20:
81:; she then coined the name "proteoid roots" in reference to the plant family in which it was known to occur. Proteoid roots are now known to occur in 27 different Proteaceae genera, plus around 30 species from other families, including
360:
7. Lambers, H., Shane, M.W., Cramer, M.D., Pearse, S.J., & Veneklaas, E.J. 2006. Root structure and functioning for efficient acquisition of phosphorus: matching morphological and physiological traits. Ann. Bot. 98: 693–713.
48:. They enhance nutrient uptake, possibly by chemically modifying the soil environment to improve nutrient solubilisation. As a result, plants with proteoid roots can grow in soil that is very low in nutrients, such as the
351:
5. Lambers, H. & Poot, P. (eds) 2003. Structure and
Functioning of Cluster Roots and Plant Responses to Phosphate Deficiency. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
159:
deficiency, leading to plant death. Crop management should minimise root disturbance, and weed control should be via slashing or contact herbicides.
309:
P.J. Hocking and S. Jeffery (2004). "Cluster-root production and organic anion exudation in a group of old-world lupins and a new-world lupin".
220:
Purnell, Helen M. (1960). "Studies of the family
Proteaceae: I. Anatomy and morphology of the roots of some Victorian species".
44:
that form clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets. They may form a two- to five-centimetre-thick mat just beneath the
386:
191:
Grierson, P.F. and P. M. Attiwill (1989). "Chemical characteristics of the proteoid root mat of
Banksia integrifolia L. ".
222:
193:
19:
258:
376:
68:
381:
354:
6. Shane, M.W. & Lambers, H. 2005. Cluster roots: A curiosity in context. Plant Soil 274: 99–123.
320:
128:
cluster roots form the primary rootlets, and also form secondary rootlets on the primary rootlets.
162:
Many plants with proteoid roots have economic value. Cultivated crops with proteoid roots include
336:
90:
362:
285:
328:
275:
267:
231:
202:
332:
324:
250:
311:
280:
370:
86:
340:
148:
144:
110:
60:
94:
45:
355:
152:
114:
106:
102:
82:
64:
49:
170:
139:
77:
53:
289:
271:
155:
should be used, as higher levels cause phosphorus toxicity and sometimes
98:
164:
133:
235:
206:
72:
38:
18:
71:. In 1960, Helen Purnell examined 44 species from ten Proteaceae
156:
41:
151:
industries. In cultivation, only slow-release low-phosphorus
363:
http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/98/4/693
63:
in 1894, after he discovered them on plants of the family
124:cluster roots form rootlets only along a root;
75:, finding proteoid roots in every genus except
105:. Similar structures also occur in species of
8:
251:"Proteoid roots. Physiology and development"
356:https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11104-004-2725-7
16:Root structures that aid phosphorus uptake
279:
249:Watt, Michelle and John R. Evans (1999).
183:
7:
333:10.1023/B:PLSO.0000016544.18563.86
14:
1:
59:They were first described by
223:Australian Journal of Botany
194:Australian Journal of Botany
52:-deficient native soils of
403:
120:Two forms are recognised:
131:Some Proteaceae, such as
25:Leucospermum cordifolium
69:Leipzig Botanic Gardens
117:is yet to be studied.
27:
387:Plant root morphology
22:
272:10.1104/pp.121.2.317
143:, are valued by the
325:2004PlSoi.258..135H
28:
23:Proteoid roots of
236:10.1071/BT9600038
207:10.1071/BT9890137
394:
345:
344:
306:
300:
299:
297:
296:
283:
259:Plant Physiology
255:
246:
240:
239:
217:
211:
210:
188:
33:, also known as
402:
401:
397:
396:
395:
393:
392:
391:
377:Plant nutrition
367:
366:
349:
348:
308:
307:
303:
294:
292:
253:
248:
247:
243:
219:
218:
214:
190:
189:
185:
180:
17:
12:
11:
5:
400:
398:
390:
389:
384:
379:
369:
368:
347:
346:
319:(1): 135–150.
312:Plant and Soil
301:
266:(2): 317–323.
241:
212:
201:(2): 137–143.
182:
181:
179:
176:
35:proteoid roots
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
399:
388:
385:
383:
382:Plant anatomy
380:
378:
375:
374:
372:
365:
364:
358:
357:
352:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
305:
302:
291:
287:
282:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
252:
245:
242:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:
216:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
195:
187:
184:
177:
175:
173:
172:
167:
166:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
141:
136:
135:
129:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
87:Casuarinaceae
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
66:
62:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
40:
36:
32:
31:Cluster roots
26:
21:
359:
353:
350:
316:
310:
304:
293:. Retrieved
263:
257:
244:
230:(1): 38–50.
227:
221:
215:
198:
192:
186:
169:
163:
161:
149:floriculture
145:horticulture
138:
132:
130:
125:
121:
119:
113:, but their
111:Restionaceae
76:
61:Adolf Engler
58:
34:
30:
29:
24:
153:fertilizers
95:Leguminosae
91:Eleagnaceae
67:growing in
46:leaf litter
371:Categories
295:2006-11-07
178:References
115:physiology
107:Cyperaceae
103:Myricaceae
83:Betulaceae
65:Proteaceae
50:phosphorus
171:Macadamia
140:Grevillea
78:Persoonia
54:Australia
341:25635666
290:10517822
126:compound
99:Moraceae
321:Bibcode
281:1539228
165:Lupinus
134:Banksia
339:
288:
278:
122:simple
73:genera
37:, are
337:S2CID
254:(PDF)
42:roots
39:plant
286:PMID
168:and
157:iron
147:and
137:and
109:and
101:and
329:doi
317:258
276:PMC
268:doi
264:121
232:doi
203:doi
373::
335:.
327:.
315:.
284:.
274:.
262:.
256:.
226:.
199:37
197:.
174:.
97:,
93:,
89:,
85:,
56:.
343:.
331::
323::
298:.
270::
238:.
234::
228:8
209:.
205::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
