNN Money
1320:CNET News
1216:InfoWorld
1197:InfoWorld
1032:BookcaSE
994:McMobile
991:McMobile
914:Products
812:Sony VAIO
796:Ben Rosen
788:PC clones
748:Vertegri
649:PotzBits
604:Rack Mac
593:MacWorks
472:Products
432:licensing
398:In 1992,
343:based in
315:Mac OSx86
292:PC clones
286:instead.
211:Connectix
182:emulators
168:Emulators
63:emulators
59:Apple Inc
1804:Category
1795:(museum)
1571:Archived
1548:Macworld
1533:Macworld
1518:Macworld
1427:Macworld
1384:Pc World
1039:See also
1010:Outbound
978:MX Plus
911:Company
864:hardware
816:Mac OS X
741:SuperMac
678:StepMAC
675:PowerEx
588:Starway
577:Mactell
488:M*Power
469:Company
428:Mac OS 7
401:Macworld
256:System 7
231:Executor
174:Atari ST
118:firmware
106:Apple II
1690:Sep 28,
1298:Sep 17,
956:Dynamac
878:or the
814:to run
701:RedBox
585:MacWay
519:ComJet
447:PowerPC
436:royalty
349:Florida
335:Psystar
276:Dynamac
235:PowerPC
229:called
223:Windows
147:Amstrad
43:StarMax
1490:
1455:
1137:1 July
800:Compaq
717:Storm
709:Shaye
692:Radius
494:Bandai
440:US$ 50
357:Wintel
258:ROMs.
139:Kaypro
127:Compaq
110:IBM PC
78:Wintel
55:Mac OS
1408:(PDF)
1266:(PDF)
1255:(PDF)
861:Apple
506:Reid
477:Akia
373:Apple
369:OSx86
353:OSx86
345:Miami
227:Linux
201:68060
186:Amiga
135:Tandy
90:macOS
1692:2017
1664:CNET
1599:CNET
1579:2019
1488:ISBN
1453:ISBN
1391:2009
1365:2009
1332:2008
1300:2008
1139:2011
835:Dell
831:iPod
730:TPC
455:UMAX
453:and
355:, a
323:DMCA
278:and
248:APIs
225:and
195:, a
108:and
104:The
67:ROMs
41:The
1484:453
876:ROM
219:DOS
1806::
1662:.
1617:.
1596:.
1569:.
1565:.
1486:.
1478:.
1435:^
1425:.
1382:.
1349:.
1323:.
1317:.
1257:,
1214:,
1195:,
1177:,
1087:^
1071:.
1059:^
805:HP
411:A
361:PC
347:,
274:,
188:.
153:.
145:,
141:,
137:,
133:,
129:,
96:.
82:PC
49:A
1694:.
1672:.
1648:.
1627:.
1602:.
1581:.
1496:.
1461:.
1410:.
1393:.
1367:.
1334:.
1302:.
1239:.
1162:.
1141:.
1120:.
1106:.
1081:.
359:/
221:/
80:/
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
