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406:, a magazine offering literature, science, art and education. She became known for literary works that portrayed indigenous people in a positive light, in contrast to the mainstream views of her society. Even though she was of white ancestry, she did not agree with the oppressive treatment of Peru's indigenous peoples, and she used her writings to speak out on their behalf. Matto de Turner also used her writings to campaign for better education for women.
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483:(1889). This novel was controversial because it was about a love affair between a white man and an indigenous woman, which was considered a disgrace among Latin American society during this time, and because it spoke of the immorality of the priests during that period. The reason the characters in the novel couldn't marry was because they eventually learned that they were both fathered by the same philandering priest.
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526:; she also gave numerous public lectures and wrote many articles for the press. Matto de Turner spent most of her time teaching at a local university as a professor. In 1908, when she visited Europe for the first time in her life, she made sure to carefully document this in the book
346:. As a teenager, Matto attended the school that is now known as the Escuela Nacional de Educandas (National Women's Secondary School). There she took some very unconventional courses that were viewed as unfeminine in the culture. She majored in independent studies, which included
522:(Northerners, Miniatures, and Porcelain) a collection of essays which includes "Narraciones histĂłricas," an important historiographical contribution that shows her deep sorrow at being exiled from Peru and her longing to return. In Buenos Aires Matto de Turner founded
463:, although with her political and controversial writings she often thought it would be safer to live outside of Peru. In Lima she joined many different literary organizations and publications. In 1887, Matto de Turner became director of
397:
and the Inca. She became very familiar with indigenous culture, and the more she learned, the more she embraced it. Much of her writing is inspired by what she learned from her acquaintance with this culture. She found work as a
479:(Heredity). These novels talk about the indigenous people getting stripped of all their civil rights as well as getting persecuted by the community and the self-indulgent priests. Matto de Turner's most famous novel was
335:("Lily of the Andes") throughout the region. Matto de Turner was baptized Grimanesa Martina Mato, but was called Clorinda among her friends and family. She originally had one "T" in her last name, but after studying the
426:
861:
328:, Peru. Matto de Turner's father was RamĂłn Mato Torres and her mother was Grimanesa ConcepciĂłn Usandivares. When her mother died, she became known as
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Growing up in Cuzco, the former Inca capital, Matto spent most of her days on her family's estate, Paullo Chico, which is near the village of
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independence. Her own independence inspired women throughout the region as her writings sparked controversy in her own culture.
421:. While there she published two volumes of "tradiciones cuzqueñas," one in 1884 and another in 1886. She also wrote the drama
366:
881:
871:
753:
Ward, Thomas. "The Royal
Commentaries as a Kaleidoscopic National Archetype: The Pursuit of Post-Colonial Identities in Peru."
886:
582:. Lima: Imprenta del Universo de Carlos Prince, 1889. A first translation of the novel was published in London in 1904.
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of Peru. Besides her literary works she also got involved in politics, and raised money for the development of the
841:
708:. 3 Vols. Vol 2: Institutional Modes and Cultural Modalities. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004: II: 278–288.
704:
González PĂ©rez, AnĂbal. "Novel and
Journalism: Strategic Interchanges". Eds. Mario J. Valdés & Djelal Kadir.
50:
788:
393:, where they lived for 10 years. In Tinta, Matto de Turner became more aware of Peru's two histories: the
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was not Matto de Turner's only controversial work. She also published a controversial story written by a
680:
438:
234:
92:
750:. Ed. Roberto González EchevarrĂa and Enrique Pupo-Walker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
648:
Campbell, Margaret V., The "Tradiciones
Cuzquenas" of Clorinda Matto De Turner. Index of Volume 42 1959
836:
831:
434:
358:. Matto left school at the age of sixteen to spend more time taking care of her brother and father.
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124:
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Birds
Without a Nest: A Story of Indian Life and Priestly Oppression in Peru /by Mrs. Clorinda ...
230:
442:
370:
467:, where she published many of her novels. She published three novels between 1889 and 1895:
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Davies, Catherine. "Spanish-American
Interiors: Spatial Metaphors, Gender and Modernity".
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Reinterpreting the
Spanish American Essay: Women Writers of the 19th and 20th Centuries
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511:
153:
530:(Trip of Amusement). The book was released in newspapers upon her death in 1909.
666:
Berg, Mary G. "Writing for her Life: The Essays of
Clorinda Matto de Turner", in
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413:. Unable to improve her financial situation in Tinta, Matto de Turner moved to
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736:. By Clorinda Matto de Turner. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996: vi-xxi.
389:, Dr. Turner, a wealthy landowner. Shortly after their marriage they moved to
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722:. Vol. I. Ed. Solé/Abreu. NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989: pp. 305–309.
504:
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743:. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004; sobre Matto de Turner, 170–174.
663:. Ed. Diane E. Marting. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1990, pp. 303–315.
677:. New York: Las Américas, 1971; "The Indianist Novels", pp. 139–157.
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355:
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Fox-Lockert, LucĂa. "Clorinda Matto de Turner: Aves sin nido (1889)".
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Viaje de recreo: España, Francia, Inglaterra, Italia, Suiza, Alemana
518:, where she continued her literary activities. In 1900, she wrote
402:, with local and foreign papers. In 1878, Matto de Turner founded
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Grimanesa
Concepción Usandivaras Gárate and Ramón Matto Torres
18:
651:
Chasteen, Charles John. "Born in Blood & Fire", p165,166
670:. Ed. Doris Meyer. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995.
706:
Literary
Cultures of Latin America: A Comparative History
339:
she added the extra "T" to give the name an Inca flavor.
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Photo on glass plate taken at the photographic studio of
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Biography, epistolary prose, travel writing, and essays
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Matto de Turner eventually moved from Tinta to live in
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Website which includes two of Matto's important essays
687:. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998: xiii-xlii.
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where she worked as editor in chief at the newspaper
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spoken by the indigenous people in the Cuzco Region
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748:The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature
715:. Liverpool: Francis Carnes, 1987, pp. 74–79.
746:Prieto, René. "The Literature of Indigenismo".
409:In 1881, her husband died, leaving the estate
718:Kristal, EfraĂn. "Clorinda Matto de Turner".
8:
699:Women Novelists in Spain and Spanish America
385:In 1871, at the age of 19, Matto married an
377:2:1–20), translation by Clorinda Matto into
757:, Issue 79, Vol. 42.2 (Fall 2009): 185–194.
755:Review: Literature and Arts of the Americas
701:. Metuchen, N.J: The Scarecrow Press, 1979.
304:writer who lived during the early years of
659:Berg, Mary G. "Clorinda Matto de Turner".
636:Hima-Sumac: Drama en tres actos y en prosa
80:
617:Cuatro conferencias sobre América del Sur
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
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499:. Her controversial writings led to her
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32:This article includes a list of general
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605:Bocetos al lápiz de americanos célebres
619:. Buenos Aires: Juan A. Alsina, 1909.
613:. Buenos Aires: Juan A. Alsina, 1902.
563:. 2 vols. Lima: Torres Aguirre, 1886.
7:
862:19th-century Peruvian women writers
594:. Lima: Imprenta Bacigalupi, 1893.
588:. Lima: Imprenta Bacigalupi, 1891.
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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808:Clorinda Matto de Turner (1904).
611:Boreales, miniaturas y porcelanas
520:Boreales, Miniaturas y Porcelanas
177:Cementerio General de La Almudena
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741:Early Spanish American Narrative
713:A History of Peruvian Literature
675:The Early Spanish American Novel
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847:Peruvian emigrants to Argentina
607:. Lima: Peter Bacigalupi, 1889.
300:– 25 October 1909) was a
732:Lindstrom, Naomi. "Foreword".
727:The Andes Viewed from the City
661:Spanish-American Women Writers
638:. Lima: "La Equitativa", 1893.
569:. Lima: "La Equitativa", 1893.
1:
867:19th-century Peruvian writers
729:. New York: Peter Lang, 1987.
625:. Valencia: F. Sempere, 1909.
557:. Arequipa: "La Bolsa", 1884.
555:Perú: Tradiciones cuzqueñas
534:First editions of her works
324:She was born and raised in
16:Peruvian writer (1852–1909)
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214:Joseph Turner (1871-1881)
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892:19th-century translators
877:Peruvian women essayists
857:Peruvian women novelists
814:unknown library. Thynne.
789:List of Peruvian writers
673:Castagnaro, R. Anthony.
543:Clorinda Matto de Turner
471:(Birds Without a Nest),
312:Early life and education
294:Clorinda Matto de Turner
85:Clorinda Matto de Turner
694:22.1 (Mar 2004): 27–39.
320:Matto de Turner, c.1890
53:more precise citations.
882:19th-century essayists
872:19th-century novelists
720:Latin American Writers
681:Cornejo Polar, Antonio
549:Tradiciones y leyendas
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510:In 1895, she moved to
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435:Acts of the Apostles
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852:Peruvian essayists
739:Lindstrom, Naomi.
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404:El Recreo de Casco
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