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flowing southeast into the Amazon's northwest quadrant. This
Colombian-Venezuelan range extends to the coast, and is coastal along northern Venezuela, as it is an extension of the range from the Guianas, (western Guyana). The thrush's range covers the downstream eastern half of the Amazon Basin; in
250:
The cocoa thrush is 22–24 cm long. It is dark rufous brown above and paler rufous brown below. There are five poorly defined races, differing mainly in the brightness of the plumage. Sexes are similar, but young birds are duller, having the scalloped underparts common in immature thrushes. The
323:
Its preferred habitat is dense forest. The nest is a lined bulky cup of twigs low in a tree or treefern. Two to three reddish-blotched greenish-blue eggs are laid and incubated by the female for about 13 days to hatching. The young then fledge in another 13–15 days.
528:
279:, the cocoa thrush ranges into two areas. A medium-sized disjunct population lives on southeast coastal Brazil; the narrow coastal range is 300 km wide and extends from
287:
state, about 2300 km. Another range for the species is in northeast
Colombia and southwest Venezuela. It covers parts of the headwaters of the Caribbean-flowing
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song is a musical warble, and it also produces a variety of typical thrush
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drainages; also two thirds of the adjacent river system, the lower
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state with the
Guianas. In the southeast Basin, it is in the
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The cocoa thrush mainly feeds on or near the ground on
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291:drainage, and adjacent Amazonian headwaters to the
398:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22708908A94184107.en
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485:A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
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29:
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226:south and east to central and eastern
487:(2nd ed.). Comstock Publishing.
7:
417:
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818:IUCN Red List least concern species
384:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
424:"Turdus fumigatus (Cocoa Thrush)"
73:
511:on the Internet Bird Collection
373:BirdLife International (2016).
283:state in the north to southern
868:Birds of the Amazon rainforest
296:the northeast Basin, it is in
267:In South America, besides the
1:
858:Birds of the Atlantic Forest
848:Birds of the Lesser Antilles
468:. London: Christopher Helm.
884:
853:Birds of the Guiana Shield
529:Cocoa Thrush photo gallery
483:ffrench, Richard (1991).
453:by Clement and Hathaway,
214:) is a resident breeding
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70:Scientific classification
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46:
37:
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464:Hilty, Steven L (2003).
391:: e.T22708908A94184107.
263:Distribution and habitat
863:Birds described in 1823
422:Acres, Solan (2017).
525:) incorrect RangeMap
230:, as well as on the
40:Conservation status
843:Birds of Venezuela
466:Birds of Venezuela
340:and their larvae,
838:Birds of Colombia
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804:
551:Taxon identifiers
432:UWI St. Augustine
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186:Lichtenstein, MHC
161:T. fumigatus
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795:Turdus-fumigatus
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238:and some of the
211:Turdus fumigatus
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55:Least Concern
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24:Cocoa thrush
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509:Cocoa Thrush
484:
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436:. Retrieved
430:
402:. Retrieved
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269:Amazon Basin
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206:cocoa thrush
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18:
764:Neotropical
699:iNaturalist
583:Wikispecies
541:tsgcs.co.uk
404:12 November
310:Xingu River
246:Description
812:Categories
790:Xeno-canto
519:Grenadines
438:2023-12-25
360:References
342:earthworms
320:drainage.
234:island of
348:and some
328:Behaviour
293:Rio Negro
232:Caribbean
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
828:Thrushes
743:22708908
717:10213417
629:22708908
624:BirdLife
568:Wikidata
451:Thrushes
344:, other
314:Araguaia
275:and the
236:Trinidad
224:Colombia
137:Turdidae
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
769:cocthr1
691:2490729
678:cocthr1
652:cocthr1
611:Avibase
574:Q684348
539:Article
523:Grenada
354:berries
334:insects
316:–
281:Alagoas
273:Guianas
259:calls.
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
823:Turdus
756:200368
730:563578
515:Stamps
491:
472:
457:
350:fruits
271:, the
228:Brazil
216:thrush
188:, 1823
148:Turdus
782:76067
712:IRMNG
704:12715
673:eBird
665:59PLJ
649:BOW:
642:72034
531:VIREO
517:(for
427:(PDF)
302:Amapá
253:chuck
751:NCBI
738:IUCN
725:ITIS
686:GBIF
637:BOLD
489:ISBN
470:ISBN
455:ISBN
406:2021
389:2016
352:and
338:ants
308:and
300:and
298:Pará
257:chak
255:and
204:The
117:Aves
660:CoL
598:ADW
521:of
393:doi
218:in
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537:;
429:.
414:^
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497:.
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408:.
395::
379:"
375:"
208:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
