93:
102:
317:' extended stays in Britain. Political conflict between the two led to separate committees: the New Zealand–based Coinage Committee (appointed by Coates) separately approved various separate designs for the coins' reverses, seeking to create a distinct national character with the coinage. A prolonged disagreement followed between Coates and Deputy Master of the Royal Mint Robert Johnson over which series of designs would be produced, with the latter attempting to stall until Forbes' return to New Zealand in October 1933. Coates however conceded to the Coinage Committee's recommendations, and the reverse designs were put into production beginning over the following months. The first domestic coins to reach the country were a shipment of half-crowns which began to circulate in Auckland and Wellington in late November 1933. Other denominations, all dated 1933, followed over the succeeding months, with shillings finally reaching the country on 3 April 1934. New Zealand was the last
256:
1229:
1238:
996:
989:
810:
803:
758:
751:
397:. This 1935 or 'Waitangi' proof set was produced in tiny quantities, with only 364 sets produced. 100 of these were sold in leather cases, while the remainder was sold in simple cardboard boxes. These proof sets were sold in both Britain and New Zealand, although all coins in New Zealand were placed in unsecured cardboard boxes, alongside empty leather cases. The proof sets were sold for considerably high prices in New Zealand, and a low number of orders placed for the sets was attributed to economic difficulties in the waning years of the
1290:, divided into 100 cents. Its value was based on that of the prior coinage, with one shilling being equal to the new value of ten cents. Eight denominations of coin were defined, ranging from one dollar to one half cent. Upon taking effect on 10 July 1967, the act abolished the pound. While the halfpenny, penny, and threepence coins were withdrawn, the sixpence, shilling, and florin coins remained legal tender until 31 October 2006 with the withdrawal of the five-cent coin and the introduction of smaller-size 10, 20, and 50-cent coins.
1166:
1159:
1068:
1061:
536:
529:
583:
576:
702:
695:
471:
464:
647:
640:
1129:
1122:
866:
859:
240:
wave of currency smuggling caused a massive decline in the amount of
British silver coins available in New Zealand. The devalued pound sterling coinage in circulation in New Zealand was smuggled into Australia and the United Kingdom through various means, including emptied gas cylinders and the oil sumps of cars and motorcycles. Smugglers shipped cases of silver coins to Britain in refrigerators labelled as 'frozen duck'. By June 1933,
264:
ask how long a new coinage would take to enter production. Robert
Johnson recognised the urgency of the economic situation and gave a rough figure of six months to begin minting the coinage, estimating coinage to arrive in New Zealand by January 1934. The government announced the impending creation of New Zealand pound coinage and appointed a Coinage Committee to organise the design and production of the coinage with the Royal Mint.
24:
1279:. A government committee formed in 1957 to research the possibility reported favorably on the potential economic effects. Greater efficiency was a primary factor for the change, albeit offset by the cost of public education and the production of new coinage. National announced that decimalisation would proceed in 1963, and passed the
267:
Announcements of a national coinage and an agreement with the Royal Mint passed in the 1932-1933 Finance Act, led to calls from various politicians and local organisations, including the New
Zealand Manufacturers' Federation for coinage to instead be produced domestically, to provide a steady source
263:
As a result of smuggling and devaluation, large amounts of
British silver coinage had left the country, with the untendered Australian coinage rapidly taking its place as the primary silver coinage in circulation. Urged by Coates, the High Commission approached the Royal Mint again in April 1933 to
272:
advocated in
Parliament in favor of domestic minting due to the potential of providing local employment. Such proposals were met with ridicule by the Royal Mint, who suggested that switching to local or private minting would cause significant delays and costs. Robert Johnson described the proposal
239:
by 14 per cent against the
British pound sterling. This served as a boon for farmers, as exports sold for sterling could be converted into a greater amount of domestic currency. However, as pound sterling coinage in New Zealand was devalued relative to the same coins' value in Britain, a resulting
276:
The
Coinage Committee considered recommending a decimalised coinage, but ultimately chose to continue the same denominations as circulating Imperial silver coinage: the threepence, sixpence, shilling, florin, and half-crown. The Coinage Act, 1933, would outline the denominations, as well as their
365:, these coins were issued for 1940, although some 1940 dated pennies entered circulation in late 1939 to resolve increasing shortages of copper coinage. Unlike the initial designs of 1933, or the decimalisation redesigns of 1967, these new coins received relatively little contemporary attention.
198:, Australia demonetised the pound by ten per cent in 1930, leading to an extremely large influx of Australian coins into the country. By October 1931, thirty to forty per cent of all coinage in circulation in New Zealand was Australian. In response to this large amounts of unrecognised coinage,
289:
While the
Association of New Zealand Art Societies offered to facilitate a domestic competition for coinage design, the New Zealand government instead contracted the artists of the Royal Mint to design the coinage. While the obverse of the initial coinage series shows a crowned bust of
172:'s sole monopoly over coinage. By the turn of the century enough British coinage had entered circulation to meet New Zealand's demand. While still tied to the pound sterling, the New Zealand pound began to diverge following the British readoption of the gold standard after
1264:. Decimalisation was considered but ultimately rejected by the Coinage Committee in 1933. However, future possibilities for decimalisation were kept open in maintaining the crown as a nominal denomination, due to the potential for a crown and cent decimal system.
187:, stating that the ministry was considering minting New Zealand silver coinage in London. The presence of large amounts of Imperial coins and domestic banknotes led to a lack of public interest in proposals for domestic coinage prior to the 1930s.
268:
of employment for local workers. Statements by the
Coinage Committee that no domestic facilities existed for minting capabilities were refuted by local engineering firms, with one citing their production of 750,000 milk tokens for Wellington.
392:
were produced and distributed to collectors, containing a proof coin of each denomination, alongside a commemorative crown coin. The first was initially intended to be dated 1933, but was delayed until 1935 due to design conflicts over the
932:
Four commemorative issues were produced, of which all except the
Waitangi crown entered general circulation. The Waitangi crown was minted in extremely limited qualities, and was sold to collectors by itself, or as part of a proof set.
47:
outlined the weights and compositions of various denominations, out of which five silver issues entered circulation over the following year, after lengthy disagreement between rival coinage design committees. The copper
148:
of penny and halfpenny denominations were issued beginning in 1857, forming about half of copper coinage in local circulation. Minting of the tokens ceased in 1881, and they were officially demonetised in 1897.
1730:"An Act to provide for a system of decimal currency, and to make provision with respect to coinage, legal tender, and matters incidental to the foregoing purposes". Act of 1964 (PDF). New Zealand Parliament
1202:
917:
136:
formed the bulk of currency in circulation, but silver and gold coinage from the United States, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands also circulated. The legal tender was assumed to be the
194:
caused a limited amount of Australian coinage to circulate in New Zealand, although this was never recognised as legal tender. In an attempt to stabilise the economic position during the
376:, was the last silver coin issued for circulation in New Zealand. Another circulating commemorative crown, struck in cupronickel, was issued in 1953 to commemorate the coronation of
345:. The introduction of the bronze denominations had been outlined by the Coinage Act of 1933, but was not considered a high priority by the government due to the presence of imperial
277:
weight and acceptable degree of variation from this standard. A sixth 'crown' denomination was outlined in the act, but no coins of this denomination would be minted until the
101:
92:
152:
Various privately issued banknotes, redeemable in the New Zealand pound, circulated in the colony over the rest of the 19th century after the failure of the
199:
64:, was produced in extremely limited quantities and sold to collectors. Later commemorative crown issues in 1949 and 1953 were produced for circulation.
75:. With a decimal coinage system proposed since before its first introduction, New Zealand decimalised the national currency in 1967, introducing the
1760:
56:
entered circulation in 1940, corresponding to anniversary of the New Zealand centennial. An eighth denomination of coin, the five-shilling piece or
354:
1314:
314:
321:
to issue its own national coinage, and British coins (besides pennies and halfpennies) lost their status as legal tender on 1 February 1935.
1521:
1460:
541:
350:
338:
49:
306:. Metcalfe's designs were mainly rejected by the Advisory Committee in favor of Gray's work, although several were iterated upon by Gray.
218:
discouraged the proposal, stating that neither Australia nor the United Kingdom would be able to repatriate large quantities of currency.
1276:
368:
In 1947, due to increasing prices of silver and corresponding minting charges, the previously silver coinage began to be minted in
346:
1620:
1218:
259:
A pattern shilling by Kruger Gray, one of several designs approved by the Royal Mint, but vetoed by Coates' Coinage Committee.
128:
Coinage was first brought to New Zealand by whalers and traders in the early 19th century. Following the establishment of the
1483:
357:
had agreed to press for the introduction of such coinage for the celebrations of the Waitangi centennial. New Zealand artist
215:
1755:
815:
588:
361:
won design competitions for the penny and halfpenny, as well as for the commemorative half-crown. Following revisions by
476:
334:
245:
53:
707:
652:
36:
302:, the Royal Mint's Advisory Committee reviewed various designs for the reverses of each denomination by Metcalfe and
1673:
1578:
1440:
1272:
995:
988:
809:
802:
1228:
1765:
763:
1665:
1280:
1570:
358:
299:
872:
757:
750:
157:
57:
1171:
1165:
1158:
1067:
1060:
535:
528:
402:
255:
249:
241:
582:
575:
145:
1736:
1134:
470:
463:
180:
176:; unlike in the United Kingdom, the standard was not reinstated in New Zealand during the postwar period.
153:
72:
1087:
372:. A 1949 crown issue, circulated to commemorate a proposed but ultimately unrealised royal visit by King
202:
proposed the creation of an independent New Zealand coinage, raising the possibility of local mintage in
1001:
701:
694:
342:
133:
129:
646:
639:
44:
1237:
865:
858:
141:
1128:
1121:
1513:
1287:
628:
330:
303:
76:
1729:
1498:
1478:
1432:
1275:
joined support for decimalisation in the late 50s, with both parties supporting it during the
405:
produced to commemorate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, with a mintage of 7,000 pieces.
236:
32:
1639:
1018:
891:
836:
781:
725:
670:
606:
398:
195:
191:
165:
1499:
An act to make Provision with respect to Currency, Coinage, and Legal Tender in New Zealand
1256:
address calling for the creation of a pound currency divided into ten florins, each of ten
1253:
1271:
introduced various bills supporting decimalisation during the 1950s while in opposition.
738:
1140:
1091:
1073:
394:
362:
295:
278:
207:
137:
119:
61:
40:
1711:
1749:
1544:
1201:
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre. For table standards, see the
916:
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre. For table standards, see the
389:
232:
161:
1598:
377:
115:
179:
Early proposals of an independent New Zealand coinage include a 1910 statement to
794:
369:
269:
184:
173:
111:
68:
1479:"No Mystery Now: The Famous Cylinder, Extraordinary Structure, for Illegal Use"
60:, was produced solely through three commemorative issues. The first issue, the
1461:"An Economic History of New Zealand in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries"
211:
203:
1252:
A decimal currency was first proposed in New Zealand in August 1908, with an
1347:
1268:
373:
169:
566:
562:
1183:
849:
512:
318:
291:
281:
in 1935, and none would circulate until a commemorative issue in 1949.
23:
1177:
1102:
1096:
1041:
897:
840:
787:
742:
731:
676:
612:
494:
35:
was introduced in 1933 in response to large-scale smuggling of prior
1433:"'A Very Satisfactory Series': The 1933 New Zealand Coinage Designs"
254:
43:
and large influxes of other foreign coinage into circulation. The
686:
622:
498:
39:
after devaluation of New Zealand exchange rates relative to the
231:
In January 1933, Minister of Finance and former Prime Minister
1571:"Completing the Change: The New Zealand Coin Reverses of 1940"
1182:
The initials EiiR of Queen Elizabeth II, with Royal Crown and
502:
1186:
carving, surrounded by the four stars of the Southern Cross.
144:. Due to a shortage of small coins, various privately issued
1246:
A sixpence from 1965, the last year pound coinage was minted
140:, but no legislation confirming this existed until the 1858
273:
for a domestic mint as "economic nationalism run mad."
214:
about the possibility. Deputy Master of the Royal Mint
1139:
A fern leaf frond surrounded by the four stars of the
1465:
EH.Net Encyclopedia of Economic and Business History
248:had entered circulation in place of the now absent
1094:, standing under a royal crown. The chief holds a
1397:Hargreaves, R. P. (1972). "New Zealand Coinage".
848:The coat of arms of New Zealand, ornamented with
1346:Familton, Robert John; McLintock, A. H. (1966).
168:, introduced to New Zealand in 1898, formalised
1365:Hargreaves, R. P. (1972). "Victorian Coinage".
1692:Hargreaves, R. P. (1972). "Decimal Currency".
333:in 1940, three new coins were introduced: the
8:
1518:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography - Te Ara
1501:(Coinage Act). New Zealand Parliament. 1933.
1315:"The Legal History of Money in New Zealand"
1666:"The New Zealand 'Waitangi' Crown of 1935"
1401:. Dunedin: John McIndoe. pp. 141–160.
1164:
1157:
1127:
1120:
1066:
1059:
1045:. Tall modern buildings are to her right.
994:
987:
904:
864:
857:
808:
801:
756:
749:
700:
693:
645:
638:
581:
574:
534:
527:
469:
462:
67:Silver coinage was abandoned in favour of
1369:. Dunedin: John McIndoe. pp. 91–101.
1286:The act standardized a new currency, the
1039:stockade) to her left. The woman wears a
1031:(principal house of a Māori village) and
329:To mark the hundredth anniversary of the
935:
412:
22:
1298:
1035:(an elevated platform elected within a
1614:
1612:
27:Denominations of the New Zealand pound
1705:
1703:
1634:
1632:
1524:from the original on 23 February 2018
313:prime minister during Prime Minister
156:. An 1890s banking crisis led to the
7:
1716:Te Ara – Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1622:2014 Standard Catalog of World Coins
1459:Singleton, John (10 February 2008).
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1322:Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
401:. A second proof set including the
309:Gordon Coates was described as the
1712:"Decimal currency, 1960s to 2000s"
1599:"The Waitangi Proof Set Revisited"
516:(a greenstone Māori neck pendant)
14:
1696:. John McIndoe. pp. 170–190.
1597:Humble, Michael (December 1992).
160:required private banknotes to be
1710:Pollock, Kerryn (20 June 2012).
1236:
1227:
852:, traditional Māori woodcarving
558:97% copper, 2.5% zinc, 0.5% tin
222:Introduction of national coinage
100:
91:
1761:Economic history of New Zealand
1549:The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1543:Kerryn Pollock (20 June 2012).
1352:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
1219:Coins of the New Zealand dollar
1027:A Māori woman standing, with a
1647:New Zealand Numismatic Journal
1640:"Designs on New Zealand Coins"
1625:(41st ed.). p. 1633.
1603:New Zealand Numismatic Journal
1487:. 24 November 1933. p. 8.
388:Two sets of New Zealand pound
355:New Zealand Numismatic Society
1:
190:The 1910 introduction of the
1313:Matthews, Ken (March 2003).
1163:
1156:
1126:
1119:
1109:James Berry, Percy Metcalfe
1065:
1058:
993:
986:
863:
856:
807:
800:
755:
748:
699:
692:
644:
637:
580:
573:
533:
526:
468:
461:
300:coinage of Southern Rhodesia
896:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
890:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
839:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
835:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
786:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
780:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
730:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
724:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
675:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
669:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
611:1947–1965: 75% copper, 25%
605:1933–1946: 50% silver, 50%
1782:
1674:British Numismatic Journal
1653:(3): 74–77. February 1961.
1579:British Numismatic Journal
1441:British Numismatic Journal
1281:Decimal Currency Act, 1964
1216:
1199:
914:
114:issued by John Gilmour in
18:Former New Zealand coinage
1619:Cuhaj, George S. (2014).
1083:
1080:
1077:
1023:
1014:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
902:
681:
632:
627:
521:
518:
506:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
359:Leonard Cornwall Mitchell
298:, previously used in the
31:The first coinage of the
1514:"Forbes, George William"
1399:From Beads to Bank Notes
1367:From Beads to Bank Notes
1203:coin specification table
1081:1.525 inches (38.74 mm)
1009:1.272 inches (32.30 mm)
918:coin specification table
158:Bank Note Issue Act 1893
146:bronze and copper tokens
73:1949 commemorative crown
71:in 1947, except for the
37:British imperial coinage
1694:From Beads to Banknotes
1512:Gardner, W. J. (1996).
183:by Minister of Finance
118:, featuring a kiwi and
1737:New Zealand Parliament
1664:Stocker, Mark (2010).
1569:Stocker, Mark (2011).
1431:Stocker, Mark (2005).
1277:1960 general elections
341:, and a commemorative
260:
162:backed by gold coinage
154:Colonial Bank of Issue
110:1866 copper one penny
28:
1545:"Coins and banknotes"
1217:Further information:
1002:Centennial half-crown
950:Technical parameters
928:Commemorative coinage
428:Technical parameters
343:centennial half-crown
258:
130:Colony of New Zealand
26:
1756:Coins of New Zealand
1048:Leonard C. Mitchell
519:Leonard C. Mitchell
206:. High Commissioner
134:Spanish silver coins
1090:shaking hands with
937:
415:
414:Coin denominations
1288:New Zealand dollar
936:
905:Commemorative only
741:warrior holding a
629:George Kruger Gray
413:
331:Treaty of Waitangi
304:George Kruger Gray
261:
77:New Zealand dollar
29:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1135:Royal visit crown
925:
924:
921:
910:1935, 1949, 1953
250:British shillings
246:American quarters
237:New Zealand pound
200:Charles Wilkinson
45:Coinage Act, 1933
33:New Zealand pound
1773:
1766:Coins by country
1741:
1740:
1734:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1707:
1698:
1697:
1689:
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1682:
1670:
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1509:
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1468:
1456:
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1449:
1437:
1428:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1371:
1370:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1343:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1310:
1240:
1231:
1200:
1189:Robert M. Conly
1176:75% copper, 25%
1172:Coronation crown
1168:
1161:
1131:
1124:
1088:Tāmati Wāka Nene
1070:
1063:
1019:quaternary alloy
998:
991:
938:
915:
892:quaternary alloy
868:
861:
837:quaternary alloy
812:
805:
782:quaternary alloy
760:
753:
726:quaternary alloy
704:
697:
671:quaternary alloy
649:
642:
607:quaternary alloy
585:
578:
538:
531:
473:
466:
416:
403:Coronation crown
399:Great Depression
319:British dominion
285:Design conflicts
196:Great Depression
192:Australian pound
166:Coinage Act 1870
142:English Laws Act
104:
95:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1746:
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1744:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1709:
1708:
1701:
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1630:
1618:
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1610:
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1563:
1553:
1551:
1542:
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1506:
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1406:
1396:
1395:
1374:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1345:
1344:
1333:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1300:
1296:
1254:Otago Institute
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1221:
1215:
930:
894:
845:
784:
728:
673:
609:
411:
386:
353:. By 1936, the
327:
287:
229:
224:
210:approached the
126:
125:
124:
123:
107:
106:
105:
97:
96:
85:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1779:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1721:
1699:
1684:
1656:
1628:
1608:
1589:
1561:
1535:
1504:
1490:
1470:
1451:
1404:
1372:
1357:
1331:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1260:, each of ten
1245:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1214:
1213:Decimalisation
1211:
1208:
1207:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1180:
1174:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:Southern Cross
1137:
1132:
1125:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1092:William Hobson
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1074:Waitangi crown
1071:
1064:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1025:
1022:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
999:
992:
984:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
967:
966:
965:Date of issue
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
929:
926:
923:
922:
912:
911:
908:
901:
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885:
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876:
869:
862:
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853:
846:
844:
843:
832:
830:
827:
821:
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813:
806:
798:
797:
791:
778:
775:
769:
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761:
754:
746:
745:
735:
722:
719:
713:
710:
705:
698:
690:
689:
683:
680:
667:
664:
658:
655:
650:
643:
635:
634:
631:
626:
619:
616:
603:
600:
594:
591:
586:
579:
571:
570:
565:surrounded by
559:
556:
553:
547:
544:
539:
532:
524:
523:
520:
517:
508:
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440:Date of issue
438:
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432:
429:
426:
423:
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407:
395:Waitangi crown
385:
382:
363:Percy Metcalfe
326:
325:Copper coinage
323:
296:Percy Metcalfe
286:
283:
279:Waitangi crown
228:
225:
223:
220:
216:Robert Johnson
208:Thomas Wilford
132:in the 1840s,
120:Mount Taranaki
109:
108:
99:
98:
90:
89:
88:
87:
86:
84:
81:
62:Waitangi crown
41:pound sterling
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1778:
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1057:
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1038:
1034:
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1026:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
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985:
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975:
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968:
939:
934:
927:
919:
913:
909:
907:
906:
900:
899:
893:
889:
886:
884:
881:1.525 inches
880:
877:
875:
874:
870:
867:
860:
855:
851:
847:
842:
838:
834:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:1.272 inches
822:
819:
817:
814:
811:
804:
799:
796:
792:
790:
789:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:1.126 inches
770:
767:
765:
762:
759:
752:
747:
744:
740:
736:
734:
733:
727:
723:
720:
718:
715:0.931 inches
714:
711:
709:
706:
703:
696:
691:
688:
684:
679:
678:
672:
668:
665:
663:
660:0.765 inches
659:
656:
654:
651:
648:
641:
636:
630:
624:
620:
617:
615:
614:
608:
604:
601:
599:
596:0.642 inches
595:
592:
590:
587:
584:
577:
572:
568:
564:
560:
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554:
552:
548:
545:
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530:
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509:
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492:
489:
487:
483:
480:
478:
475:
472:
465:
460:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
443:
417:
409:Denominations
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
391:
390:proof coinage
384:Proof coinage
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
324:
322:
320:
316:
315:George Forbes
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
284:
282:
280:
274:
271:
265:
257:
253:
251:
247:
243:
238:
235:devalued the
234:
233:Gordon Coates
226:
221:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
147:
143:
139:
138:British pound
135:
131:
121:
117:
113:
103:
94:
82:
80:
78:
74:
70:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
42:
38:
34:
25:
21:
16:
1724:
1715:
1693:
1687:
1678:
1672:
1659:
1650:
1646:
1621:
1605:(70): 13–17.
1602:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1564:
1552:. Retrieved
1548:
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1517:
1507:
1493:
1484:Evening Post
1482:
1473:
1464:
1454:
1445:
1439:
1398:
1366:
1360:
1351:
1325:
1321:
1285:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1146:James Berry
1101:
1100:and wears a
1095:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1016:
982:Composition
956:Description
931:
903:
895:
882:
871:
824:
785:
772:
729:
716:
674:
661:
621:Two crossed
610:
597:
550:
549:1.25 inches
511:
485:
457:Composition
434:Description
387:
378:Elizabeth II
367:
328:
310:
308:
288:
275:
266:
262:
230:
189:
178:
151:
127:
116:New Plymouth
66:
30:
20:
15:
1554:28 December
1528:24 November
1328:(1): 40–49.
1015:50% silver
883:(38.74 mm)
825:(32.30 mm)
773:(28.60 mm)
737:A crouched
717:(23.65 mm)
662:(19.43 mm)
551:(31.75 mm)
370:cupronickel
351:halfpennies
270:Walter Nash
227:Legislation
185:Joseph Ward
174:World War I
69:cupronickel
1750:Categories
1681:: 176–188.
1586:: 203–222.
1448:: 142–160.
1294:References
1267:Labour MP
816:Half-crown
598:(16.3 mm)
589:Threepence
486:(25.5 mm)
212:Royal Mint
204:Wellington
181:Parliament
83:Background
1348:"Coinage"
1269:Rex Mason
1029:wharepuni
976:Diameter
959:Designer
712:1s (12d)
569:blossoms
477:Halfpenny
451:Diameter
437:Designer
374:George VI
335:halfpenny
170:the Crown
54:halfpenny
1522:Archived
1273:National
1192:257,000
1184:whakairo
1149:200,020
1084:28.28 g
1051:100,800
1012:14.14 g
973:Reverse
970:Obverse
962:Mintage
887:28.28 g
850:whakairo
829:14.14 g
777:11.31 g
708:Shilling
653:Sixpence
513:hei-tiki
448:Reverse
445:Obverse
311:de facto
292:George V
242:Canadian
1739:. 1964.
1262:tennies
1024:Milled
721:5.66 g
682:Milled
666:2.83 g
602:1.41 g
555:9.45 g
501:, 0.5%
497:, 2.5%
490:5.67 g
484:1 inch
347:pennies
1178:nickel
1112:1,128
1103:piupiu
1097:taiaha
1042:piupiu
1033:pūhara
947:Value
941:Image
898:nickel
841:nickel
788:nickel
764:Florin
743:taiaha
732:nickel
677:nickel
625:clubs
618:Plain
613:nickel
567:kōwhai
507:Plain
495:copper
425:Value
419:Image
164:. The
1733:(PDF)
1669:(PDF)
1643:(PDF)
1574:(PDF)
1436:(PDF)
1318:(PDF)
1258:brons
1195:1953
1152:1949
1115:1935
1054:1940
1006:2.5s
979:Mass
953:Edge
944:Name
873:Crown
820:2.5s
739:Māori
633:1933
542:Penny
522:1940
481:1/2d
454:Mass
431:Edge
422:Name
339:penny
112:token
58:crown
50:penny
1556:2023
1530:2023
1017:50%
795:kiwi
687:huia
623:patu
499:zinc
493:97%
349:and
244:and
52:and
1283:.
1078:5s
878:5s
768:2s
657:6d
593:3d
563:tūī
546:1d
503:tin
294:by
1752::
1735:.
1714:.
1702:^
1679:80
1677:.
1671:.
1651:10
1649:.
1645:.
1631:^
1611:^
1601:.
1584:81
1582:.
1576:.
1547:.
1520:.
1516:.
1481:.
1463:.
1446:75
1444:.
1438:.
1407:^
1375:^
1350:.
1334:^
1326:66
1324:.
1320:.
1301:^
1143:.
1106:.
1037:pa
793:A
685:A
561:A
510:A
380:.
337:,
252:.
79:.
1718:.
1558:.
1532:.
1467:.
1354:.
1205:.
920:.
122:.
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