264:'s famous Christmas Radio Message 1942, which describes it as " the external conditions that are needed by all citizens to develop their quality and their offices, their material, intellectual, and religious lives, since, on the one hand, the strengths and energies of the family and of other organisms, which have a natural precedence, are not enough, on the other, the saving will of God has not determined in the Church a universal universal society serving the human person and the implementation of its religious ends''.
36:
422:), on the forecast of works for the depressed areas, on agrarian reform, on the establishment and management of bodies state participation. According to Andreotti, the Code was conceived as a "social manifestation of Italian Catholics that served as a conceptual framework for the operational developments of the constructive action of the CC and for a stable and superficial reference to the political impact with which the Catholics would have come to confront".
452:, as it is allegedly detrimental to the national economy. A very debated feature of that system was, for example, the so-called "improper charges", constituted by the costs incurred in by public companies for non-productive gain initiatives, aimed at the development of depressed areas, support for employment, public control of strategic sectors for military, political and economic security in the country.
257:
is, to which all citizens can participate in their attitudes and conditions, well that individuals and families are unable to implement, since the state does not have to substitute individuals and families ... But a general directive (of social justice) must always be the protection and uplift of the less well-equipped classes, unless it is understood, distributive and commutative justice".
256:
At the end of the "retreat" week, some principles were agreed upon, then articulated in 76 enunciations later collectively considered as the Code of
Camaldoli. Among the statements there was the definition of the function of the state: "The end of the state is the promotion of the common good, that
305:
On the duty of solidarity, the Code prescribes that "As long as there are members in the society who lack the necessary, it is the fundamental duty of society to provide, both with private charity, with private charity institutions and with other means, including restriction of the property of
271:
came a warning about the possible legitimacy in some cases of civil disobedience: " If the state issues an unjust law, the subjects are not obligated to obey, but may be required to implement what the law provides for higher reasons. the object of the law is immoral, that is, it violates human
309:
On the point of the distribution of capital, it states that "a good economic system must avoid the excessive enrichment that it leads to a fair distribution, and in any case it must prevent that by controlling a few on concentrations of wealth, the overwhelming small groups on the economy".
150:
and ecclesiastical assistant of the graduates of
Catholic Action. The guiding principles were worked out by Sergio Paronetto, Pasquale Saraceno and Ezio Vanoni. The definitive drafting of the Code was attended by Andreotti, Mario Ferrari Aggradi,
191:, elaborated in 1927. The Camaldolese document was to be the sequel, ideal and timely. Compiled by the International Union of Social Studies in Malines, Belgium, the document represented an attempt to codify some of the fundamental principles of
275:
About the economic life of the state, after affirming that "For ordering economic life it is necessary to add to the law of justice the law of charity", the code lists eight moral principles to be informed of the activity of economic life:
100:) is a document planning economic policy drawn up in July 1943 by members of the Italian Catholic forces. It served as an inspiration and guideline for economic policy of the
803:
459:) were expressly pursued with deliberate use of the possibilities offered by the system of state participations, in fact they defined the latter as "the preferred instrument for
728:
Giancarlo
Pallavicini, essay published on the occasion of the "70th Anniversary of the Camaldoli Code", University Library, Link Campus University, Rome, September 20, 2013 (
283:
The equality of personal rights, in spite of the profound individual differences coming from different degrees of intelligence, ability, physical strength, etc. ;
425:
It was in particular the system of state participations to be subject to subsequent criticisms. With the subsequent translation into the laws of that program, a
248:
led to an acceleration of
Camaldoli's work, making the anticipated week to anticipate the return of participants to urgent commitments on the territory.
179:. None of the signatories were present in representation of religious or political entities: each of the participants assumed personal responsibility.
846:
432:
414:
and protectionism, provided for the liberalization of foreign trade; and influenced on housing policy (Fanfani home plan), on the southern issue (the
660:
643:
630:
236:, which was immediately abolished by the regime. The day after the start of work, 19 July, there was the bombing of the Roman neighborhood of
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The dignity of the human person, which demands a well ordered freedom of the individual also in the economic field;
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664:
444:. Accompanied by related phenomena such as subsistence and identified by detractors as a signal of impenetrable
61:
417:
188:
286:
Solidarity, that is, the duty of cooperation also in the economic field to achieve the common goal of society;
836:
241:
856:
533:
806:, "Diari Di Bordo", N. 14, Preface by Carlo Vallauri and Paolo Massimo, Postfazione by Andrea Camaiora.
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The document, especially in the list of 76 statements, refers to some inspirational texts, including:
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dignity or is openly in conflict with the law of God, each is obliged to conscientiously not obey."
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729:
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The possibility of appropriation in the various legitimate ways among which the work is paramount;
831:
460:
143:
558:
Dal welfare state alla welfare society. Teologia sociale e azione pastorale di
Caritas italiana
811:
The Code of
Camaldoli. DC and Research of the "Third Way" between State and Market (1943–1993)
786:
768:
754:
678:
592:
588:
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237:
214:
116:
The document was elaborated at the end of a week of study held from 18 to 23 July 1943 in the
187:
The Code of
Camaldoli was conceived on the model of the "Malines Code", the first attempt at
799:, in Id., Economy and Politics by Camaldoli in Saragat (1941–1971), Rome, New Culture, 2007.
342:
135:
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105:
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Respect for the need for distributive and legal justice in the intervention of the state.
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engaged in the two decades following the reform which, as a result of the overcoming of
322:
219:
160:
134:(Catholic Action) and the Catholic Institute of Social Work participated. According to
218:(Pope Pius XI, 1931), a fundamental text of the doctrine of Christianity. Despite the
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449:
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261:
208:
509:
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was still under tension. On July 15, just three days before the start of the work,
176:
139:
582:
17:
751:
The planned disaster. State
Participation in the Democristian Consensus System
677:
Encyclopedia of
Christian Social Thought , Dominican Study Editions, 1992 -
524:– via Luigi Sturzo Institute, 23 July 2013. It was first published in
232:
168:
125:
121:
117:
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362:
298:
Respect for the demands of commutative justice in remuneration for work;
445:
411:
374:
289:
The primary destination of material goods for the benefit of all men;
196:
455:
According to Mario
Ferrari Aggradi, some of these purposes (such as
306:
unnecessary goods, to the extent necessary to satisfy the needy. "
260:
The subsequent definition of "common good" is noted in the note by
199:(the Malines Code was then subject to partial revision in 1933).
245:
716:
The system of state-owned enterprises in the Italian experience
138:, the young people of Catholic Action were close to the future
108:
was for several legislatures the biggest party of government.
104:
party, which was being formed at that time and that after the
29:
584:
Archives of Italian Economic and Business History: I – 2017
295:
The free trade of goods in respect of commutative justice:
737:
Origins and development of the public industry in Italy
230:
had started hiding the publications of the periodical
785:, vol. V, pp. 241–289, Milan, Giuffrè, 2002.
804:The Code of Camaldoli and Catholic Reconstruction
705:Because the Code of Camaldoli was a turning point
406:the "Code" would subsequently strongly inspire
195:in the Catholic world in the twentieth century
797:Catholic Reconstruction: The Code of Camaldoli
587:(in Italian). Franco Angeli Edizioni. p.
551:
549:
516:(in Italian). No. XXXV. July–August 1984
448:, this system was increasingly pressed to be
430:
415:
206:, the Malines Code was, with the encyclicals
8:
661:"Presentazione della Settimana di Camaldoli"
631:"Sezione Riferimenti – Codice di Camaldoli"
433:Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
765:The Sign of DC. Italy from defeat to G-7
43:This article includes a list of general
739:, in "Civitas", September–October 1982.
472:
813:, Guerini and Associates, Milan, 2014.
531:
339:Thomas Aquinas, I, II, XXI, 4, and III
222:, the relationship between regime and
7:
613:"La risposta alle ansie di un'epoca"
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
746:, in "Civitas", July–August 1984.
27:1943 Italian economic policy plan
847:Camaldolese monasteries in Italy
783:Studies in Honor by Luca Buttaro
721:Bruno Amoroso - Ole Jess Olsen,
34:
429:was developed based on Fascist
175:. Finally, it was presented by
142:. The jobs were coordinated by
742:Maria Luisa Paronetto Valier,
700:, Rome: Editions Civitas, 1984
1:
767:, Bari, Dedalo Libri, 2002.
753:, Bari, Dedalo Libri, 1991.
391:Christmas Radio Message 1942
809:Alessandro Angelo Persico,
744:Editorial Code of Camaldoli
581:VV, AA (13 February 2018).
490:(in Italian). December 2012
437:, briefly referred to as a
398:Effects on Italian politics
873:
556:Rinaldi, Marcello (2006).
538:: CS1 maint: postscript (
212:(Pope Leo XIII, 1891) and
128:. About fifty people from
711:", XXXV, July–August 1984
842:Catholic social teaching
779:Public Economics Removed
510:"La svolta di Camaldoli"
481:"Il Codice di Camaldoli"
418:Cassa per il Mezzogiorno
189:Catholic Social Doctrine
735:Mario Ferrari Aggradi,
718:, Milan, Giuffrè, 1975.
408:the Christian Democrats
242:United States Air Force
159:, Ferruccio Pergolesi,
64:more precise citations.
725:, Bari, Laterza, 1978.
723:The Entrepreneur State
703:Paolo Emilio Taviani,
431:
416:
698:The Code of Camaldoli
488:GiuseppeCapograssi.it
441:state participations
404:Paolo Emilio Taviani
380:Mit Brennender Sorge
356:Acts of the Apostles
348:Letter to the Romans
269:Acts of the Apostles
220:Lateran Pact of 1929
183:Premises and context
153:Paolo Emilio Taviani
714:Pasquale Saraceno,
641:on 11 October 2007.
560:. EffatĂ Editrice.
461:public intervention
314:Document references
157:Giuseppe Capograssi
102:Christian Democracy
98:Codice di Camaldoli
852:Province of Arezzo
802:Roberto Bonuglia,
795:Roberto Bonuglia,
646:2007-10-11 at the
427:state-owned system
144:Adriano Bernareggi
827:Politics of Italy
619:on 1 August 2012.
598:978-88-917-6616-8
526:Stato ed economia
351:, XII 1 - XIII, 5
244:. The bombing of
215:Quadragesimo anno
155:, Guido Gonella,
148:Bishop of Bergamo
94:Code of Camaldoli
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16:(Redirected from
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131:Azione Cattolica
106:Second World War
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327:Politicorum
238:San Lorenzo
224:Catholicism
62:introducing
821:Categories
635:LaPira.org
467:References
450:dismantled
439:system of
45:references
832:Doctrines
334:Ethicorum
267:From the
240:, by the
233:San Marco
169:Aldo Moro
126:Casentino
122:Camaldoli
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644:Archived
520:6 August
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387:Pius XII
363:Leo XIII
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