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allowed even more variations. The dominant programs in use during that time were Color Prep and Tint Prep, both originally implemented by
Olyoptics. This software was invented and written by "Pixel Craft", the first company to create software that used a personal computer that could output files for
72:
is responsible for adding color to black-and-white line art. For most of the 20th century this was done using brushes and dyes which were then used as guides to produce the printing plates. Since the late 20th century it is most often done using digital media, with printing separations produced
174:
a digital image setter to make negatives for color printing. Pixel craft was a small company in Long Island, New York, created by
Kenneth Giordano and Khouri Giordano. The father and son team went on to accomplish many first in the computerization of color print. In 1993,
143:
were one of the first to use computers to do color separations. Although other companies at the time were experimenting with computers, Oliff and his crew were the first to blend the color guide artist with the separator. In 1987, the
Japanese
168:
By the early 1990s, even though the larger comics publishers were using computers, there were variations within the field. DC Comics allowed only a 64-color palette, while Marvel had expanded it to 125 colors.
178:' use of computer color and more advanced color separation technology propelled DC and Marvel to further upgrade their coloring techniques. Finally, in the mid-1990s, Digital Chameleon's facility with
185:
The improvements in the technology used for coloring have had a great impact on the way comics are drawn. Before the use of computers, artists would often use the pen or brush to put in detailed
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effects; now the artist is more likely to leave the drawing open and leave it to the colorist to insert shading through variation in color tones or through adding a layer of
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More recently, colorists have worked in transparent media such as watercolors or airbrush, which is then photographed, allowing more subtle and painterly effects.
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codes were written on the page to indicate the final printed colors, and these hand-colored pages were used as guides by the engraver.
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line. Oliff was chosen as the colorist, and he convinced Marvel that it was time to try computer color. After the publication of
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Originally, comics were colored by cutting out films of various densities in the appropriate shapes to be used in producing
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printing plates. The typical colorist worked from photocopies of the inked pages, which they colored with special dyes.
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Virtually all DC covers from 1973 through the end of the Bronze Age were colored by
Tatjana Wood.
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in 1988, computer coloring became increasingly prevalent in the comics industry.
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Although most
American colorists work directly for comics publishers (either as
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was a brand notable in this field within the comic strip industry.
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513:"Digital Chameleon Colors The Vertigo Universe - Part Two,"
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Responsible for adding color to black-and-white line art
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was in preparation to be translated and published by
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75 Years of DC Comics: The Art of Modern
Mythmaking
1184:Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate
182:helped make that program the industry standard.
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193:black. Most contemporary colorists work in
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124:' covers from 1973 through the mid-1980s.
96:were the companies notable in this field.
1335:International Commission on Illumination
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1325:Color Association of the United States
475:Image Comics: The Road to Independence
402:"Color Guides," MattHollingsworth.net.
7:
525:(July 1994). Accessed Apr. 6, 2009.
1189:Blue–green distinction in language
502:(Laurence King Publishing, 2004).
25:
48:Page from Unknown World #1 (1952)
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1346:International Colour Association
929:
53:
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424:#52 (Marvel Comics, June 1979).
1341:International Color Consortium
1330:International Colour Authority
500:Sixty Years of Japanese Comics
1:
1406:List of Crayola crayon colors
1209:Traditional colors of Japan
986:Achromatic colors (Neutral)
869:Multi-primary color display
643:Spectral power distribution
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120:was the main colorist for
29:
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1069:Color realism (art style)
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727:Evolution of color vision
478:. TwoMorrows Publishing.
32:Colorist (disambiguation)
1386:List of colors (compact)
1204:Color in Chinese culture
854:Digital image processing
587:Electromagnetic spectrum
1607:Visual arts occupations
1391:List of colors by shade
472:Khoury, George (2007).
1396:List of color palettes
498:Gravett, Paul. Manga:
411:Accessed Apr. 6, 2009.
1320:Color Marketing Group
1075:On Vision and Colours
1008:Tinctures in heraldry
619:Structural coloration
420:"Bullpen Bulletins",
400:Hollingsworth, Matt.
1602:Film post-production
1401:List of color spaces
1293:Tint, shade and tone
1176:Cultural differences
991:Polychromatic colors
976:Complementary colors
964:Monochromatic colors
30:For other uses, see
1381:List of colors: N–Z
1376:List of colors: G–M
1371:List of colors: A–F
1597:Comics terminology
1428:List of web colors
1423:List of RAL colors
829:Color reproduction
794:Lüscher color test
631:Color of chemicals
518:2008-11-14 at the
407:2008-10-08 at the
252:Matt Hollingsworth
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1083:Theory of Colours
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837:Color photography
789:Color preferences
732:Impossible colors
722:Color vision test
717:Color temperature
695:Color calibration
624:Animal coloration
511:Sierra, Jerry A.
485:978-1-893905-71-9
452:978-3-8365-1981-6
422:Marvel Two-in-One
262:Vittorio Leonardo
242:Digital Chameleon
201:Notable colorists
171:Dark Horse Comics
110:Dr. Martin's Dyes
94:Digital Chameleon
16:(Redirected from
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1225:Color dimensions
1214:Human skin color
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658:Color perception
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322:Christina Strain
240:, formerly with
139:and his company
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443:Taschen America
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223:Jordie Bellaire
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1281:Fluorescence
1244:Colorfulness
1237:Dichromatism
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1043:Chromaticity
1026:Color mixing
1018:Color theory
951:Color scheme
814:Chromophobia
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435:Levitz, Paul
429:
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342:Tatjana Wood
317:Dave Stewart
275:Laura Martin
247:John Higgins
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176:Image Comics
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118:Tatjana Wood
103:
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63:
1418:Color chart
1276:Iridescence
1108:Basic terms
1099:Color terms
1053:Color wheel
1048:Color solid
912:Color space
898:subtractive
881:Color model
752:Unique hues
648:Colorimetry
614:Chromophore
337:Glynis Wein
327:Lynn Varley
290:Steve Oliff
285:Paul Mounts
280:Dave McCaig
213:David Baron
191:translucent
159:Epic Comics
137:Steve Oliff
82:freelancers
1586:Categories
1438:Shades of:
1271:Brightness
1003:Web colors
959:Color tool
942:philosophy
847:Color cast
747:Afterimage
737:Metamerism
710:Color code
705:Color task
688:Dichromacy
381:References
303:Joe Rivera
299:Cris Peter
228:Jeromy Cox
208:Jack Adler
1288:Grayscale
1261:Lightness
1256:Luminance
1065:(fashion)
765:The dress
375:Penciller
294:Olyoptics
141:Olyoptics
135:Colorist
122:DC Comics
90:Olyoptics
78:employees
18:Colorists
1561:Category
1543:Lighting
1266:Darkness
1086:(Goethe)
886:additive
874:Quattron
516:Archived
437:(2010).
405:Archived
370:Letterer
349:See also
70:colorist
1525:Related
1486:Magenta
1411:history
1315:Pantone
602:Visible
597:Rainbow
523:Publish
360:Flatter
271:WadeeKT
187:shading
100:History
1538:Qualia
1533:Vision
1481:Purple
1476:Violet
1456:Yellow
1451:Orange
1146:Orange
1141:Purple
1131:Yellow
565:topics
482:
449:
66:comics
1571:Index
1511:Black
1501:White
1496:Brown
1461:Green
1363:Lists
1355:Names
1337:(CIE)
1306:Color
1166:Brown
1161:White
1151:Black
1121:Green
940:Color
636:Water
592:Light
563:Color
365:Inker
163:Akira
150:Akira
146:manga
1506:Gray
1491:Pink
1471:Blue
1466:Cyan
1156:Gray
1136:Pink
1116:Blue
903:CMYK
480:ISBN
447:ISBN
114:CMYK
68:, a
1446:Red
1232:Hue
1126:Red
891:RGB
157:'s
80:or
64:In
1588::
464:^
455:.
441:.
389:^
92:,
88:,
555:e
548:t
541:v
488:.
34:.
20:)
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