450:
158:
303:
230:
403:
432:
In 1749 Cobham had died, and the cohesiveness of the group was threatened by the fact that some of his followers were still in government while others were in opposition. Pitt and George
Grenville emerged as the effective leaders of the party - which continued to meet at Stowe. In 1756 Pitt led the
245:
in 1733 forcing
Walpole to withdraw the Bill. Walpole punished him by removing Cobham's command of his regiment. This prompted Cobham to break entirely from his support of Walpole, and he now crossed to join the Opposition. He began to gather a group of supporters around him, often holding their
257:
Although almost exclusively made up of Whigs, the group worked closely with the Tories who made up the bulk of the
Opposition, and shared Cobham's sharp dislike of the Walpole government. Cobham's supporters and the other Whigs refused to become Tories, and were soon styling themselves as the
479:
party that held office in 1763 with George
Grenville as Prime Minister, while others joined Pitt in opposition. This switched over in 1766 when Pitt became First Minister, and Grenville led his own followers into opposition. The two groups held strikingly opposing views on the
380:. They attacked him, also for his strategic control of the war which they felt placed too much emphasis on fighting in Germany and not enough in waging war with Spain in the Americas. In 1744 they played a part in the end of Carteret's government, to be replaced one led by
273:
Walpole outraged them further by dismissing all those who held army commissions and had spoken out against him - which they considered an abuse of his powers. The group now set about attacking
Walpole in an attempt to force him from office. They joined forces with the
212:
The group emerged during the breakdown of the two-party system in
Britain when the dominant Whig party had split into several factions - many of whom were in opposition to their fellow Whigs who were in government. Lord Cobham had originally been a supporter of
356:
which had broken out in 1739. Walpole was distinctly anti-war and had only reluctantly prosecuted the war - a fact that outraged the pro-war
Patriot faction who pushed for his dismissal. Walpole was finally forced into resignation in the wake of the disastrous
468:, Pitt resigned. While some of the group followed him, George Grenville remained in cabinet with the rest of the old Cobhamite party - this led to a degree of bad-feeling and the break-up of what had been a cohesive group for nearly thirty years.
417:
disliked him due to repeated criticisms Pitt had made of
Hanover. Pitt and the remaining Cobhamites continued to give the government their support for the next few years, and Pitt was finally rewarded by being given the job of
484:, with Grenville and his supporters holding hawkish views while Pitt preferred conciliation. Pitt and Grenville were eventually able to agree to reconciliation before the latter's death in 1770.
352:
Pitt made a series of attacks on
Walpole in Parliament, which slowly helped to erode the Prime Minister's authority. Most distressing to the group was the Prime Minister's poor handling of the
413:
A large number of Cobham's supporters then went to join the new government. Despite having orchestrated the deal, Pitt didn't take a post in the administration almost because King
657:
425:
By the 1750s the group became distinctly displeased with the policies pursued by the
Pelhams, and in 1755 they opposed and attacked a government measure regarding a
652:
672:
141:
515:
323:
433:
group into government once more where they were known as the 'Ministry of Cousins' because so many were related. The group then participated in the
667:
449:
530:
338:- many of whom were related to each other either by blood or by marriage. Because of their youth they were popularly known as Cobham's Cubs.
335:
157:
500:
181:
161:
64:
38:
465:
429:, leading to Grenville and Pitt being dismissed and returning to opposition where they continued to attack the Newcastle government.
505:
406:
377:
46:
279:
193:
362:
358:
267:
111:
434:
414:
263:
146:
520:
136:
617:
456:
led one of the two factions born out of the Cobhamite party, and served as Prime Minister between 1763 and 1765
266:
a noted opponent of Walpole and his father, the King. The Cobham members would often pay court to Frederick at
241:
In 1730s he had begun to grow gradually disenchanted with Walpole, coming to a head when he opposed a proposed
177:
525:
419:
319:
662:
369:
353:
315:
250:
in Buckinghamshire. They were a mixture of MPs, Peers as well as some prospective politicians. The writer
185:
472:
426:
302:
481:
438:
287:
322:
for a while also sat with the group, but later broke with them. Other prominent members included
307:
214:
197:
126:
368:
Having helped to bring Walpole down in 1742 with their fierce attacks on his mishandling of the
385:
229:
637:
510:
453:
327:
291:
201:
189:
50:
409:
was the best known member of the faction and he largely assumed its leadership after 1749.
397:
373:
372:, the group were equally opposed to the government that followed it, headed officially by
251:
218:
646:
347:
331:
259:
184:
and his supporters. Among its members, the group included the future Prime Ministers
381:
104:
33:
622:
476:
247:
242:
234:
632:
283:
461:
487:
The sons of Pitt and Grenville and many of their supporters were to form a
217:
when he became Prime Minister in 1721, voting with the government in the
116:
100:
627:
488:
491:
party in the 1780s which dominated British politics for a generation.
464:
in the cabinet, and frustrated by his colleagues' refusal to launch a
402:
448:
301:
228:
156:
275:
314:
The first of the younger generation to gain notoriety was
196:
philosophy and were at first supporters of Prime Minister
318:
who was elected to Parliament in 1735. His elder brother
618:
Kingdom of Great Britain § Patronage and corruption
422:
which did not require regular contact with the King.
460:
In October 1761 annoyed at the growing influence of
122:
110:
96:
78:
70:
60:
32:
23:
475:in 1763 the split continued with some joining the
605:William Pitt, Earl of Chatham: The Great Commoner
306:The group was built around its opposition to
8:
471:Even after the war was concluded with the
361:and only winning a narrow majority in the
262:'. The group was at times associated with
20:
516:Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple
164:, the founder and the patron of the group
401:
658:1761 disestablishments in Great Britain
541:
437:which guided Britain to victory in the
246:meetings at Cobham's famous estate at
16:18th-century British political faction
653:1730s establishments in Great Britain
531:George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton
7:
600:. Cambridge University Press, 1992.
501:Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham
310:, Prime Minister from 1721 to 1742.
182:Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham
14:
673:William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
506:William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
254:was associated with the group.
180:political faction built around
668:Eponymous political ideologies
200:but later became opponents of
1:
84:; 263 years ago
466:pre-emptive attack on Spain
689:
607:. Allen & Unwin, 1978.
395:
345:
264:Frederick, Prince of Wales
237:, Cobham's country estate.
286:sympathies. His daughter
233:The members often met at
137:Politics of Great Britain
132:
172:faction (often known as
435:Pitt–Newcastle ministry
420:Paymaster of the Forces
176:) were an 18th-century
603:Brown, Peter Douglas.
457:
410:
311:
238:
165:
452:
405:
396:Further information:
392:Entry into Government
363:1741 general election
346:Further information:
305:
232:
192:. They had a general
160:
384:and his brother the
258:'Patriot Party' or '
123:National affiliation
376:but in fact led by
354:War of Jenkins' Ear
280:Sir William Wyndham
458:
427:Treaty with Russia
411:
359:Siege of Cartagena
312:
308:Sir Robert Walpole
239:
215:Sir Robert Walpole
202:his administration
198:Sir Robert Walpole
166:
495:Prominent members
386:Duke of Newcastle
324:Richard Grenville
155:
154:
142:Political parties
97:Succeeded by
56:
44:
680:
638:Rockingham Whigs
585:
582:
576:
573:
567:
564:
558:
555:
549:
546:
521:Thomas Grenville
511:George Grenville
482:issue of America
454:George Grenville
439:Seven Years' War
336:George Lyttelton
328:George Grenville
292:George Grenville
282:, known for his
190:George Grenville
92:
90:
85:
54:
51:George Grenville
42:
21:
688:
687:
683:
682:
681:
679:
678:
677:
643:
642:
614:
596:Black, Jeremy.
593:
588:
583:
579:
574:
570:
565:
561:
556:
552:
547:
543:
539:
497:
447:
400:
398:Pelham Ministry
394:
374:Lord Wilmington
350:
344:
300:
268:Leicester House
227:
210:
151:
88:
86:
83:
53:
45:
41:
28:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
686:
684:
676:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
645:
644:
641:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
613:
610:
609:
608:
601:
598:Pitt the Elder
592:
589:
587:
586:
584:Brown p.117-18
577:
568:
559:
550:
540:
538:
535:
534:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
496:
493:
473:Peace of Paris
446:
443:
393:
390:
370:war with Spain
343:
340:
299:
296:
290:later married
252:Alexander Pope
226:
223:
219:House of Lords
209:
206:
153:
152:
150:
149:
144:
139:
133:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
108:
107:
98:
94:
93:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
36:
30:
29:
25:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
685:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
663:Whig factions
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
648:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
611:
606:
602:
599:
595:
594:
590:
581:
578:
575:Black p.57-58
572:
569:
563:
560:
557:Black p.37-39
554:
551:
545:
542:
536:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
494:
492:
490:
485:
483:
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
455:
451:
444:
442:
440:
436:
430:
428:
423:
421:
416:
408:
404:
399:
391:
389:
387:
383:
379:
378:Lord Carteret
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
355:
349:
348:Patriot Whigs
341:
339:
337:
333:
332:Robert Nedham
329:
325:
321:
317:
309:
304:
297:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
271:
269:
265:
261:
260:Patriot Whigs
255:
253:
249:
244:
236:
231:
224:
222:
220:
216:
207:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
174:Cobham's Cubs
171:
163:
159:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
121:
118:
115:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
52:
48:
40:
37:
35:
31:
22:
19:
604:
597:
591:Bibliography
580:
571:
562:
553:
544:
486:
470:
459:
431:
424:
412:
407:William Pitt
382:Henry Pelham
367:
351:
316:William Pitt
313:
272:
256:
240:
211:
186:William Pitt
173:
169:
167:
105:Grenvillites
47:William Pitt
43:(1730s–1749)
18:
623:Grenvillite
526:Thomas Pitt
477:Grenvillite
445:Later Split
320:Thomas Pitt
248:Stowe House
243:Excise Bill
235:Stowe House
162:Lord Cobham
65:Lord Cobham
55:(1749–1761)
39:Lord Cobham
647:Categories
633:Bedfordite
566:Brown p.54
548:Brown p.40
537:References
342:Opposition
298:Membership
208:Background
26:Cobhamites
462:Lord Bute
415:George II
288:Elizabeth
225:Emergence
170:Cobhamite
147:Elections
79:Dissolved
612:See also
284:Jacobite
117:Whiggism
112:Ideology
101:Pittites
628:Pittite
489:Pittite
278:leader
178:British
87: (
71:Founded
61:Founder
103:&
49:&
34:Leader
127:Whigs
74:1730s
334:and
276:Tory
194:Whig
188:and
168:The
89:1761
82:1761
649::
441:.
388:.
365:.
330:,
326:,
294:.
270:.
221:.
204:.
91:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
