446:
situation for the natural ingredient artemisinin, Novartis was able to undertake the pharmaceutical industry's most aggressive manufacturing scale-up of its kind from 4 million treatments in 2004 to 62 million treatments in 2006. Novartis and its partners invested heavily in expanding production capacity at their facilities in China, and
Suffern, New York. This increase in production capacity ensured that supplies of Coartem met demand which enabled Novartis to further decrease the price of Coartem. In April 2008, Novartis further reduced the public sector price of Coartem by approximately 20%, to an average of US$ 0.80 (or US$ 0.37 for a child's treatment pack). This price reduction was made possible through production efficiency gains.
1614:
479:-based combination therapy developed specifically for children with malaria. Coartem Dispersible contains the same ratio of artemether and lumefantrine as Coartem. It works as well as other formulations. The sweet-tasting Coartem Dispersible tablets disperse quickly in small amounts of water, easing administration and ensuring effective dosing.
445:
along with other donors. Novartis has lowered the price of
Coartem by 50% since 2001, increasing access to patients around the world. The first significant price reduction occurred in 2006, when the price of Coartem decreased from an average of US$ 1.57 to US$ 1.00. In 2006, due to an improved supply
462:
On April 8, 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) announced that Coartem was approved for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria infections in adults and children weighing at least five kilograms (approximately 11 pounds) becoming the first artemisinin-based combination therapy
841:
Abdulla S, Sagara I, Borrmann S, D'Alessandro U, González R, Hamel M, et al. (November 2008). "Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in
African infants and children with uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, single-blind,
696:
Mueller EA, van Vugt M, Kirch W, Andriano K, Hunt P, de
Palacios PI (November 2006). "Efficacy and safety of the six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adolescents and adults: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from
412:-based combination therapy to meet the World Health Organization's (WHO) pre-qualification criteria for efficacy, safety and quality was created. It is approved in over 80 countries worldwide, including various countries in Africa, as well as
453:
against India, seeking to prohibit the marketing of cheap generic drugs. An Indian court ruled against
Novartis, saying that the case was a "threat to people suffering from cancer and other diseases who are too poor to pay for them".
400:, including grapefruit juice, can either increase or lower blood levels of artemether/lumefantrine, depending on the sort of substance. This can either lead to more severe side effects or to reduced efficiency.
383:
Food, in particular fat, enhances the absorption of both artemether and lumefantrine, and patients are advised to take the tablets with food as soon as a meal can be tolerated. Coartem has a potential to
197:
903:
1654:
657:"Efficacy and safety of the six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine in pediatrics with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a pooled analysis of individual patient data"
152:
267:
438:
82:
320:. While not well studied, it appears to be safe for use in pregnancy. The dose does not need changing in those with mild or moderate kidney or liver problems.
752:
WHO Prequalification
Programme: Priority Essential Medicines. Access to Artemesinin-based antimalarial medicinal products of acceptable quality. Available at
896:
889:
396:, another antimalarial, can cause a life-threatening QT prolongation. Drugs and other substances influencing the activity of the liver enzyme
1568:
515:
324:
1649:
1639:
795:
588:
557:
339:
The combination is an effective and well-tolerated malaria treatment, providing high cure rates even in areas of multi-drug resistance.
1211:
639:
582:
551:
421:
811:
442:
182:
881:
1440:
1004:
472:
1604:
355:, although mild forms in most cases. Other fairly common side effects (more than 3% of patients) include sleep disorder,
1634:
316:
Common side effects include muscle and joint pains, fever, loss of appetite, and headache. Serious side effects include
1644:
1585:
388:, so combinations with other drugs having that property can cause irregular heartbeat, potentially leading to lethal
1284:
602:
417:
737:
389:
1573:
1435:
140:
767:
1423:
1299:
1255:
1429:
348:
305:
1349:
916:
511:
225:
92:
1329:
1111:
867:
352:
328:
114:
980:
792:
1060:
971:
859:
714:
678:
635:
578:
572:
547:
541:
254:
210:
72:
1118:
1097:
851:
706:
668:
655:
Makanga M, Premji Z, Falade C, Karbwang J, Mueller EA, Andriano K, et al. (June 2006).
610:
317:
234:
1618:
799:
741:
385:
372:
819:
323:
This combination came into medical use in 1992 and was developed in China. It is on the
31:
1579:
1550:
1238:
1089:
920:
855:
710:
1628:
1554:
1522:
1219:
1022:
1014:
912:
106:
1540:
1526:
1375:
1355:
1188:
1174:
1051:
1027:
996:
985:
961:
924:
871:
393:
296:
165:
160:
60:
55:
48:
543:
The evolution of drug discovery : from traditional medicines to modern drugs
437:
Coartem is provided without profit to developing countries using grants from the
1494:
1404:
1380:
1365:
1360:
1314:
1263:
1224:
1132:
1106:
1101:
1032:
955:
944:
476:
409:
364:
310:
100:
1486:
1417:
1345:
1324:
1309:
1202:
1148:
1122:
1037:
673:
656:
413:
292:
245:
43:
1370:
1319:
1268:
1243:
1232:
1158:
1127:
933:
86:
863:
718:
682:
607:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019
765:
WHO Health
Systems and Services: Prequalification Programme. Available at
1078:
450:
356:
615:
1512:
1153:
753:
368:
300:
17:
734:
397:
360:
313:. It is not typically used to prevent malaria. It is taken by mouth.
771:
885:
204:
574:
Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics in theory and clinical practice
577:(2nd ed.). New York: Informa Healthcare. p. 380.
191:
125:
632:
619:. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
546:(1. Aufl. ed.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. p. 139.
325:
World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
274:
291:
among others, is a combination of the two medications
1602:
514:. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
351:. The drug frequently causes headache, dizziness and
1539:
1511:
1485:
1449:
1402:
1393:
1338:
1298:
1277:
1254:
1210:
1201:
1167:
1141:
1088:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1013:
995:
970:
954:
943:
932:
449:Prior to this program, Novartis was criticised for
439:
Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
244:
224:
219:
181:
176:
151:
139:
113:
99:
81:
71:
66:
54:
42:
37:
812:"FDA Approves Coartem Tablets to Treat Malaria"
233:
1655:World Health Organization essential medicines
897:
634:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 45.
8:
30:
730:
728:
1399:
1207:
1085:
1074:
1065:
1056:
967:
951:
940:
904:
890:
882:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
494:
492:
253:
793:Make Trade Fair: Patients before Profits.
672:
614:
535:
533:
1609:
488:
475:(MMV) launched Coartem Dispersible, an
371:, gastrointestinal disorders, itch and
367:, as well as unspecific reactions like
105:
29:
609:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
91:
7:
756:mal_suppliers.pdf Accessed May 2008.
754:http://healthtech.whoz.int/pq/lists/
164:
25:
711:10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.09.007
422:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
1612:
591:from the original on 2015-12-08.
571:Nightingale, Charles H. (2007).
560:from the original on 2015-12-08.
518:from the original on 2015-12-08
463:approved in the United States.
318:prolongation of the QT interval
1441:piperaquine/dihydroartemisinin
471:In January 2009, Novartis and
443:President's Malaria Initiative
408:In 2001, the first fixed dose
1:
1005:trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
856:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61492-0
697:randomized clinical trials".
512:"Artemether and Lumefantrine"
473:Medicines for Malaria Venture
458:Approval in the United States
77:Coartem, Riamet, Falcynate-LF
1403:Fixed-dose (co-formulated)
327:. It is not available as a
287:, sold under the trade name
1650:Drugs developed by Novartis
1640:Combination antiviral drugs
309:that is not treatable with
1671:
630:Hamilton, Richart (2015).
451:a court case they launched
1563:
1285:sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine
674:10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.991
603:World Health Organization
418:European Medicines Agency
264:
540:Ravina, Enrique (2011).
390:ventricular fibrillation
1436:artesunate/pyronaridine
1413:artemether/lumefantrine
392:. The combination with
386:prolong the QT interval
285:Artemether/lumefantrine
32:Artemether/lumefantrine
1424:artesunate/amodiaquine
349:anaphylactic reactions
299:. It is used to treat
1458:artesunate/mefloquine
1430:artesunate/mefloquine
798:May 15, 2011, at the
740:May 21, 2016, at the
661:Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg
306:Plasmodium falciparum
1470:quinine/tetracycline
1142:4-Methanolquinolines
917:antiprotozoal agents
842:multicentre trial".
1635:Antimalarial agents
1467:quinine/doxycycline
1464:quinine/clindamycin
1452:(not co-formulated)
433:Access to treatment
428:Society and culture
200:(Prescription only)
34:
1645:Chinese inventions
1590:Never to phase III
1450:Other combinations
1330:dihydroartemisinin
1112:hydroxychloroquine
783:Accessed May 2008.
735:Drugs.com: Coartem
347:Coartem can cause
329:generic medication
1600:
1599:
1535:
1534:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1389:
1388:
1294:
1293:
1197:
1196:
1046:
1045:
972:Cryptosporidiosis
850:(9652): 1819–27.
282:
281:
208:
195:
129:
16:(Redirected from
1662:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1400:
1208:
1086:
1075:
1066:
1057:
968:
952:
941:
923:antiparasitics (
906:
899:
892:
883:
876:
875:
838:
832:
831:
829:
827:
822:on 11 April 2009
818:. Archived from
808:
802:
790:
784:
782:
780:
779:
770:. Archived from
763:
757:
750:
744:
732:
723:
722:
693:
687:
686:
676:
652:
646:
645:
627:
621:
620:
618:
599:
593:
592:
568:
562:
561:
537:
528:
527:
525:
523:
508:
278:
277:
270:
257:
237:
206:
203:
193:
190:
168:
127:
124:
109:
95:
35:
33:
27:Combination drug
21:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1580:Clinical trials
1559:
1542:
1531:
1514:
1499:
1473:
1451:
1445:
1395:
1385:
1334:
1301:
1290:
1273:
1250:
1212:DHFR inhibitors
1193:
1163:
1137:
1090:Aminoquinolines
1080:
1070:
1042:
1009:
991:
959:
946:
935:
928:
910:
880:
879:
840:
839:
835:
825:
823:
810:
809:
805:
800:Wayback Machine
791:
787:
777:
775:
766:
764:
760:
751:
747:
742:Wayback Machine
733:
726:
695:
694:
690:
654:
653:
649:
642:
629:
628:
624:
601:
600:
596:
585:
570:
569:
565:
554:
539:
538:
531:
521:
519:
510:
509:
490:
485:
469:
460:
435:
430:
406:
381:
373:nasopharyngitis
345:
337:
273:
271:
268:(what is this?)
265:
260:
240:
215:
172:
142:
135:
116:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1551:Blastocystosis
1547:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1278:Co-formulation
1275:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1239:chlorproguanil
1228:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1001:
999:
993:
992:
990:
989:
976:
974:
965:
949:
938:
930:
929:
921:Chromalveolata
913:Antiparasitics
911:
909:
908:
901:
894:
886:
878:
877:
833:
803:
785:
758:
745:
724:
705:(1–2): 41–53.
688:
647:
640:
622:
594:
583:
563:
552:
529:
487:
486:
484:
481:
468:
465:
459:
456:
434:
431:
429:
426:
420:(EMA) and the
405:
402:
380:
377:
344:
341:
336:
333:
280:
279:
262:
261:
259:
258:
250:
248:
242:
241:
239:
238:
230:
228:
222:
221:
217:
216:
214:
213:
201:
187:
185:
179:
178:
174:
173:
171:
170:
157:
155:
149:
148:
145:
143:administration
137:
136:
134:
133:
131:
121:
119:
111:
110:
103:
97:
96:
89:
79:
78:
75:
69:
68:
64:
63:
58:
52:
51:
46:
40:
39:
38:Combination of
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1667:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1606:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1555:metronidazole
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1538:
1528:
1524:
1523:Balantidiasis
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1510:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1461:artesunate/SP
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1300:Sesquiterpene
1297:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1220:pyrimethamine
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:pyrimethamine
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1015:Toxoplasmosis
1012:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
987:
983:
982:
978:
977:
975:
973:
969:
966:
963:
962:Coccidiostats
957:
953:
950:
948:
942:
939:
937:
931:
926:
922:
918:
914:
907:
902:
900:
895:
893:
888:
887:
884:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
837:
834:
821:
817:
813:
807:
804:
801:
797:
794:
789:
786:
774:on 2009-05-13
773:
769:
762:
759:
755:
749:
746:
743:
739:
736:
731:
729:
725:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
692:
689:
684:
680:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
651:
648:
643:
641:9781284057560
637:
633:
626:
623:
617:
612:
608:
604:
598:
595:
590:
586:
584:9781420017137
580:
576:
575:
567:
564:
559:
555:
553:9783527326693
549:
545:
544:
536:
534:
530:
517:
513:
507:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
489:
482:
480:
478:
474:
466:
464:
457:
455:
452:
447:
444:
440:
432:
427:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
403:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
342:
340:
334:
332:
330:
326:
321:
319:
314:
312:
308:
307:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
276:
269:
263:
256:
252:
251:
249:
247:
243:
236:
232:
231:
229:
227:
223:
218:
212:
202:
199:
189:
188:
186:
184:
180:
175:
167:
162:
159:
158:
156:
154:
150:
146:
144:
138:
132:
123:
122:
120:
118:
112:
108:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
74:
70:
67:Clinical data
65:
62:
59:
57:
53:
50:
47:
45:
41:
36:
19:
1527:tetracycline
1420:/piperaquine
1412:
1376:pyronaridine
1356:tetracycline
1256:Sulfonamides
1231:
1189:halofantrine
1180:+ artemether
1179:
1175:lumefantrine
1052:Aconoidasida
1028:sulfadiazine
997:Isosporiasis
986:nitazoxanide
979:
847:
843:
836:
824:. Retrieved
820:the original
815:
806:
788:
776:. Retrieved
772:the original
768:"New Page 1"
761:
748:
702:
698:
691:
667:(6): 991–8.
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660:
650:
631:
625:
616:10665/325771
606:
597:
573:
566:
542:
520:. Retrieved
470:
461:
448:
436:
407:
394:halofantrine
382:
379:Interactions
346:
343:Side effects
338:
335:Medical uses
322:
315:
304:
297:lumefantrine
288:
284:
283:
272:
266:
183:Legal status
177:Legal status
61:Antimalarial
56:Lumefantrine
49:Antimalarial
1576:from market
1495:clindamycin
1381:piperaquine
1366:clindamycin
1361:doxycycline
1350:+ proguanil
1315:artemisinin
1264:sulfadoxine
1225:cycloguanil
1203:Antifolates
1133:tafenoquine
1107:chloroquine
1102:amodiaquine
1069:Individual
1033:clindamycin
981:thiazolides
956:Conoidasida
816:www.fda.gov
477:artemisinin
467:Dispersible
410:artemisinin
365:palpitation
311:chloroquine
235:141204-94-6
220:Identifiers
101:MedlinePlus
73:Trade names
1629:Categories
1487:Babesiosis
1418:arterolane
1346:atovaquone
1325:artesunate
1310:artemether
1233:biguanides
1149:mefloquine
1123:primaquine
1081:inhibitors
1038:atovaquone
826:14 January
778:2009-05-20
483:References
414:Swissmedic
303:caused by
293:artemether
246:ChemSpider
226:CAS Number
44:Artemether
1586:Phase III
1574:Withdrawn
1371:mepacrine
1320:artemotil
1269:sulfalene
1244:proguanil
1159:quinidine
1128:pamaquine
699:Acta Trop
141:Routes of
115:Pregnancy
93:Monograph
87:Drugs.com
1619:Medicine
1541:Stramen-
1302:lactones
1079:Hemozoin
864:18926569
796:Archived
738:Archived
719:17045558
683:16760509
605:(2019).
589:Archived
558:Archived
516:Archived
357:tinnitus
353:anorexia
275:(verify)
255:21106282
153:ATC code
147:By mouth
117:category
1396:nations
1154:quinine
1061:Malaria
945:Apicom-
872:8207921
424:(FDA).
404:History
369:vertigo
301:malaria
289:Coartem
169:)
163: (
161:P01BF01
130: D
107:a609024
18:Coartem
1605:Portal
1569:WHO-EM
1513:Cilio-
1432:(ASMQ)
1426:(ASAQ)
1394:Combi-
1071:agents
934:Alveo-
870:
862:
844:Lancet
717:
681:
638:
581:
550:
522:Dec 2,
416:, the
398:CYP3A4
361:tremor
211:℞-only
209:
196:
1543:opile
1515:phora
1339:Other
1168:Other
947:plexa
868:S2CID
441:, US
1405:ACTs
1287:(SP)
1119:(8-)
1098:(4-)
936:late
860:PMID
828:2022
715:PMID
679:PMID
636:ISBN
579:ISBN
548:ISBN
524:2015
295:and
83:AHFS
925:P01
852:doi
848:372
707:doi
703:100
669:doi
611:hdl
166:WHO
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198:S4
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