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723:. For ground effect of that era to function most efficiently, the aerodynamic surfaces needed to be precisely located and this led to the chassis being very stiffly sprung. However, this was very punishing to the driver, resulting in driver fatigue. To get around this, Chapman introduced a car with two chassis. One chassis (where the driver would sit) was softly sprung. The other chassis (where the skirts and such were located) was stiffly sprung. Although the car passed scrutineering at a couple of races, other teams protested, and it was never allowed to race. The car was never developed further.
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company run by a DeLorean distributor, despite
Chapman's previous protestations that neither he nor the company had been paid via Panama. Chapman died before the full deceit unravelled, but, at the subsequent trial of Lotus Group accountant Fred Bushell, who had funnelled £5 million to himself in the
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to require the wing mounting hardware to be attached directly to the sprung chassis. Chapman also originated the movement of radiators away from the front of the car to the sides, to decrease frontal area (lowering aerodynamic drag) and centralising weight distribution. These concepts remain features
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monocoque
Indianapolis car using a 4.2-litre aluminium V-8 Ford passenger car engine. Ford accepted the proposal. The Lotus 29 debuted at Indianapolis in 1963, with Jim Clark finishing second. This design concept fairly quickly replaced what had been for many decades the standard design formula in
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championship. However, skirts were eventually banned because they were susceptible to damage, for example from driving over a kerb, whereafter downforce would be lost and the car could then become unstable. The FIA made moves to eliminate ground effect in
Formula One by raising the minimum ride
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Formula One car. The technique resulted in a body that was both lighter and stronger, and also provided better driver protection in the event of a crash. Although a previously little-used concept in the world of motorsport, the first vehicle to feature such a chassis was the road-going 1922
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in the United States, between 1962 and 1978 under his direction. The production side of Lotus Cars has built tens of thousands of relatively affordable, cutting edge sports cars. Lotus is one of but a handful of
English performance car builders still in business after the
656:. Early versions, in 1968 and 1969, were mounted 3 feet (0.91 m) or so above the car, to operate in 'clean air' (air that would not otherwise be disturbed by the passage of the car). The underdesigned wings and struts failed regularly, however, compelling the
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to victory at the "Brickyard". Clark and
Chapman became particularly close and Clark's death in 1968 devastated Chapman, who publicly stated that he had lost his best friend. Among a number of automotive figures who have been Lotus employees over the years were
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In the 1950s, Chapman progressed through the motor racing formulae, designing and building a series of racing cars, sometimes to the point of maintaining limited production as they were so successful and highly sought after, until he arrived in
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fraud, the trial judge opined that, had
Chapman himself been in the dock, he would have received a sentence "of at least 10 years". The car's engineering concept was later sold by the UK Government appointed administrators to
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high technology enterprise. He was among the first entrants in
Formula One to turn their cars into rolling billboards for non-automotive products, initially with the cigarette brands Gold Leaf and, most famously,
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Chapman next planned a car that generated all of its downforce through ground effect, eliminating the need for wings and the resulting drag that reduces a car's speed. The culmination of his efforts, the
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techniques would prove vital towards achieving the major automotive technical advances for which he is remembered. Chapman's design philosophy focused on cars with light weight and fine
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subsequently collapsed, during which administrators discovered that £10,000,000 of
British taxpayers' money (approximately equivalent to £36 million in 2023) had gone missing.
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Lotus Group's 1981 accounts were overdue before
Chapman's death, but, when released after his death, disclosed that Lotus had been paid for engineering work by DeLorean via a
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events. He named the car "Lotus"; he never confirmed the reason, but one of several theories is that it was after his then-girlfriend (later wife) Hazel, whom he nicknamed "
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620:(who had previously worked for Chapman) and built by American hot-rodder Mickey Thompson. Following the race, Chapman prepared a proposal to Ford Motor Company for an
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in 1948, being offered a permanent commission but turning this down in favour of a swift return to civilian life. After a couple of false starts
Chapman joined the
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and learning to fly. He left UCL without a degree in 1948, resitting his final Mathematics paper in 1949 and obtaining his degree a year late.
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220:(19 May 1928 – 16 December 1982) was an English design engineer, inventor, and builder in the automotive industry, and founder of the
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Chapman founded Lotus in 1952 and initially ran Lotus in his spare time, assisted by a group of enthusiasts. His knowledge of the latest
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into Formula One car design. Lotus used the concept of positive aerodynamic downforce, through the addition of wings, at a
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into auto racing; beginning the process which transformed Formula One from a pastime of rich gentlemen to a multi-million
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814:. The liquidators also recovered around £20 million from Swiss bank accounts controlled by Chapman and John DeLorean.
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rights and design complications led to the rear-engine mount design. This project would eventually evolve into the
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who worked at Lotus as a mechanic as a means of earning drives. In 1966, it was Chapman who persuaded the
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Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman was born on 19 May 1928, and brought up at 44 Beech Drive, on the border of
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The night before he died, Chapman watched a performance by his long-time friend and Lotus customer
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Many of Chapman's ideas can still be seen in Formula One and other top-level motor sport, such as
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1192:"Jim Clark and Colin Chapman Had a Language All Their Own: Together, they changed racing forever"
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racing-cars, the tube-frame chassis. Although the material has changed from sheet aluminium to
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Chapman, working with Tony Rudd and Peter Wright, pioneered the first Formula One use of "
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agents agreeing to bankroll a 100 kilograms (220 lb) cocaine smuggling operation.
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Chapman was married to Hazel Chapman (1927–2021). He had two daughters and one son.
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One of his last major technical innovations was a dual-chassis Formula One car, the
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appeared as though they could win whenever they pleased. With Clark driving the
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From 1978 until his death, Chapman was involved with the American tycoon
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meant their competing cars often beat the all-conquering front engined
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construction within automobile racing, with the revolutionary 1962
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of these cars. Over 100 were sold through 1956. It was with the
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On 19 October 1982, John DeLorean was charged with trafficking
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company, using his civil engineering skills to attempt to sell
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Indianapolis 500 Mile Race USAC Yearbook 1962. Floyd Clymer
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to sponsor Cosworth's development of what would become the
601:, making it also one of the first production cars made of
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device. Struts used in the rear of a vehicle are known as
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were the first to use them in a Formula One race at the
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Chapman suffered a fatal heart attack in 1982, aged 54.
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of virtually all high performance racing cars today.
597:. The modified monocoque body of the car was made of
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still manufacture a version of that car today – the
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2012:
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612:first saw the Lotus 25 at the Dutch Grand Prix at
431:. Besides his engineering work, he also piloted a
577:Chapman's next major innovation was popularising
528:, into the 21st century. He pioneered the use of
4161:International Motorsports Hall of Fame inductees
1407:"Co-founder of Lotus Hazel Chapman dies aged 94"
384:in 1957 that things really took off, and indeed
1303:"Dark clouds taint Lotus founder Colin Chapman"
865:Complete Formula One World Championship results
636:, Chapman was among those who helped introduce
336:as a viable structural material for buildings.
544:that were invented ten years earlier in 1949.
4176:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
2784:
1602:
1582:The Colin Chapman Museum and Education Centre
778:by the US Government, following a videotaped
435:F1-car in 1956 but crashed into his teammate
8:
4156:British founders of automobile manufacturers
1033:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
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837:, which eventually made its début with the
19:For other persons named Colin Chapman, see
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1466:(Supplement). 30 December 1969. p. 8.
1434:The Guinness Complete Grand Prix Who's Who
483:. It was Clark, driving a Lotus 38 at the
360:". With the prize money, he developed the
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27:
1502:(Patrick Stephens, Wellingborough, 1986)
1074:(Patrick Stephens, Wellingborough, 1986)
786:, in which he was recorded by undercover
2809:
1577:Picture of Colin Chapman, Long Beach F-1
1028:'Young Businessman of the Year' in 1970.
875:
352:, which he entered privately into local
289:N2. His father ran The Railway Hotel on
3876:Opel Lotus Omega/Vauxhall Lotus Carlton
1565:Colin Chapman biography by Dennis David
1063:
759:sports car to be built in a factory in
726:Chapman, whose father was a successful
399:Chapman at the wheel of one of his own
4111:20th-century Royal Air Force personnel
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1044:International Motorsports Hall of Fame
418:on left holding notes. Chief Mechanic
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403:sports cars, during practice for the
7:
4186:World Sportscar Championship drivers
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704:and requiring flat bottom cars from
4211:20th-century British businesspeople
4091:Alumni of University College London
1545:Colin Chapman: Inside the Innovator
1500:Colin Chapman: The Man and His Cars
1481:Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
1145:"Hornsey: Birthplace Of Lotus Cars"
1072:Colin Chapman: The Man and His Cars
1051:Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
1015:He was awarded "Mike's Mug" by the
16:English design engineer (1928–1982)
487:in 1965, who drove the first-ever
14:
1530:(Breedon Books Publishing, 2003)
1190:McAleer, Brendan (4 March 2016).
1173:(Breedon Books Publishing, 2003)
1118:Martin Williamson (28 May 2010).
608:When American Formula One driver
319:University of London Air Squadron
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1274:"Colin Chapman - Wayward Genius"
451:, he revolutionised the premier
1514:Colin Chapman Lotus Engineering
849:on the same day at his home in
471:at the wheel of his race cars,
4116:Military personnel from Surrey
344:In 1948, Chapman designed the
21:Colin Chapman (disambiguation)
1:
3886:Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220
1352:"De Lorean aide Bushell dies"
1093:"2010 Lotus Evora test drive"
853:, and died at the age of 54.
810:, who used it to develop the
679:Chapman and his lead driver,
644:race in early 1968, although
481:F1 World Championship in 1963
414:. Lotus Development Director
4196:British motorsport designers
4151:British automobile designers
1528:Colin Chapman Wayward Genius
1171:Colin Chapman Wayward Genius
299:Stationers' Company's School
4181:British automotive pioneers
4146:24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
4136:Formula One team principals
4126:Vanwall Formula One drivers
4121:English Formula One drivers
1385:"Colin Chapman (1928–1982)"
1095:. About.com. Archived from
845:. Chapman suffered a fatal
479:, Team Lotus won its first
324:Chapman briefly joined the
213:Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman
4227:
4201:IndyCar Series team owners
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1547:(Haynes Publishing, 2010)
1516:(Osprey Publishing, 1993)
1149:Hornsey Historical Society
1120:"Lotus breaks its F1 duck"
1070:Gérard ('Jabby') Crombac,
998:
755:, in his development of a
467:. Eventually, with driver
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4206:Automotive businesspeople
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1436:. Guinness. p. 410.
315:University College London
239:instead of bulking up on
206:
100:World Championship career
92:
42:
1496:Gérard ('Jabby') Crombac
1039:for services to Exports.
929:Vandervell Products Ltd.
700:height of the cars from
439:during practice for the
422:on right leaning on car.
233:aeronautical engineering
4131:Formula One team owners
3901:Lotus-Radford Type 62-2
3871:Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1
1570:10 October 2012 at the
1387:. Unique Cars and Parts
1333:Lawrence, Mike (2002).
1260:magazine September 1962
1049:He was inducted in the
1042:He was inducted in the
654:1968 Belgian Grand Prix
405:1956 British Grand Prix
297:. Chapman attended the
295:Hornsey Railway Station
4106:Royal Air Force airmen
687:
574:
559:
520:Innovations and legacy
423:
311:structural engineering
259:Drivers' Championships
253:won seven Formula One
202:1956 French Grand Prix
193:1956 French Grand Prix
4141:Formula One designers
1432:Small, Steve (1994).
1037:1970 New Year Honours
678:
572:1970 Dutch Grand Prix
565:
557:1967 Dutch Grand Prix
550:
398:
3846:Talbot Sunbeam Lotus
2715:Constructors' titles
1239:magazine August 1962
1227:magazine August 1962
1215:magazine August 1962
255:Constructors' titles
4191:People from Hornsey
4171:People from Norfolk
1278:www.lotuseleven.org
1031:He was appointed a
792:DeLorean Motor Cars
741:John Player Special
603:composite materials
376:, he began to sell
3909:Concept cars
3856:Hennessey Venom GT
3841:Ford Cortina Lotus
3830:Related cars
2662:Formula One titles
2056:Emerson Fittipaldi
1793:Emerson Fittipaldi
1463:The London Gazette
1413:. 14 December 2021
688:
575:
560:
510:Ford Motor Company
424:
301:in Mayfield Road.
268:industrial decline
4078:
4077:
4073:
4072:
4056:Lotus Engineering
4040:Group Lotus
4006:Key figures
3983:Future cars
3446:Racing cars
3440:
3439:
3295:Grand tourer
3072:Sports racer
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2652:
2651:
2093:
2092:
1706:
1705:
1661:Notable personnel
1553:978-1-84425-413-2
1411:www.autosport.com
1007:
1006:
835:active suspension
542:MacPherson struts
441:French Grand Prix
330:British Aluminium
210:
209:
105:Active years
4218:
4046:Official website
3443:
3442:
3434:
3427:
2810:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2770:
2716:
2671:
2658:
2600:
2549:
2548:Indianapolis 500
2518:
2492:
2456:
2420:
2369:
2303:
2112:
2099:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1935:
1933:Carlos Reutemann
1931:
1930:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1712:
1683:Maurice Philippe
1678:Gérard Ducarouge
1635:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1588:
1483:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1356:belfasttelegraph
1348:
1339:
1338:
1337:. Breedon Books.
1330:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1305:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1270:
1261:
1258:Road & Track
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1187:
1181:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1089:
1083:
1068:
1002:
973:
876:
761:Northern Ireland
747:DeLorean scandal
695:, dominated the
618:John Crosthwaite
485:Indianapolis 500
420:John Crosthwaite
309:Chapman studied
263:Indianapolis 500
219:
76:
73:16 December 1982
64:
62:
47:
28:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4074:
3861:Westfield Sport
3441:
3425:
3424:
2802:
2797:
2767:
2758:
2714:
2708:
2670:Drivers' titles
2669:
2663:
2648:
2598:
2592:
2547:
2541:
2516:
2510:
2490:
2484:
2454:
2448:
2418:
2412:
2367:
2361:
2301:
2295:
2110:
2104:
2089:
2076:
2075:
2062:
2061:
2048:
2047:
2034:
2033:
2020:
2019:
2013:World Champions
2008:
1995:
1994:
1981:
1980:
1967:
1966:
1953:
1952:
1939:
1938:
1925:
1924:
1911:
1910:
1905:Ronnie Peterson
1897:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1877:Satoru Nakajima
1869:
1868:
1855:
1854:
1841:
1840:
1827:
1826:
1813:
1812:
1799:
1798:
1785:
1784:
1779:Martin Donnelly
1771:
1770:
1757:
1756:
1751:Elio de Angelis
1743:
1742:
1729:
1728:
1722:Notable drivers
1717:
1702:
1656:
1640:
1629:
1625:
1617:
1615:
1572:Wayback Machine
1561:
1526:Mike Lawrence,
1492:
1490:Further reading
1487:
1486:
1475:
1471:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1332:
1331:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1300:
1299:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1169:Mike Lawrence,
1168:
1164:
1154:
1152:
1151:. 24 March 2018
1143:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1099:on 1 April 2012
1091:
1090:
1086:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1017:Royal Aero Club
1012:
1003:
1000:
971:
970:
867:
859:
820:
780:sting operation
757:stainless steel
749:
622:aluminium alloy
522:
514:DFV race engine
502:Keith Duckworth
489:mid-engined car
342:
326:Royal Air Force
307:
279:
215:
88:
78:
74:
60:
58:
50:
49:Chapman in 1965
38:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4224:
4222:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4083:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4041:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4022:Romano Artioli
4019:
4014:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3993:
3984:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3955:Esprit Concept
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3891:Tesla Roadster
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:Caterham Seven
3831:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3447:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3172:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3130:
3128:
3123:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2425:
2423:
2419:Formula Junior
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2363:
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2360:
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2319:
2314:
2308:
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2297:
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2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2073:
2059:
2045:
2031:
2028:Mario Andretti
2016:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1992:
1978:
1964:
1950:
1936:
1922:
1908:
1894:
1891:Gunnar Nilsson
1880:
1866:
1852:
1838:
1824:
1821:Johnny Herbert
1810:
1796:
1782:
1768:
1754:
1740:
1737:Mario Andretti
1725:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1631:
1630:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1560:
1559:External links
1557:
1556:
1555:
1541:Karl Ludvigsen
1538:
1524:
1512:Hugh Haskell,
1510:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1469:
1449:
1442:
1424:
1398:
1376:
1340:
1335:Wayward Genius
1320:
1290:
1262:
1250:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1213:Car and Driver
1205:
1194:. TheDrive.com
1182:
1162:
1136:
1110:
1084:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1047:
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1029:
1020:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1004:
999:
996:
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989:
984:
979:
974:
965:
960:
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950:
945:
936:
931:
926:
920:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
866:
863:
858:
855:
819:
816:
782:at a hotel in
748:
745:
681:Mario Andretti
670:Venturi effect
642:Tasman Formula
538:Chapman struts
521:
518:
341:
338:
317:, joining the
306:
303:
291:Tottenham Lane
278:
275:
270:of the 1970s.
208:
207:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
182:
176:
175:
172:
170:Pole positions
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
146:
140:
139:
136:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
94:
93:
90:
89:
79:
77:(aged 54)
71:
67:
66:
56:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4223:
4212:
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4139:
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4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
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4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
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4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4012:Colin Chapman
4010:
4009:
4008:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Elise Concept
3928:
3926:
3925:Elite Concept
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
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3808:
3805:
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3800:
3798:
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3349:
3338:
3333:
3323:
3310:
3305:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3282:
3277:
3276:Europa S
3270:
3265:
3257:
3254:
3249:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3201:
3192:
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2607:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:Sports racing
2595:
2589:
2586:
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2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
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2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
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2550:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:Tasman Series
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
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2373:
2370:
2368:Formula Three
2364:
2358:
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2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
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2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2100:
2096:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1989:Derek Warwick
1985:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1919:Nelson Piquet
1915:
1909:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1863:Nigel Mansell
1859:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1807:Mika Häkkinen
1803:
1797:
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1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:Frank Coppuck
1666:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1652:Colin Chapman
1650:
1649:
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1643:
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1542:
1539:
1537:
1536:1-85983-278-4
1533:
1529:
1525:
1523:
1522:1-85532-872-0
1519:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1508:1-85960-844-2
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1478:
1477:Colin Chapman
1473:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1459:
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1428:
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1325:
1321:
1309:
1308:The Telegraph
1304:
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1251:
1245:
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1206:
1193:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:1-85983-278-4
1176:
1172:
1166:
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1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1111:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1080:1-85960-844-2
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:He was voted
1021:
1018:
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1009:
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899:
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890:
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878:
877:
874:
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864:
862:
857:Personal life
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
829:
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817:
815:
813:
809:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
772:
770:
766:
765:Wankel engine
762:
758:
754:
753:John DeLorean
746:
744:
742:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
698:
694:
686:
682:
677:
673:
671:
667:
666:ground effect
662:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:Lancia Lambda
587:
583:
580:
573:
569:
566:Chapman with
564:
558:
554:
551:Chapman with
549:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
519:
517:
515:
511:
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503:
499:
495:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:Mike Hawthorn
434:
430:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
397:
393:
391:
387:
386:Caterham Cars
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:Lotus blossom
355:
351:
348:, a modified
347:
339:
337:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
276:
274:
271:
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
218:
214:
205:
201:
197:
194:
191:
187:
183:
181:
177:
173:
171:
167:
163:
161:Career points
159:
155:
151:
147:
145:
141:
137:
135:
134:Championships
131:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
82:
72:
68:
57:
53:
46:
41:
37:
32:Colin Chapman
29:
26:
22:
4011:
3996:
3989:
3920:Elan Concept
3866:Isuzu Piazza
3429:
2813:
2491:Formula 5000
2455:Formula Ford
2084:Jochen Rindt
2003:Alex Zanardi
1975:John Surtees
1961:Ayrton Senna
1947:Jochen Rindt
1693:Peter Wright
1673:Frank Dernie
1651:
1544:
1527:
1513:
1499:
1472:
1461:
1452:
1433:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1410:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1379:
1367:. Retrieved
1355:
1334:
1311:. Retrieved
1307:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1185:
1170:
1165:
1153:. Retrieved
1148:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1123:
1113:
1101:. Retrieved
1097:the original
1087:
1071:
1066:
1025:The Guardian
1023:
868:
860:
847:heart attack
826:, the noted
824:Chris Barber
821:
796:
773:
769:DMC DeLorean
750:
725:
714:
689:
663:
638:aerodynamics
632:Inspired by
631:
627:carbon fibre
607:
576:
568:Jochen Rindt
523:
425:
401:Lotus Eleven
343:
323:
308:
283:Muswell Hill
280:
272:
249:
245:spring rates
230:
212:
211:
180:Fastest laps
128:1 (0 starts)
75:(1982-12-16)
25:
4101:1982 deaths
4096:1928 births
3896:Proton EMAS
2302:Formula Two
2111:Formula One
2070:Graham Hill
1835:Graham Hill
1458:"No. 44999"
1417:15 December
1391:11 December
1103:11 December
799:Switzerland
784:Los Angeles
732:sponsorship
710:wind tunnel
595:Lotus Elite
553:Graham Hill
506:Graham Hill
498:Mike Costin
453:motor sport
449:John Cooper
429:Formula One
416:Mike Costin
412:Silverstone
408:Formula Two
189:First entry
98:Formula One
65:19 May 1928
4166:Lotus Cars
4085:Categories
4061:Team Lotus
4051:Lotus Cars
4027:Dany Bahar
3950:Esprit M70
3822:E23 Hybrid
2800:Lotus Cars
1849:Jacky Ickx
1688:Peter Warr
1626:Team Lotus
1443:0851127029
1369:28 January
1313:27 January
1283:27 January
1155:23 January
1058:References
943:Straight-4
831:trombonist
803:Panamanian
610:Dan Gurney
599:fibreglass
534:suspension
532:as a rear
473:Team Lotus
390:Caterham 7
368:and a new
277:Early life
261:, and the
251:Team Lotus
241:horsepower
226:Lotus Cars
222:sports car
199:Last entry
61:1928-05-19
4032:Len Terry
4017:Tony Rudd
3209:Elan M100
2042:Jim Clark
1765:Jim Clark
1698:Len Terry
1639:Personnel
1364:0307-1235
839:Lotus 99T
712:testing.
614:Zandvoort
579:monocoque
496:founders
469:Jim Clark
465:Maseratis
366:manifolds
362:Lotus Mk2
334:aluminium
305:Education
87:, England
4066:Lotus F1
3997:Type 135
3990:Type 134
3881:Kia Elan
3851:DeLorean
3797:T128 LMP
3462:Mark III
3431:Electric
3191:Roadster
3184:3-Eleven
3177:2-Eleven
1568:Archived
1129:4 August
1053:in 1997.
1046:in 1994.
1019:in 1961.
885:Chassis
882:Entrant
812:AW11 MR2
728:publican
717:Lotus 88
693:Lotus 79
685:Lotus 79
634:Jim Hall
586:Lotus 25
526:IndyCars
494:Cosworth
477:Lotus 25
461:Ferraris
457:handling
410:race at
370:camshaft
350:Austin 7
293:next to
237:handling
224:company
3945:Emotion
3935:CityCar
3792:T128 F1
3467:Mark IV
3457:Mark II
3375:Carlton
3366:Cortina
3361:Cortina
3304:Elan +2
3154:Mark VI
1716:Drivers
1645:Founder
1479:at the
1225:Hot Rod
1198:4 March
1124:ESPN F1
1082:Page 15
1035:in the
1001:Source:
939:Vanwall
934:Vanwall
918:Points
888:Engine
851:Norwich
801:-based
776:cocaine
650:Brabham
646:Ferrari
582:chassis
570:at the
555:at the
433:Vanwall
382:Lotus 7
374:Lotus 6
153:Podiums
125:Entries
119:Vanwall
85:Norfolk
81:Norwich
3940:Eterne
3472:Mark V
3452:Mark I
3428:
3426:
3416:Eletre
3352:Saloon
3269:Esprit
3264:Europa
3089:Eleven
2839:2020s
2836:2010s
2833:2000s
2830:1990s
2827:1980s
2824:1970s
2821:1960s
2818:1950s
1551:
1534:
1520:
1506:
1440:
1362:
1177:
1078:
1010:Awards
808:Toyota
530:struts
504:, and
354:racing
340:Career
287:London
257:, six
3960:Ethos
3388:Emeya
3337:Excel
3332:Eclat
3309:Elite
3288:Evija
3281:Evora
3253:Emira
3248:Exige
3230:Elite
3223:Coupé
3214:Elise
3159:Seven
1237:Motor
941:2.5l
879:Year
818:Death
736:pound
445:Reims
115:Teams
3970:M250
3965:Etna
3802:T129
3787:T127
3782:T125
3737:100T
3237:Elan
3200:Elan
3170:340R
3079:VIII
2814:Type
2754:1978
2749:1973
2744:1972
2739:1970
2734:1968
2729:1965
2724:1963
2704:1978
2699:1972
2694:1970
2689:1968
2684:1965
2679:1963
2602:cars
2551:cars
2520:cars
2494:cars
2458:cars
2422:cars
2371:cars
2305:cars
2266:100T
2114:cars
2103:Cars
1549:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1518:ISBN
1504:ISBN
1438:ISBN
1419:2021
1393:2011
1371:2021
1360:ISSN
1315:2021
1285:2021
1200:2016
1175:ISBN
1157:2024
1131:2011
1105:2011
1076:ISBN
924:1956
915:WDC
843:1987
828:jazz
721:1981
706:1983
702:1981
697:1978
648:and
500:and
463:and
378:kits
243:and
144:Wins
109:1956
70:Died
55:Born
3975:M90
3915:APX
3817:E22
3812:E21
3807:E20
3777:119
3772:115
3767:114
3762:112
3757:109
3752:107
3747:102
3742:101
3732:99T
3727:98T
3722:97T
3717:96T
3712:95T
3707:94T
3702:93T
3395:SUV
2588:96T
2291:112
2286:109
2281:107
2276:102
2271:101
2261:99T
2256:98T
2251:97T
2246:95T
2241:94T
2236:93T
2166:56B
991:NC
987:ITA
982:GER
977:GBR
972:DNS
968:FRA
963:BEL
958:500
953:MON
948:ARG
871:key
841:in
788:FBI
719:in
658:FIA
443:at
346:Mk1
313:at
285:in
217:CBE
36:CBE
4087::
3697:92
3692:91
3687:88
3682:87
3677:86
3672:81
3667:80
3662:79
3657:78
3652:77
3647:76
3642:74
3637:73
3632:72
3627:70
3622:69
3617:66
3612:64
3607:63
3602:61
3597:59
3592:56
3587:49
3582:48
3577:44
3572:43
3567:42
3562:41
3557:39
3552:38
3547:34
3542:33
3537:32
3532:31
3527:29
3522:27
3517:25
3512:24
3507:22
3502:21
3497:20
3492:18
3487:17
3482:16
3477:12
3133:62
3126:47
3119:40
3114:30
3109:23
3104:19
3099:17
3094:15
3084:IX
3066:4
3051:9
3021:9
2991:9
2961:9
2931:9
2901:9
2871:9
2644:53
2639:47
2634:40
2629:30
2624:23
2619:19
2614:17
2609:15
2583:64
2578:56
2573:42
2568:38
2563:34
2558:29
2537:67
2532:39
2527:32
2506:70
2501:68
2480:69
2475:61
2470:59
2465:51
2444:27
2439:22
2434:20
2429:18
2408:69
2403:59
2398:55
2393:41
2388:35
2383:31
2378:22
2357:69
2352:59
2347:48
2342:44
2337:41
2332:35
2327:32
2322:18
2317:16
2312:12
2231:92
2226:91
2221:88
2216:87
2211:86
2206:81
2201:80
2196:79
2191:78
2186:77
2181:76
2176:72
2171:63
2161:49
2156:43
2151:33
2146:25
2141:24
2136:21
2131:18
2126:16
2121:12
1543:,
1498:,
1460:.
1409:.
1358:.
1354:.
1343:^
1323:^
1306:.
1293:^
1276:.
1265:^
1147:.
1122:.
994:0
912:8
909:7
906:6
903:5
900:4
897:3
894:2
891:1
873:)
771:.
743:.
605:.
516:.
228:.
83:,
3063:3
3060:2
3057:1
3054:0
3048:8
3045:7
3042:6
3039:5
3036:4
3033:3
3030:2
3027:1
3024:0
3018:8
3015:7
3012:6
3009:5
3006:4
3003:3
3000:2
2997:1
2994:0
2988:8
2985:7
2982:6
2979:5
2976:4
2973:3
2970:2
2967:1
2964:0
2958:8
2955:7
2952:6
2949:5
2946:4
2943:3
2940:2
2937:1
2934:0
2928:8
2925:7
2922:6
2919:5
2916:4
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