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party, which generally requires 30% support from delegates to the relevant nominating body of the political party. It is also possible for individuals who have been registered to vote and affiliated with the political party in question for at least a year to gain access to a partisan primary ballot by petition. Minor party candidates can gain access to the general election ballot through a minor party caucus process. Unaffiliated candidates can gain access to the general election ballot by petition.
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many appropriations. The House and the Senate alternate the job of introducing the long bill and making a first committee review of it. Colorado's state legislature is required to obtain voter approval in order to incur significant debt, to raise taxes, or to increase state constitutional spending limitations. It is also required to comply with a state constitutional spending mandate for K-12 education. The
Governor has line item veto power over appropriations.
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51:
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year, subject to certain exceptions for non-binding resolutions, uniform acts, interim committee bills and appropriations bills. Most members of the
General Assembly decide which bills they will introduce during the legislative session (or most of them) prior to its commencement, limiting the ability of members to introduce new bills at constituent request once the legislative session has begun.
668:
Most bills adopted by the
General Assembly include a "safety clause" (i.e. a legislative declaration that the bill concerns an urgent matter) and take effect on July 1 following the legislative session unless otherwise provided. Some bills are enacted without a "safety clause" which makes it possible
705:
A state budget, called the "Long Bill" is prepared each year by the Joint Budget
Committee of the General Assembly. Unlike many legislative initiatives, the Long Bill is neither an acronym nor named after an individual with significant influence. The Long Bill is simply a lengthy bill that contains
680:
requiring a supermajority for approval of any matter. The lieutenant governor does not have the power to preside or break tie votes in either house of the
General Assembly. All new executive branch rules are reviewed annually by the legislature and the legislature routinely invalidates some of them
656:
Joint procedural rules of the two chambers require most legislation to be introduced very early in the legislative session each year, and to meet strict deadlines for completion of each step of the legislative process. Joint procedural rules also limit each legislator to introducing five bills per
607:
Vacancies in legislative offices are generally filled by political party vacancy committees, rather than special elections. Vacancy appointees who fill the first half of a state senators term must stand for election at the next even year
November election for the remainder of the state senate term
603:
The vast majority of members of the
General Assembly who are ultimately elected (in excess of 90% of members ultimately elected in all recent sessions) are nominated through a major political party caucus process that places candidates on a primary ballot for the position sought in their political
584:
are held on the first
Tuesday after the first Monday in November in each even-numbered year. The entire House is elected in each general election. Senators are elected in two classes such that, as nearly as possible, one-half of the senators are elected in each general election.
652:
or upon written request of two-thirds of the members of each house, but are infrequent. Some committees of the
General Assembly work between sessions and have limited power to take action without General Assembly approval between legislative sessions.
955:
896:
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branches of government. Article V vests the legislative power of the state in the
General Assembly, while reserving to the people the power to propose, approve, and reject both laws and amendments to the state Constitution by
701:
All bills introduced in the General Assembly are evaluated by the non-partisan state legislative services body for their fiscal impact and must be provided for in appropriations legislation if there is a fiscal impact.
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893:
517:
The first meeting of the Colorado General Assembly took place from November 1, 1876, through March 20, 1877. Succeeding sessions met every two years until 1950, when it began to meet annually.
503:
Colorado's legislature is similar to those of other states, except that, unlike many states, Colorado does not give its lieutenant governor any legislative authority (e.g. tie-breaking vote).
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648:
Regular sessions are held annually and begin no later than the second Wednesday in January. Regular sessions last no more than 120 days. Special sessions may be called at any time by the
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to four consecutive terms in office, and state senators are limited to two consecutive terms. However, term-limited former members of both houses can run again after a four-year break.
720:
The Colorado General Assembly is staffed by approximately 230-year-round staff and 115 session-only staff. Staffing levels and expenditures have decreased since 2003. Similarly to
1025:
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The governor submits a proposed budget to the Joint Budget Committee each year in advance of the year's legislative session. Colorado's fiscal year is from July 1 to June 30.
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to petition to subject those bills to a referendum before they take effect, and have an effective date in August following the legislative session unless otherwise provided.
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There are 65 House Members and 35 Senate Members making up the 100 seats in Colorado General Assembly. Based on the 2010 census, each House member represents about 77,372
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766:. Also, the Democrats kept their majority in the 2022 elections for the Colorado State Senate. The current Senate makeup is 23 Democrats and 12 Republicans.
577:. The House has 65 members and the Senate 35. Members of the House are elected to two-year terms, and members of the Senate are elected to four-year terms.
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The 2018 Colorado elections resulted in Democrats extending their control in the House (41 Democrats; 24 Republicans) and capturing the Senate majority.
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The General Assembly does not have a role in the appointment or retention of state judges, although it must authorize the creation of each judgeship.
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Many state agencies and programs are subject to "sunset review" and are automatically abolished if the General Assembly does not reauthorize them.
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The lieutenant governor served as Senate President until 1974 when Article V, Section 10 of the state constitution was amended, granting the
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744:. With the exception of those working in communications and leadership, employees of the General Assembly are non-partisan staffers.
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The 74th session will mark the first time in state history that women will hold the majority of seats in the General Assembly.
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Currently, the Colorado General Assembly is controlled by the Democratic Party. Democrats also hold the governor's office.
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All 65 Colorado House seats were up for election in 2022. The chamber's Democratic majority increased to 46-19, keeping a
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being elected to the State Senate in 1912 (the second state upper house in the country to welcome women as members).
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The state auditor is appointed by the General Assembly, as are many members of independent boards and commissions.
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With the notable exceptions listed below, the Colorado General Assembly operates in a manner quite similar to the
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1008:"Two Colorado lawmakers want to simplify the legislature's ability to wield its rarely used subpoena power"
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2007:
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1092:"For the first time in state history, women will hold the majority of seats in the Colorado legislature"
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https://www2.leg.state.co.us/CLICS/cslFrontPages.nsf/FileAttachVw/2022Rules/$ File/2022CombinedRules.pdf
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The Colorado General Assembly was the first state legislature to welcome women as elected members, with
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Presidents and Speakers of the Colorado General Assembly: A Biographical Portrait from 1876
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119:
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The General Assembly does have subpoena power, However this power is rarely used.
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50:
2307:
962:, Office of Legislative Legal Services, October 2001 (accessed April 29, 2013)
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1078:"Democrats recapture Colorado Senate, now hold complete power at Capital"
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all being elected to the State House of Representatives in 1894 and
659:
594:
724:, legislative staff in Colorado fall into five broad categories:
2280:
1117:
903:, Colorado.gov, 2013 Revised Edition. (accessed April 29, 2013)
524:
Senate the right to elect one of its own members as President.
972:
Colorado Legislative Rules : Research Publication No. 774
1107:
397:
608:
for the seat to which the state senator was appointed.
672:
Colorado's legislature does not have an analog to the
27:
Legislative branch of the state government of Colorado
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843:
829:
United States congressional delegations from Colorado
476:
that was created by the 1876 state constitution. Its
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1982:
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403:
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226:
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133:
110:
105:
95:
90:
76:
62:
57:
34:
1110:Includes links to state Constitution and statutes.
852:"Conducting Colorado Legislative History Research"
913:Article V, Section 1 of the Colorado Constitution
536:establishes a system of government based on the
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1129:
948:
946:
8:
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1136:
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1114:
1108:Official Colorado General Assembly Website
372:
49:
31:
272:House of Representatives political groups
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
839:
1162:United States House of Representatives
1052:"NCSL Legislative Staff Type Database"
1026:"NCSL Size of State Legislative Staff"
540:doctrine with power divided among the
354:Next House of Representatives election
326:Last House of Representatives election
2265:Lists of past U.S. state legislatures
7:
974:, 2022, pp. 117–117. Retrieved from
1006:Wenzler, Elliott (March 17, 2023).
850:Hamilton, Andrea L. (August 2008).
809:List of Colorado state legislatures
738:communications and leadership staff
513:List of Colorado state legislatures
25:
3400:South Central Colorado Urban Area
3380:North Central Colorado Urban Area
1145:Legislatures of the United States
824:Colorado House of Representatives
571:Colorado House of Representatives
3422:
793:
779:
262:
218:
3454:1876 establishments in Colorado
953:How a Bill Becomes Colorado Law
2258:List of U.S. state legislators
43:74th Colorado General Assembly
1:
989:"Joint Rules | 33. Subpoenas"
716:Legislative staff in Colorado
867:(8): 113–115. Archived from
926:"Colorado General Assembly"
3480:
3370:Front Range Urban Corridor
756:and each Senator 143,691.
713:
555:initiatives or referendums
510:
18:Colorado state legislature
3449:Colorado General Assembly
3418:
2318:
2252:
958:October 10, 2015, at the
915:(accessed April 29, 2013)
899:January 15, 2015, at the
528:Constitutional definition
487:Colorado Revised Statutes
451:Colorado General Assembly
408:
398:Colorado General Assembly
396:
380:
371:
261:
217:
48:
41:
36:Colorado General Assembly
3405:Southern Rocky Mountains
3360:Denver Metropolitan Area
2023:Northern Mariana Islands
694:The state budget process
599:House of Representatives
565:The General Assembly is
497:Session Laws of Colorado
474:House of Representatives
410:Constitution of Colorado
149:since September 8, 2023
128:since February 23, 2022
85:House of Representatives
228:Senate political groups
113:President of the Senate
3464:Bicameral legislatures
3459:Government of Colorado
3395:South-Central Colorado
3355:Colorado Western Slope
1153:United States Congress
814:Government of Colorado
722:Congressional staffers
665:
643:United States Congress
600:
382:Colorado State Capitol
193:since January 9, 2023
172:since January 9, 2023
135:Senate Majority Leader
3385:Northwestern Colorado
3340:Colorado Mineral Belt
2066:Legislative elections
663:
598:
534:Colorado Constitution
494:are published in the
179:House Majority Leader
2679:Cherry Hills Village
1993:District of Columbia
1169:United States Senate
1094:. November 19, 2022.
787:United States portal
730:administrative staff
678:United States Senate
637:Procedure and powers
580:General legislative
538:separation of powers
435:39.7392°N 104.9848°W
340:Next Senate election
312:Last Senate election
157:Speaker of the House
3429:Colorado portal
3365:Four Corners Region
2500:Tourist attractions
2405:Indian reservations
2055:U.S. Virgin Islands
874:on October 4, 2013.
860:The Colorado Lawyer
742:legal service staff
431: /
97:New session started
3410:Southwest Colorado
1984:Other legislatures
1180:State legislatures
666:
601:
588:House members are
569:, composed of the
468:consisting of the
440:39.7392; -104.9848
213:65 Representatives
3436:
3435:
3345:Colorado Piedmont
2929:Steamboat Springs
2804:Greenwood Village
2485:Statistical areas
2455:Prehistoric sites
2274:
2273:
710:Legislative staff
619:Clara Cressingham
459:State of Colorado
455:state legislature
415:
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16:(Redirected from
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3350:Colorado Plateau
3330:Central Colorado
2784:Glenwood Springs
2684:Colorado Springs
2440:National Forests
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1054:. Archived from
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1028:. Archived from
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1012:The Colorado Sun
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627:Frances S. Klock
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359:November 5, 2024
345:November 5, 2024
331:November 8, 2022
317:November 8, 2022
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141:Robert Rodriguez
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2744:Federal Heights
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2390:Historic places
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1058:on June 8, 2013
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1032:on June 8, 2012
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819:Colorado Senate
801:Colorado portal
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734:committee staff
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623:Carrie C. Holly
575:Colorado Senate
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2571:Homelessness
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2450:Paleontology
2340:Bibliography
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1820:South Dakota
1788:Rhode Island
1772:Pennsylvania
1708:North Dakota
1268:
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1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:the original
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933:. Retrieved
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2964:Wheat Ridge
2959:Westminster
2884:Monte Vista
2764:Fort Morgan
2759:Fort Lupton
2576:LGBT rights
2039:Puerto Rico
1557:Mississippi
1285:Connecticut
1062:November 8,
1036:November 8,
930:Ballotpedia
681:each year.
561:Composition
546:legislative
466:legislature
438: /
426:104°59′05″W
211:35 Senators
3443:Categories
3302:Washington
3282:San Miguel
3262:Rio Grande
3257:Rio Blanco
3177:Las Animas
3157:Kit Carson
3032:Broomfield
2954:Walsenburg
2914:Rocky Ford
2894:Northglenn
2869:Louisville
2844:Las Animas
2669:Centennial
2659:Cañon City
2654:Burlington
2644:Broomfield
2629:Black Hawk
2460:Prehistory
2385:Government
2365:Coloradans
1916:Washington
1660:New Mexico
1644:New Jersey
1253:California
835:References
674:filibuster
511:See also:
461:. It is a
423:39°44′21″N
362:(65 seats)
348:(17 seats)
334:(65 seats)
320:(18 seats)
296:Republican
284:Democratic
252:Republican
240:Democratic
106:Leadership
3207:Montezuma
3147:Jefferson
3012:Archuleta
2859:Lone Tree
2854:Littleton
2849:Leadville
2829:Lafayette
2734:Englewood
2729:Edgewater
2561:Education
2470:Railroads
2425:Mountains
2380:Geography
2370:Elections
2325:(capital)
1948:Wisconsin
1836:Tennessee
1541:Minnesota
1461:Louisiana
582:elections
567:bicameral
542:executive
463:bicameral
306:Elections
199:Structure
69:Bicameral
3287:Sedgwick
3277:San Juan
3272:Saguache
3237:Phillips
3212:Montrose
3162:La Plata
3137:Huerfano
3132:Hinsdale
3127:Gunnison
3112:Garfield
3057:Costilla
3042:Cheyenne
3007:Arapahoe
2989:Counties
2944:Trinidad
2939:Thornton
2934:Sterling
2924:Sheridan
2889:Montrose
2874:Loveland
2864:Longmont
2834:Lakewood
2824:La Junta
2809:Gunnison
2779:Glendale
2769:Fountain
2749:Florence
2639:Brighton
2586:Religion
2581:Politics
2566:Gun laws
2536:Abortion
2495:Timeline
2420:Military
2360:Colleges
2312:Colorado
1900:Virginia
1740:Oklahoma
1676:New York
1605:Nebraska
1573:Missouri
1525:Michigan
1493:Maryland
1445:Kentucky
1381:Illinois
1301:Delaware
1269:Colorado
1237:Arkansas
956:Archived
897:Archived
773:See also
650:governor
573:and the
550:judicial
522:Colorado
482:codified
478:statutes
3322:Regions
3247:Prowers
3197:Mineral
3182:Lincoln
3172:Larimer
3142:Jackson
3107:Fremont
3097:El Paso
3087:Douglas
3082:Dolores
3062:Crowley
3052:Conejos
3037:Chaffee
3027:Boulder
3002:Alamosa
2814:Holyoke
2799:Greeley
2724:Durango
2634:Boulder
2609:Alamosa
2556:Economy
2546:Culture
2529:Society
2490:Symbols
2480:Slavery
2435:Museums
2395:History
2350:Outline
1964:Wyoming
1884:Vermont
1589:Montana
1397:Indiana
1333:Georgia
1317:Florida
1221:Arizona
1189:Alabama
676:in the
590:limited
507:History
484:in the
457:of the
453:is the
392:Website
91:History
3297:Teller
3292:Summit
3252:Pueblo
3242:Pitkin
3217:Morgan
3202:Moffat
3117:Gilpin
3102:Elbert
3077:Denver
3067:Custer
2949:Victor
2919:Salida
2904:Pueblo
2789:Golden
2774:Fruita
2719:Denver
2709:Dacono
2694:Cortez
2624:Aurora
2614:Arvada
2601:Cities
2591:Sports
2510:Trails
2475:Rivers
2400:Images
2332:Topics
2322:Denver
1756:Oregon
1612:Nevada
1429:Kansas
1349:Hawaii
1205:Alaska
740:, and
470:Senate
386:Denver
294:
292:
282:
280:
250:
248:
238:
236:
187: (
166: (
143: (
122: (
81:Senate
77:Houses
3267:Routt
3227:Ouray
3222:Otero
3187:Logan
3152:Kiowa
3122:Grand
3092:Eagle
3072:Delta
2997:Adams
2909:Rifle
2899:Ouray
2839:Lamar
2739:Evans
2714:Delta
2699:Craig
2649:Brush
2619:Aspen
2541:Crime
2505:Towns
2415:Lists
2345:Index
2308:State
1852:Texas
1477:Maine
1365:Idaho
872:(PDF)
855:(PDF)
204:Seats
3312:Yuma
3307:Weld
3232:Park
3192:Mesa
3167:Lake
3022:Bent
3017:Baca
2979:Yuma
2974:Wray
2243:2024
2236:2023
2229:2022
2222:2021
2215:2020
2208:2019
2201:2018
2194:2017
2187:2016
2180:2015
2173:2014
2166:2013
2159:2012
2152:2011
2145:2010
2138:2009
2131:2008
2124:2007
2117:2006
2110:2005
2103:2004
2096:2003
2089:2002
2082:2001
2075:2000
2016:Guam
1868:Utah
1724:Ohio
1413:Iowa
1064:2012
1038:2012
937:2023
625:and
548:and
532:The
480:are
472:and
449:The
298:(19)
286:(46)
254:(12)
242:(23)
63:Type
58:Type
2410:Law
2310:of
208:100
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2045:,
2029:,
2006:,
1970:,
1954:,
1938:,
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1010:.
991:.
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732:,
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645:.
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2008:S
2004:H
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1972:S
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1966:(
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1956:S
1952:A
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1940:S
1936:H
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